JP7001488B2 - Hydroponics equipment - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a hydroponic cultivation apparatus capable of achieving further multistage and effectively improving the cultivation amount per floor area while maintaining workability.

In recent years, there is no need to use soil, high-density production is possible in a narrow indoor space, temperature and humidity can be adjusted without being affected by the weather, and contamination by germs and pests is removed. Hydroponic cultivation equipment is attracting attention because of its many advantages such as ease of use. As the hydroponic cultivation device, a hydroponic cultivation device in which cultivation shelves for growing plants are arranged in multiple stages in the vertical direction at a predetermined distance and a lighting device is provided on the upper side of each hydroponic container is generally adopted. ing.

By increasing the number of cultivation shelves, it becomes possible to cultivate more plants in a small area, which greatly contributes to the effective utilization of extremely small spaces such as indoors (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2015-006162

However, the conventional hydroponic cultivation apparatus equipped with a multi-stage cultivation shelf has a dimension of about 400 mm in the distance between the cultivation shelves from its own structure. When the separation distance of each cultivation shelf is about 400 mm, considering the height range where the worker can work without difficulty, the height dimension from the floor surface to the top cultivation shelf is limited to about 2000 mm as a 5-stage configuration. Met.

Here, focusing on the structure of the hydroponic cultivation device, it is clear that there is a waste in the arrangement mode of each component constituting the plant cultivation shelf, and the separation distance of each plant cultivation shelf cannot be reduced. There was still room for improvement due to the limited amount of cultivation per floor area.

Therefore, the present invention was created in view of the above problems, and the separation distance of each plant cultivation shelf provided in the hydroponic cultivation device can be set short, and the volume of the work area is maintained. It is an object of the present invention to provide a hydroponic cultivation apparatus capable of achieving multiple stages and effectively improving the cultivation amount per floor area.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention
It is equipped with a hydroponic cultivation tank, which is a long water tank, a tank support material, a lighting device, a lighting support material, and a vegetation plate.
The hydroponic cultivation tank is arranged above the tank support material, and the hydroponic cultivation tank is arranged.
The long direction of the hydroponic cultivation tank and the long direction of the lighting support material have a positional relationship that is substantially parallel to each other, and the long direction of the lighting device and the long direction of the lighting support material. , Are arranged approximately orthogonally,
The vegetation plate is arranged above the hydroponic cultivation tank, and the vegetation plate is arranged above the hydroponic cultivation tank.
The plant cultivation shelves are formed in multiple stages,
Provided is a hydroponic cultivation apparatus characterized by.

In the hydroponic cultivation device of the present invention having such a configuration, the separation distance of each plant cultivation shelf provided in the hydroponic cultivation device can be set short, and further multi-stage is achieved while maintaining workability. Therefore, the amount of cultivation per floor area can be effectively improved.

Further, in the above-mentioned hydroponic cultivation apparatus of the present invention, it is desirable that the vegetation plate is solidly formed by using a synthetic resin.

In the hydroponic cultivation apparatus of the present invention having such a configuration, since the vegetation plate does not have a foam layer, the thickness dimension of the plate can be reduced, and the height dimension of the cultivation area can be further secured. can.

Further, in the above-mentioned hydroponic cultivation apparatus of the present invention, it is desirable that the lighting support material has a function of a conveyor for moving the vegetation plate.

In the hydroponic cultivation apparatus of the present invention having such a configuration, the vegetation plate can be easily slid and moved in the long direction of the lighting support material. Therefore, it is possible to improve the efficiency of the cultivation work using the hydroponic cultivation apparatus.

Further, in the above-mentioned hydroponic cultivation device of the present invention, it is further desirable that the lighting device is configured by using an LED light source.

In the hydroponic cultivation device of the present invention having such a configuration, the energy efficiency of the lighting device is high, and excessive heat dissipation can be suppressed. In addition, the size of the lighting device can be reduced, and the height dimension of the cultivation area is not overwhelmed.

According to the present invention, it is possible to set a short separation distance between the plant cultivation shelves provided in the hydroponic cultivation apparatus, achieve further multistage while maintaining workability, and increase the cultivation amount per floor area. It is possible to provide a hydroponic cultivation apparatus that can be effectively improved.

