JPH073391B2 - Multiple chemical sensor - Google Patents
Multiple chemical sensorInfo
- Publication number
- JPH073391B2 JPH073391B2 JP21238986A JP21238986A JPH073391B2 JP H073391 B2 JPH073391 B2 JP H073391B2 JP 21238986 A JP21238986 A JP 21238986A JP 21238986 A JP21238986 A JP 21238986A JP H073391 B2 JPH073391 B2 JP H073391B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- light
- absorbing molecule
- film
- multiple chemical
- chemical
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By The Use Of Chemical Reactions (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 （産業上の利用分野） 本発明は光吸収分子または光吸収分子を含有する単分子
膜を積重ねた多重化学センサーに関する。Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a light-absorbing molecule or a multiple chemical sensor in which monolayers containing the light-absorbing molecule are stacked.
（発明の目的） 近年、味覚や臭覚をモデルとした味センサーや臭センサ
ーの研究が進められている。生物における味覚や臭覚は
味細胞にそれぞれ味物質、嗅物質が吸着し、細胞膜の膜
電位が変化することで発生する。多種多様な味物質、嗅
物質に対して細胞膜が異なつた応答特性を示し、この応
答特性をパターン認識することで生物は味や嗅の判別を
瞬時に、選択性よく行つている。そこで、人工的な味セ
ンサー、嗅センサーを作成する上では、かかる感覚を定
量化し、パターン認識的な情報処理を行わせる必要があ
る。具体的には、共存する複数の化学物質を、物理的或
いは化学的方法によつて同時に検出、識別してやらなけ
ればならない。本発明は、共存する複数の化学物質とし
て多重の化学情報を同時に処理することのできるセンサ
ーを提供することを目的とする。(Purpose of the Invention) In recent years, research on taste sensors and odor sensors that model the taste and smell has been advanced. Tastes and odors in living organisms are generated when taste cells and olfactory substances are adsorbed on taste cells and the membrane potential of the cell membrane changes. Cell membranes exhibit different response characteristics to a wide variety of taste and olfactory substances, and by recognizing the pattern of these response characteristics, organisms instantly distinguish taste and olfactory with good selectivity. Therefore, it is necessary to quantify such sensations and perform pattern recognition-like information processing when creating artificial taste sensors and olfactory sensors. Specifically, it is necessary to simultaneously detect and identify a plurality of coexisting chemical substances by a physical or chemical method. An object of the present invention is to provide a sensor capable of simultaneously processing multiple chemical information as a plurality of coexisting chemical substances.
本発明はこの多重の化学情報を同時に処理可能なセンサ
ーを実現するために、光吸収分子の有する光学的特性
が、共存する化学物質によつて特有な変化を示す現象を
利用する新しい手段を提案するものである。すなわち、
一般に光吸収分子は、共存する化学物質に対応して特有
の光学的変化を示すことから、このような光吸収分子を
用いて有機超薄膜を作成し、その光学的特性の変化を詳
細に調べれば、共存する化学物質の同定が可能となる。
更に、かかる光学的手法を用いることにより、他の方
法、例えば電気的方法、磁気的方法等に比べて、光の波
長という点で多重化が可能となり、多重化学情報の処理
を効率、精度よく行うことができる。従つて、光吸収分
子を均一な配向性よい超薄膜にすることができれば、
（１）多種多様な化学物質を同時に検出できる。（２）
検出に用いる光の波長という面で多重化ができる、とい
う二つの意味で多重な化学センサーが実現可能となる。
ところが、従来用いられてきた塗布法等による薄膜形成
は、各分子の配向が制御できず、しかも均一な超薄膜が
形成できないため、センサーの効率、精度等の高性能
化、及びセンサーの集積化を図る上で問題があつた。In order to realize a sensor capable of simultaneously processing multiple chemical information, the present invention proposes a new means utilizing a phenomenon in which the optical characteristics of a light absorbing molecule show a unique change depending on coexisting chemical substances. To do. That is,
In general, light-absorbing molecules show unique optical changes in response to coexisting chemical substances, so organic ultra-thin films can be prepared using such light-absorbing molecules and changes in their optical properties can be investigated in detail. This makes it possible to identify coexisting chemical substances.
