JP7090535B2 - Harvester - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a harvester provided with a threshing device for threshing cut grain culms and a straw shredding device for shredding straw after threshing.

In the above harvester, conventionally, the straw shredding device is provided with a rotating body that rotates at high speed around an axis extending in the left-right direction of the machine, and is fixed to a plurality of rotating blades provided on the outer peripheral portion of the rotating body. The fixed blade provided in the state is configured to shred the straw (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

The straw shredding device may be supplied with a large amount of straw, or may be contaminated with stones or other hard contaminants in the transported straw. When the rotary blade cuts such a large amount of straw and contaminants, the straw and contaminants are not cut immediately, the weight balance of the rotating body is lost, and the straw shredding device may vibrate. .. Further, since the rotating body rotates at a high speed, there is a risk that the rotary blade may be damaged by a large amount of straw and impurities. Damage to the rotary blade causes greater vibration in the straw shredding device. When the straw shredding device vibrates, the straw shredding device and other devices of the harvester may break down due to the vibration.

However, even if vibration or the like occurs, it is difficult for the worker to notice the vibration or the like because he / she is in the driver's seat. In the case of a driver's seat with a cabin, it is even more difficult for the work vehicle to notice vibrations and the like. Therefore, in some conventional harvesters, a vibration sensor is provided in the straw shredding device to notify the operator that a large vibration has occurred (see, for example, Patent Document 2).

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2017-86021 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2018-8425

However, when such vibration is detected, it is common to stop the threshing work and the work running in order to prevent the straw shredding device and other devices of the harvester from failing. If the threshing work or work running is stopped, the work will be delayed by that amount. Since vibration is generated by various factors, there was a case of erroneous detection of vibration that does not require threshing work or work running to be stopped (referred to as erroneous detection of vibration). It is desired to prevent the work from being stopped due to such erroneous detection of vibration.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to suppress erroneous detection of vibration and perform efficient work.

In order to achieve the above object, the harvester according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a threshing device for threshing the harvested crop and a shredding device for shredding the stems after the threshing by the threshing device. , The vibration sensor for detecting the vibration of the shredding device, the notification unit, the measuring unit for continuously measuring the time when the detected value of the vibration sensor continuously exceeds a predetermined threshold value as the continuous abnormal time, and the continuous unit. It is equipped with a notification command unit that notifies the notification unit of a warning when the abnormal time exceeds a predetermined time .
The shredding device includes a rotating body to which a plurality of rotary blades are attached and is rotatable around an axis extending in the left-right direction of the machine, and a rotating body that covers the rotating body and rotatably supports the rotating body around the axis. With a case,
A vibration sensor that detects the vibration of the shredding device is supported by the case.
A power input unit for transmitting power is provided on one end side of the rotating body in the left-right direction.
The vibration sensor is supported only in the vicinity of the other end side of the rotating body in the left-right direction of the rotating body in the case.

With such a configuration, it is determined that the vibration that causes a failure in the shredding device or the like is generated only after the vibration of a predetermined value or more continues for a continuous abnormal time or more. Therefore, false detection of vibration, which is unlikely to cause a problem, is suppressed, and unnecessary threshing work and work running are suppressed. As a result, it is possible to suppress erroneous detection of vibration and continuously perform efficient work.

Further, it is preferable that the measuring unit resets the continuous abnormal time when the detected value falls below the threshold value while measuring the continuous abnormal time.

With such a configuration, it is possible to reliably determine that vibration of a predetermined value or more continues for a continuous abnormal time or longer, accurately suppress false detection of vibration, and perform efficient work continuously. Become.

Further, a detection value calculation unit may be provided in which the detection results of the vibration sensor are continuously input and the average value of the vibration is output to the measurement unit as the detection value at predetermined cycles.

The detection of vibration by the vibration sensor causes an error due to various factors. In addition, vibration may be transmitted to the straw shredding device from the outside. By calculating the average value of vibration as a detected value for each cycle, it is possible to suppress such errors and variations in detected vibration due to external influences, and to obtain a more accurate detected value. As a result, it is possible to accurately suppress false detection of vibration and continuously perform efficient work.

