JP7012770B2 - 可逆的に変形可能な人工角膜および植え込むための方法 - Google Patents
可逆的に変形可能な人工角膜および植え込むための方法 Download PDFInfo
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/14—Eye parts, e.g. lenses or corneal implants; Artificial eyes
- A61F2/142—Cornea, e.g. artificial corneae, keratoprostheses or corneal implants for repair of defective corneal tissue
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/14—Eye parts, e.g. lenses or corneal implants; Artificial eyes
- A61F2/145—Corneal inlays, onlays, or lenses for refractive correction
- A61F2/1451—Inlays or onlays
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/14—Eye parts, e.g. lenses or corneal implants; Artificial eyes
- A61F2/145—Corneal inlays, onlays, or lenses for refractive correction
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/0077—Special surfaces of prostheses, e.g. for improving ingrowth
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- A61F2210/00—Particular material properties of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
- A61F2210/0076—Particular material properties of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof multilayered, e.g. laminated structures
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- A61F2220/0025—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
- A61F2220/0033—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements made by longitudinally pushing a protrusion into a complementary-shaped recess, e.g. held by friction fit
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2230/00—Geometry of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
- A61F2230/0002—Two-dimensional shapes, e.g. cross-sections
- A61F2230/0004—Rounded shapes, e.g. with rounded corners
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2250/00—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
- A61F2250/0014—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof having different values of a given property or geometrical feature, e.g. mechanical property or material property, at different locations within the same prosthesis
- A61F2250/0018—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof having different values of a given property or geometrical feature, e.g. mechanical property or material property, at different locations within the same prosthesis differing in elasticity, stiffness or compressibility
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2250/00—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
- A61F2250/0014—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof having different values of a given property or geometrical feature, e.g. mechanical property or material property, at different locations within the same prosthesis
- A61F2250/0026—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof having different values of a given property or geometrical feature, e.g. mechanical property or material property, at different locations within the same prosthesis differing in surface structures
