JP6789953B2 - 動的基準点アレイ及び使用方法 - Google Patents
動的基準点アレイ及び使用方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6789953B2 JP6789953B2 JP2017538351A JP2017538351A JP6789953B2 JP 6789953 B2 JP6789953 B2 JP 6789953B2 JP 2017538351 A JP2017538351 A JP 2017538351A JP 2017538351 A JP2017538351 A JP 2017538351A JP 6789953 B2 JP6789953 B2 JP 6789953B2
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B34/00—Computer-aided surgery; Manipulators or robots specially adapted for use in surgery
- A61B34/20—Surgical navigation systems; Devices for tracking or guiding surgical instruments, e.g. for frameless stereotaxis
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
- A61B90/39—Markers, e.g. radio-opaque or breast lesions markers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
- A61B17/16—Instruments for performing osteoclasis; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans
- A61B17/17—Guides or aligning means for drills, mills, pins or wires
- A61B17/1739—Guides or aligning means for drills, mills, pins or wires specially adapted for particular parts of the body
- A61B17/1757—Guides or aligning means for drills, mills, pins or wires specially adapted for particular parts of the body for the spine
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws or setting implements
- A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
- A61B17/70—Spinal positioners or stabilisers, e.g. stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
- A61B17/7047—Clamps comprising opposed elements which grasp one vertebra between them
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B34/00—Computer-aided surgery; Manipulators or robots specially adapted for use in surgery
- A61B34/10—Computer-aided planning, simulation or modelling of surgical operations
- A61B2034/107—Visualisation of planned trajectories or target regions
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B34/00—Computer-aided surgery; Manipulators or robots specially adapted for use in surgery
- A61B34/20—Surgical navigation systems; Devices for tracking or guiding surgical instruments, e.g. for frameless stereotaxis
- A61B2034/2046—Tracking techniques
- A61B2034/2051—Electromagnetic tracking systems
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B34/00—Computer-aided surgery; Manipulators or robots specially adapted for use in surgery
- A61B34/20—Surgical navigation systems; Devices for tracking or guiding surgical instruments, e.g. for frameless stereotaxis
- A61B2034/2046—Tracking techniques
- A61B2034/2055—Optical tracking systems
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
- A61B90/36—Image-producing devices or illumination devices not otherwise provided for
- A61B2090/363—Use of fiducial points
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
- A61B90/36—Image-producing devices or illumination devices not otherwise provided for
- A61B90/37—Surgical systems with images on a monitor during operation
- A61B2090/374—NMR or MRI
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
- A61B90/36—Image-producing devices or illumination devices not otherwise provided for
- A61B90/37—Surgical systems with images on a monitor during operation
- A61B2090/378—Surgical systems with images on a monitor during operation using ultrasound
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
- A61B90/39—Markers, e.g. radio-opaque or breast lesions markers
- A61B2090/3966—Radiopaque markers visible in an X-ray image
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
- A61B90/39—Markers, e.g. radio-opaque or breast lesions markers
- A61B2090/3983—Reference marker arrangements for use with image guided surgery
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
- A61B90/39—Markers, e.g. radio-opaque or breast lesions markers
- A61B2090/3991—Markers, e.g. radio-opaque or breast lesions markers having specific anchoring means to fixate the marker to the tissue, e.g. hooks
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
- A61B90/39—Markers, e.g. radio-opaque or breast lesions markers
- A61B2090/3995—Multi-modality markers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B34/00—Computer-aided surgery; Manipulators or robots specially adapted for use in surgery
