JP7520579B2 - Roof structure - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a roof structure.

The following Patent Document 1 shows a roof structure in which diagonal braces are connected to columns that support and suspend rigid beams.

JP 2003-268915 A

The pillars in Patent Document 1 are not normally subjected to tensile forces from the rigid beams. However, when there is snowfall, etc., tensile forces (thrust forces) act on the pillars from the rigid beams. Therefore, in order to handle this thrust force, backstays are connected to the pillars. The upper end of the backstay is connected to the top of the pillar, extends diagonally downward, and the lower end is connected to the ground, etc.

However, such backstays cross the space around the pillars diagonally, making it difficult to effectively utilize the space around the pillars.

Taking the above facts into consideration, the present invention aims to provide a roof structure that can effectively utilize the space around the pillars on which thrust forces act.

The roof structure of claim 1 comprises: pillars arranged in parallel facing each other and erected from a lower structure; roof members that are erected on the pillars and curve upward or downward to transmit thrust forces to the pillars ; planar structural members that are connected to the outside of the pillars and extend horizontally, receiving the thrust force as an in-plane horizontal force; and an earthquake-resistant element that is arranged between the lower structure and the planar structural member at a position spaced from the pillars and transmits the horizontal force transmitted to the planar structural member to the lower structure.

In the roof structure described in claim 1, thrust force is transmitted from the roof member curved upward or downward to the support pillar. A planar structural member is connected to the support pillar, and this planar structural member receives the thrust force as a horizontal force in the in-plane direction. This horizontal force is transmitted to the substructure by the seismic element.

In this way, the thrust force transmitted to the pillars is transmitted to the substructure via the horizontally extending planar structural members and earthquake-resistant elements. For this reason, there is no need to attach backstays or other components extending diagonally to the pillars. This makes it possible to effectively utilize the space around the pillars where the thrust force acts. For example, living space or facility space can be constructed around the pillars.

In addition, the thrust force handling mechanism can be used in conjunction with the planar structural members and earthquake-resistant elements, eliminating the need for backstays and other components, simplifying the roof structure.

The roof structure of claim 2 is the roof structure of claim 1, in which the planar structural members are horizontal structures made of slabs or beams and horizontal braces attached to the horizontal structures, and the earthquake-resistant elements are earthquake-resistant walls extending in the installation direction of the roof members, or column-beam structures with the installation direction of the roof members as the structural direction and vertical braces attached to the column-beam structures.

In the roof structure described in claim 2, thrust forces can be resisted by the slab or horizontal brace and the earthquake-resistant wall or vertical brace. In other words, thrust forces can be handled by ordinary members that make up the building, without the need for a special structure to handle thrust forces.

The roof structure of claim 3 is the roof structure of claim 1 or claim 2, in which the cross-sectional area of the portion of the support where the surface structural member is joined is larger than the cross-sectional area of the other portions.

The portion of the support where the planar structural member is joined receives a reaction force from the planar structural member. Therefore, stress is concentrated in this portion. In the roof structure of claim 3, the cross-sectional area of this portion is made larger than the cross-sectional area of the other portions. This allows the thrust force to be efficiently handled.
The roof structure of claim 4 is the roof structure described in claim 2, in which a pillar is erected between the beam and the substructure in the planar structural member at a position spaced from the support, and the earthquake-resistant element stiffens the structural surface of the frame formed by the beam, the pillar and the substructure.
A roof structure according to a fifth aspect of the present invention is the roof structure according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, wherein the planar structural members are arranged in two layers, one above the other.
A roof structure according to a sixth aspect of the present invention is the roof structure according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, in which the planar structural member and the earthquake-resistant element are provided on only one side of the roof member.

This invention makes it possible to effectively utilize the space around the support pillar on which the thrust force acts.

FIG. 1 is an elevational sectional view showing a roof structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a roof structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. 1A is a partially enlarged elevational view showing a column joint in a roof structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 1A is a partially enlarged elevational view showing a modified example of a column joint in a roof structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG.

Below, a roof structure according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Components indicated with the same reference numerals in each drawing are the same components. However, unless otherwise specified in the specification, each component is not limited to one, and may exist in multiples. Also, explanations of configurations and reference numerals that are duplicated in each drawing may be omitted. Note that the present invention is not limited to the following embodiment, and can be implemented with appropriate modifications, such as omitting configurations or replacing them with different configurations, within the scope of the purpose of the present invention.