Furthermore, by using such an optical method, it becomes possible to multiplex in terms of the wavelength of light as compared with other methods such as an electrical method and a magnetic method, and it is possible to process multiple chemical information efficiently and accurately. It can be carried out. Therefore, if the light-absorbing molecules can be formed into a uniform ultra-thin film with good orientation,
(1) A wide variety of chemical substances can be detected simultaneously. (2)
Multiple chemical sensors can be realized in the two senses that they can be multiplexed in terms of the wavelength of light used for detection.
However, in the thin film formation by the conventionally used coating method, the orientation of each molecule cannot be controlled and a uniform ultrathin film cannot be formed, so that the efficiency and accuracy of the sensor can be improved and the integration of the sensor can be improved. There was a problem in trying.
本発明の目的は、多重化学情報を同時に処理することの
できる多重化学センサーを提供することにあり、この目
的は、二種類以上の異なる光吸収分子を含有する膜を積
重ねた有機超薄膜からなる多重化学センサーによつて達
成される。It is an object of the present invention to provide a multiple chemical sensor capable of simultaneously processing multiple chemical information, and an object of the present invention is to consist of organic ultrathin films in which films containing two or more different light absorbing molecules are stacked. Achieved by multiple chemical sensors.
（発明の構成） 本発明の要旨は光吸収分子または光吸収分子を含有する
単分子膜を積層してなり、少なくとも一層中の光吸収分
子が、他層中の光吸収分子とは異なることを特徴とする
多重化学センサーに存する。(Structure of the Invention) The gist of the present invention is that a light-absorbing molecule or a monomolecular film containing a light-absorbing molecule is laminated, and the light-absorbing molecule in at least one layer is different from the light-absorbing molecule in another layer. It is characterized by multiple chemical sensors.
本発明に用いる光吸収分子は、光を吸収し、共存する化
学物質によつて光学的特性が変化する有機分子ならば広
く使用できる。具体的には、螢光性分子であるベンゼ
ン、アンスラセン、ナフタレン、ピレン、フエナントレ
ン、ペリレン、クリセン、トリフエニレン、ビナフチ
ル、ピセン、フルオレン、カルバゾール、ローダミン、
エオシン、フルオレセイン、チオフラビン、アクリジ
ン、カルボリン等、或いはこれらの構造を分子構造中に
含有する化合物、例えばアンスロイルオキシステアリン
酸等が例示できる。The light-absorbing molecule used in the present invention can be widely used as long as it is an organic molecule that absorbs light and changes its optical characteristics depending on the coexisting chemical substance. Specifically, fluorescent molecules such as benzene, anthracene, naphthalene, pyrene, phenanthrene, perylene, chrysene, triphenylene, binaphthyl, picene, fluorene, carbazole, rhodamine,
Examples thereof include eosin, fluorescein, thioflavin, acridine, carboline, and the like, or compounds containing these structures in the molecular structure, such as anthroyloxystearic acid.
本発明における有機超薄膜を構成する各単分子層に含ま
れる光吸収分子は一種類であり、各単分子層は光吸収分
子と長鎖脂肪酸との混合膜であることが望ましい。長鎖
脂肪酸を存在させると光吸収分子同士の相互作用による
光学的特性の変化を防ぎ、化学物質と光吸収分子との相
互作用のみを精度よく検出することができる。また、長
鎖脂肪酸は光吸収分子の化学的安定性を高める上でも効
果がある。異なる光吸収分子の膜の間、或いは光吸収分
子の膜の上に数層の長鎖脂肪酸の単独累積膜を累積する
ことで保護膜とし、有機超薄膜全体の化学的安定性を高
めることができるが、このような保護膜は、光吸収分子
の種類によつては設けなくてもよい。There is one kind of light absorbing molecule contained in each monomolecular layer constituting the organic ultrathin film in the present invention, and each monomolecular layer is preferably a mixed film of light absorbing molecules and long chain fatty acids. The presence of the long-chain fatty acid prevents changes in the optical properties due to the interaction between the light-absorbing molecules, and can accurately detect only the interaction between the chemical substance and the light-absorbing molecule. The long chain fatty acid is also effective in enhancing the chemical stability of the light absorbing molecule. It is possible to enhance the chemical stability of the entire organic ultra-thin film by accumulating several layers of long-chain fatty acid single accumulation films between different light-absorbing molecule films or on the light-absorbing molecule film. However, such a protective film may not be provided depending on the type of the light absorbing molecule.
