JP7207810B2 - ボイラの効率を向上させるための方法及びシステム - Google Patents
ボイラの効率を向上させるための方法及びシステム Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
- F23J15/022—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/30—Controlling by gas-analysis apparatus
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/48—Sulfur compounds
- B01D53/50—Sulfur oxides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/48—Sulfur compounds
- B01D53/50—Sulfur oxides
- B01D53/501—Sulfur oxides by treating the gases with a solution or a suspension of an alkali or earth-alkali or ammonium compound
- B01D53/502—Sulfur oxides by treating the gases with a solution or a suspension of an alkali or earth-alkali or ammonium compound characterised by a specific solution or suspension
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/10—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation by direct contact with a particulate solid or with a fluid, as a heat transfer medium
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
- F22B37/008—Adaptations for flue-gas purification in steam generators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
- F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
- F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
- F22B37/025—Devices and methods for diminishing corrosion, e.g. by preventing cooling beneath the dew point
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
- F22D1/00—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters
- F22D1/36—Water and air preheating systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/06—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of coolers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/08—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of heaters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
- F23K1/00—Preparation of lump or pulverulent fuel in readiness for delivery to combustion apparatus
- F23K1/04—Heating fuel prior to delivery to combustion apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L15/00—Heating of air supplied for combustion
- F23L15/04—Arrangements of recuperators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J2215/00—Preventing emissions
- F23J2215/20—Sulfur; Compounds thereof
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J2217/00—Intercepting solids
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L2900/00—Special arrangements for supplying or treating air or oxidant for combustion; Injecting inert gas, water or steam into the combustion chamber
- F23L2900/15043—Preheating combustion air by heat recovery means located in the chimney, e.g. for home heating devices
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/30—Technologies for a more efficient combustion or heat usage
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
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Description
HR=100%×((Tgi-TgoAdvX)/(Tgi-TgoSTD)-1)、ここで、
Tgi=煙道ガス入口温度、すなわち、前記空気予熱器に入る煙道ガス混合物の温度、
TgoAdvX=煙道ガス出口温度、すなわち、前記改良された空気予熱器を出る煙道ガス混合物の温度、
TgoSTD=煙道ガス出口温度、すなわち、標準的な空気予熱器を出る煙道ガス混合物の温度。
HR=100%×((Tgi-TgoAdvX)/(Tgi-TgoSTD)-1)、ここで、
Tgi=煙道ガス入口温度、すなわち、前記空気予熱器に入る煙道ガス混合物の温度、
TgoAdvX=煙道ガス出口温度、すなわち、前記改良された空気予熱器を出る煙道ガス混合物の温度、
TgoSTD=煙道ガス出口温度、すなわち、標準的な空気予熱器を出る煙道ガス混合物の温度。
HR=100%×((Tgi-TgoAdvX)/(Tgi-TgoSTD)-1)、ここで、
Tgi=煙道ガス入口温度、すなわち、前記空気予熱器に入る煙道ガス混合物の温度、
TgoAdvX=煙道ガス出口温度、すなわち、前記改良された空気予熱器を出る煙道ガス混合物の温度、
TgoSTD=煙道ガス出口温度、すなわち、標準的な空気予熱器を出る煙道ガス混合物の温度。
Tgi=煙道ガス入口温度、すなわち、前記空気予熱器に入る煙道ガス混合物の温度、
TgoAdvX=煙道ガス出口温度、すなわち、前記改良された空気予熱器を出る煙道ガス混合物の温度、
TgoSTD=煙道ガス出口温度、すなわち、前記標準的な空気予熱器を出る煙道ガス混合物の温度、である。
例えば、Tgi=華氏700度(約摂氏371度)、TgoSTD=華氏300度(約摂氏148度)、及びTgoAdvX=華氏295度(約摂氏146度)である場合、HR=100%×((700-295)/(700-300)-1)=1.25%である。
Claims (5)
- 向上した効率のために、蒸気発生器容器(11)と空気供給システム(13D)と空気予熱器(13)と微粒子除去システム(14)と煙道ガス脱硫システム(17)と煙道ガスの排出煙突(19)とを含む蒸気発生器システム(10)をレトロフィットするための方法であって、前記方法は、
