JPH06344953A - Electric vehicle floor structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve the mounting performance of a battery and the stability in the side surface collision and reduce the weight of a car body. CONSTITUTION:The member unit of an upper part floor 1 has the left and right side members 5, front cross members 6 at the front and rear, rear cross members 7, lattice shaped center member 8, and a partitioning member 9, and a side shill 12 is installed on the side member 5. The member unit 15 of a lower part floor 13 has the left and right side frames 16, front frame 17, rear frame 18, lattice shaped center frame 19, and a partitioning frame 20, and an extension frame 22 is installed on the center frame 19 through a bracket 20A, closely to the near center part in the longitudinal direction. The extension frame 22 is fixed in the vicinity of the center pillar SP installation part of the side shill 12, and the lower part floor 13 is installed on the upper part floor 1.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a floor structure of an electric vehicle.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For mounting a battery as a drive source used in an electric vehicle, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 47-313.
The structure shown in Japanese Patent No. 18 is known.

In this structure, a battery storage frame is provided by utilizing side members forming a frame of an automobile, cross members, and vertical brackets connecting them, and the battery is stored and fixed in the battery storage frame. It is something.

[0004]

However, in the above-mentioned conventional structure, when mounting or replacing the battery, while aligning each battery with respect to the battery storage frame body in the front-rear, left-right direction, There is a problem that the workability is poor because the fixing work must be performed in a narrow space below.

Further, for example, in the case of a side collision of a vehicle, an impact force may directly act on the battery,
Even in such a case, it is necessary to increase the strength of the battery and the battery housing frame so as to prevent liquid leakage of the battery, resulting in a problem that the vehicle weight is significantly increased.

Therefore, according to the present invention, the floor structure of an electric vehicle can improve the workability of mounting the battery and the workability of exchanging the battery, and can reduce the weight of the vehicle body while ensuring the safety in the case of a side collision. Is provided.

[0007]

A floor structure of an electric vehicle having a lower floor divided from the upper floor below the upper floor, the upper floor having side members and side sills on the outside thereof, and the lower floor. A battery mounting portion is provided by members arranged in a grid pattern, and a frame that is detachably attached to a side member on the upper floor is provided around the mounting portion. Is provided with an extension frame that extends outward and is detachably attached near the center pillar attachment portion of the side sill.

[0008]

[Function] When mounting the battery, set the battery on the mounting portion formed by the members on the lower floor,
Attach the lower floor to the upper floor. When jacking up the upper floor prior to this installation work, it is possible to use the front and rear ends of the side sill where the extension frame does not exist as the support points, and the work can be performed without affecting the elevation of the lower floor. .

Further, since the load of the battery acting from the lower floor acts on the entire side portion of the vehicle body through the side sill, the center pillar and the side frame by the extension frame, the components of the upper floor can be made relatively lightweight. The extension frame receives the impact load at the time of a side collision of the vehicle from the side sill through the center pillar on the entire side of the vehicle body and ensures the protection of the battery.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the floor portion of the electric vehicle is divided into an upper floor 1 and a lower floor 13 that is attached to the lower portion of the upper floor 1 at a predetermined distance, and has a double floor structure. There is.

As shown in FIG. 4, the upper floor 1 is composed of a plate-shaped panel body 2 and a member unit 3 attached to the lower surface of the panel body 2. The panel body 2 has a length ranging from the engine room on the front side to the spare tire storage section 4 in the trunk room on the rear side. The member unit 3 includes side members 5 arranged on both sides of the vehicle body from the engine room to the trunk room and having a closed cross-section structure made of, for example, aluminum extruded material.

A front cross member 6 is provided in the vehicle width direction between the side members 5 in the rear portion of the engine room, and a rear cross member 7 is provided in the vehicle width direction between the side members 5 in the front portion of the trunk room.

Both ends of a center member 8 having a hat-shaped cross-section are attached to the center portion of the front cross member 6 and the center portion of the rear cross member 7, and the side members 5 extend from the side wall of the center member 8 to the inside of each side member 5. Toward the wall, three pairs of partition members 9 each having an upwardly opening hat-shaped cross section are attached. The center member 8, the partition member 9, the side member 5, the front cross member 6, and the rear cross member 7 form a compartment 11A for the battery 10. Here, a side sill 12 having a closed cross-section structure made of, for example, an aluminum extruded material is attached to the outer wall of the side member 5 via an outrigger 5A.