It is an overall side view of a combine. It is a vertical sectional side view of a threshing device. It is a side view of the straw shredding device. It is a cross-sectional plan view of the straw shredding device. It is a side view of the vibration sensor arrangement part. It is a cross-sectional plan view of the vibration sensor arrangement part. It is a vertical sectional rear view of the vibration sensor arrangement part. It is a control block diagram.

A mode for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the following description, the direction of the arrow F shown in FIG. 1 is the "front side of the aircraft", the direction of the arrow B is the "rear side of the aircraft", the direction on the left side toward the direction of the arrow F is the "left side of the aircraft", and the arrow F. The direction on the right side of the aircraft is the "right side of the aircraft".

[Overall composition of combine]
FIG. 1 shows a normal combine as an example of a harvester. The combine is provided with an airframe frame 1 and a crawler traveling device 2. In front of the machine, a cutting section 3 for cutting planted culms (corresponding to crops) is provided. The cutting unit 3 is provided with a scraping reel 4 for scraping the planted culm, a cutting blade 5 for cutting the planted culm, and a scraping auger 6 for scraping the harvested harvested culm. There is.

A driving cabin 7 is provided on the right side of the front part of the airframe. Behind the operating cabin 7, a grain storage tank 8 for storing the grains after the threshing process is provided. On the left side of the grain storage tank 8, a threshing device 9 for threshing the cut grain culm is provided. A feeder 10 for transporting the harvested culm toward the threshing device 9 is provided across the cutting section 3 and the threshing device 9. A grain discharge device 11 for discharging the grains in the grain storage tank 8 to the outside is provided. The grain discharging device 11 is provided with a vertical transport unit 11A and a horizontal transport unit 11B. The lower end of the vertical transport portion 11A is communicated with the grain storage tank 8. The horizontal transport portion 11B is connected to the upper end portion of the vertical transport portion 11A so as to be swingable up and down. At the rear of the threshing device 9, a straw shredding device 12 (corresponding to a shredding device) for shredding the straw (corresponding to a stem culm) after the threshing process by the threshing device 9 is provided.

[Threshing device]
As shown in FIG. 2, a handling chamber 13 is formed in the upper part of the threshing device 9. The handling chamber 13 is provided with a handling cylinder 14. The handling cylinder 14 can rotate around the axis Y1 extending in the front-rear direction of the machine body. A receiving net 15 is provided below the handling cylinder 14. At the bottom of the threshing device 9, there is a rocking sorting device 16 that sifts and sorts objects to be sorted while transferring them to the rear of the machine, a wall insert 17 that blows sorting air to the rocking sorting device 16, and the grain of the first grain (single). The first collection unit 18 for collecting (granulated grains, etc.) and the second collection unit 19 for collecting the second grain (grains with branch stalks, etc.) are provided.

[Straw shredding device]
As shown in FIG. 2, the straw shredding device 12 has a rotating body 21 to which a plurality of rotary blades 20 are attached and is rotatable around an axis X1 extending in the left-right direction of the machine, and a rotating body 21 that covers and covers the rotating body 21. It has a straw-discharging case 22 as a case that rotatably supports the 21 around the shaft core X1, and a plurality of fixed blades 23 attached to the straw-discharging case 22.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the straw discharge case 22 covers the rotating body 21 and rotatably supports the rotating body 21 around the axis X1. The straw case 22 is provided with a top plate 24 that covers the upper part of the rotating body 21, a pair of left and right side plates 25, and a bottom plate 26 that is located on the lower side of the rotating body 21. On the upper side of the straw discharge case 22, a dust discharge guide cylinder 27 for guiding the fine dust blown off by the wall insert 17 to the outside is provided. The straw shredding device 12 shreds the straw that has not been discharged from the dust guide cylinder 27 by the plurality of fixed blades 23 and the plurality of rotary blades 20.

As shown in FIG. 4, the rotating body 21 is laid horizontally across the left side plate 25 and the right side plate 25. The rotating body 21 is a cylindrical body that can rotate around the axis X1 extending in the left-right direction of the machine body. Shafts 28 are provided on both sides of the rotating body 21 in the left-right direction, and each of the shafts 28 is rotatably supported by bearing members 29 provided on the left and right side plates 25.

