JP6840666B2 - 新規なアントラニル酸誘導体 - Google Patents
新規なアントラニル酸誘導体 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6840666B2 JP6840666B2 JP2017517122A JP2017517122A JP6840666B2 JP 6840666 B2 JP6840666 B2 JP 6840666B2 JP 2017517122 A JP2017517122 A JP 2017517122A JP 2017517122 A JP2017517122 A JP 2017517122A JP 6840666 B2 JP6840666 B2 JP 6840666B2
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- 201000005787 hematologic cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002489 hematologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000024200 hematopoietic and lymphoid system neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-M hexadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- MBVAHHOKMIRXLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazine Chemical compound C1=CN=CC2=NC=CN21 MBVAHHOKMIRXLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002883 imidazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009169 immunotherapy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001041 indolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- VBCVPMMZEGZULK-NRFANRHFSA-N indoxacarb Chemical compound C([C@@]1(OC2)C(=O)OC)C3=CC(Cl)=CC=C3C1=NN2C(=O)N(C(=O)OC)C1=CC=C(OC(F)(F)F)C=C1 VBCVPMMZEGZULK-NRFANRHFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006713 insertion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003834 intracellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004020 intracellular membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000001990 intravenous administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229960002725 isoflurane Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000002183 isoquinolinyl group Chemical group C1(=NC=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000003041 laboratory chemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008101 lactose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940070765 laurate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004020 luminiscence type Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000005202 lung cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000020816 lung neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019359 magnesium stearate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003211 malignant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000594 mannitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010355 mannitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003550 marker Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000006082 mold release agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002950 monocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002757 morpholinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- VMGAPWLDMVPYIA-HIDZBRGKSA-N n'-amino-n-iminomethanimidamide Chemical compound N\N=C\N=N VMGAPWLDMVPYIA-HIDZBRGKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000005487 