JP7561821B2 - 感染に対する免疫応答を評価するためのシステムおよび方法 - Google Patents
感染に対する免疫応答を評価するためのシステムおよび方法 Download PDFInfo
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Description
本出願は、米国特許商標庁への2019年7月12日出願の「systems and methods for evaluating immune response to infection」と題された仮特許出願第62/873,575号に関連し、この仮出願に基づく利益を主張している。
敗血症は、感染に対する宿主応答の調節異常に起因する生命を脅かす臓器機能不全である。敗血症は、世界的な健康管理の危機であり、毎年世界で3000万人より多くの人に影響を及ぼす。敗血症の発症は、年率1.5%で増加しているため、重要な世界的な健康管理の関心事となっている。敗血症は、死亡率が高く、前立腺がん、乳がん、およびHIV/AIDSを合わせたものより多くの個体を死亡させる。
一部の態様では、本開示は、細胞集団パラメーターの変形形態を評価するためのシステムに関する。システムは、複数の細胞を含有する液体の流れが通過するフローセルを含み得る。システムは、細胞がフローセルを通過する場合、光源、および光散乱を検出するための1つまたは複数のセンサーを含み得る。1つまたは複数のセンサーは、上方中角光散乱(upper median angle light scatter)(UMALS)を検出するためのセンサーを含み得る。システムは、1つまたは複数の光散乱の測定値に少なくとも部分的に基づいて無核赤血球(NNRBC)を同定するためのプロセッサーを含み得る。プロセッサーは、複数の同定されたNNRBCに対してUMALSセンサーの1つまたは複数の測定値をさらに収集することができる。プロセッサーは、複数の同定されたNNRBCに対してUMALSの測定値に対する標準偏差を計算することができる。
目的を実現するための従来の努力により、敗血症に対する診断検査は、血液学的細胞分析を含む。異常な白血球数(WBC)は、多くの場合、感染に関連するが、敗血症に特異的ではない。より近年では、未成熟な顆粒細胞のような他の細胞集団の評価が、患者が敗血症を有するか、または敗血症を発症している可能性を評価するのに考慮すべき要因として提案されている。他の提案として、敗血症の潜在的な指標として、単球の体積分布幅または好中球の体積分布幅のような細胞集団パラメーターを調べることが挙げられる。これらの血液学的アプローチは、単球、リンパ球、および好中球を含む白血球に焦点を合わせる傾向があり、これは、感染に対する免疫応答に関与することが公知である。
しかし、本発明者らは、驚くべきことに、NNRBCに対するUMALSの測定値の標準偏差(NNRBC-UMALS-SD)もまた、敗血症を予測し得ることを見出した。図5に示す通り、NNRBC-UMALS-SDは、健康な患者と比較して敗血症の患者において顕著に異なり、全身性炎症反応症候群(SIRS)または感染を有するが敗血症ではない患者と区別可能である。
Claims (13)
- 感染に対する炎症応答を特徴付けるための方法であって、
a.フローセルを通して体液試料を流すこと;
b.前記フローセル内の前記体液試料中の複数の細胞を照射すること;
c.少なくとも上方中角光散乱(UMALS)を含む、前記複数の細胞の個々の細胞からの光散乱を測定すること;
d.前記光散乱の測定値に少なくとも部分的に基づいて、前記複数の細胞内の前記個々の細胞を同定すること;および
e.細胞集団パラメーターとして前記UMALSの測定値を分析すること
を含み、前記細胞集団パラメーターが、無核赤血球として同定された細胞に対する上方中角光散乱の測定値の標準偏差(NNRBC-UMALS-SD)であり、前記NNRBC-UMALS-SDが45未満である場合、感染に対する前記炎症応答が異常であることを示す、方法。 - 前記体液試料が、全血である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 細胞集団パラメーターが、無核赤血球(NNRBC)として分類された前記複数の細胞由来の細胞に対して分析される、請求項1または請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記NNRBC-UMALS-SDが43未満である場合、感染に対する前記炎症応答が異常であることを示す、請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記体液試料内の単球の集団に対して測定された体積の分布幅(MDW)がMDW基準範囲内にあるか否かを決定することをさらに含む、請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記NNRBC-UMALS-SDがNNRBC-UMALS-SD基準範囲外にあり、前記MDWがMDW基準範囲外にある場合、感染に対する前記炎症応答が異常であることを示す、請求項5に記載の方法。
- 前記NNRBC-UMALS-SDが43未満であり、単球の体積の前記分布幅が19チャネルより大きい場合、感染に対する前記炎症応答が異常であることを示す、請求項5~6のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記体液試料中の白血球細胞数(WBC)が、正常基準範囲内であるか否かを決定することをさらに含む、請求項1~6のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記NNRBC-UMALS-SDが43未満であり、前記WBCが4,000細胞/mm3未満であるか、または12,000細胞/mm3より多い場合、感染に対する前記炎症応答が異常であることを示す、請求項8に記載の方法。
- a.NNRBC-UMALS-SD、MDW、およびWBCを決定すること;
b.前記NNRBC-UMALS-SD、前記MDW、および前記WBCの各々をそれぞれの基準範囲と比較すること;
c.少なくとも前記NNRBC-UMALS-SD、前記MDW、および前記WBCの組合せが、感染に対する前記炎症応答を特徴付けるために提供されること
を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。 - 前記NNRBC-UMALS-SDがNNRBC-UMALS-SD基準範囲外にあり、前記MDWがMDW基準範囲外にあり、前記WBCがWBC基準範囲外にある場合、感染に対する前記炎症応答が異常であることを示す、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 局所決定の規則が、前記NNRBC-UMALS-SD、前記MDW、および前記WBCがそれぞれの基準範囲内にすべてがあるわけではない、またはすべてがそれぞれの基準範囲外にある場合、前記感染に対する炎症応答を特徴付けるために適用される、請求項10~11のいずれかに記載の方法。
- a.請求項1~12のいずれかに記載の方法の前記フローセルを通過する細胞に起因する少なくとも上方中角光散乱(UMALS)を測定するためのトランスデューサーモジュール;および
b.請求項1~12のいずれかに記載の方法を実行するための非一時的なコンピューター可読媒体上の命令とともに構成されるプロセッサー
を含む、システム。
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