JP7034591B2 - How to make feed for spawning poultry - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a method for producing a feed for spawning poultry to feed spawning poultry such as spawning chickens, and a method for producing poultry eggs.

Generally, animal fats and oils are used as raw materials for fats and oils in feeds. The mainstream of animal fats and oils is a mixture of fats and oils obtained by rendering livestock and poultry slaughtered products and used cooking oils recovered from restaurants and the like. In addition to the animal fats and oils, the feed may contain specific animal fats and oils such as vegetable fats and oils and beef tallow, but it is difficult to use from the viewpoint of cost.
Animal fats and oils for feed are not only economical, but also contribute greatly to the effective use of resources. However, chicken eggs produced by blending and feeding this into feed, especially egg yolk, tended to have inferior taste.

On the other hand, the yolk of chicken eggs has a high lipid content of about 31% by mass, and it is known that its properties are easily affected by fats and oils mixed in feed. Therefore, conventionally, attempts have been made to improve the quality of chicken eggs by adding a desired oil-soluble substance to the feed and transferring it to the eggs produced in the body of the laying chicken. For example, in Patent Document 1, plant essential oils such as ginger and perilla are used to form a W / O type emulsion using fats and oils, water and an emulsifier, which is added to a feed for egg-laying chickens and fed to egg-collecting chickens to provide aroma and taste components. A method for producing chicken eggs containing perilla has been reported. Further, Patent Document 2 reports a method of adding a composition obtained by mixing essential oil derived from natural spices and grain flour such as wheat flour to feed and feeding it to poultry to produce eggs having a good odor, taste and texture. ing.
However, according to the conventional technique, the poultry eggs produced by blending and feeding animal fats and oils for feed with the feed for spawning poultry have not yet been obtained with sufficiently satisfactory quality.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 10-313797 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2007-110973

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems and actual conditions, and can produce poultry eggs having strong umami and richness and excellent taste while using animal fats and oils for feed. It relates to providing a feed for spawning poultry and a method for producing poultry eggs.

As a result of diligent research to solve the problem, the present inventor does not directly mix the essential oil with the feed raw material (basic feed) in producing the feed for spawning poultry, but first feeds the essential oil to the animal. After mixing with the fat and oil, if this is mixed with other feed ingredients, especially if the rosemary essential oil or the garlic essential oil is mixed with the animal fat and oil for feed, the animal fat and oil for feed can be obtained. The present invention has been completed by finding that a produced egg having excellent taste can be obtained while being used as feed.

That is, the present invention is a step of mixing rosemary essential oil, garlic essential oil or a combination thereof with animal fats and oils for feed to obtain a mixed oil, and the mixed oil and feed raw materials other than animal fats and oils for feed. It provides a method for producing a feed for spawning poultry, which comprises a step of mixing with and.
The present invention also provides a method for producing poultry eggs, which comprises feeding the spawning poultry with the feed for spawning poultry produced by the above-mentioned production method.

If the poultry for spawning of the present invention is fed and the poultry is bred, it is economically advantageous to obtain poultry eggs having a strong taste and richness and excellent taste. Since the poultry egg of the present invention has a strong and delicious taste and richness even when heated, it can be expected to be widely used not only for raw food but also for processed egg products and egg dishes.

The method for producing a feed for spawning poultry according to the present invention is a step of mixing rosemary essential oil, garlic essential oil or a combination thereof with animal fats and oils for feed to obtain a mixed oil, and the mixed oil and an animal for feed. It includes a step of mixing with feed raw materials other than essential oils and fats.

In the method of the present invention, first, rosemary essential oil, garlic essential oil or a combination thereof is mixed with animal fat for feed to obtain a mixed oil. By adding and mixing such essential oils in advance with animal fats and oils for feed, poultry eggs, especially egg yolks, can be made delicious.
Rosemary essential oil and garlic essential oil may be used alone or in combination. Hereinafter, "rosemary essential oil, garlic essential oil or a combination thereof" is also simply referred to as essential oil.

The rosemary essential oil used in the present invention is obtained from rosemary (Rosmarinus officeis L.). Examples of the site where rosemary is used include leaves, stems, flowers, branches and the like, and leaves are preferable.
Rosemary essential oil contains monoterpene hydrocarbons, cineole, camphor, verbenol and the like.
A commercially available rosemary essential oil may be used, or it can be produced by a known method. Examples of the production method include a steam distillation method.

