JP7377381B2 - 炭素を原料ガス反応器に再循環させる方法 - Google Patents
炭素を原料ガス反応器に再循環させる方法 Download PDFInfo
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Description
CH4(メタン)+エネルギー →C(炭素)+2H2(水素)
個別の生成物81は、水素ガスであり、個別の生成物82は、炭素であり、望ましくない生成物83は、主として二酸化炭素、窒素および水である。再利用ガス混合物84は、主として、未反応天然ガス、水素、窒素および一酸化炭素で構成されている。
C+H2O→CO+H2
C+CO2→2CO
生成物炭素流135は、炭素活性化器109には差し向けられない生成物炭素の一部分を表している。
C+H2O→CO+H2
排気流330を炭素分離器305から出て水分離器306に入るガス流329と混合する。このようにして、排気流330中の未反応H2Oを水分離器306によって除去し、H2をH2分離器307によって分離し、COを分離器排ガス314に含ませた状態で反応器301に送り戻す。
Claims (21)
- 1つ以上の流体流路を経て燃焼チャンバに流体結合された反応チャンバを有する原料ガス反応器を用いる方法であって、前記方法は、
炭化水素を含む原料ガスを前記反応チャンバ中に導入するステップを含み、
可燃ガスを前記燃焼チャンバ中に導入するステップを含み、
前記燃焼チャンバ内の前記可燃ガスを燃焼させて1種類以上の燃焼生成物ガスを生成するとともに前記1種類以上の燃焼生成物ガスの少なくとも一部分が前記1つ以上の流体流路を経て前記反応チャンバ中に流入して前記原料ガスと混合するようにするステップを含み、前記1種類以上の燃焼生成物ガスの少なくとも一部分と前記原料ガスとの混合の結果として、エネルギーが前記1種類以上の燃焼生成物ガスの少なくとも一部分から前記原料ガスに伝達され、それにより化学反応を生じさせて水素を含む1種類以上の反応生成物ガスの状態に前記原料ガスを分解し、
前記反応チャンバから混合生成物流を取り出すステップを含み、前記混合生成物流は、水素、炭素、および水を含み、
前記燃焼チャンバから出力された1種類以上の酸化ガスを含むベントガス流を発生させるステップを含み、
前記ベントガス流を用いて前記炭素の少なくとも幾分かを活性化するステップを含み、
前記活性化炭素の幾分かを前記原料ガス反応器に再循環させるステップを含む、方法。 - 前記ベントガス流を発生させる前記ステップは、
前記1種類以上の燃焼生成物ガスの少なくとも一部分を前記燃焼チャンバから抜き出すステップを含む、請求項1記載の方法。 - 前記ベントガス流を発生させる前記ステップは、
前記炭素の少なくとも幾分かを前記混合生成物流から分離して炭素欠乏混合生成物流を生じさせるステップと、
1種類以上のガスを前記炭素欠乏混合生成物流から抜き出すステップとを含む、請求項1または2記載の方法。 - 前記炭素の少なくとも幾分かを活性化する前記ステップは、
前記炭素の少なくとも幾分かを前記混合生成物流から分離するステップと、
前記分離した炭素を活性化するステップとを含む、請求項1~3のうちいずれか一に記載の方法。 - 前記炭素の少なくとも幾分かを活性化する前記ステップは、
前記炭素の少なくとも幾分かを前記ベントガス流と反応させるステップを含む、請求項1~4のうちいずれか一に記載の方法。 - 前記炭素の少なくとも幾分かを活性化する前記ステップは、
水を前記ベントガス流で加熱して水蒸気を生じさせるステップと、
前記炭素の少なくとも幾分かを炭素接触器内で前記水蒸気と反応させるステップを含む、請求項1~5のうちいずれか一に記載の方法。 - 前記水を前記ベントガス流で加熱する前記ステップは、
前記水の少なくとも幾分かを前記混合生成物流から分離するステップと、
前記分離した水を前記ベントガス流で加熱するステップとを含む、請求項6記載の方法。 - 前記炭素の少なくとも幾分かを活性化する前記ステップは、