<Roof structure>
Fig. 1 shows an example of a roof structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in this figure, the roof structure is constructed above a substructure 10 and is formed with supports 20 (columns 22 and 24), a roof member 30, a planar structural member 40, and an earthquake-resistant element 50. In this embodiment, the substructure 10 is a structure including the foundation of the roof structure. In this specification, the roof structure and the substructure 10 shown in Fig. 1 may be collectively referred to as a building.

(Support)
The pillars 20 are support structures that support the roof members 30. The pillars 20 are also a collective term for a pair of pillars 22 and 24 that are erected from the lower structure 10 and arranged opposite each other. In this specification, the opposing direction of the pillars 22 and 24 may be referred to as the X direction. The X direction may also be referred to as the installation direction or span direction of the roof members 30.

As shown in FIG. 2, columns 22 and columns 24 are arranged in parallel at a predetermined interval in a direction intersecting with the X direction. In this specification, the direction intersecting with the X direction may be referred to as the Y direction. The X direction and the Y direction are approximately perpendicular to each other.

The column 22 is a steel column formed, for example, of an H-shaped steel. As shown in FIG. 1, the upper end portion (capital) 22A of the column 22 is joined to the upper end portion of the backstay 26. The lower end portion (base) of the backstay 26 is embedded (embedded) in the substructure 10. The backstay 26 extends in the X direction and toward the outside of the column 22.

In this specification, the "outside" of column 22 refers to the side opposite column 24 when viewed from column 22. Similarly, the "outside" of column 24 refers to the side opposite column 22 when viewed from column 24. "Inside" refers to the side opposite "outside."

The backstay 26 is a diagonal brace for resisting the thrust force acting on the column 22 from the roof member 30 (in this embodiment, the tensile force toward the inside of the column 22). For the backstay, various materials capable of resisting tensile forces, such as H-shaped steel, round steel, square steel pipes, and wires, can be used.

The column 24 is a steel column made of, for example, H-shaped steel (so-called built H-shaped steel). The column 24 is formed so that its cross-sectional area (cross-sectional area cut along a horizontal plane) changes in the vertical direction. Specifically, the upper end (capital) 24A and lower end (base) 24B of the column 24 have smaller cross-sectional areas than the other parts. In addition, the part of the column 24 where the planar structural member 40 is joined (joint 24C) has a larger cross-sectional area than the part on the upper end 24A side and the part on the lower end 24B side of the joint 24C.

The lower ends of the columns 22 and 24 can be fixed to the substructure 10 by various fixing methods according to the required degree of fixation. Examples of various fixing methods include fixing using exposed column bases, fixing using embedded column bases, and fixing using root-wrapped column bases.

Figures 3(A) and (B) show an example of a joint 24C in a column 24. In the joint 24C, a steel stiffener S is placed on the extension line of the upper flange and the lower flange of the beam 42. The stiffener S is a stiffening plate material that is welded to the web and flange of the column 24 to stiffen the column 24.

In addition, the column 24 may be formed not of H-shaped steel but of, for example, a square steel pipe or a CFT (Concrete Filled Steel Tube), as shown in Figures 4(A) and (B). In this case, it is preferable to provide a diaphragm D at the joint 24C on the extension line of the upper flange and the lower flange of the beam 42. The diaphragm D may be a through diaphragm, an outer diaphragm, an inner diaphragm, etc.

(Roofing material)
As shown in Fig. 2, the roof member 30 is formed with an H-shaped steel girder 32 and a minor girder 34. As shown in Fig. 1, both ends of the girder 32 are joined to the columns 22 and 24, respectively. The portions of the girder 32 other than both ends are not supported by other structural members.

For this reason, the girder 32 is positioned with both ends supported and the center curved downward (curved downward as if concave when viewed from the side). In other words, the girder 32 is a member of a suspended structure with both ends supported by the columns 22 and 24.

As shown in FIG. 2, the small beams 34 are connecting beams that span adjacent girders 32. A plurality of small beams 34 are arranged at a predetermined interval in the X direction. These girders 32 and small beams 34 form the roof member 30 into a lattice-like structure. Note that braces or the like may be placed on the structural surface surrounded by the girders 32 and small beams 34 to increase the in-plane rigidity. In addition, a plate-shaped roof material (not shown) is laid above the girders 32 and small beams 34.