In addition, garlic essential oil is obtained from garlic (Allium sativum L.). The site of use of garlic is preferably bulbs.
Garlic essential oil contains allicin, diallyl disulfide, diallyl trisulfide and the like.
Commercially available garlic essential oil may be used, or it can be produced by a known method. Examples of the production method include a steam distillation method.

For animal fats and oils for feed, the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries'"Ministerial Ordinance on Ingredient Standards for Feeds and Feed Additives" (final revision: January 26, 2017) stipulates standards for ingredients and standards for manufacturing. There is. In the ministerial ordinance, animal fats and oils for feed are defined as confirmed animal fats and oils, which are manufactured in the process confirmed by the Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries as being immiscible with the spinal column of cattle. The standard standards for animal fats and oils for feed are melting point 29 ° C or higher, acid value 25 or lower, peroxide value 3 or lower, iodine value 80 or lower, saponification value 190 or higher, color tone (G) 16 or lower, moisture / non-ken. Examples thereof include compound 2 or less and insoluble impurities 0.15% or less.
The animal fats and oils for feed used in the present invention include fats and oils obtained by rendering a slaughtered product of livestock and poultry, and used or expired edible fats and oils recovered from restaurants and the like (recovered edible oils). , Further includes oils and fats mixed with these.

In the method of the present invention, the essential oil is added and mixed in an amount of 0.03% by mass or more and further 0.05% by mass or more with respect to animal fats and oils for feed from the viewpoint of egg taste (umami and richness). Is preferable. In addition, in consideration of the limit of the effect of enhancing umami and economic efficiency, the amount of essential oil added is 2% by mass or less, further 0.5% by mass or less, particularly 0.2% by mass, based on animal fats and oils for feed. % Or less is preferable.

The mixing conditions of the essential oil and the animal fat for feed can be appropriately adjusted. For example, in consideration of the melting point of animal fats and oils, it is preferable to mix the essential oil after heating, stirring and dissolving.

In addition to the essential oil, an emulsifier may be further added to and mixed with the animal fat for feed. Examples of the emulsifier include glycerin fatty acid ester, sucrose fatty acid ester, sorbitan fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene glycerin fatty acid ester, and lecithin.
From the viewpoint of egg taste (umami / richness), the emulsifier is preferably added and mixed in an amount of 0.3 to 5% by mass with respect to animal fats and oils for feed.

Next, a step of mixing the mixed oil with a feed raw material other than animal fats and oils for feed is performed.
The feed raw materials other than animal fats and oils for feed may be the same as the raw materials (basic feed) used for normal spawning poultry feed.
For example, as feed raw materials, cereals such as corn, mylo, wheat, barley, swallow, rye, brown rice, buckwheat, foxtail millet, acne, hie; rice bran, corn bran, corn germ, etc. Vegetable oil residue such as flaxseed oil residue, palm kernel residue, sesame oil residue, sunflower oil residue, rapeseed oil residue; animal feed such as fish powder, fish soluble, meat powder, meat bone powder, blood powder, defatted milk powder, casein, dried whey Ingredients: Natural spices such as thyme, oregano, cloves, coriander, cinnamon; vitamins such as vitamin B ₁ , vitamin B ₂ , folic acid, vitamin B ₁₂ , biotin, pantothenic acid, vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin K, vitamin E, etc. ; Inorganic salts, minerals and the like can be mentioned. Further, animal and vegetable oils and fats such as soybean oil, rapeseed oil, peanut oil, coconut oil, palm oil, tallow, lard, and tara oil other than animal oils and fats for feed may be blended.

The mixing conditions of the mixed oil and feed raw materials other than animal fats and oils for feed can be appropriately adjusted. For example, it is preferable to use a ribbon mixer (mixer) to mix feed raw materials other than animal fats and oils for feed in advance, and then spray the heated mixed oil with an addition nozzle to mix them.

In the method of the present invention, the animal fat for feed is 0.5% by mass or more, further 1% by mass or more, particularly 2% by mass, in the feed for spawning poultry from the viewpoint of energy efficiency, digestion and absorption of essential oil components, and the like. % Or more is preferable. Further, in consideration of the physical characteristics of the feed, the content of animal fats and oils for the feed in the feed for spawning poultry is preferably 4% by mass or less, more preferably 3.5% by mass or less.