It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of the plant cultivation shelf 17 provided in the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1 of this embodiment. 2A and 2B are side views showing the arrangement relationship of each component constituting the plant cultivation shelf 17, and FIG. 2A is a side view of the plant cultivation shelf 17 in the short direction Y, and FIG. 2B is a view. It is a side view seen in the short direction Y which shows the detailed arrangement position of a lighting apparatus 7, a tank support material 9, and a lighting support material 11. It is a side view which shows the arrangement position of the adjacent plant cultivation shelf 17 and the plant cultivation shelf 67. It is a figure which shows the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1 of this embodiment which was provided with the plant cultivation shelf 17, and FIG. 4A is a side view which looked at the conventional hydroponic cultivation apparatus 101 in the long direction X. 4 (b) is a side view of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1 of the present embodiment as viewed from the long direction X.

Hereinafter, a typical embodiment of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1 according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to those shown in the drawings, and each drawing is for conceptually explaining the present invention. Therefore, the dimensions, ratios or numbers are exaggerated as necessary for easy understanding. Alternatively, it may be abbreviated. Further, in the following description, the same or corresponding parts may be designated by the same reference numerals, and duplicate description may be omitted.

1. 1. Outline of Hydroponic Cultivation Device 1 The hydroponic cultivation device 1 of the present embodiment effectively secures the capacity of the plant cultivation shelves 17 (cultivation area) provided inside and effectively cultivates the amount per floor area. It is a device that can be improved. Therefore, the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1 is characterized by the configuration of the plant cultivation shelf 17.

More specifically, the dimensions in the height direction between the plant cultivation shelves 17 are optimized so as not to adversely affect the cultivation of the plant 51, and the plants are within the height range from the floor surface 201 to the height at which the user can easily cultivate. This is to achieve more multi-stage cultivation shelves 17.

2. 2. Structure of Plant Cultivation Shelf 17 Next, the structure of the plant cultivation shelf 17 included in the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1 of the present embodiment will be described in detail with reference to FIG. FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a plant cultivation shelf 17 included in the hydroponic cultivation device 1 of the present embodiment. In the description of this embodiment, the long direction of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1 is X and the short direction is Y for easy understanding.

As shown in FIG. 1, the plant cultivation shelves 17 used in the present embodiment generally include a vegetation plate 5 for holding the plant 51 (see FIG. 3) and a plurality of plant cultivation shelves for supplying the plant 51 with a nutrient solution containing nutrients. A long hydroponic cultivation tank 3, a tank support material 9 that supports the hydroponic cultivation tank 3 at the upper end, a lighting device 7 that promotes photosynthesis of the plant 51, a support for the vegetation plate 5, and a long direction X. It is configured to include a roller 13 that assists the slide to, and a lighting support material 11 that includes the roller 13 and supports the lighting device 7 at the lower end.

<Vegetation plate 5>
The vegetation plate 5 is a component that serves as a base for the plant 51, and can be positioned while holding the plant 51, and the roots of the plant 51 can be immersed in the nutrient solution in the hydroponic cultivation tank 3 described later. The vegetation plate 5 is formed in a substantially quadrangular shape using, for example, a synthetic resin such as vinyl chloride resin, and a predetermined number of vegetation holes 19 for holding the plant 51 are provided at predetermined intervals.

The thickness of the vegetation plate 5 is preferably in the range of 1 mm to 3 mm, more preferably 2 mm. If the vegetation plate 5 is made of a synthetic resin such as vinyl chloride resin, the thickness of the vegetation plate 5 can be reduced because it does not have a foam layer. As a result, the height dimension of the cultivation area can be secured.

The vegetation plate 5 may be provided with vents (not shown) connecting adjacent cultivation areas to promote air movement. Further, a groove may be provided on the back surface side of the vegetation plate 5 to improve the function. For example, if a groove parallel to the elongated direction X is formed at a position where the vegetation plate 5 comes into contact with the roller 13, it serves as a guide when the vegetation plate 5 is slid in the elongated direction X, and the sliding can be easily and reliably performed. That is, the vegetation plate 5 may be formed by adopting various planar shapes depending on the type of the plant 51 to be cultivated, the planting density, and the like.