On the other hand, the lower floor 13 is composed of a plate-shaped panel body 14 and a member unit 15 attached to the upper surface of the panel body 14 as shown in FIG. The panel body 14 includes the front cross member 6 to the rear cross member 7 of the member unit 3 on the upper floor 1.
Is a plate-shaped member having a length up to.

The member unit 15 is provided with side frames 16 as frames on both sides, and a front frame 17 as a frame is provided in front of and behind the side frames 16, respectively.
A rear frame 18 is provided. Here, the side frame 16, the front frame 17, and the rear frame 1
8 are each formed in a closed cross-section structure.

A center frame 19 as a member is mounted between the middle of the front frame 17 and the middle of the rear frame 18.
Partition frames 20 as three pairs of members are attached from the side walls of the side walls 16 to the inner side walls of the side frames 16. Here, the center frame 19 and the partition frame 20 are each formed in a hat-shaped cross-section that opens downward.

The side frame 16 of the lower floor 13
2nd and 3rd partition frames from the front side (FR)
A bracket 20A extending outward is provided on an extension line of 0, and an extension frame 22 located outside the side frame 16 is attached to the bracket 20A.
The extension frame 22 corresponds to a position near the center pillar attachment portion of the side sill 12 of the upper floor 1.

The center frame 19 and the partition frame 20 are composed of the center member 8 and the partition member 9, respectively.
These center frames 1 are provided corresponding to the positions of
9 and the partition frame 20, the side frame 16, the front frame 17, and the rear frame 18 form a compartment 11B for the battery 10.

The mounting portion 11A of the upper floor 1 and the mounting portion 11B of the lower floor 13 constitute the mounting portion 11 of the battery 10.

As shown in FIG. 3, one battery 10 is placed on each of the last two mounting portions 11, and two batteries 10 are placed on each of the other mounting portions 11.

With the battery 10 placed on each of the placing portions 11B of the lower floor 13 thus constructed, as shown in FIGS.
6, the front frame 17, the rear partition frame 20, and the extension frame 22 respectively include a side member 5, a front cross member 6, and a rear partition member 9 of the upper floor 1.
The side sill 12 is tightened and fixed by bolts and nuts 21, and the battery 10 is stored in the mounting portion 11 described above.

Here, as shown in FIG. 1, the cross-sectional areas of the center frame 19, side frame 16, front frame 17, rear frame 18, partition frame 20 and extension frame 22 of the lower floor 13 are the same as those of the upper floor 1. It is larger than the corresponding member, and has strength and rigidity that can withstand the battery 10 when it is separated from the upper floor 1 and loaded with the battery 10.

Next, the operation will be described.

As shown in FIG. 1, when the lower floor 13 is attached to the upper floor 1, the battery 10
When the replacement work is performed, first, the front end and the rear end of the side sill 12 of the upper floor 1 are jacked to jack up the vehicle body. At this time, since the extension frame 22 of the lower floor 13 is attached near the center pillar attachment portion of the side sill 12, the extension frame 22 does not exist at the front end or the rear end of the side sill 12, and thus the extension frame 22 is not present. You can jack up without hitting 22,
The lower floor 13 can be lowered without any trouble.

Next, when the bolts and nuts 21 are removed to separate the lower floor 13 from the upper floor 1 and the lower floor 13 is lowered, all the batteries 10 are exposed on the respective mounting portions 11B of the lower floor 13. Therefore, in this state, the battery 1
0 is removed from each mounting portion 11B and replaced with a new one.
At this time, the new battery 10 can be accurately positioned by simply accommodating it in the mounting portion 11B of the lower floor 13, so that the positioning operation becomes extremely easy and can be performed quickly.

When the battery 10 is replaced,
When the lower floor 13 is lifted and tightened and fixed to the upper floor 1 with the bolts and nuts 21, the battery replacement work is completed.

When the lower floor 13 is attached to the upper floor 1, the extension frame 22 of the lower floor 13 is the side sill 12 of the upper floor 1 and is attached to the side sill 12 near the center pillar attachment portion. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 5, the load transmitted from the extension frame 22 to the side sill 12 is transmitted from the center pillar SP to the vehicle body side portion via the roof side rail RS, and thus the load of the battery 10 is transmitted to the vehicle body side. Can be received by the entire department.