Further, the essential oil is preferably contained in the feed for spawning poultry in an amount of 0.0003 to 0.08% by mass, more preferably 0.0003 to 0.008% by mass.
The content of essential oils in animal fats and oils for feed and in feed for spawning poultry can be measured by GC / MS analysis.

When the feed for spawning poultry thus obtained is fed to spawning poultry, poultry eggs having strong umami and richness and excellent taste can be obtained. The poultry egg can be suitably used not only for raw food but also for processed egg products and egg dishes.
It is desirable that the feed for spawning poultry of the present invention is continuously fed to spawning poultry for at least 14 days, preferably at least 21 days in order to produce the desired poultry eggs.

The type of spawning poultry to which the feed for spawning poultry of the present invention is fed is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include poultry such as chickens, ducks, and sardines, which are suitable for chickens.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

〔material〕
Animal fats and oils for feed: Feed fats and oils (YG), essential oils manufactured by Nikko Oil and Fat Co., Ltd .: 100% by mass of essential oils derived from natural raw materials, essential oil powder adsorbed products manufactured by Takasago Kogyo Co., Ltd .: corn with 0.50 mass% of garlic essential oils Flower adsorbent, manufactured by Takasago Perfume Industry Co., Ltd.

Test Example 1
[Preparation of feed]
The control plot and the test plot were set as follows.
(Category)
Control Group 1: Essential Oil Additive-Free Test Group 1: Cinnamon Essential Oil Test Group 2: Clove Essential Oil Test Group 3: Ginger Essential Oil Test Group 4: Natsumeg Essential Oil Test Group 5: Olegano Essential Oil Test Group 6: Black Pepper Essential Oil Test Group 7: Rosemary Essential oil test group 8: Orange essential oil test group 9: Garlic essential oil test group 10: Perilla essential oil Add 0.05% by mass of various essential oils to animal fats and oils for feed heated to about 40 ° C, and use a 4L stainless steel container. The mixture was mixed with a stirring rod for about 1 minute to obtain an essential oil-added mixed oil. Then, using a ribbon mixer having a capacity of 100 kg, the mixed oil and other feed raw materials were mixed to prepare a feed for spawning poultry. The feed composition is shown in Table 1.

[Breeding test]
The test feed obtained above was fed to a total of 220 chickens in each section of the 498-day-old egg-laying chicken "Julia" at 110 g per day for 21 days or more.

〔sensory evaluation〕
(1) Evaluation method Chicken eggs on the 21st day from the start of the breeding test were collected and subjected to a sensory test.
For the next scrambled eggs and raw eggs (yolk part), a sensory evaluation of "deliciousness" including the strength of umami and the strength of richness by 5 specialized panels (1 male and 4 females) Was set to 0 points, and relative evaluation was performed on the other test plots on a 5-point scale of -2 points, -1 points, 0 points (equivalent), 1 point, and 2 points. The average value of 5 people was used as the score. In addition, "umami" is a flavor that combines the strength of the first taste and the good taste, and "rich" is the flavor that combines the strength of the aftertaste and the good taste. Similarly, the evaluations of scrambled eggs and raw egg yolks were integrated into a comprehensive evaluation. The score is so high that you can feel the umami and richness strongly and deliciously. The results are shown in Table 2.
A. Two scrambled eggs in each section were cracked, stirred with a colander so that the egg white and yolk were well mixed, strained once with a colander, and then 86 g of egg liquid was weighed. Canola oil (2 tablespoons with a plastic spoon) was sprinkled in a frying pan warmed for 1 minute in an IH cooker (low medium heat), and the egg liquid was poured. It was heated with an IH cooker (low medium heat), and was taken out of the frying pan while stirring slowly without overheating. All plots were cooled to room temperature before evaluation.
B. Egg white and yolk were separated from two shelled eggs in each sample group that had been refrigerated until just before the raw yolk, and only the yolk part was pooled and evaluated.

(2) Results In scrambled eggs, rosemary essential oil (test group 7) and garlic essential oil (test group 9) were superior, and other essential oils (ginger, nutmeg, black pepper, orange and perilla) were inferior. The essential oils of cinnamon, clove and oregano had no effect.
In raw egg yolk, the taste tended to be improved by adding the essential oil relatively, but the ginger essential oil and the nutmeg essential oil were evaluated to be inferior. Rosemary and garlic essential oils were as highly rated as scrambled eggs.
In the comprehensive evaluation of scrambled eggs and raw egg yolk, rosemary essential oil and garlic essential oil were highly evaluated.
From the above results, it was considered that rosemary essential oil and garlic essential oil are useful as essential oils for improving the deliciousness of chicken eggs.