naphthalate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229930014626 natural product Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012633 nuclear imaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000269 nucleophilic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940049964 oleate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004006 olive oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000008390 olive oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000004768 organ dysfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002018 overexpression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001715 oxadiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000160 oxazolidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002971 oxazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000312 peanut oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000144 pharmacologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035479 physiological effects, processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035790 physiological processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004193 piperazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003386 piperidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012636 positron electron tomography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001592 potato starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000425 proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229950010131 puromycin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000002098 pyridazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000714 pyrimidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000001698 pyrogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000168 pyrrolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002943 quinolinyl group Chemical group N1=C(C=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- BOLDJAUMGUJJKM-LSDHHAIUSA-N renifolin D Natural products CC(=C)[C@@H]1Cc2c(O)c(O)ccc2[C@H]1CC(=O)c3ccc(O)cc3O BOLDJAUMGUJJKM-LSDHHAIUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000032537 response to toxin Effects 0.000 description 1
- PYWVYCXTNDRMGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodamine B Chemical compound [Cl-].C=12C=CC(=[N+](CC)CC)C=C2OC2=CC(N(CC)CC)=CC=C2C=1C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O PYWVYCXTNDRMGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007363 ring formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008159 sesame oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011803 sesame oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001027 sodium carboxymethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012312 sodium hydride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940079827 sodium hydrogen sulfite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010267 sodium hydrogen sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010356 sorbitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003432 sterols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000003702 sterols Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L succinate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CCC([O-])=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000829 suppository Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003765 sweetening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009885 systemic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940095064 tartrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000000147 tetrahydroquinolinyl group Chemical group N1(CCCC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000003831 tetrazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229940126585 therapeutic drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002560 therapeutic procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004797 therapeutic response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001113 thiadiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000335 thiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001544 thienyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000036962 time dependent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960000303 topotecan Drugs 0.000 description 1
- UCFGDBYHRUNTLO-QHCPKHFHSA-N topotecan Chemical compound C1=C(O)C(CN(C)C)=C2C=C(CN3C4=CC5=C(C3=O)COC(=O)[C@]5(O)CC)C4=NC2=C1 UCFGDBYHRUNTLO-QHCPKHFHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000196 tragacanth Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010487 tragacanth Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940116362 tragacanth Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 108091005703 transmembrane proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000035160 transmembrane proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 102000040811 transporter activity Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108091092194 transporter activity Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 125000004306 triazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
- 238000007039 two-step reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940070710 valerate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric acid Chemical compound CCCCC(O)=O NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FCFNRCROJUBPLU-DNDCDFAISA-N valinomycin Chemical compound CC(C)[C@@H]1NC(=O)[C@H](C)OC(=O)[C@@H](C(C)C)NC(=O)[C@@H](C(C)C)OC(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](C)OC(=O)[C@@H](C(C)C)NC(=O)[C@@H](C(C)C)OC(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](C)OC(=O)[C@@H](C(C)C)NC(=O)[C@@H](C(C)C)OC1=O FCFNRCROJUBPLU-DNDCDFAISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001722 verapamil Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000012800 visualization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K51/00—Preparations containing radioactive substances for use in therapy or testing in vivo
