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JP6761380B2 - Thermal energy recovery system and ships equipped with it - Google Patents

Thermal energy recovery system and ships equipped with it Download PDF

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Publication number
JP6761380B2
JP6761380B2 JP2017122000A JP2017122000A JP6761380B2 JP 6761380 B2 JP6761380 B2 JP 6761380B2 JP 2017122000 A JP2017122000 A JP 2017122000A JP 2017122000 A JP2017122000 A JP 2017122000A JP 6761380 B2 JP6761380 B2 JP 6761380B2
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heat exchange
working medium
flow path
temperature
cooling water
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JP2019007379A (en
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祐治 田中
祐治 田中
一徳 福原
一徳 福原
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Kobe Steel Ltd
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Kobe Steel Ltd
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Priority to KR1020180066645A priority patent/KR101990247B1/en
Priority to CN201810650516.9A priority patent/CN109113819B/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02G5/00—Profiting from waste heat of combustion engines, not otherwise provided for
    • F02G5/02—Profiting from waste heat of exhaust gases
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63J—AUXILIARIES ON VESSELS
    • B63J3/00—Driving of auxiliaries
    • B63J3/02—Driving of auxiliaries from propulsion power plant
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K21/00—Steam engine plants not otherwise provided for
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
    • F01K23/02—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
    • F01K23/06—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K27/00—Plants for converting heat or fluid energy into mechanical energy, not otherwise provided for
    • F01K27/02—Plants modified to use their waste heat, other than that of exhaust, e.g. engine-friction heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N5/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy
    • F01N5/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy the devices using heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
    • F01P3/20—Cooling circuits not specific to a single part of engine or machine
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T70/00—Maritime or waterways transport
    • Y02T70/50—Measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions related to the propulsion system

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
  • Supercharger (AREA)

Description

本発明は、熱エネルギー回収システムに関する。 The present invention relates to a thermal energy recovery system.

従来、過給機及びエンジンを備える機関において、過給機からエンジンに供給される過給空気が有する熱とエンジン冷却後の冷却水が有する熱とを回収する熱エネルギー回収システムが知られている。例えば、特許文献１には、ディーゼルエンジンと、タービン及びコンプレッサーを有する過給機と、コンプレッサーから吐出された過給空気を冷却水で冷却する空気冷却器と、排熱回収部と、エンジンから流出した冷却水を排熱回収部に導く流路と、空気冷却器から流出した冷却水を排熱回収部に導く流路と、を備える排熱回収装置（熱エネルギー回収システム）が開示されている。 Conventionally, in an engine equipped with a supercharger and an engine, a thermal energy recovery system that recovers the heat of the supercharged air supplied from the supercharger to the engine and the heat of the cooling water after cooling the engine is known. .. For example, Patent Document 1 describes a diesel engine, a supercharger having a turbine and a compressor, an air cooler that cools the supercharged air discharged from the compressor with cooling water, an exhaust heat recovery unit, and an outflow from the engine. An exhaust heat recovery device (heat energy recovery system) including a flow path for guiding the cooling water to the exhaust heat recovery section and a flow path for guiding the cooling water flowing out of the air cooler to the exhaust heat recovery section is disclosed. ..

排熱回収部は、冷却水を介してエンジン及び過給空気の熱から電力を生成する。具体的に、排熱回収部は、エンジンから流出した冷却水及び空気冷却器から流出した冷却水によって作動媒体を蒸発させる蒸発器と、蒸発器から流出した作動媒体の膨張エネルギーにより駆動されるパワータービンと、パワータービンに接続された発電機と、パワータービンから流出した作動媒体を凝縮させる凝縮器と、凝縮器から流出した作動媒体を蒸発器に送る循環ポンプと、を有している。 The exhaust heat recovery unit generates electric power from the heat of the engine and the supercharged air through the cooling water. Specifically, the exhaust heat recovery unit is a power driven by an evaporator that evaporates the working medium by the cooling water that flows out from the engine and the cooling water that flows out from the air cooler, and the expansion energy of the working medium that flows out from the evaporator. It has a turbine, a generator connected to the power turbine, a condenser that condenses the working medium that flows out of the power turbine, and a circulation pump that sends the working medium that flows out of the condenser to the evaporator.

特開２０１６−１４２２２３号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2016-142223

特許文献１に記載されるような熱エネルギー回収システムでは、効率よく熱を回収することが困難である。具体的に、エンジンから流出した冷却水の温度は、それほど高くないため、蒸発器に供給可能な熱量が十分でなく、一方、空気冷却器から流出した冷却水の温度は、大きく変動するため、空気冷却器から流出した冷却水の温度がエンジンから流出した冷却水の温度よりも低くなる場合がある。この場合、発電機による発電量が低減したり、作動媒体が気液二相の状態で膨張機に流入したりするおそれがある。 With a thermal energy recovery system as described in Patent Document 1, it is difficult to recover heat efficiently. Specifically, since the temperature of the cooling water flowing out from the engine is not so high, the amount of heat that can be supplied to the evaporator is not sufficient, while the temperature of the cooling water flowing out from the air cooler fluctuates greatly. The temperature of the cooling water flowing out of the air cooler may be lower than the temperature of the cooling water flowing out of the engine. In this case, the amount of power generated by the generator may be reduced, or the working medium may flow into the expander in a gas-liquid two-phase state.