<Lighting device 7>
It is desirable that the lighting device 7 is configured by using an LED light source that emits light in the cultivation area and supplies light necessary for photosynthesis of plants, has high energy efficiency, and suppresses excessive heat dissipation. The lighting device 7 of the present embodiment has a long shape, and is fixed below the hydroponic cultivation tank 3 substantially orthogonal to the long direction X thereof. The hydroponic cultivation device 1 of the present embodiment supplies the light required for photosynthesis of the plant 51 by the above-mentioned lighting device 7. By using the lighting device 7 as an LED light source, the size can be reduced and the height dimension of the cultivation area can be secured.

<Tank support material 9>
The tank support material 9 is a substantially rod-shaped part that supports the hydroponic cultivation tank 3 described later, and in the present embodiment, a steel pipe formed of a material having a substantially rectangular cross-sectional shape and corrosion resistance is used. I am using it. It is desirable that each dimension is appropriately determined from the type of plant 51 to be cultivated, the shape of the vegetation plate 5, the number of hydroponic cultivation tanks 3 to be supported, the overall size of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1, and the like. Both ends of the tank support material 9 in the short direction Y are connected and fixed to the structural frame 15 constituting the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1.

<Lighting support material 11>
The lighting support member 11 is a substantially rod-shaped component in which a lighting device 7 connection is fixed at the lower end and supports the lighting device 7, and is made of a corrosion-resistant material. In the present embodiment, a plurality of rollers 13 rotating in the long direction X are continuously arranged at the upper end, and a conveyor function is provided so that the vegetation plate 5 can be easily slid and moved in the long direction X. ..

It is desirable that each dimension of the lighting support material 11 is appropriately determined from the type of the plant 51 to be cultivated, the shape of the vegetation plate 5, the number of lighting devices 7 to support, the overall size of the hydroponic cultivation device 1, and the like. It should be noted that a conventionally known method of connecting and fixing both ends of the lighting support material 11 in the long direction X to the structural frame 15 constituting the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1 may be conventionally known, and welding may be performed depending on the material. It may be glued or screwed.

<Hydroponic cultivation tank 3>
The hydroponic cultivation tank 3 is a long water tank formed by using, for example, a synthetic resin and having a substantially U-shaped cross-sectional shape. Since the hydroponic cultivation tank 3 is used by storing or circulating the nutrient solution that promotes the growth of the plant 51 inside, end walls (not shown) are provided at both ends and the nutrient solution is external. It is desirable to prevent it from flowing out to.

<Arrangement of each part>
Next, with reference to FIGS. 2A and 2B, the arrangement relation of each component constituting the plant cultivation shelf 17 will be described in detail. 2 (a) and 2 (b) are diagrams showing the arrangement relationship of each component constituting the plant cultivation shelf 17, and FIG. 2 (a) shows the plant cultivation shelf 17 in the short direction (horizontal width direction) Y. 2 (b) is a side view seen in the short direction Y showing the detailed arrangement positions of the lighting device 7, the tank support material 9, and the lighting support material 11.

The plant cultivation shelf 17 of the hydroponic cultivation device 1 of the present embodiment is characterized by the arrangement relationship of each component described above. Lighting support members 11 oriented substantially parallel to the long direction X of the present hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1 are arranged on both sides of the short direction Y, respectively. A plurality of tank support materials 9 are oriented substantially orthogonal to the lighting support material 11, and while arranging the tank support materials 9 at a predetermined distance, the upper end of each tank support material 9 is in contact with the lower end of the lighting support material 11. Touch and support.

Further, the plurality of lighting devices 7 are oriented substantially orthogonal to the lighting support material 11 (they are also substantially orthogonal to the hydroponic cultivation tank 3 and substantially parallel to the tank support material 9), and each lighting device is oriented. While arranging the 7s at a predetermined separation distance, the upper end of each lighting device 7 is connected to and fixed to the lower end of the lighting support member 11.

The hydroponic cultivation tank 3 is oriented substantially orthogonal to the tank support material 9 (substantially parallel to the lighting support material 11), and is predetermined between the lighting support materials 11 arranged on both sides in the short direction Y. While arranging them at a distance, they are connected to and fixed to the upper end of the tank support member 9. The vegetation plate 5 is arranged so that its lower end abuts on the upper end of the roller 13 arranged on the illumination support material 11 so that it can slide in the long direction X.