- A61K51/02—Preparations containing radioactive substances for use in therapy or testing in vivo characterised by the carrier, i.e. characterised by the agent or material covalently linked or complexing the radioactive nucleus
- A61K51/04—Organic compounds
- A61K51/041—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K51/044—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine, rifamycins
- A61K51/0455—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine, rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
- C07D401/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings
- C07D401/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07B—GENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C07B2200/00—Indexing scheme relating to specific properties of organic compounds
- C07B2200/05—Isotopically modified compounds, e.g. labelled
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Antibodies Or Antigens For Use As Internal Diagnostic Agents (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Plural Heterocyclic Compounds (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
Description
(1)化合物1をO−ベンジル化して、3−(ベンジルオキシ)−4−メトキシベンズアルデヒド(化合物2)を得る。
(2)3−(ベンジルオキシ)−4−メトキシベンズアルデヒドをニトロメタンと縮合させて、(E)−2−(ベンジルオキシ)−1−メトキシ−4−(2−ニトロビニル)ベンゼン(化合物3)を得る。
(3)(E)−2−(ベンジルオキシ)−1−メトキシ−4−(2−ニトロビニル)ベンゼンを還元して、2−(3−(ベンジルオキシ)−4−メトキシフェニル)エタンアミン(化合物4)を得る。
(4)2−(3−(ベンジルオキシ)−4−メトキシフェニル)エタンアミンをパラホルムアルデヒドとギ酸で環化し、化合物5を得る。
(5)化合物5を1−(2−ブロモエチル)−4−ニトロベンゼンでN−アルキル化して、7−(ベンジルオキシ)−6−メトキシ−2−(4−ニトロフェネチル)−1,2,3,4−テトラヒドロイソキノリン(化合物6)を得る。
(6)化合物6を還元して、2−(4−アミノフェネチル)−6−メトキシ−1,2,3,4−テトラヒドロイソキノリン−7−オール(化合物7)を得る。
(7)化合物7を3,4−ジメトキシベンゾイルクロライドでアミド化して、N−(4−(2−(6−ヒドロキシ−7−メトキシ−3,4−ジヒドロイソキノリン−2(1H)−イル)エチル)フェニル)−4,5−ジメトキシ−2−ニトロベンズアミド(化合物8)を得る。
(8)化合物8を還元して、2−アミノ−N−(4−(2−(6−ヒドロキシ−7−メトキシ−3,4−ジヒドロイソキノリン−2(1H)−イル)エチル)フェニル)−4,5−ジメトキシベンズアミド(化合物9)を得る。
(9)化合物9を化合物10でアミド化して、式2aの中間体を得る。
(a)式1の放射性標識化合物の第1の量を被験体に投与する;
(b)式1の放射性標識化合物によって被検体内の対象領域内に放出された放射線に対応する信号を、イン サイチュウ(in situ)センサーから検出する;
(c)信号を被検体の外部に中継する;
(d)検出と中継ステップを、周期的にまたは異なる時間間隔、一般的に少なくとも約0.25〜24時間の間隔で繰り返す;
(e)信号を経時的にモニターする。
(1)ラクトース、グルコースおよびスクロースなどの糖;(2)トウモロコシデンプン、ジャガイモデンプン、および置換または非置換β−シクロデキストリンなどのデンプン;(3)カルボキシメチルセルロースナトリウム、エチルセルロース、および酢酸セルロースなどのセルロースおよびその誘導体;(4)粉末トラガカント;(5)麦芽;(6)ゼラチン;(7)タルク;(8)カカオバターおよび座薬ワックスなどの賦形剤;(9)ピーナツ油、綿実油、ベニバナ油、ゴマ油、オリーブ油、トウモロコシ油、大豆油などの油類;(10)プロピレングリコールなどのグリコール類;(11)グリセリン、ソルビトール、マンニトール、およびポリエチレングリコールなどのポリオール;(12)オレイン酸エチル、ラウリン酸エチルなどのエステル類;(13)寒天;(14)水酸化マグネシウムおよび水酸化アルミニウムなどのバッファー剤;(15)アルギン酸;(16)発熱物質を含まない水;(17)等張食塩水;(18)リンゲル液;(19)エチルアルコール;(20)リン酸バッファー液;(21)医薬製剤に用いられるその他非毒性適合物質。
化合物1(250g、1.645mmol、1当量)のメタノール(3L)溶液を室温で撹拌し、炭酸カリウム(340.4g、2.467mmol、1.5当量)およびヨウ化ナトリウム(24.7g、0.164mmol、0.1当量)および塩化ベンジル(246mL、2.138mmol、1.3当量)を加えた。反応混合物を20分間撹拌し、還流(内部温度:60〜65℃)に加熱し、16時間還流し続けた。反応の進行をTLCでモニターし、化合物1が完全になくなるまで続けた。次いで、反応混合物を室温に迄冷却し、氷水(7L)でクエンチし、ガム状液体を形成させた。水層をデカントした。その後、水(2L)を反応混合物に加え、2時間撹拌し、濾過した。この化合物をメタノール(500mL)および石油エーテル(2×500mL)で洗浄した。得られた化合物を乾燥した。得られた最終化合物は、白色固体(TLCシステム:50%CHCl3/石油エーテル、Rf:0.8)の化合物2であった(1125g、94.8%)。