前記空気予熱器(13)と前記微粒子除去システム(14)との間、前記微粒子除去システム(14)と前記煙道ガス脱硫システム(17)との間、及び前記煙道ガス脱硫システム(17)と前記排出煙突(19)との間に位置付けられている熱交換器及びファンを全て除去することと、
前記空気予熱器(13)を出る煙道ガス混合物の温度が前記空気予熱器(13)内における水露点温度以上硫酸露点温度未満である105℃(220°F)~125℃(257°F)の第1の温度(T1)となるように、前記蒸気発生器容器(11)内での燃料の燃焼のために必要な量を超える大きさの第1の量(A1)の空気を供給するように前記空気予熱器(13)への空気供給源(13D)を再構成することと、
蒸気発生器容器(11)と連通しているSO3軽減手段を備え、前記SO3軽減手段は、前記蒸気発生器容器内(11)で生成された煙道ガス混合物内のSO3を軽減するように構成されており、SO3の軽減は前記煙道ガス混合物が前記空気予熱器(13)に入る前に行われる、ことと、
ボイラの効率を維持又は向上するために、前記第1の量(A1)の空気を、従来のシステムの燃焼空気の温度以上であり且つ288℃~399℃(550°F~750°F)である第2の温度(T2)まで加熱するように前記空気予熱器(13)を構成することと、
前記第1の量(A1)の空気の第1の部分(P1)を燃料の燃焼のために前記蒸気発生器容器(11)に供給することと、
前記蒸気発生器容器(11)を出た前記煙道ガス混合物の全て又は一部を前記第1の温度において前記空気予熱器(13)から微粒子除去システム(14)まで直接排出し、それにより前記煙道ガス混合物から微粒子を除去し、第1の処理された煙道ガス混合物(FG1)を生成することと、
前記第1の処理された煙道ガス混合物(FG1)を、微粒子除去システム(14)から煙道ガス脱硫システム(17)内に直接排出し、それにより52℃~60℃の範囲である第3の温度(T3)における第2の処理された煙道ガス混合物(FG2)を、前記煙道ガス脱硫システム(17)内で生成し、前記煙道ガス脱硫システム(17)から排出することと、
煙道ガス再加熱空気としての、前記第1の量(A1)の空気の第2の部分(P2)を、前記煙道ガス脱硫システム(17)から排出された、前記第3の温度(T3)における第2の煙道処理された煙道ガス混合物(FG2)に対して注入し、少なくとも68℃の第4の温度(T4)における第3の処理された煙道ガス混合物(FG3)を生成し、前記第4の温度(T4)において前記排出煙突(19)に入れることと、
を含み、
前記第3の温度(T3)は、前記排出煙突(19)を出る可視プルームを軽減し且つ前記排出煙突(19)内での腐食を軽減する大きさまで、前記煙道ガス再加熱空気が前記第4の温度(T4)を上昇させることを可能にする大きさのものであるとともに、
前記第1の量の空気の第3の部分が、ボイラの始動中に前記微粒子除去システム(14)、前記煙道ガス脱硫システム(17)、及び中間ダクティングの少なくとも1つを選択的に予熱するために使用され、又はボイラの動作中に石炭乾燥設備のために使用され、続いて大気に放出される予熱空気として提供される、
レトロフィット方法。 - 前記煙道ガス脱硫システム(17)と前記排出煙突(19)とを接続している出口ダクトの少なくとも一部を、前記煙道ガス脱硫システム(17)と過剰空気ダクトと前記排出煙突(19)とを接続するマニホルドに置き変える、請求項1に記載のレトロフィット方法。
- 前記蒸気発生器システム(10)は煙道ガス再加熱空気微粒子除去システムをさらに含
み、前記空気予熱器(13)は前記煙道ガス再加熱空気微粒子除去システムを介して前記排出煙突(19)と連通しており、
前記第2の部分(P2)の空気から微粒子汚染物質を除去し、前記微粒子汚染物質は前記空気予熱器(13)内で漏洩した前記煙道ガス混合物から前記第2の部分(P2)の空気に導入されたものである、
請求項1又は2に記載のレトロフィット方法。 - 前記蒸気発生器システム(10)は、前記蒸気発生器容器(11)と前記空気予熱器(13)との間の連通箇所において配置された湿度センサをさらに含み、
前記湿度センサを用いて前記煙道ガス混合物の湿度を測定して、第1の温度の大きさを決定し、且つ/又は
前記蒸気発生器システム(10)は赤外線センサをさらに含み、
前記赤外線センサを用いて前記空気予熱器(13)内の低温端メタル温度を判定し、前記低温端メタル温度を前記水露点温度と比較し、前記低温端メタル温度を前記水露点温度以上であるように制御する、
請求項1~3の何れか1項に記載のレトロフィット方法。 - 前記レトロフィット方法を実施した後の前記蒸気発生器システム(10)の第2の熱効率は、前記レトロフィット方法を実施する前の前記蒸気発生器システム(10)の第1の熱効率と少なくとも同程度に大きい、請求項1~4の何れか1項に記載のレトロフィット方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US15/205,243 | 2016-07-08 | ||
| US15/205,243 US10267517B2 (en) | 2016-07-08 | 2016-07-08 | Method and system for improving boiler effectiveness |
| PCT/US2016/055958 WO2018009233A1 (en) | 2016-07-08 | 2016-10-07 | Method and system for improving boiler effectiveness |
| USPCT/US2016/055958 | 2016-10-07 | ||
| JP2019500294A JP2019520543A (ja) | 2016-07-08 | 2017-01-13 | ボイラの効率を向上させるための方法及びシステム |
| PCT/US2017/013459 WO2018009247A1 (en) | 2016-07-08 | 2017-01-13 | Method and system for improving boiler effectiveness |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| JP2019500294A Division JP2019520543A (ja) | 2016-07-08 | 2017-01-13 | ボイラの効率を向上させるための方法及びシステム |
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| JP2022024062A JP2022024062A (ja) | 2022-02-08 |
| JP7207810B2 true JP7207810B2 (ja) | 2023-01-18 |
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| JP2019500309A Active JP7152121B2 (ja) | 2016-07-08 | 2017-07-10 | ボイラの効率を向上させるための方法及びシステム |
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| US (3) | US10267517B2 (ja) |
| EP (2) | EP3482124B1 (ja) |
| JP (3) | JP2019520543A (ja) |
| KR (2) | KR20190024970A (ja) |
| CN (2) | CN107923610B (ja) |
| AU (4) | AU2017291660A1 (ja) |
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| PL (3) | PL429572A1 (ja) |
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| US10267517B2 (en) * | 2016-07-08 | 2019-04-23 | Arvos Ljungstrom Llc | Method and system for improving boiler effectiveness |
| CN108826267A (zh) * | 2018-03-26 | 2018-11-16 | 马鞍山钢铁股份有限公司 | 一种用于冷态锅炉冲氮保护的操作方法 |
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| CN118242664B (zh) * | 2024-04-03 | 2024-10-15 | 华能威海发电有限责任公司 | 一种发电站锅炉用空气预热器灰尘处理装置 |
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