Test Example 2
[Preparation of feed]
The control plot and the test plot were set as follows. Garlic essential oil was used as the essential oil.
(Category)
Control group 2: Essential oil-free test group 11: Essential oil 0.01% by mass added (essential oil content in feed 0.0003% by mass)
Test group 12: Addition of 0.05% by mass of essential oil (0.0015% by mass)
Test group 13: Addition of 0.20% by mass of essential oil (0.0060% by mass)
Test group 14: Add 0.3% by mass of essential oil powder adsorbed product directly to feed (0.0015% by mass)
Test group 15: Add essential oil directly to feed in an amount of 0.0015% by mass (0.0015% by mass)
In Test Group 11 to Test Group 13, garlic essential oil is added in predetermined amounts to animal fats and oils for feed heated to about 40 ° C., mixed in a 4 L stainless steel container for about 1 minute with a stirring rod, and the essential oil is added. A mixed oil was obtained. Then, using a ribbon mixer having a capacity of 100 kg, the mixed oil and other feed raw materials were mixed to prepare a feed for spawning poultry.
On the other hand, in the test group 14 and the test group 15, feed animal fats and oils heated to about 40 ° C., garlic essential oil 0.50 mass% powder adsorbed product or garlic essential oil, and other feed raw materials were mixed with a ribbon mixer having a capacity of 100 kg. They were mixed to prepare a feed for spawning poultry.
The feed composition is shown in Table 3. In the test group 12, the test group 14, and the test group 15, the essential oil content in the feed is the same as 0.0015% by mass.

[Breeding test]
The test feed obtained above was fed to a total of 220 chickens in each ward of the 575-day-old egg-laying chicken "Julia" at 110 g per day for 21 days or more.

〔sensory evaluation〕
(1) Evaluation method The same method as in Test Example 1 shown above was carried out. The sensory evaluation of the control group 2 was set to 0 points, and the scores of the other test groups were determined. The results are shown in Table 4.

(2) Results In the scrambled eggs, in the comparison between the test group 11 and the test group 13, addition of 0.01% by mass of the essential oil had almost no effect on the deliciousness. On the other hand, when 0.05% by mass was added, most panelists felt that it was delicious to some extent. In addition, when 0.2% was added, most panelists felt the taste.
In the test group 14 in which the powdered adsorbed product in which 0.50% by mass of garlic essential oil was adsorbed on the cornflower was directly added to the feed, and the test group 15 in which the essential oil was directly added to the feed, the essential oil content in the feed was the test group 12. It was the same, but the result of deliciousness was inferior.
The results of raw egg yolk were almost the same as those of scrambled eggs.
Comprehensive evaluation of scrambled eggs and raw egg yolk was similar to that of scrambled eggs.
Based on the above results, when producing feed for spawning poultry, it is possible to produce delicious eggs with strong taste and richness by adding them to animal fats and oils for feed in advance, mixing them, and then mixing them with other feed ingredients. Was confirmed. The amount of garlic essential oil added to animal fats and oils for feed was preferably in the range of 0.05 to 0.2% by mass.

Claims (6)

A step of mixing rosemary essential oil, garlic essential oil or a combination thereof with animal fats and oils for feed consisting of rendering oil, recovered edible oil or a combination thereof, and a step of obtaining a mixed oil, and the mixed oil and the mixed oil. A method for producing a feed for spawning poultry, which comprises a step of mixing with a feed material other than oil . The method for producing a feed for spawning poultry according to claim 1, wherein 0.03 to 2% by mass of rosemary essential oil, garlic essential oil, or a combination thereof is added to the animal fat for feed and mixed. The method for producing a feed for spawning poultry according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the content of the animal fat for the feed in the feed for spawning poultry is 0.5 to 4% by mass. The method for producing a feed for spawning poultry according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the spawning poultry is a spawning chicken. A method for producing poultry eggs, which comprises feeding the spawning poultry with the feed for spawning poultry produced by the production method according to any one of claims 1 to 4. A mixed oil containing rosemary essential oil, garlic essential oil or a combination of these essential oils , and animal fats and oils for feed consisting of rendering oil, recovered edible oil or a combination thereof, and spawning containing feed raw materials other than the mixed oil . Feed for poultry.