- A61B34/30—Surgical robots
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
- A61B6/02—Arrangements for diagnosis sequentially in different planes; Stereoscopic radiation diagnosis
- A61B6/03—Computed tomography [CT]
- A61B6/032—Transmission computed tomography [CT]
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
- A61B6/12—Arrangements for detecting or locating foreign bodies
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
- A61B90/10—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges for stereotaxic surgery, e.g. frame-based stereotaxis
- A61B90/14—Fixators for body parts, e.g. skull clamps; Constructional details of fixators, e.g. pins
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
- A61N1/02—Details
- A61N1/04—Electrodes
- A61N1/05—Electrodes for implantation or insertion into the body, e.g. heart electrode
- A61N1/0526—Head electrodes
- A61N1/0529—Electrodes for brain stimulation
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Robotics (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Apparatus For Radiation Diagnosis (AREA)
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging Apparatus (AREA)
- Surgical Instruments (AREA)
Description
本出願は、2013年6月21日に出願された「Surgical Robot Platform」という名称の米国特許出願第13/924,505号の一部継続出願であり、当該特許出願第13/924,505号は、2012年6月21日に出願された米国仮特許出願第61/662,702号に基づく優先権を主張する仮出願である2013年3月15日に出願された米国特許出願第61/800,527号の本出願である。なお、これらの文献は参照によって、その全体が本明細書に援用されるものとする。
[背景技術]
実施形態は、外科的なナビゲーション手法を対象とし、より詳しくは、実施形態は、放射線不透過性の基準マーカまたは追跡マーカとし得る複数の作動部材を含む動的基準点アレイを対象とする。
[発明の概要]
当該技術分野における、これら及び他の必要性は、一実施形態において対処される。そこにおいて、動的基準点アレイは、足場、足場に連結される複数のマーカ、及び回動機構を有する足場に連結される取付部材を備え、該取付部材は、取付部材に対する足場の移動を可能にしつつ、動的基準点アレイを患者に固定するように構成される。他の実施態様においては、動的基準点アレイを用いて、動的基準点アレイを患者に取り付けることと、動的基準点アレイ上の足場が第1の位置にある間に患者を走査することと、患者の解剖学的構造に対して動的基準点アレイを位置合わせすることと、動的基準点アレイが患者に取り付けられたままである間へと足場を移動させることとを含むことができる、方法に取り組む。
[図面の簡単な説明]
本発明の好ましい実施形態の詳細な説明のために、ここで添付の図面を参照する。
[発明を実施するための形態]
動的基準点アレイは、本明細書において、「DRA」と呼ぶが、ナビゲートされる外科的手技の間に一時的に患者に取り付けられる剛体である。それらの目的は、DRAに埋め込まれている追跡マーカの位置を3次元位置測定システムが追跡できるようにし、それによって、関連する解剖学的構造のリアルタイムな位置を追跡することにある。そのような追跡が有益なデータを提供することができる前に必要となり得るステップは、解剖学的構造を位置合わせすることであり得、それにより、解剖学的構造の座標系(例えば、3次元CT走査空間)から追跡システムの座標系への変換を定めることができる。位置合わせの方法を以下に簡単に説明する。
Claims (9)
- 動的基準点アレイであって、
足場と、
カメラによって追跡可能な複数の追跡マーカと、
前記足場に連結され、前記複数の追跡マーカとは別個である複数の基準点マーカであって、患者に関する医学画像において検出される複数の基準点マーカと、
回動機構により前記足場に連結された取付部材であって、
前記取付部材に対する前記足場の移動を可能にしつつ、前記足場を前記患者に固定するように構成されており、
前記複数の基準点マーカを前記患者の近くの第1ポジションまたは、前記患者の体表から離れた第2ポジションに位置付けるように構成されており、
前記複数の追跡マーカを前記第1ポジションまたは前記第2ポジションに位置付けるように構成されている取付部材と、
不注意に追跡してナビゲートすることを防止できるように、前記追跡マーカまたは前記基準点マーカが前記第1ポジションにあるか前記第2ポジションにあるかを自動的に判定するように構成されているイメージ誘導ソフトウェアと、を備える、動的基準点アレイ。 - 前記基準点マーカは、放射線不透過性マーカであり、前記追跡マーカは、赤外線マーカである、請求項1に記載の動的基準点アレイ。
- 前記基準点マーカおよび前記追跡マーカのうちの少なくとも一部は、放射線不透過性マーカ及び赤外線マーカの両方
である、請求項1に記載の動的基準点アレイ。 - 前記回動機構は、玉継手、ヒンジピン、またはスライド機構を含んでいる、請求項1に記載の動的基準点アレイ。
- 前記取付部材は、ヒンジピンを有するクランプを含んでいる、請求項1に記載の動的基準点アレイ。
- 前記取付部材は、クランプを含んでいる、請求項1に記載の動的基準点アレイ。
- 前記取付部材は、患者へ取り付けのための2つのポストを含んでいる、請求項1に記載の動的基準点アレイ。
- 前記2つのポストは、前記ポストを前記足場に連結する球状特徴部を有しており、前記球状特徴部が前記回動機構の一部を形成している、請求項7に記載の動的基準点アレイ。
- 前記複数の追跡マーカの少なくとも1つは、前記足場に連結され、かつ、前記複数の追跡マーカのその他に対して相対的に当該少なくとも1つが移動可能に構成されるように、前記取付部材に連結される、請求項1に記載の動的基準点アレイ。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US14/602,723 US11116576B2 (en) | 2012-06-21 | 2015-01-22 | Dynamic reference arrays and methods of use |
| US14/602,723 | 2015-01-22 | ||
| PCT/US2016/014316 WO2016118744A1 (en) | 2015-01-22 | 2016-01-21 | Dynamic reference arrays and methods of use |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2018509949A JP2018509949A (ja) | 2018-04-12 |
| JP6789953B2 true JP6789953B2 (ja) | 2020-11-25 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2017538351A Active JP6789953B2 (ja) | 2015-01-22 | 2016-01-21 | 動的基準点アレイ及び使用方法 |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US11116576B2 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP3247305B1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP6789953B2 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2016118744A1 (ja) |
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