長鎖脂肪酸としては、炭素数14〜24の脂肪酸で、単独で
安定な膜を作るものであれば広く使用できる。具体的に
は、ステアリン酸、アラキジン酸等が例示できる。As the long-chain fatty acid, a fatty acid having 14 to 24 carbon atoms can be widely used as long as it forms a stable film by itself. Specific examples thereof include stearic acid and arachidic acid.
有機超薄膜は、例えば公知のラングミユア・プロジエツ
ト法（LB膜とエレクトロニクス、１頁〜15頁 33頁〜46
頁、シーエムシー1986年）により作成する。具体的に
は、前記の長鎖脂肪酸と光吸収分子とを適当な割合で混
合したものをクロロホルム等の揮発性有機溶媒に溶か
し、これを水面上に展開して単分子の膜を形成する。The organic ultra-thin film is, for example, the well-known Langmuir-Proget method (LB film and electronics, pages 1 to 15, pages 33 to 46.
Page, CMC 1986). Specifically, a mixture of the long-chain fatty acid and the light-absorbing molecule in an appropriate ratio is dissolved in a volatile organic solvent such as chloroform, and this is spread on the water surface to form a monomolecular film.
次に、水面上に設けた仕切板を徐々に移動させることに
より展開面積を圧縮する。面積の圧縮に伴い、膜分子は
その集合状態に応じた表面圧を示す。この表面圧を一定
値に保持し、膜が適当な凝縮状態にある状態で静かに清
浄な基板を垂直に上下させることにより、単分子膜を一
層ずつ基板上に移し取る。こうして、光吸収分子膜を数
層累積した後、別の異なつた光吸収分子を用いて前記と
同様の操作を繰り返すことで、有機超薄膜を作成する。Next, the developed area is compressed by gradually moving the partition plate provided on the water surface. As the area is compressed, the membrane molecules show a surface pressure according to their aggregated state. By keeping this surface pressure at a constant value and gently moving the clean substrate vertically up and down while the film is in an appropriate condensed state, the monomolecular films are transferred one by one onto the substrate. Thus, after accumulating several layers of the light absorbing molecular film, the same operation as described above is repeated by using another different light absorbing molecule to form an organic ultrathin film.
単分子膜を基板上に累積する方法は、上述の垂直浸せき
法の他に、例えば水平付着法等の方法を用いてもよい。
すなわち、基板を水面に平行な状態で単分子膜を移し取
つてもよい。As a method for accumulating the monomolecular film on the substrate, a method such as a horizontal adhesion method may be used in addition to the above-mentioned vertical dipping method.
That is, the monomolecular film may be transferred while the substrate is parallel to the water surface.
累積に使用する基板は表面が清浄なもので、かつ上記の
光学的特性の変化を検出する上で適当なものであれば広
く使用できる。例えば、ガラス板、石英板、金属薄膜を
表面にコートしたガラス板および石英板、金属板、プラ
スチツク等が用いられる。The substrate used for accumulation can be widely used as long as it has a clean surface and is suitable for detecting the above-mentioned change in optical characteristics. For example, a glass plate, a quartz plate, a glass plate having a surface coated with a metal thin film, a quartz plate, a metal plate, a plastic, or the like is used.