(Surface structural members)
As shown in Fig. 1, the planar structural member 40 is formed with a beam 42 and a slab 44. The planar structural member 40 is arranged in two layers, one above the other. The beam 42 is formed of an H-shaped steel and extends to the outside of the column 24. One end of the beam 42 is joined to the column 24, and the other end is joined to the column 27. The column 27 is an H-shaped steel column erected from the substructure 10 outside the column 24.

A slab 44 is installed on the beams 42. The slab 44 is a slab made of concrete, and can transmit stress between the beams 42 and the slab 44. As a means for transmitting stress, for example, a stud bolt welded to the beams 42 can be used.

The slab 44 can be a composite slab made by integrating steel plates such as deck plates with concrete. In addition, the concrete can be cast in place or precast concrete such as ALC panels can be used partially or entirely.

The beams 42 and the slabs 44 are formed within a structural plane that is perpendicular to the extension direction (up-down direction, approximately vertical direction) of the columns 24, i.e., along the lateral direction (approximately horizontal direction). As shown in FIG. 2, the slab 44 is disposed across multiple beams 42. Therefore, a space that expands in the X and Y directions is formed above the slab 44.

If the space above the beams 42 is not used as a walking space, it is not necessary to place a slab 44. For example, a small beam and horizontal brace (not shown) may be installed between adjacent beams 42, and a slab 44 may not be installed. The horizontal brace extends in a direction intersecting the X direction and Y direction, for example, so as to connect the joints between the beams 42 and the small beams. In this case, the horizontal structure formed by the beams 42 and the small beams and the horizontal brace are collectively referred to as planar structural members.

In addition, if the slab 44 is constructed using a structure that does not require beams (such as a flat slab), the beams 42 may be omitted. In other words, the planar structural member 40 of the present invention only needs to be capable of transmitting stress within a substantially horizontal plane.

(earthquake-resistant elements)
The earthquake-resistant elements 50 are earthquake-resistant braces (vertical braces) arranged between adjacent beams 42 in the vertical direction, or between the beams 42 and the substructure 10. Columns 28 are erected between adjacent beams 42 in the vertical direction, or between the beams 42 and the substructure 10. The earthquake-resistant elements 50 stiffen the structural plane H of the column-beam frame formed by the beams 42 or the substructure 10 and the columns 28, and can resist earthquake forces. The structural plane H is a structural plane that runs along the installation direction (X direction) of the roof member 30.

As shown in FIG. 2, multiple beams 42 and columns 28 are arranged in the Y direction. Therefore, multiple structural planes H are also arranged in the Y direction. The earthquake-resistant elements 50 can be arranged on any of these structural planes H. In other words, it is not necessary to arrange the earthquake-resistant elements 50 on all structural planes H. Furthermore, the earthquake-resistant elements 50 may be earthquake-resistant walls (not shown) instead of or in addition to earthquake-resistant braces. Note that this earthquake-resistant wall can employ various structures such as reinforced concrete and steel plates. In other words, the structure of the earthquake-resistant wall is not particularly limited.

Note that, although FIG. 1 shows an example in which the beam 42 is a through beam and the column 28 is joined to the beam 42, the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the column 28 may be a through column, and the beam 42 may be joined to the column 28.

<Action and Effects>
In the roof structure according to the embodiment of the present invention, as shown by the arrow T in Fig. 1, a thrust force is transmitted from the downwardly curved roof member 30 to the support columns 20 (columns 22 and 24). Of these support columns 20, a beam 42 and a slab 44 serving as a planar structural member 40 are connected to the column 24. This planar structural member 40 receives the thrust force as a horizontal force in the in-plane direction (in the plane along the X and Y directions). This horizontal force is transmitted to the substructure 10 by the seismic element 50.

In this way, the thrust force transmitted to the column 24 is transmitted to the substructure 10 by the planar structural member 40 and the seismic element 50. Therefore, there is no need to attach a backstay or the like that extends diagonally to the column 24. This makes it possible to effectively utilize the space around the column 24 on which the thrust force acts, for example, the space above the slab 44.

In addition, the thrust force handling mechanism can be combined with the planar structural member 40 and the seismic element 50, eliminating the need for backstays and the like, simplifying the roof structure.

In addition, in the roof structure according to the embodiment of the present invention, thrust forces can be resisted by the planar structural members 40 (slabs 44 or horizontal braces) and the seismic elements 50 (seismic braces or seismic walls). In other words, thrust forces can be handled by the general members that make up the building, without the need for a special structure to handle thrust forces.