化合物2(385g、1.591mmol、1当量)の酢酸(2.5L、10v)溶液を、室温で酢酸アンモニウム(306.5g、3.977mmol、2.5当量)に加え、15分間撹拌した。この溶液に室温でニトロメタン(255.5mL、4.773mmol、3当量)を、色が無色から淡黄色に変化する迄滴下して加えた。ニトロメタンの添加が完了した後、反応混合物を室温で30分間撹拌し、還流(内部温度:105〜115℃)まで加熱した。反応混合物を4時間還流し、濾過した。固体を、メタノール中で30分間撹拌し続けて洗浄し、濾過した。化合物を脱水石油エーテル(2×1L)で洗浄した。得られた最終化合物は、白色固体(TLCシステム:50%CHCl3/DCM、Rf:0.8)の化合物3であった(405g、89.3%)。
化合物3(400g、1.403mmol、1当量)の脱水THF(1L)溶液を、水素化リチウムアルミニウム(80g、2.10mmol、1.5当量)のTHF中懸濁液に、反応の内部温度が−10℃を超えないようにしながら−30℃〜−10℃で滴下した。出発物質の添加が終わった後、反応混合物をゆっくりと室温に温め、室温で20時間撹拌した。化合物3が完全になくなる迄反応の進行をTLCでモニターした。反応混合物を−30℃に冷却した。次いで、内部温度を−10℃に保ちながら、水(80mL)、15%NaOH水溶液(80mL)そして水(240mL)を滴下した。その後、反応混合物を室温まで温め、3時間撹拌して過剰のLiAlH4を確実にクエンチした。反応混合物をセライトで濾過した。固体をTHF(5L)で洗浄した。有機層を合わせて濃縮した。得られた最終化合物は、褐色ガム状液体(TLCシステム:10%MeOH/CHCl3、Rf:02)の化合物4であった(405g、89.3%)。
化合物4(575g、2.237mmol、1当量)のギ酸(2.3L)溶液を撹拌し、パラホルムアルデヒドに加えた。反応混合物の温度はゆっくりと40〜45℃に上昇した。反応混合物を4時間撹拌し、化合物4が完全に消費される迄進行をTLCでモニターした。反応混合物を氷水(15L)でクエンチし、固体NaHCO3でpH=7〜8の塩基性にした。水層を酢酸エチル(5×1L)で抽出し、乾燥させ(Na2SO4)、濾過し、濃縮した。得られた粗生成物に、酢酸エチル(1L)を加え2時間撹拌した。反応混合物を濾過し、酢酸エチル(2×100mL)で洗浄し、乾燥した。得られた最終化合物は、白色固体(TLCシステム:10%MeOH/CHCl3、Rf:0.21)の化合物5であった(78g、13%)。
化合物5(78g、0.29mmol、1当量)のメタノール(1.6L、20v)溶液を、室温で撹拌し、炭酸カリウム(60g、0.43mmol、1当量)、ヨウ化ナトリウム(43.4g、0.29mmol、1当量)に加え、15分間撹拌した。1−(2−ブロモエチル)−4−ニトロベンゼンを室温で加えた。次いで、この反応混合物を65℃〜70℃に加熱し、20時間撹拌した。反応混合物を室温まで冷却し、氷水(10L)中に注いだ。水層を酢酸エチル(3×1L)で抽出した。有機層を合わせ、塩水(1L)で洗浄し、乾燥した(Na2SO4)。得られた混合物を濾過および濃縮して、褐色のガム状の液体を得た。これにエタノール(100mL)を加え、30分間超音波処理し、室温に20時間保持した。生成した化合物を濾過し、メタノール(10mL)で洗浄し、乾燥した。得られた最終化合物は、白色固体(TLCシステム:10%MeOH/CHCl3、Rf:0.6)の化合物6(75g、61.9%)であった。
化合物6(45g、0.108mmol、1L)のメタノール(150mL)とTHF(625mL)溶液(アルゴンを1時間パージ)を、室温で、容器としてパールシェーカー中の10%Pd/C(湿潤)(15g、33%w/w)に加えた。反応混合物を、90PSIのH2圧力下、室温で20時間水素化した。次いで、反応混合物を、セライト床で濾過し、TLCで所望の化合物が完全になくなる迄THFとメタノール1:1混合液(200mL×6)で洗浄した。有機層を合わせて濃縮し、得られた粗製品をメタノール(100mL)中で30分間撹拌し、濾過し、乾燥した。得られた最終化合物は、白色固体(TLCシステム:10%MeOH/CHCl3、Rf:0.3)の化合物7であった(24.7g、77%)。
化合物7(40g、0.134mmol、1当量)のトルエン(500mL)溶液に、室温で塩化チオニルに滴下して加え、30分間撹拌し、ゆっくりと100℃に加熱した。反応混合物に触媒量のDMFを滴下して加え、100℃で2時間撹拌した。反応混合物は、透明な溶液となった。透明な溶液を得た後、反応から少量のアリコートをメタノール中にクエンチし、反応の進行を、酸塩化物が完全に生成する迄TLCでモニターした。反応混合物を室温に冷却し、濃縮した。この酸塩化物をDCM(300mL)に溶解し、これに化合物7とピリジンのDCM溶液を0℃で滴下して加えた。添加が終わった後、反応混合物を室温までゆっくりと加温し、2時間撹拌した。次いで、反応混合物を飽和NaHCO3水溶液(1L)でクエンチし、濃縮した。得られた固体を濾過し、水(250mL×2)で洗浄した。この固体をDCM(5L)に溶解し、乾燥し(Na2SO4)、濾過し、濃縮した。粗化合物を酢酸エチル中10%のアセトン(2×250mL)で粉砕し、濾過し、乾燥した。得られた最終化合物は、黄色固体(TLCシステム:10%MeOH/CHCl3、Rf:0.41)の化合物8(40g、59%)であった。
化合物8(40g、78.864mmol、1当量)のTHF−メタノール1:1混合液中溶液(アルゴンで1時間パージ)に、パールシェーカー容器中、室温で10%Pd/C(湿潤)(20g、50%(w/w))を加えた。反応混合物を90PSIのH2圧下で24時間水素化した。反応混合物をセライト床で濾過し、メタノール−THF1:1混合液(3×500mL)、及びメタノール(5×250mL)で洗浄した。有機層を合わせて濃縮し、酢酸エチル(100mL)、メタノール(1×100mL)で、再び酢酸エチル(100mL)で濾過し、乾燥した。得られた最終化合物は、灰色がかった白色固体(TLCシステム:10%MeOH/CHCl3、Rf:0.41)の化合物9(30g、79%)であった。