例えば、第１図に示すように、ステアリルトリクロロシ
ラン等の疎水化剤で処理した、表面に疎水基２を有する
ガラス基板１を用意する。次いで、上記の方法を用い
て、光吸収分子４を含有する長鎖脂肪酸３から成る単分
子膜ａおよびａ′を形成する。更に、上記とは異なる光
吸収分子６を含有する長鎖脂肪酸５から成る単分子膜ｂ
およびｂ′を形成する。For example, as shown in FIG. 1, a glass substrate 1 having a hydrophobic group 2 on its surface treated with a hydrophobizing agent such as stearyltrichlorosilane is prepared. Then, the monomolecular films a and a ′ made of the long-chain fatty acid 3 containing the light absorbing molecule 4 are formed by using the above method. Furthermore, a monomolecular film b composed of long-chain fatty acid 5 containing a light-absorbing molecule 6 different from the above
And b '.
このようにして得られた多重化学センサーは、単分子膜
a,a′および単分子膜b,b′中に含有する光吸収分子４、
６が異なるので、２種以上の化学物質に対しそれぞれ光
学的特性において特異の変化を示すことになる。The multiple chemical sensor thus obtained is a monomolecular film.
a, a'and the light absorbing molecules 4 contained in the monolayers b, b ',
Since 6 is different, two or more kinds of chemical substances each show a unique change in optical property.
作成した有機超薄膜による化学物質の検出は、例えば螢
光スペクトルの変化を測定することで行う。すなわち、
化学物質が薄膜中の光吸収分子に吸着することにより、
光吸収分子の発する螢光が消光されるので、螢光スペク
トルの変化を見ることで化学物質の検出が行われる。検
出は、螢光スペクトルの変化に限定されず、光吸収分子
の有する光学的特性の変化であれば何でもよい。例え
ば、吸収スペクトルの変化、円二色性スペクトルの変化
等を測定することで化学物質の検出が可能である。The chemical substance is detected by the formed organic ultrathin film by, for example, measuring the change in the fluorescence spectrum. That is,
By adsorbing the chemical substance to the light absorbing molecule in the thin film,
Since the fluorescence emitted from the light absorbing molecule is quenched, the chemical substance is detected by observing the change in the fluorescence spectrum. The detection is not limited to the change in the fluorescence spectrum, and may be any change in the optical characteristics of the light absorbing molecule. For example, a chemical substance can be detected by measuring a change in absorption spectrum, a change in circular dichroism spectrum, or the like.
本発明の多重化学センサーによつて検出される化学物質
に特に制限はないが、溶液系で使用する場合は、例えば
アミン、アンモニア、ドーパミン、各種アミノ酸が例示
できる。更に、本発明の化学センサーはガス系にも適用
が可能である。The chemical substance detected by the multiple chemical sensor of the present invention is not particularly limited, but when it is used in a solution system, amine, ammonia, dopamine and various amino acids can be exemplified. Furthermore, the chemical sensor of the present invention can be applied to a gas system.
（発明の効果） 本発明によれば、多重化学情報を同時に処理できる多重
化学センサーが得られる。本発明の多重化学センサー
は、極めて選択性の高い、インテリジエント化された味
センサー、嗅センサー等への応用が可能である。(Effect of the Invention) According to the present invention, a multiple chemical sensor capable of simultaneously processing multiple chemical information can be obtained. INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The multiple chemical sensor of the present invention can be applied to an intelligent taste sensor, an olfactory sensor, and the like having extremely high selectivity.
（実施例） 以下、本発明を実施例にて更に詳細に説明する。(Examples) Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples.
実施例１ 基板として無螢光ガラス板を用い、ガラス板の表面をス
テアリルトリクロロシランで疎水化処理した。Example 1 A fluorescent-free glass plate was used as a substrate, and the surface of the glass plate was hydrophobized with stearyltrichlorosilane.
単分子膜の調製には協和界面科学社製LB（ラングミユア
・ブロジエツト）膜作成装置を用いた。An LB (Languimure Brodiet) film preparation device manufactured by Kyowa Interface Science Co., Ltd. was used for the preparation of the monomolecular film.
この装置を用い、CdCl2を0.25m mol含有する水溶液の表
面にアンスロイルオキシステアリン酸（５％）−ステア
リン酸（95％）のベンゼン溶液を展開し、該装置の仕切
板を移動させることにより表面圧を32.5dyne・cm-1に調
整した。By using this device, a benzene solution of anthroyloxystearic acid (5%)-stearic acid (95%) is developed on the surface of an aqueous solution containing 0.25 mmol of CdCl 2 and the partition plate of the device is moved. The surface pressure was adjusted to 32.5 dyne · cm −1 .