A power input unit 30 for transmitting power is provided at the left end portion of the rotating body 21 (an example of one end side in the left-right direction of the machine body). That is, as shown in FIG. 4, the left shaft portion 28 projects laterally outward from the side plate 25, and a transmission pulley 31 is provided at the protruding portion of the shaft portion 28 to transmit power from an engine (not shown). It is transmitted via the belt 32. The rotating body 21 rotates at a high speed of, for example, several thousand rotations per minute.

A plurality of rotary blades 20 are radially attached to the rotating body 21 around the axis X1. That is, as shown in FIG. 2, the plurality of rotary blades 20 are radially attached to the outer peripheral portion of the rotating body 21 at different positions at intervals of about 90 degrees in a side view and at intervals in the axial core direction. .. As shown in FIG. 4, the fixed blade 23 is provided in a state of being located between the plurality of rotary blades 20 along the axis X1 direction and in a state of inserting the bottom plate 26. Although not described in detail, the fixed blade 23 can be switched between an operating state located in the rotation locus of the rotary blade 20 and a non-action state deviating from the rotation locus of the rotary blade 20 in a side view by operating the switching lever 33. It is configured in.

As shown in FIG. 2, the straw discharge case 22 is formed with an input port 34 into which the straw discharged from the threshing device 9 is charged and a discharge port 35 in which the straw discharged after the shredding process is discharged to the outside. .. A guide cover 36 for guiding the straw discharged after the shredding process to the rear lower side is attached to the discharge port 35.

As shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, reinforcing members 37 extending in the front-rear direction are provided at the inner upper side portions of the left and right side plates 25, and the reinforcing members 37 are connected to the side plates 25 by a plurality of bolts Bo. ing. Reinforcing members 37 on both the left and right sides are integrally connected by an erection member 38 extending in the left-right direction and erected over them. The frame body is composed of a pair of left and right reinforcing members 37 and an erection member 38. The strength of the straw-removing case 22 is maintained by this frame body.

[Vibration sensor]
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a vibration sensor 39 for detecting the vibration of the straw shredding device 12 is provided. The vibration sensor 39 is supported in the vicinity of the right side portion of the rotating body 21 (an example of the portion on the other end side in the left-right direction of the machine body) of the straw exhaust case 22. Specifically, it is attached to the lateral outer surface of the upper side portion of the right side plate 25 of the straw discharge case 22.

As shown in FIGS. 5 and 7, the side plate 25 on the right side of the straw discharge case 22 is formed with a bent portion 40 bent so as to extend in the left-right direction of the machine along the peripheral edge portion. Then, at the upper portion of the bent portion 40, the top plate 24 as the upper member is placed from above and connected in the vertical direction by a plurality of bolts Bo. In this way, the upper portion of the bent portion 40 constitutes the connecting portion 41 with respect to the top plate 24. That is, a connecting portion 41 bent so as to extend in the left-right direction of the machine body is formed at the upper end of the corner portion formed by the top plate 24 and the right side plate 25. Further, as described above, a reinforcing member 37 extending in the front-rear direction is provided at a portion on the inner upper side of the right side plate 25.

As shown in FIGS. 5, 6 and 7, the vibration sensor 39 is fastened and connected to the reinforcing member 37 at a position overlapping the reinforcing member 37 in the left-right direction of the machine body on the outer side of the right side plate 25. It is supported. That is, a welding bolt 42 that inserts the reinforcing member 37 and the right side plate 25 and projects outward on the right side is provided. By abutting the vibration sensor 39 from the outer side of the right side plate 25 so that the welding bolt 42 inserts the insertion hole 43 formed in the vibration sensor 39, the nut 44 is attached to the welding bolt 42 and fastened. , The vibration sensor 39 is fastened and connected to the reinforcing member 37 and the side plate 25.

The vibration sensor 39 is supported at a position on the side plate 25 substantially above the rotating body 21. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3, the vibration sensor 39 is arranged substantially above the rotating body 21 in the side view while being within the maximum width L1 in the front-rear direction of the outer end rotation locus of the rotary blade 20. Has been done. The vibration sensor 39 is composed of an acceleration sensor having a well-known structure. The vibration sensor 39 can detect acceleration displacements in the vertical direction and the front-rear direction of the machine, respectively. The vibration of the straw discharge case 22 is assumed to vibrate not only in a specific direction but in all directions, but it is configured to detect the vibration in the vertical direction and the vibration in the front-rear direction of the machine body.

