JPH066384Y2 - globe - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a globe which is particularly useful as a science teaching material.

[Prior art and its problems] Globes are made for the purpose of learning materials, and in recent years, very sophisticated ones have become popular. However, the old globe is
It is mainly used as a round map for three-dimensionally displaying the world geography regarding the classification of land, sea, mountains and rivers, and the positional relationship of nations.

The present invention provides a globe designed to facilitate understanding of the revolution of the earth, rotation of the earth and changes in meteorological phenomena related thereto.

Also, under the recent turbulent social conditions, changes in borders, country names, etc. occur frequently, so the conventional world globe suffers from the inconvenience of needing a replacement every time such a change occurs. Therefore, the present invention intends to consider the uneconomicalness of such a globe.

[Means for Solving the Problems] The globe of the present invention is a hollow body that is pivotally supported on an arch body so that it can rotate around an inclined earth axis, and a globe body that does not have a light source inside, and an upright support for the arch body. A base plate rotatably supported via a shaft, a leg cylinder body rotatably mounted around the support shaft and integrated with the arch body, and the globe body provided outside the globe body. And a deceleration mechanism for decelerating and transmitting the rotation of the above to the leg cylinder at a ratio corresponding to the ratio of the rotation and the revolution of the earth.

[Operation] In the case of the globe configured in this way, when the globe body is rotated about its tilted earth axis, the leg cylinder rotates at a slow speed around the upright support shaft in conjunction with the deceleration, and this leg cylinder The tilted earth axis of the globe body rotates on the base plate in synchronization with the leg cylinder through the bow body integrated with the body. Since the speed reduction ratio corresponds to the ratio between the rotation and the revolution of the earth, the tilted earth axes of the leg cylinder and the world body can be rotated exactly once in correspondence with the 366 rotations of the world body. That is, it is possible to reproduce the relationship between the rotation motion on the revolution plane of the earth and the attitude change with respect to the sun caused by the revolution. Specifically, if a virtual sun (for example, a light source as described below or the eyes of the observer) is set to the side of this globe, the position of the virtual sun and the base plate of this globe is changed. Even if it does not exist, simply rotating the globe body causes the arch body to rotate as if the globe body revolves around the virtual sun, and the relative attitude of the tilted earth axis with respect to the virtual sun changes. Then, by rotating the body of the globe 366 times, it is possible to reproduce the same relative positional relationship as when the earth made one revolution around the sun. Therefore, it is possible to continuously observe the relative attitude of the sun and the earth throughout the year without setting the orbit around the virtual sun and sequentially replacing the globe at the desired position on the orbital start. Becomes Therefore, without requiring a large space, you can observe the day and night length of each region in each season including spring equinox, summer solstice, autumn equinox, winter solstice, and experience the sunshine conditions of each region in each season. It becomes possible.

In particular, when a light source is used as the virtual sun, a more realistic sunshine state can be reproduced. That is, in a case where a light source and a light shielding plate are provided in the globe body to illuminate one half of the globe body brightly, the shadow of the light shielding plate clearly defines the sunshine area and the non-sunshine area. Therefore, it is not possible to fully grasp the difference between the area where the sunlight is radiated directly above and the area where the sunlight is radiated near the horizon. On the other hand, as in the present invention, a light source is not provided inside the globe body and can be observed by shining light from the outside. If you do, you can reproduce the situation that is close to the actual sunshine condition of the earth. Specifically, in areas where the sun is actually directly above, the light from the light source irradiates the ground surface at a right angle, and in areas where the sun is near the horizon and horizon, the light from the light sources is closer to the tangent line. It will be illuminated, and the twilight condition at the boundary between day and night will be close to reality. Therefore, you can observe the direction of the sun and the shadows that the sun illuminates in each season and in each region, and you can also see the night and night conditions in a specific region and the sunrise and sunset conditions in each region. It becomes possible to see.

Moreover, in the present invention, the speed reducing mechanism is provided outside the globe body, and the globe body is a hollow body having no light source inside, so that it is easy to replace only the globe body. Therefore, it is excellent in responding to political changes such as map rewriting. That is, the globe body according to the present invention does not need to be semi-transparent because it does not have a light source inside, and it is not necessary to adopt a complicated structure such as half-dividing and to incorporate a speed reduction mechanism inside. It can be a completely simple sphere made by molding or the like. Therefore, it is very easy to replace only the globe itself from the viewpoint of workability and economy.

[Embodiment] FIGS. 1 to 4 show an embodiment of the present invention.

