JP7034931B2 - ネオエピトープのウイルス送達のための改善された組成物および方法ならびにその使用 - Google Patents
ネオエピトープのウイルス送達のための改善された組成物および方法ならびにその使用 Download PDFInfo
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Description
本発明の分野は、腫瘍疾患の処置に関し、特に、組換えウイルスを使った腫瘍疾患の予防と処置に関する。
ネオエピトープは、特有の腫瘍特異的抗原を作り出した、腫瘍細胞中で発現したランダム変異として特徴付けることができる。したがって、異なる観点から見ると、ネオエピトープは、変異の型(例えば、欠失、挿入、塩基転換、遷移、転座)および変異の影響(例えば、ナンセンス、ミスセンス、フレームシフト、など)を考慮することにより特定し得る。これは、従って、サイレントおよびその他の無関係の(例えば、非発現)変異を除外する、最初の内容選別として機能し得る。さらに、ネオエピトープ配列は、比較的短い長さ(例えば、7~11mer)を有する配列ストレッチとして定義できることを理解されたい。このようなストレッチは、アミノ酸配列の変化(単一または複数)を含むであろう。最も典型的には、変化したアミノ酸は、中心アミノ酸位置であるかその近傍であろう。例えば、典型的なネオエピトープは、構造:A4-N-A4、またはA3-N-A5、またはA2-N-A7、またはA5-N-A3、またはA7-N-A2を有し得る。式中Aは、タンパク質を構成するアミノ酸であり、Nは、変化した(野生型に対して、または対応する正常型に対して)アミノ酸である。例えば、本明細書で意図されているネオエピトープ配列は、比較的短い長さ(例えば、5~30mer、より典型的には7~11mer、または12~25mer)を有する配列ストレッチを含み、このようなストレッチは、アミノ酸配列の変化(単一または複数)を含む。
ヒト主要組織適合抗原(MHC)、またはヒト白血球抗原(HLA)複合体は、2つの別々のクラスの同時発現する高度多形性細胞表面抗原をコードする少なくとも7つの座位を含む多くの遺伝子座を含む。これらの分子は、プロセッシングを受けたペプチドに結合し、これを循環T細胞リンパ球に提示し、細胞および液性免疫応答の両方にとって不可欠である。したがって、免疫療法においては、ネオエピトープがMHC複合体に結合し、提示される場合、ネオエピトープが効果的である可能性がより高いことは容易に明らかになるはずである。
>254 NM_001000.3 RPL39 Missense p.M29K A->T Normal:WIRMKTGNK,AF:0.179104477612TPM:1023.96 TPM_MEDIAN:7.35 LL:183.395820896 netMHC:242.96 Allele:HLA-A0301 WIRKKTGNK。
好適な同時刺激分子に関しては、同時刺激分子が抗原提示細胞中で発現される場合、T細胞活性化に関して上方制御効果を有する限り、全ての同時刺激分子が適切であると考えられることが通常意図されている。例えば、図3は、樹状細胞上の同時刺激分子およびそれらのT細胞上の受容体を例示する。
好ましい患者および癌特異的HLA適合ネオエピトープ、および好適な同時刺激分子/キメラ活性化因子の選択の際に、細胞内発現およびその後の細胞上でのネオエピトープの提示のための組換え核酸が構築される。組換え核酸は、ネオエピトープが、MHC-Iおよび/またはMHC-II提示経路およびネオエピトープが高親和性を有することが分かっているMHC亜型(単一または複数)に向けられるように、配置中に1つまたは複数の患者および癌特異的ネオエピトープをコードする配列部分を含む。さらに、組換え核酸は、適切な同時刺激分子/キメラ活性化因子をコードする配列部分も含む。MHC標的化および合理的な提示は、より多くの強い免疫応答を生成すると考えられ、これは、1個または複数の同時刺激分子および/またはキメラ活性化因子の同時発現によりさらに高められる。
Claims (8)
- 組換えウイルスを生成する方法であって、
患者の対応する腫瘍および組織学的に正常な組織の試料デオキシリボ核酸(DNA)、リボ核酸(RNA)およびタンパク質を試験して、該患者の患者特異的な癌関連ネオエピトープを同定することであって、前記タンパク質の試験が質量分析ベースシーケンシングにより行われること;
前記患者特異的癌関連ネオエピトープの同じ患者のHLA型への結合を特定すること、および前記患者特異的癌関連ネオエピトープの発現レベルを決定すること;
少なくとも1個の同時刺激分子を選択すること;および
ウイルスを遺伝子改変し、少なくとも1個の同時刺激分子および前記患者特異的癌関連ネオエピトープをコードする核酸を組み込むこと、を含む、方法。 - 前記ウイルスが、アデノウイルス、複製能欠損型、または非免疫原性である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記患者のHLA型のコンピュータによる予測ステップをさらに含む、請求項1または2に記載の方法。
- 前記発現レベルが、対応する正常な試料に比べて少なくとも20%である、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記核酸がサイトカイン、SMAC(超分子活性化クラスター)の少なくとも1つの成分、またはSTING(インターフェロン遺伝子の刺激因子)経路の活性化因子をコードする配列をさらに含み、前記サイトカインが、IL-2、IL-7、IL-12、IL-15、IL-15スーパーアゴニスト(IL-15N72D)、およびIL-15スーパーアゴニスト/IL-15RαSushi-Fc融合複合体からなる群から選択されるか、前記SMACの少なくとも1つの成分が、CD2、CD4、CD8、CD28、Lck、Fyn、LFA-1、CD43、およびCD45またはこれらそれぞれの結合相手からなる群から選択されるか、または前記STING経路の活性化因子が、EBVのLMP1の膜貫通ドメインがIPS-1のシグナル伝達ドメインに融合されているキメラタンパク質を含む、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 少なくとも第2の、別個の癌関連ネオエピトープをコードするセグメントを前記核酸中に組み込むステップをさらに含む、請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記遺伝子改変ウイルスを培養し、少なくとも104個のウイルス粒子を得るステップをさらに含む、請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記同時刺激分子が、B7.1(CD80)、B7.2(CD86)、CD30L、CD40、CD40L、CD48、CD70、CD112、CD155、ICOS-L、4-1BB、GITR-L、LIGHT、TIM3、TIM4、ICAM-1、およびLFA3(CD58)からなる群から選択される、請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
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