本発明の目的は、熱回収効率を向上可能な熱エネルギー回収システム及びそれを搭載する船舶を提供することである。 An object of the present invention is to provide a thermal energy recovery system capable of improving heat recovery efficiency and a ship equipped with the same.

前記の目的を達成するため、本発明は、エンジンと、前記エンジンから排出された排ガスにより駆動されるタービン及び前記タービンに接続されており前記エンジンに供給するための過給空気を吐出するコンプレッサーを有する過給機と、前記エンジンに供給される過給空気を冷却するエアクーラと、前記エンジン及び前記過給空気を冷却する冷却水を貯留するとともに当該冷却水を冷却する冷却器と、前記冷却器と前記エンジンとの間で前記冷却水を循環させる第１循環流路と、前記冷却器と前記エアクーラとの間で前記冷却水を循環させる第２循環流路と、前記第１循環流路のうち前記エンジンと前記冷却器との間の部位に設けられており、前記エンジンを冷却した後の冷却水と作動媒体とを熱交換させることによって当該作動媒体を加熱する第１熱交換部と、前記第２循環流路のうち前記エアクーラと前記冷却器との間の部位に設けられており、前記エアクーラから流出した冷却水と前記第１熱交換部から流出した作動媒体とを熱交換させることによって当該作動媒体を加熱する第２熱交換部と、前記第２熱交換部から流出した作動媒体を膨張させる膨張機と、前記膨張機に接続された動力回収機と、前記膨張機から流出した作動媒体を凝縮させる凝縮器と、前記凝縮器から流出した作動媒体を前記第１熱交換部に送るポンプと、前記第１熱交換部、前記第２熱交換部、前記膨張機、前記凝縮器及び前記ポンプをこの順に接続する作動媒体循環流路と、前記第２循環流路のうち前記エアクーラと前記第２熱交換部との間の部位を流れる冷却水の温度である第２温度が前記第１循環流路のうち前記エンジンと前記第１熱交換部との間の部位を流れる冷却水の温度である第１温度よりも大きいときは、前記第２熱交換部における前記冷却水と前記作動媒体との熱交換を維持させつつ、前記作動媒体循環流路のうち前記第２熱交換部と前記膨張機との間の部位を流れる作動媒体の過熱度が所定範囲となるように前記第１熱交換部への前記作動媒体の流入量を調整するとともに、前記第２温度が前記第１温度以下であるときは、前記第２熱交換部における前記冷却水と前記作動媒体との熱交換を停止させるとともに、前記作動媒体循環流路のうち前記第１熱交換部と前記第２熱交換部との間の部位を流れる作動媒体の過熱度が前記所定範囲となるように前記第１熱交換部への前記作動媒体の流入量を調整する制御部と、を備える、熱エネルギー回収システムを提供する。 In order to achieve the above object, the present invention comprises an engine, a turbine driven by exhaust gas discharged from the engine, and a compressor connected to the turbine and discharging supercharged air to be supplied to the engine. A supercharger, an air cooler for cooling the supercharged air supplied to the engine, a cooler for storing the cooling water for cooling the engine and the supercharged air, and a cooler for cooling the cooling water, and the cooler. A first circulation flow path for circulating the cooling water between the engine and the second circulation flow path for circulating the cooling water between the cooler and the air cooler, and the first circulation flow path. A first heat exchange unit, which is provided at a portion between the engine and the cooler and heats the working medium by exchanging heat between the cooling water after cooling the engine and the working medium. A portion of the second circulation flow path between the air cooler and the cooler is provided to exchange heat between the cooling water flowing out of the air cooler and the working medium flowing out of the first heat exchange section. A second heat exchange section that heats the working medium, an expander that expands the working medium that has flowed out of the second heat exchange section, a power recovery machine connected to the expander, and a power recovery unit that has flowed out of the expander. A condenser that condenses the working medium, a pump that sends the working medium flowing out of the condenser to the first heat exchange section, the first heat exchange section, the second heat exchange section, the expander, and the condenser. The second temperature, which is the temperature of the working medium circulation flow path connecting the pumps in this order and the cooling water flowing through the portion of the second circulation flow path between the air cooler and the second heat exchange portion, is said. When the temperature of the cooling water flowing through the portion of the first circulation flow path between the engine and the first heat exchange section is higher than the first temperature, the cooling water and the cooling water in the second heat exchange section are described. While maintaining heat exchange with the working medium, the first degree of superheating of the working medium flowing through the portion between the second heat exchange portion and the expander in the working medium circulation flow path is within a predetermined range. 1 The amount of inflow of the working medium into the heat exchange section is adjusted, and when the second temperature is equal to or lower than the first temperature, heat exchange between the cooling water and the working medium in the second heat exchange section is performed. The first heat is set so that the degree of superheat of the working medium flowing through the portion between the first heat exchange section and the second heat exchange section of the working medium circulation flow path is within the predetermined range. A control unit that adjusts the inflow amount of the working medium into the exchange unit is provided. To provide a thermal energy recovery system.