The globe body 1 strikes the support shafts 3a and 3b from the semicircular arcuate body 2 provided along the outer periphery thereof to the poles, and as shown in FIG. 1, the inclined earth axis O that penetrates the north pole N and the south pole S. From the horizontal plane (corresponding to the orbit of the earth with respect to the sun) at a predetermined angle (6
It is supported so as to be freely rotatable in the forward and reverse directions about the inclined ground axis O in a posture inclined by 6.5 °. Here, the spindle 3 on the N pole side
The a supports the globe body 1 freely and freely, while the spindle 3b on the S pole side is fixed to the globe body 1 and rotates integrally. Then, the support shaft 3b is fitted into a bearing hole 4 provided near the lower end of the arch body 2 and extends downward.

The arch body 2 which pivotally supports the globe body 1 is supported at the upper end of a long shaft-like support shaft 5 fixed upright at the center of a disk-shaped base plate 6 placed on the floor so as to be able to rotate relatively slowly. It That is, the bow 2 is supported by the upper end of the support shaft 5 fixed to the base plate 6 so as to be horizontally rotatable. As shown in FIG. 3, a sun display Sn indicating the direction of the sun is provided on one surface of the peripheral edge of the base plate 6.

In addition, a hollow leg cylinder 7 that is rotatable around the axis of the support shaft 5 is installed on the support shaft 5. The leg cylinder 7 is fixed at its upper end to a gusset 8 described below,
It is integrated with the arch body 2 through. The leg cylinder 7 is integrally provided at its lower end with a disk-shaped plate portion 9 that is close to the surface of the base plate 6 in a fitting manner and forms a part of the apparent base plate 6. A calendar 10 shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 is attached to the plate portion 9 counterclockwise. Calendar 10
Is composed of a scale 10a in which the sun and moon are divided into approximately equal parts, and a display 10b in which the season and other items are described.

Then, the support shaft 3b rotated together with the globe body 1
And the leg tube body 7 that is installed around the support shaft 5,
Reduction mechanisms 11 and 12 for decelerating and transmitting the rotation from the support shaft 3b to the leg cylinder 7 at a ratio corresponding to the ratio of the rotation and the revolution of the earth.
Is installed.

As shown in FIG. 2, the reduction mechanism 11 includes a small-diameter bevel gear 13 fixedly provided at a downward extension end of the support shaft 3b and a large-diameter bevel gear 13 rotatably mounted on the outer periphery of the support shaft 5 via a rotary sleeve 15. It is made to mesh with 14. Large-diameter bevel gear 14
Is integrally fixed to the rotary sleeve 15, and both can rotate around the support shaft 5. Therefore, when the globe body 1 is rotated in the forward direction (counterclockwise) around the inclined ground axis O, the rotary sleeve 15 on the support shaft 5 is first decelerated clockwise and relatively rotated via the speed reduction mechanism 11. The speed reduction mechanism 11 is surrounded from the outside by the gusset 8 whose upper surface is fixed to the arch 2 and whose lower opening is connected to the leg cylinder 7.

Further, the reduction mechanism 12 has a pinion 16 fixedly mounted on the rotary sleeve 15 inside the leg cylinder 7, a large-diameter inner peripheral gear 17 engraved on the inner periphery of the leg cylinder 7 facing each other, and The planetary deceleration mechanism is in mesh with a small-diameter planetary gear 18 interposed between the two. The planetary gear 18 is axially mounted on the collar portion 5a fixed to the support shaft 5, is not revolving, and is only allowed to rotate. Therefore, the clockwise rotation transmitted to the rotary sleeve 15 is further decelerated by the speed reduction mechanism 12 and transmitted to the leg cylinder 7, which synchronizes the gear box 8 and the bow 2 integrated with the gear box 8. Decelerate and rotate. And in this thing, the synergistic reduction ratio of the reduction mechanisms 11 and 12 is
It is adjusted so that the leg cylinder body 7 and the tilted earth axis O of the globe body 1 make one rotation (corresponding to one revolution) exactly when the globe body 1 rotates 366 times.

The globe center of the globe body 1 passes along the axis of the support shaft 5, and the arch 2 is located on the plane connecting the winter solstice and summer solstice on the base plate 6 in the initial state shown.