前記炭素の少なくとも幾分かを炭素接触器内で活性化するステップを含む、請求項1~7のうちいずれか一に記載の方法。 - 前記炭素の少なくとも幾分かの前記活性化により生じた排気流を前記炭素接触器から取り出すステップをさらに含む、請求項8記載の方法。
- 前記取り出した排気流を燃やすステップ、および
化学物質または燃料生産のために前記取り出した排気流を用いるステップの1つ以上をさらに含む、請求項9記載の方法。 - 前記排気流は、COおよびH2を含む、請求項9または10記載の方法。
- 前記取り出した排気流の少なくとも幾分かを前記混合生成物流に再循環させるステップをさらに含む、請求項9~11のうちいずれか一に記載の方法。
- 前記方法は、前記炭素の少なくとも幾分かを前記混合生成物流から分離して炭素欠乏混合生成物流を生じさせるステップをさらに含み、
前記取り出した排気流の前記少なくとも幾分かを再循環させる前記ステップは、前記再循環させた排気流を前記炭素欠乏混合生成物流と混ぜ合わせるステップを含む、請求項12記載の方法。 - 膜分離器、高分子膜分離器、パラジウム膜分離器、化学吸着法、圧力スイング吸着法、および温度スイング吸着法の1つ以上を用いて前記水素の少なくとも幾分かを前記混合生成物流から分離するステップをさらに含む、請求項1~13のうちいずれか一に記載の方法。
- システムであって、
原料ガス反応器を含み、前記原料ガス反応器は、
反応チャンバと、
1つ以上の流体流路を経て前記反応チャンバに流体結合された燃焼チャンバと、
点火器とを有し、
前記原料ガス反応器から出入りするガスの流量を制御する弁装置を含み、
次のステップを含む方法を実施するよう構成された1つ以上の制御装置を含み、すなわち、前記方法は、
炭化水素を含む原料ガスを前記反応チャンバ中に導入するよう前記弁装置を制御するステップを含み、
可燃ガスを前記燃焼チャンバ中に導入するよう前記弁装置を制御するステップを含み、
前記点火器を制御して前記燃焼チャンバ内の前記可燃ガスを燃焼させて1種類以上の燃焼生成物ガスを生じさせるとともに前記1種類以上の燃焼生成物ガスが前記1つ以上の流体流路を経て前記反応チャンバ内へ流入して前記原料ガスと混合するようにするステップを含み、前記1種類以上の燃焼生成物ガスと前記原料ガスとの混合の結果として、エネルギーが前記1種類以上の燃焼生成物ガスから前記原料ガスに伝達され、それにより化学反応を生じさせて水素を含む1種類以上の反応生成物ガスの状態に前記原料ガスを分解し、
前記反応チャンバから混合生成物流を取り出すよう前記弁装置を制御するステップを含み、前記混合生成物流は、水素、炭素、および水を含み、
前記燃焼チャンバから出力された1種類以上の酸化ガスを含むベントガス流を発生させるよう前記弁装置を制御するステップを含み、
前記ベントガス流を用いて前記炭素のうちの少なくとも幾分かを活性化するよう前記弁装置を制御するステップを含み、
前記活性化炭素のうちの少なくとも幾分かを前記原料ガス反応器に再循環させるよう前記弁装置を制御するステップを含む、システム。 - 前記炭素のうちの少なくとも幾分かを前記混合生成物流から分離する炭素分離器をさらに含む、請求項15記載のシステム。
- 前記炭素分離器は、サイクロン、焼結金属フィルタ、およびバッグフィルタのうちの1つ以上を含む、請求項16記載のシステム。
- 前記炭素のうちの少なくとも幾分かを活性化する炭素接触器をさらに含む、請求項15~17のうちいずれか一に記載のシステム。
- 前記炭素接触器は、流動層反応器、充填層反応器、および回転キルンのうちの1つ以上を含む、請求項18記載のシステム。
- 前記水素のうちの少なくとも幾分かを前記混合生成物流から分離する水素分離器をさらに含む、請求項15~19のうちいずれか一に記載のシステム。
- 前記水素分離器は、圧力スイング吸着装置である、請求項20記載のシステム。
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| CA3170579A1 (en) | 2022-06-23 |
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