[Vibration abnormality detection]
As shown in FIG. 8, a control unit 46 for determining that a vibration abnormality has occurred based on the detection result of the vibration sensor 39 and operating the notification unit 45 is provided. The control unit 46 includes an input unit 49, a detection value calculation unit 50, a measurement unit 51, and a notification command unit 48.

The input unit 49 continuously acquires the detection result of the vibration sensor 39 and outputs it to the detection value calculation unit 50.

The detection value calculation unit 50 calculates the detection value of the vibration sensor at predetermined intervals from the input detection result of the vibration sensor 39. For example, the cycle can be 10 mmsec, and the average value of the detection results of the vibration sensor 39 continuously input is calculated as the detection value of the vibration sensor 39 for each cycle (10 mmsec). The calculated detection value of the vibration sensor 39 is output to the measuring unit 51. The detected value of the vibration sensor 39 is not limited to the average value of the detection results, and may be calculated by another method. For example, the detection results that are continuously detected may be converted into a function, the functions may be integrated, and the value may be used as the detection value of the vibration sensor 39 of that period. Further, the detection result of the vibration sensor 39 may be either a detection value of vertical vibration or a detection value of vibration in the front-rear direction of the machine, and a detection value of vibration in the up-down direction and a detection value of vibration in the front-back direction of the machine. It may be judged by the total value, or it may be judged by the average value.

The measurement unit 51 determines whether or not the detection value of the vibration sensor 39 calculated by the detection value calculation unit 50 exceeds a predetermined threshold value. Judgment based on the threshold value is performed every cycle. A cycle in which the detection value of the vibration sensor 39 exceeds a predetermined threshold value is determined to be an abnormal cycle. The determination result of whether or not the cycle is abnormal is transmitted to the notification command unit 48 in order for each cycle.

The notification command unit 48 counts the received abnormal cycles and determines whether or not the abnormal cycles have been continued a predetermined number of times. For example, when the notification command unit 48 continuously determines that the abnormal cycle is 1000 cycles (10 sec) continuously, it determines that the straw shredding device 12 is experiencing abnormal vibration. When the notification command unit 48 receives the determination result that the cycle is not an abnormal cycle even once in the middle, the count is returned to 0 (reset), and then the determination result that the cycle is an abnormal cycle is received. Then, counting is performed again from 1 to a predetermined number of times. Then, when the notification command unit 48 determines that abnormal vibration has occurred, it issues a command (notification command) to notify the notification unit 45 to that effect. The notification unit 45 is composed of, for example, a speaker and a display device, and notifies an abnormality of the straw shredding device 12 by display or sound based on a notification command from the notification command unit 48.

One of the typical causes of abnormal vibration is damage to the rotary blade 20 (see FIG. 2). Therefore, when the notification command unit 48 determines that abnormal vibration has occurred, the display device, which is the notification unit 45, may indicate that the rotary blade 20 (see FIG. 2) has been damaged. Further, as the occurrence of abnormal vibration continues, the possibility that a serious abnormality has occurred increases, and the possibility that the straw shredding device 12 or the like fails increases. Therefore, the notification command unit 48 may change the notification content according to the time during which the abnormal vibration continues. For example, in the case of notification by a speaker, a short notification sound (buzzer or the like) is continuously notified at intervals, and the intervals can be changed according to the time during which the abnormal vibration continues. Specifically, when the abnormal vibration continues for a short time, the interval is lengthened, and as the abnormal vibration continues for a long time, the interval is shortened. The shorter the interval between short notification sounds, the higher the urgency is given, so the importance of abnormal vibration is more clearly communicated. If the time during which the abnormal vibration continues becomes longer than a certain time, a continuous notification sound may be notified.

For some reason, the vibration sensor 39 may temporarily detect vibration even if the rotary blade 20 (see FIG. 2) of the straw shredding device 12 is not damaged. Such vibration rarely causes a failure of the straw shredding device 12, etc., and stopping the work or the like by detecting such vibration significantly deteriorates the work efficiency. As described above, when the vibration generated in the straw shredding device 12 is detected and the vibration exceeding a predetermined threshold value is continuously detected for a certain period (a certain time) or more, the control unit 46 discharges the vibration. It is determined that abnormal vibration is generated in the straw shredding device 12. This makes it possible to suppress erroneous detection of vibrations that do not need to stop work, etc. as abnormal vibrations, and to accurately detect and deal with abnormal vibrations that require work, etc. to stop. , It is possible to suppress erroneous detection of abnormal vibration and perform efficient work.