次いで、この圧力を保ちつつ前記したガラス基板を界面
と垂直方向に浸漬し、引上げ、一旦乾燥後この操作をも
う一度行ない、アンスロイルオキシステアリン酸−ステ
アリン酸単分子膜を４層形成した。Next, while maintaining this pressure, the above-mentioned glass substrate was immersed in a direction perpendicular to the interface, pulled up, once dried, and this operation was performed again to form four layers of anthroyloxystearic acid-stearic acid monomolecular film.
このアンスロイルオキシステアリン酸−ステアリン酸単
分子膜の上に同じ装置を用いペリレン（５％）−ステア
リン酸（95％）の単分子膜を表面圧40dyne・cm-1にて４
層形成した。Using the same device on this anthroyloxystearic acid-stearic acid monolayer, a perylene (5%)-stearic acid (95%) monolayer was applied at a surface pressure of 40 dyne-cm -1 .
Layered.
このようにして得た多重化学センサーをまず純水中に浸
漬し日本分光社製、螢光スペクトロメーターを用い励起
波長366nmの場合の螢光特性を測定した。The thus-obtained multiple chemical sensor was first immersed in pure water, and the fluorescence characteristics in the case of an excitation wavelength of 366 nm was measured using a fluorescence spectrometer manufactured by JASCO Corporation.
次にこの純水に水酸化アンモニウムおよびグリシンを添
加し、同様に螢光特性を測定した。Next, ammonium hydroxide and glycine were added to this pure water, and the fluorescence characteristics were measured in the same manner.
その結果、水酸化アンモニウムおよびグリシンによる固
有の変化が見られた。As a result, unique changes due to ammonium hydroxide and glycine were observed.
第１図は本発明の多重化学センサーを模式的に示す断面
図である。 図中１はガラス基板、２は疎水基、３、５は長鎖脂肪
酸、４、６は光吸収分子、a,a′,b,b′は夫々単分子膜
をそれぞれ示す。FIG. 1 is a sectional view schematically showing the multiple chemical sensor of the present invention. In the figure, 1 is a glass substrate, 2 is a hydrophobic group, 3 and 5 are long chain fatty acids, 4 and 6 are light absorbing molecules, and a, a ', b and b'respectively are monomolecular films.
Claims (2)
分子膜を積層してなり、少なくとも１層中の光吸収分子
が、他層中の光吸収分子とは異なることを特徴とする多
重化学センサー1. A multi-layer structure comprising a light-absorbing molecule or a monomolecular film containing the light-absorbing molecule, wherein the light-absorbing molecule in at least one layer is different from the light-absorbing molecule in another layer. Chemical sensor
合膜である特許請求の範囲第一項記載の多重化学センサ
ー。2. The multiple chemical sensor according to claim 1, wherein the monomolecular film is a mixed film of a long chain fatty acid and a light absorbing molecule.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP21238986A JPH073391B2 (en) | 1986-09-09 | 1986-09-09 | Multiple chemical sensor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP21238986A JPH073391B2 (en) | 1986-09-09 | 1986-09-09 | Multiple chemical sensor |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6367548A JPS6367548A (en) | 1988-03-26 |
| JPH073391B2 true JPH073391B2 (en) | 1995-01-18 |
Family
ID=16621774
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP21238986A Expired - Fee Related JPH073391B2 (en) | 1986-09-09 | 1986-09-09 | Multiple chemical sensor |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH073391B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2763783B2 (en) * | 1989-03-10 | 1998-06-11 | 科学技術振興事業団 | Organic matter sensor and method for measuring organic matter concentration |
| US6338483B1 (en) * | 1999-11-23 | 2002-01-15 | Jeffrey L. Andela | Single sheet feeder with selectively engageable prefeeding rolls |
-
1986
- 1986-09-09 JP JP21238986A patent/JPH073391B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6367548A (en) | 1988-03-26 |
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