That is, the lighting device 7 is arranged directly under the hydroponic cultivation tank 3 (at the same height as the lower end of the lighting support material 11 and the upper end of the tank support material 9), and the lighting device lower end position P2 supports the tank. It is located above the lower end position P1 of the material. As a result, it is possible to secure a large space from the lower end of the tank support material 9 to the surface of the vegetation plate 5 provided by the plant cultivation shelf 17 located below.

3. 3. Setting the Separation Distance Between Plant Cultivation Shelf Next, the setting of the separation distance H2 between the adjacent plant cultivation shelf 17 and the plant cultivation shelf 67 will be described in detail with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 is a side view showing the arrangement position of the adjacent plant cultivation shelf 17 and the plant cultivation shelf 67. By configuring the plant cultivation shelves as described above, it is possible to reduce the separation distance H2 of each of the plant cultivation shelves arranged in multiple stages while securing the volume of the cultivation area. In addition, the description here will be given using the plant cultivation shelf 17 and the plant cultivation shelf 67.

As shown in FIG. 3, in order to determine the separation distance H2 between the plant cultivation shelf 17 arranged above and the plant cultivation shelf 67 arranged below, the plant cultivation shelf 17 is first provided. After determining the height dimension H1 from the lower end of the tank support material 9 to the surface of the vegetation plate 55 provided on the plant cultivation shelf 67, the plant cultivation shelf 17 and the plant cultivation shelf 67 are combined in consideration of the fitting of each component. It is desirable to determine the separation distance H2.

The height dimension H1 from the lower end of the tank support material 9 provided on the plant cultivation shelf 17 to the surface of the vegetation plate 55 provided on the plant cultivation shelf 67 is the type of plant 51 to be cultivated (height after growth, etc.) and the height dimension H1. It is desirable to determine it by the amount of heat radiation of the lighting equipment 7 to be used, the distance from the light source position to the plant 51, and the like, but in the case of leaf lettuce, for example, it is desirable to set it in the range of about 180 mm to 220 mm.

Further, the separation distance H2 between the plant cultivation shelf 17 and the plant cultivation shelf 67 is determined by adding the height dimension of each equipment provided in the plant cultivation shelf 17 to the height dimension H1 set above. As shown, the height dimension H1 can be set to about 300 mm by creatively devising the structure of the plant cultivation shelf and further adjusting the dimensions of each part as appropriate (height dimension H1 is set to 180 mm to 220 mm). case.).

4. Hydroponic cultivation device 1 provided with a plant cultivation shelf 17
Next, the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1 of the present embodiment provided with the plant cultivation shelf 17 will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 4A and 4B. 4 (a) and 4 (b) are views showing the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1 of the present embodiment provided with a plant cultivation shelf 17, and FIG. 4 (a) is a conventional hydroponic cultivation apparatus. It is a side view which looked at 101 in the long direction X, and FIG. 4 (b) is a side view which looked at the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1 of this embodiment from a long direction X.

The hydroponic cultivation device 1 of the present embodiment provided with the plant cultivation shelf 17 having the above-mentioned structure has the same height dimension H1 in the cultivation area as compared with the conventional hydroponic cultivation device 101. While maintaining the height, the height dimension H4 from the floor surface 201 to the vegetation plate 5 provided on the uppermost plant cultivation shelf 17 can be set low. In addition, the plant cultivation shelves 17 can be arranged in more stages.

More specifically, in the conventional hydroponic cultivation device 101, when the height dimension H1 in the cultivation area is set, the lighting device 107 is connected and fixed to the lower end of the tank support member 109, so that the lighting device 107 The distance from the lower end of the vegetation plate 105 to the surface of the vegetation plate 105 arranged below is adopted. Therefore, the distance H3 between the plant cultivation shelves 117 included in the conventional hydroponic cultivation device 101 includes a vegetation plate 105, a lighting support material 111 including a roller 113, a tank support material 109, and a lighting device 107. The height dimension H1 in the cultivation area is added to the sum of the height dimensions in (see FIG. 4A).