With the globe configured as above, the revolution of the earth,
The relationship between the rotational movement and the relative position / orientation of the sun associated therewith can be expressed simply. Now, when the globe body 1 pivotally supported by the arch 2 is rotated around its inclined earth axis O from the initial state as shown in the figure, the leg cylinder from the support pole 3b on the S pole side through the reduction gears 11 and 12 The body 7 rotates at a very low speed, and the lower plate portion 9 and the arch body 2 (the inclined earth axis O of the globe body 1) rotate integrally with this. That is, when the globe body 1 is rotated once, the arch body 2 and the plate portion 9 are separated from each other.
The scale 10a assigned to the item is rotated by the angle of one day.
Therefore, from this fact, the rotation of the earth on the revolution plane and the change in attitude with respect to the sun can be specifically known by corresponding to the change in the calendar 10. At that time, if the sun display Sn on the base plate 6 and the calendar 10 coincide with each other as a guide, the azimuth relationship of the sun at an arbitrary time (for example, March 21 or spring equinox day) is shown as the direction of the display Sn. From this, a concrete understanding of the sunshine condition of the sun with respect to the earth can be understood. Then, if a light source such as a lamp is actually arranged and illuminated on a horizontal plane in the extension direction of the sun display Sn, the sunshine condition of the earth on the revolution orbit at the date corresponding to the sun display Sn will be on the globe body 1. It is reproduced as light and dark.

Therefore, if this globe is used as a science teaching material, it will be useful for understanding the earth's revolution, rotation and related meteorological phenomena. Specifically, we understand the cause of spring, summer, autumn, and winter,
You can understand the meanings of the equinoxes of spring equinox and autumn equinox, the longest and shortest sunshine in the summer solstice, and the winter solstice, and you can easily understand the seasons and climate differences in each region. It should be noted that the plate portion 9 and the like can be supplemented with the matters illustrated in FIG. 4 and other appropriate matters, whereby the value as a teaching material can be further enhanced.

In addition, this one uses the reduction gears 11 and 12 as the globe body 1
Since the globe body 1 itself has a hollow body, the globe body 1 alone can be removed from the arch body 2 and replaced. Therefore, when a situation occurs in which the map is rewritten, the arch body 2, the base plate 6, the leg cylinder body 7, the gearbox 8, the reduction mechanisms 11, 12 and the like do not need to be replaced, which is economical. That is, since the main body 1 of the globe does not have a light source inside, it does not need to be semi-transparent, and since it is not necessary to adopt a complicated structure such as half-division to incorporate a speed reduction mechanism inside, blow molding and other A completely simple sphere made of can be used. Therefore, by simply replacing the spherical globe body 1 that can be simply manufactured using an inexpensive material, it is possible to deal with changes in borders and country names, which is extremely economical.

Although a preferred embodiment has been described above, as a simple embodiment of the present invention, the calendar 10 or the like displayed on the plate portion 9 of the leg cylinder 7 may be made simpler, and the rotation of the earth may be further reduced. For the purpose of seeing the relationship between and the revolution, it is possible to omit the calendar 10 and the sun display Sn at all. The speed reduction mechanisms 11 and 12 are merely examples, and the specific structure of the present invention does not matter.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, in the globe of the present invention, the leg cylinder and the arch body are caused to make a decelerating turn corresponding to the revolution movement by interlocking with the rotation of the globe body. The operation can be seen at a glance, and based on this, the weather phenomena on the earth can be easily understood, and it has a very excellent utility value as a science teaching material.

Moreover, since the speed reducing mechanism is provided outside the globe, and the globe itself is a hollow body having no light source inside, the globe body can be easily manufactured and the globe body alone can be easily attached and detached. , When the map is rewritten, the economic utility value can be increased by replacing the globe itself.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 to 4 show an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1 is a side view showing the whole globe, FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a main part, and FIG.
The figure is a plan view of the base plate and the plate portion. FIG. 4 is a development view showing details of the calendar displayed on the plate portion. 1 ... Globe main body, 2 ... Bow body 3a, 3b ... Support shaft, 4 ... Bearing hole 5 ... Support shaft, 6 ... Base plate 7 ... Leg tube body, 8 ... Gabox 9 ... Plate part, 10 ... Calendar 11,12 ... Reduction mechanism, 13, 14 ... Bevel gear 15 ... Rotating sleeve, 16 ... Pinion 17 ... Inner circumference gear, 18 ... Planetary gear O ... Inclined ground axis, Sn ...... Sun display

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A globe body, which is a hollow body rotatably supported on an arch body around an inclined ground axis and has no light source inside, and a base plate which rotatably supports the arch body via an upright support shaft. And a leg tube body that is rotatably mounted around the support shaft and is integrated with the arch body, and a rotation of the globe body that is provided outside the globe body and that rotates the earth on the leg tube body. And a revolution mechanism for decelerating and transmitting at a ratio corresponding to the ratio of the revolution to the revolution.