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2250/00—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
- A61F2250/0014—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof having different values of a given property or geometrical feature, e.g. mechanical property or material property, at different locations within the same prosthesis
- A61F2250/0036—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof having different values of a given property or geometrical feature, e.g. mechanical property or material property, at different locations within the same prosthesis differing in thickness
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- A61F2250/00—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
- A61F2250/0014—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof having different values of a given property or geometrical feature, e.g. mechanical property or material property, at different locations within the same prosthesis
- A61F2250/0053—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof having different values of a given property or geometrical feature, e.g. mechanical property or material property, at different locations within the same prosthesis differing in optical properties
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Description
この出願は、米国特許法119の下、2010年9月30日に出願された米国仮特許出願第61/388,386号(この完全な開示は、参考として本明細書に援用される)の利益を主張する。
本発明は、一般に医療デバイスおよび方法に関する。より詳細には、本発明は、人工角膜の構造、およびインプラントを角膜内に挿入するための方法に関する。
えば、患者の涙液膜が、周囲の角膜の表面より上方に突き出る、またはそれより下方に落ちるインプラントによって破壊され得る。角膜の表面より上方にインプラントが突き出ることもまた、眼瞼の内側の擦過傷を引き起こし得る。また、オプティクが周囲の角膜の表面より下方にあるインプラントは、「穴」への粘液の堆積を許容し得、それにより視覚が不鮮明になる可能性がある。
ial Corneaの場合、キャリアドナー角膜のレベルより上方にオプティクが上がると、患者にとって持続的な異物感覚を引き起こし、また眼瞼の内側の結膜の擦過傷を防止するために、バンデージコンタクトレンズの継続的な使用が必要になる。一方、AlphaCorのオプティクは、ホスト角膜のレベルより300ミクロン下方に置かれ、これは、粘液など残屑を継続的に蓄積するくぼみを作り、それにより患者の視覚改善を制限する。図7は、従来技術の人工角膜と本発明のプロファイル、およびそれらがどのようにホストまたはキャリア角膜内にフィットするかを示す。
.から市販されているC126など、メタクリル酸ヒドロキシエチルおよびメタクリル酸メチル(methylmethacraylate)のコポリマーであることが好ましい、眼内レンズ(IOL)を形成する際に一般に使用されるタイプのポリマーヒドロゲル、またはBenz Researchから市販されているものなど疎水性アクリル材料である、材料の単一ブランクまたはブロックから形成されてもよい。プラズマ表面処理にかけたメタクリル酸ヒドロキシエチルおよびメタクリル酸メチル(methylmethacraylate)のコポリマーなど、ポリマーヒドロゲル材料はまた、疎水性および親水性の特性を有することができる。あるいは、人工角膜は、相互貫入網目構造またはコラーゲンベースのヒドロゲルを含む材料から成形、機械加工、またはレーザ切断することができる。
(項目1)
可逆的に変形可能な人工角膜であって、
リムによって囲まれた中央オプティクを含む、4mmと10mmの間の直径を有するモノリシック体を備え、上記中央オプティクが、3mmから9mmの範囲内の直径、および200μmから800μmの範囲内のオプティク高さを有し、上記リムが、0.5mmから4.5mmの範囲内の幅、および50μmから200μmの範囲内のメジアン厚さを有し、
上記モノリシック体が、完全に水和したとき0.3MPaから100MPaの範囲内のヤング率を有するポリマーヒドロゲルから構成される、可逆的に変形可能な人工角膜。
(項目2)
少なくとも1.5MPaの引張り強さを有する、項目1に記載の人工角膜。
(項目3)
少なくとも100%の破断までの伸びを有する、項目1に記載の人工角膜。
(項目4)
上記中央オプティクの上記オプティク高さが、±50μm未満で変動する、項目1に記載の人工角膜。
(項目5)
上記中央オプティクと上記リムの間の角度が、±10°未満だけ変動する、項目1に記載の人工角膜。
(項目6)
上記リムが、上記中央オプティクの後縁に外接する、項目1に記載の人工角膜。
(項目7)
上記中央オプティクの少なくとも前表面が凸状に形作られ、天然角膜とほぼ等しい屈折力をもたらす、項目1に記載の人工角膜。
(項目8)
中央オプティクが、角膜内に植え込まれたとき30ジオプトリから70ジオプトリの範囲内にある屈折力をもたらす、項目7に記載の人工角膜。