On the other hand, in the hydroponic cultivation device 1 of the present embodiment, when the height dimension H1 in the cultivation area is set, the lighting device 7 is directly connected and fixed to the lower end of the lighting support material 11 as described above. The distance from the lower end of the tank support member 9 to the surface of the vegetation plate 5 arranged below is adopted. Therefore, the distance H2 between the plant cultivation shelves 17 provided in the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1 is the height dimension of the vegetation plate 5, the lighting support material 11 including the roller 13, and the tank support material 9. The height dimension H1 in the cultivation area is added to the sum of the above (see FIG. 4 (b)). That is, the separation distance H2 of the main hydroponic cultivation device can be set lower than the separation distance H3 of the conventional hydroponic cultivation device 101 by the height dimension of the lighting device 7.

Further, if the separation distance H3 between the plant cultivation shelves 117 provided in the conventional hydroponic cultivation device 101 is about 400 mm as described above, if the plant cultivation shelves 117 are arranged in five stages, the floor surface 201 to the uppermost stage The height dimension H5 to the surface of the vegetation plate 105 provided on the plant cultivation shelf 117 is about 2000 mm, and if it is configured in more stages, it becomes difficult for a general adult worker to carry out cultivation work (FIG. 4 (FIG. 4). a) See). The height dimension of the plant cultivation shelf 117 at the bottom from the floor surface 201 is set in the same manner as the separation distance H3.

On the other hand, since the separation distance H2 between the plant cultivation shelves 17 provided in the hydroponic cultivation device 1 of the present embodiment can be set to about 300 mm as described above, the plant cultivation shelves 17 are similarly arranged in five stages. However, the height dimension H4 from the floor surface 201 to the surface of the vegetation plate 5 provided on the uppermost plant cultivation shelf 17 can be suppressed to about 1500 mm, and the plant cultivation shelf 17 can be further increased in consideration of the workability of the operator. Even if 6 shelves are added, the height dimension H4 is about 1800 mm, and the cultivation amount per floor area can be effectively improved by further increasing the number of shelves while maintaining workability. The height dimension of the plant cultivation shelf 17 at the bottom from the floor surface 201 is set in the same manner as the separation distance H2.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the drawings, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments and is not limited to the spirit and teaching of the claims. There are improved and modified examples of. It is easily understood by those skilled in the art that all such improvements and modifications are included in the technical scope of the present invention.

In the hydroponic cultivation apparatus in the present embodiment, the separation distance between the plant cultivation shelves can be set short, and the cultivation amount per floor area is effectively achieved by achieving further multistage while maintaining workability. It will improve.

1 Hydroponic cultivation device 3 Hydroponic cultivation tank 5 Vegetation plate 7 Lighting device 9 Tank support material 11 Lighting support material 13 Roller 15 Structural frame 17 Plant cultivation shelf 19 Planting hole 51 Plant 55 Planting plate 67 Plant cultivation shelf 101 Hydroponic cultivation device 103 Hydroponic cultivation tank 105 Vegetation plate 107 Lighting device 109 Tank support material 111 Lighting support material 113 Roller 115 Structural frame 117 Plant cultivation shelf 201 Floor surface P1 Tank support material lower end position P2 Lighting device lower end position H1 Height dimension H2 Separation distance H3 Separation distance H4 Height dimension H5 Height dimension X Long direction Y Short direction

Claims (4)

It has a plant cultivation shelf equipped with a hydroponic cultivation tank which is a long water tank, a tank support material, a lighting device, a lighting support material, and a vegetation plate.
The hydroponic cultivation tank is arranged above the tank support material, and the hydroponic cultivation tank is arranged.
The long direction of the hydroponic cultivation tank and the long direction of the lighting support material have a positional relationship that is substantially parallel to each other, and the long direction of the lighting device and the long direction of the lighting support material. , Are arranged approximately orthogonally,
The vegetation plate is arranged above the hydroponic cultivation tank, and the vegetation plate is arranged above the hydroponic cultivation tank.
The lighting device is arranged below the lighting support material, and the lower end of the lighting device is located above the lower end of the tank support material.
The plant cultivation shelves are formed in multiple stages,
A hydroponic cultivation device featuring. The vegetation plate is solidly formed using synthetic resin.
The hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to claim 1. The lighting support material has the function of a conveyor for moving the vegetation plate.
The hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to claim 1 or 2. The lighting device is configured by using an LED light source.
The hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

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