Furthermore, in the roof structure according to the embodiment of the present invention, the cross-sectional area of the portion (joint portion 24C) where the beam 42 of the surface structural member 40 is joined to the column 24 is formed to be larger than the cross-sectional area of the other portions.

The portion of the column 24 where the planar structural member 40 is joined receives a reaction force from the planar structural member 40. As a result, stress is concentrated in this portion. In the roof structure according to this embodiment, the cross-sectional area of this portion is made larger than the cross-sectional area of the other portions, and is further stiffened by a stiffener S or a diaphragm D. This allows thrust forces to be handled efficiently.

In this embodiment, the girder 32 of the roof member 30 is a suspended member with a central portion curved downward, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this.

For example, the girder 32 may be an arch-structured member with a central portion curved upward (curved upward when viewed from the side). In this case, the thrust force acts from the roof member 30 to the columns 22 and 24 in the opposite direction to the direction indicated by the arrow T (to the outside of the columns 22 and 24).

In this case, it is preferable that the backstay 26 is made of a material that can resist compressive forces. Examples of materials that can resist compressive forces include H-shaped steel, rectangular steel pipes (CFT), and concrete. Alternatively, the backstay 26 that can resist tensile forces may be extended toward the inside of the column 22.

In addition, in this embodiment, the backstay 26 is provided on the column 22, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this. A planar structural member 40 may also be joined to the column 22, and the planar structural member 40 and the lower structure 10 may be further connected with an earthquake-resistant element 50. In this way, the space around the column 22 can also be effectively utilized.

In addition, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, a roof is not installed between pillars 24 and 27, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this. For example, a roof may be installed between pillars 24 and 27.

In this case, the roof spanning between columns 24 and 27 can be, as an example, a suspended roof, similar to roof member 30. The span between columns 24 and 27 is smaller than the span between columns 24 and 22. In other words, the weight of the roof spanning between columns 24 and 27 is lighter than the weight of roof member 30.

For this reason, even if a suspended roof is erected between columns 24 and 27, the thrust force acting on column 24 will act in the direction of arrow T. Therefore, even if a roof with this type of structure is formed, the planar structural member 40 and earthquake-resistant element 50 can effectively handle the thrust force.

The roof spanning between columns 24 and 27 does not need to be a suspended structure. For example, the roof may be a rigid frame structure with beams joined to columns 24 and 27, to which a roof slab is spanned. Earthquake-resistant elements 50 can also be joined to the beams. Furthermore, this roof can function as a planar structural member in the present invention. In the present invention, the "horizontal direction" includes a state in which the roof has a slope that is approximately the same as the water gradient formed on the roof.

10 Lower structure 20 Pillar 22 Pillar (pillar)
24 Pillars (supports)
30 Roof member 32 Beam (roof member)
40 Planar structural member 44 Slab (planar structural member)
50 Earthquake-resistant elements

Claims (6)

A plurality of columns are arranged in parallel and opposed to each other, the columns being erected from the lower structure;
A roof member that is installed on the support and curves upward or downward to transmit a thrust force to the support ;
a planar structural member that is connected to the outer side of the support column and extends in a horizontal direction, and receives the thrust force as a horizontal force in a plane direction;
a seismic element provided between the lower structure and the planar structural member at a position spaced from the support column, the seismic element transmitting a horizontal force transmitted to the planar structural member to the lower structure;
A roof structure having: The planar structural member is a horizontal frame composed of a slab or a beam and a horizontal brace provided on the horizontal frame,
The earthquake-resistant element is a seismic wall extending in the erection direction of the roof member, or a column-beam structure with the erection direction of the roof member as the structural direction and a vertical brace provided on the column-beam structure,
The roof structure of claim 1. The cross-sectional area of the portion of the support to which the planar structural member is joined is larger than the cross-sectional area of the other portion.
A roof structure according to claim 1 or 2. A pillar is erected between the beam and the lower structure of the planar structural member at a position spaced apart from the support pillar,
The seismic element stiffens the structural surface of the frame formed by the beam, the column, and the substructure.
The roof structure of claim 2. The planar structural members are arranged in two layers, one above the other.
A roof structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4. The planar structural member and the seismic element are provided on only one side of the roof member.
A roof structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5.