(項目9)
上記中央オプティクの前表面および後表面が共に凸状に形作られる、項目8に記載の人工角膜。
(項目10)
上記前表面が上記後表面より平坦である、項目9に記載の人工角膜。
(項目11)
上記リムが、栄養素および酸素の通過を可能にするために孔を有する、項目1に記載の人工角膜。
(項目12)
上記孔が、上記リムの環状エリアの10%から90%を占有する、項目11に記載の人工角膜。
(項目13)
上記孔が、上記環状リム周りに均一に配置された丸い穴である、項目9に記載の人工角膜。
(項目14)
上記ポリマーヒドロゲルが、親水性アクリル材料、疎水性アクリル材料、シリコーンポリマーヒドロゲル、コラーゲンポリマーヒドロゲル、および相互貫入網目構造ヒドロゲルからなる群より選択される材料を含む、項目1に記載の人工角膜。
(項目15)
上記ポリマーヒドロゲルが、少なくとも3バーラーの酸素透過性を有する、項目1に記載の人工角膜。
(項目16)
上記ポリマーヒドロゲルが、Lotrafilcon A、Lotrafilcon
B、Balafilcon A、Comfilcon A、Senofilcon A、Enfilcon A、およびGalyfilcon Aからなる群より選択される材料を含む、項目1に記載の人工角膜。
(項目17)
上記中央オプティクの前面の環状周辺領域が、上皮の成長を促進し、一方、上記環状周辺領域内の上記前面が、上皮の成長を妨げる、項目1に記載の人工角膜。
(項目18)
上記環状周辺領域が、上皮成長促進材料で覆われるか、粗くされるか、または多孔性である、項目17に記載の人工角膜。
(項目19)
上記環状周辺領域内の上記中央オプティクの上記前面が、上皮の成長を阻害する材料で覆われる、項目17に記載の人工角膜。
(項目20)
障害のある中央領域を有する角膜内に人工角膜を植え込むための方法であって、
上記角膜内に、周辺側壁によって囲まれた後表面を有する中央前方開口部を形成する工程であって、上記開口部が、200μmから800μmの範囲内の均一な周辺深さを有する、工程、および
上記中央前方開口部内に人工角膜を植え込む工程であって、インプラントが、上記中央前方開口部の上記周辺深さの±50μm以内の均一なオプティク高さを有する周辺壁を備える中央オプティクを有する、工程を含む、方法。
(項目21)
上記中央前方開口部の周辺側壁の少なくとも一部分の周りに表層ポケットを形成する工程、および
上記角膜インプラントに外接するリムを上記表層ポケット内に挿入し、上記インプラントを上記開口部内で固定する工程
をさらに含む、項目20に記載の方法。
(項目22)
上記表層ポケットが、上記中央前方開口部の上記後表面の周辺部および上記角膜インプラントの上記中央オプティクの後縁を囲む上記リムの周りに形成される、項目21に記載の方法。
(項目23)
上記中央前方開口部が、上記中央オプティクの直径より小さい直径を有するように形成され、上記角膜組織が、上記中央オプティクの上記周辺壁を封止し、上皮細胞の内方への成長、細菌の侵入、流体の喪失を阻害する、項目20に記載の方法。
(項目24)
上記インプラントが、後方向に上記前方開口部を通って挿入される、項目20に記載の方法。
(項目25)
上記角膜を通って上記中央前方開口部内に側方通路を形成する工程、および上記側方通路を通して上記角膜インプラントを挿入する工程をさらに含む、項目20に記載の方法。(項目26)
上記人工角膜が、縫合糸も接着剤も使用せずに固定される、項目20に記載の方法。
(項目27)
最初に表層ポケットが中央角膜を横切って作られ、次いで上記中央前方開口部が、上記表層ポケットの上記領域の上に作られる、項目20に記載の方法。
ケットの直径は3.5mmとすべきであり、中央ポケットPの周りに延在する環状ポケットAPの外径は、8.5mmとすべきである。
Claims (12)
- 可逆的に変形可能な人工角膜であって、
リムによって囲まれた中央オプティクを含む、4mmと10mmの間の直径を有するモノリシック体を備え、前記中央オプティクが、3mmから9mmの範囲内の直径、および200μmから800μmの範囲内のオプティク高さを有し、前記リムが、0.5mmから4.5mmの範囲内の幅、および50μmから200μmの範囲内のメジアン厚さを有し、
前記モノリシック体が、完全に水和したとき0.3MPaから100MPaの範囲内のヤング率を有するポリマーヒドロゲルから構成され、
前記中央オプティク(12)が、30ジオプトリから70ジオプトリの範囲内の屈折力を提供し、
前記中央オプティク(12)の材料が上皮の成長を阻害し、前記中央オプティク(12)の前面の環状周辺領域が上皮成長促進材料でコーティングされ又は前記中央オプティク(12)の前面の環状周辺領域に上皮成長促進材料が堆積される、
可逆的に変更可能な人工角膜。 - 少なくとも1.5MPaの引張り強さを有する、請求項1に記載の人工角膜。
- 少なくとも100%の破断までの伸びを有する、請求項1に記載の人工角膜。
- 前記中央オプティク(12)と前記リム(14)の間の角度が、±10°未満だけ変動する、請求項1に記載の人工角膜。
- 前記リム(14)が、前記中央オプティク(12)の後縁に外接する、請求項1に記載の人工角膜。
- 前記中央オプティク(12)の少なくとも前表面が凸状に形作られ、天然角膜とほぼ等しい屈折力をもたらす、請求項1に記載の人工角膜。
- 前記中央オプティク(12)の前表面および後表面が共に凸状に形作られる、請求項6に記載の人工角膜。
- 前記前表面が前記後表面より平坦である、請求項7に記載の人工角膜。
- 前記リム(14)が、栄養素および酸素の通過を可能にするために孔(16)を有し、選択的に:
前記孔(16)が、前記リムの環状エリアの10%から90%を占有する;
又は、前記孔(16)が、環状の前記リム周りに均一に配置された丸い穴である;のうちの少なくとも1つである、請求項1に記載の人工角膜。 - 前記ポリマーヒドロゲルが、親水性アクリル材料、疎水性アクリル材料、シリコーンポリマーヒドロゲル、コラーゲンポリマーヒドロゲル、および相互貫入網目構造ヒドロゲルからなる群より選択される材料を含む、請求項1に記載の人工角膜。
- 前記ポリマーヒドロゲルが、少なくとも3バーラーの酸素透過性を有する、請求項1に記載の人工角膜。
- 前記ポリマーヒドロゲルが、Lotrafilcon A、Lotrafilcon B、Balafilcon A、Comfilcon A、Senofilcon A、Enfilcon A、およびGalyfilcon Aからなる群より選択される材料を含む、請求項1に記載の人工角膜。
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