[Another Embodiment]
(1) Although the configuration in which the input unit 49, the detection value calculation unit 50, the measurement unit 51, and the notification command unit 48 are provided in the control unit 46 is exemplified, these may be configured by appropriately combining them. Each may be composed of a plurality of functional parts. Further, the function of the control unit 46 is not limited to being configured by hardware, and may be configured by software.

(2) The configuration and installation layout of the vibration sensor 39 are not limited to the configuration of the above embodiment, and are arbitrary. For example, the vibration sensor 39 is not limited to the configuration supported in the vicinity of the right side portion of the rotating body 21, and may be supported in the vicinity of the left side portion . Further , the vibration sensor 39 is not limited to the configuration in which the vibration sensor 39 is supported at a position substantially above the rotating body 21 in the straw exhaust case 22, but also in a configuration where the vibration sensor 39 is supported at a position directly above the rotating body 21. Good . Further, the vibration sensor 39 is supported in the vicinity of the corner of the straw case 22, but instead of this configuration, the vibration sensor 39 is flat and separated from the corner of the straw case 22. It may be configured to be supported by the surface portion.
Further, the vibration sensor 39 is supported by the side plate 25 of the straw exhaust case 22, but instead of this configuration, it may be supported by the top plate 24 of the straw exhaust case 22 and is supported by the bottom plate 26. It may be configured. Further, the vibration sensor 39 is supported in a state of being co-tightened and connected to the reinforcing member 37, but instead of this configuration, the vibration sensor 39 is simply supported by the straw case 22 without providing the reinforcing member. It may be configured.

(3) In the above embodiment, when the abnormality determination unit 47 determines that the straw shredding device 12 is abnormal, the notification unit 45 is configured to perform notification, but instead of such notification processing. Alternatively, or in addition to that, a process of reducing the rotation speed of the straw shredding device 12 or a process of stopping the engine may be executed.

(4) The configuration of the straw shredding device 12 is also arbitrary as long as it can shred the straw, and the rotary blade 20 and the fixed blade 23 are replaced with a disk-shaped rotary blade or the like. You can also do it. Further, the straw shredding device 12 can shred not only straw but also various stalks (emissions) generated after threshing.

The present invention is not limited to ordinary combine harvesters, but can be applied to head-feeding combine harvesters. It can also be applied to a harvester capable of harvesting rice, wheat, corn, soybean, etc. Furthermore, it can be applied not only to crawlers but also to harvesters that run on wheels.

9: Threshing device 12: Straw shredding device 39: Vibration sensor 46: Control unit 48: Notification command unit 50: Detection value calculation unit 51: Measurement unit

Claims (3)

A threshing device that threshes the harvested crops,
A shredding device for shredding the stem culm after the threshing process by the threshing device,
A vibration sensor that detects the vibration of the shredding device, and
Notification unit and
A measurement unit that continuously measures the time when the detected value of the vibration sensor exceeds a predetermined threshold value as a continuous abnormal time.
A notification command unit for notifying the notification unit of a warning when the continuous abnormal time exceeds a predetermined time is provided .
The shredding device includes a rotating body to which a plurality of rotary blades are attached and is rotatable around an axis extending in the left-right direction of the machine, and a rotating body that covers the rotating body and rotatably supports the rotating body around the axis. With a case,
A vibration sensor that detects the vibration of the shredding device is supported by the case.
A power input unit for transmitting power is provided on one end side of the rotating body in the left-right direction.
A harvester in which the vibration sensor is supported only in the vicinity of the other end side of the rotating body in the left-right direction of the case . The harvester according to claim 1, wherein the measuring unit resets the continuous abnormal time when the detected value falls below the threshold value while measuring the continuous abnormal time. The first or second aspect of the present invention comprising a detection value calculation unit in which the detection results of the vibration sensor are continuously input and the average value of the vibration is output to the measurement unit as the detection value at predetermined cycles. Harvester.

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