As a result, the center member 8 and the like constituting the upper floor 1 can be made smaller and lighter and the cruising range can be extended.

6 and 7 show the experimental results on the vehicle body bending rigidity and the vehicle body torsional rigidity when the extending frame 22 is fixed to the side sill 12.

FIG. 6 shows the case where the extension frame 22 is not provided and the case where the extension frame 22 is provided and attached to the side sill 12 by fixing the front and rear wheel centers to each other. The results of comparing the bending deformation amounts of the side members 5 are shown. In the figure, the bending characteristics of the side member 5 when the extension frame 22 is attached to the side sill 12 are indicated by a and the bending characteristics of the side sill 12 are indicated by c, respectively, and the bending characteristics of the side member 5 when the extension frame 22 is not provided. Is indicated by b, and the bending characteristic of the side sill 12 is indicated by d. According to this, it is proved that both the side sill 12 and the side member 5 have a smaller deformation amount when the extension frame 22 is attached to the side sill 12.

FIG. 7 shows that the extension frame 22 is attached to the side sill 12 when the rear wheel center is restrained and the extension frame 22 is not provided (indicated by f in the figure). The results of comparison of the twist angle with the case (shown by e in the figure) are shown. According to this, it was proved that the torsion angle at the front wheel center was smaller when the extension frame 22 was attached to the side sill 12.

Also, with the battery 10 mounted, the periphery of the battery 10 is the side frame 1 of the lower floor 13.
6, the front frame 17, the rear frame 18, and the side frame 16, the front frame 17, and the front frame 17, which are attached to the rear frame 18, are surrounded by the side member 5, the front cross member 6, and the rear cross member 7, so that a side collision occurs. Etc., the battery 10 can be protected. In particular, since the extension frame 22 is located outside the vehicle body and is fixed to the side sill 12, the side sill 12 is not locally deformed by the input load acting at the time of a side collision, and thus the extension frame 22 is provided. The entire side portion of the vehicle body can fully share the load through the, so that damage to the vehicle body can be suppressed to a minimum.

In addition, a lower floor 13 is attached below the upper floor 1 to form a double floor structure.
Since the battery 10 is placed over the entire surface of the vehicle, the strength and rigidity of the vehicle body can be increased.

[0034]

As described above, according to the present invention, the extension frame of the lower floor is the side sill of the upper floor and is attached near the center pillar attachment portion of the side sill. The load transmitted from the side sill to the side sill is transmitted to the vehicle body side portion via the center pillar, and therefore, the load of the battery can be received by the entire vehicle body side portion. As a result, the members constituting the upper floor can be reduced in size and weight, and the cruising range can be extended.

Also, since the lower floor is attached to the upper floor, the battery is surrounded by the frame of the lower floor, and the extension frame is attached to the side sill and located on the side of the vehicle body. The battery can be protected by the frame and the side sill itself, and the impact load can be received by the entire side portion of the vehicle body as described above, and the load acting on the battery can be reduced.

Since the extension frame is removably attached near the center pillar attachment portion of the side sill, the lower surfaces of the front and rear ends of the side sill can be used as the support points of the jacks for battery replacement work and the like. The lifting work of the lower floor can be facilitated.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 2 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing a state of superposition on an upper floor and a lower floor.

FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of a lower floor.

FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of an upper floor.

FIG. 5 is a side view of the vehicle body.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a deformation amount.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a twist angle.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Upper floor 5 ... Side member 10 ... Battery 11 ... Mounting part 12 ... Side sill 13 ... Lower floor 16 ... Side frame (frame) 17 ... Front frame (frame) 18 ... Rear frame (frame) 19 ... Center frame (member) ) 20 ... Partition frame (member) 22 ... Extending frame SP ... Center pillar

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A floor structure of an electric vehicle having an upper floor and a lower floor divided from the upper floor, the upper floor having side members and side sills on the outside thereof, and the lower floor having a lattice shape. A battery mounting portion is provided by the member placed in the, and a frame detachably attached to the side member of the upper floor is provided around the mounting portion. A floor structure for an electric vehicle, comprising: an extension frame that extends and is detachably attached near the center pillar attachment portion of the side sill.