化合物10(30g、0.063mmol、1当量)の溶液を、0℃で化合物9(30g、0.063mmol)とピリジン(25.3mL、0.314mmol)の脱水DCM(1.2L)溶液に滴下して加えた。反応混合物を、室温で20時間撹拌した。次いで、反応混合物を飽和NaHCO3溶液(500mL)でクエンチした。層に分離した。水層をDCM(3×1L)で抽出した。有機層を合わせて塩水(500mL)で洗浄し、乾燥し(Na2SO4)、濾過し、濃縮した。得られた化合物を熱メタノール(5×100mL)で粉砕し、濾過し、乾燥した。得られた最終化合物は、黄色固体(TLCシステム:10%MeOH/CHCl3、Rf:0.4)の式2aの化合物であった(15g、37.7%)。
式2a化合物(9.9g、15.66mmol、1当量)の脱水DMF溶液を、室温で炭酸セシウム(10.1g、31.329mmol、2当量)に加え、10分間撹拌した。次いで、ヨードフルオロエタン(817g、4.7mmol、0.3当量)を加え、室温で10分間撹拌した。反応混合物を60℃〜65℃に加熱した。式2a化合物が完全に消費される迄反応の進行をTLCでモニターした。反応混合物を氷水(700mL)中にクエンチし、30分間撹拌した。反応混合物を濾過し、水(100mL)で洗浄し、乾燥した。この固体を酢酸エチル(500mL)に溶解し、乾燥(Na2SO4)し、濾過し、濃縮した。得られた化合物を、メタノール(200mL)で粉砕し、濾過し、メタノール(50mL)で洗浄し、乾燥した。この化合物を、再び酢酸エチル(200mL)で粉砕し、濾過し、乾燥した。得られた最終化合物は、淡黄色固体(TLCシステム:10%MeOH/CHCl3、Rf:0.5)の式1aの化合物であった(8.4g、79.2%)。
サイクロトロン:
18F−フッ化物は、PETトレースサイクロトロン〔GEヘルスケアー(GE Healthcare)、アメリカ合衆国〕で、ニオブターゲット中、2.1mLの18O−水(富化>98%)のプロトン照射(Ep 16.7MeV、50mAで30分)で生成した。
装置:トレーサーラボ(TracerLab)Fx−FDG〔GEヘルスケアー(GE Healthcare)、アメリカ合衆国〕。
構成:シリカプレ−精製カチオンカートリッジを備えた標準配管(IBD_3_2015_I−01を参照)。標準的な洗浄手順。
放射性−HPLCは、ガビ・スター(Gabi Star)フロースルーガンマー検出器〔レイテスト(Raytest)、ドイツ〕を996フォトダイオードアレイ(Photo Diode Array)(PDA)UVディテクターと直列に結合して装備したデルタ(Delta)600ポンプシステム〔ウォータース(Waters)アメリカ合衆国〕を用いて行った。
放射性TLCは、サイクロンプラス(Cyclone PLUS)〔パーキンエルマー(Perkin−Elmer)アメリカ合衆国〕を使用して読み取った。シリカゲルプレート(アルミニウム)を、溶離剤混合物で現像し、乾燥してからSR蛍光画像化プレートに暴露した。化学および放射化学的純度は、注射前の各製剤の放射性HPLCによってコントロールした。式1bの放射性標識化合物(10%エタノール/生理食塩水)とトレーサー/タリキダール混合物(10%グルコース酸中10%DMSO)の投与に適切な製剤を開発した。
[A]MDCK−P−gp(蛍光プローブ・カルセイン(Calcein)−AM)、MDCK−BCRP(蛍光プローブ・ローダミン)およびMDCK−MRP1(蛍光プローブ・カルセイン−AM)の3種類の異なる細胞株を用いた。これらの細胞は、ヒトP−gpまたはBCRPまたはMRP1を安定に過剰発現する。
P−gp EC50=8.0±0.2nM
BCRP EC50>500nM
MRP1 EC50>500nM
2)比較のタリキダールのEC50
P−gp EC50=4.0±0.2nM
BCRP EC50>80nM
MRP1 EC50>500nM
ATP−ase細胞枯渇=1μMで20%
比較のタリキダールの結果:
ATP−ase細胞枯渇=1μMで30%
この結果は、式1aの化合物がP−gp基質より幾分弱い基質であることを示している。
カラム:C−18キネテックス−フェノメネックス(Kinetex−Phenomenex)
移動相:CH3CN/10mM−NaH2PO4=70/30、pH=3.5
流量:0.5mL/分
カラム:C−18キネテックス−フェノメネックス(C−18 Kinetex−Phenomenex)
移動相:CH3CN/10mM−NaH2PO4=70/30、pH:3.5
流量:0.5mL/分
血漿タンパク質結合を、解離定数KDで測定する。
KD=[TQD][P]/[TQD−P]
式中、[TQD−P]はタンパク質Pに結合した薬物タリキダールの濃度、[TQD]はタリキダールの遊離濃度、[P]はタンパク質の遊離濃度を表している。タリキダールは、図4に示すように、kD=6.47×10−5Mで、血漿タンパク質結合度(90.5%±1.06%)が高いことを示した。
式1aの化合物の代謝安定性は、試験化合物をラット肝ミクロソームと一緒にインキュベートし、30分間以内での親消失(parent disappearance)をHPLCでモニターすることによって評価した。
カラム温度:40℃
移動相:勾配;Aは水中0.1%ギ酸、BはMeCNで、A:Bを10分かけて95:5から30:70に、5分かけて20:80とした。
流速:0.5ml/分
注入量:50μL
変化しない形(%)
30分後:91%
60分後:85%.
式1aの化合物は、30分で91%が変化しないで残り、60分後で85%が変化しなかったので、良好な代謝安定性を示した。
細胞増殖の測定を、MTTアッセイを用いて、24時間および48時間で行った。1日目に、30,000細胞/ウェルを96ウェルプレートに100μLの容量で播種した。2日目に、種々の薬物濃度(0.1〜100μM)で添加した。全ての実験において、種々の薬物−溶媒(エタノール、DMSO)をそれぞれのコントロールに添加して、溶媒細胞傷害性の可能性を評価した。
比較のタリキダールの結果:100μMで、MDCK−MDR1において24時間に8%、48時間に19%。
1)粘膜側区画における濃度。
2)漿膜側区画/粘膜側区画における安定性。
1組の野生型マウス対象体に、式1bの化合物(すなわち、[18F]−標識した式1aの化合物)を注射した。トレーサー化合物を注入して直ぐに、マイクロPET/CTシステムを使用して被験体をスキャニングンした。この研究は、深麻酔(酸素/イソフルラン1.5−2W/O薬物−誘導)で行い、動物は、承認を得た後、規制、倫理、および動物愛護ガイドラインに準拠して処理した。
本発明は、P−gp、MRP1またはBCRPから選ばれる少なくとも1つのABC輸送体の基質として使用することができる新規な式1の化合物を提供する。
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