本熱エネルギー回収システムでは、第２温度が第１温度よりも大きいときには、第２熱交換部における冷却水と作動媒体との熱交換が維持され、かつ、膨張機に流入する作動媒体の過熱度が所定範囲となるように第１熱交換部への作動媒体の流入量が調整される。この場合、作動媒体の蒸発は、主に第２熱交換部で行われるので、つまり、作動媒体が比較的大きな熱量を有する冷却水（エアクーラから流出した冷却水）から熱を受け取ることによって行われる。そして、第２温度が第１温度以下であるときには、つまり、作動媒体が第２熱交換部で冷却水と熱交換した場合に当該作動媒体の温度が低下する懸念があるときには、第２熱交換部での冷却水及び作動媒体間の熱交換が停止され、かつ、第１熱交換部から流出した作動媒体の過熱度が前記所定範囲となるように第１熱交換部への作動媒体の流入量が調整される。よって、エンジンの熱及び過給空気の熱が有効に回収され、しかも、作動媒体が気液二相の状態で膨張機へ流入することが抑制される。 In this thermal energy recovery system, when the second temperature is higher than the first temperature, the heat exchange between the cooling water and the working medium in the second heat exchange section is maintained, and the degree of overheating of the working medium flowing into the expander is maintained. Is adjusted so that the inflow amount of the working medium into the first heat exchange section is within a predetermined range. In this case, the evaporation of the working medium is mainly performed in the second heat exchange section, that is, the working medium receives heat from the cooling water having a relatively large amount of heat (cooling water flowing out from the air cooler). .. Then, when the second temperature is equal to or lower than the first temperature, that is, when there is a concern that the temperature of the working medium will drop when the working medium exchanges heat with the cooling water in the second heat exchange section, the second heat exchange The inflow of the working medium into the first heat exchange section so that the heat exchange between the cooling water and the working medium in the section is stopped and the degree of superheat of the working medium flowing out from the first heat exchange section is within the predetermined range. The amount is adjusted. Therefore, the heat of the engine and the heat of the supercharged air are effectively recovered, and the inflow of the working medium into the expander in a gas-liquid two-phase state is suppressed.

なお、「冷却水と作動媒体との熱交換を停止させる」とは、冷却水及び作動媒体間の完全な熱の授受を遮断するという意味ではなく、実質的に冷却水及び作動媒体間の熱交換が行われない状態をいう。 Note that "stopping heat exchange between the cooling water and the working medium" does not mean that the complete transfer of heat between the cooling water and the working medium is blocked, but substantially heat between the cooling water and the working medium. A state in which replacement is not performed.

この場合において、前記第２熱交換部をバイパスするように前記第２循環流路に接続されたバイパス流路と、前記エアクーラから流出した冷却水が前記第２熱交換部にのみ流入する定常状態と前記エアクーラから流出した冷却水が前記バイパス流路にのみ流入するバイパス状態とを切り替え可能な切替部と、をさらに備え、前記制御部は、前記第２温度が前記第１温度よりも大きいときは前記切替部を前記定常状態とし、前記第２温度が前記第１温度以下であるときは前記切替部を前記バイパス状態とすることが好ましい。 In this case, a bypass flow path connected to the second circulation flow path so as to bypass the second heat exchange section, and a steady state in which the cooling water flowing out of the air cooler flows only into the second heat exchange section. And a switching unit capable of switching between a bypass state in which the cooling water flowing out of the air cooler flows into the bypass flow path only, and the control unit when the second temperature is larger than the first temperature. It is preferable that the switching unit is in the steady state, and when the second temperature is equal to or lower than the first temperature, the switching unit is in the bypass state.

このようにすれば、第１温度及び第２温度の関係に応じて、第２熱交換部において冷却水と作動媒体との熱交換が行われる場合と停止される場合とが有効に切り替えられる。 In this way, depending on the relationship between the first temperature and the second temperature, the case where the heat exchange between the cooling water and the working medium is performed and the case where the heat exchange is stopped in the second heat exchange unit can be effectively switched.

また、前記熱エネルギー回収システムにおいて、前記制御部は、前記第２温度が前記第１温度以下であるときは、前記作動媒体循環流路のうち前記第１熱交換部と前記第２熱交換部との間を流れる作動媒体の過熱度が前記所定範囲となり、かつ、前記作動媒体循環流路のうち前記第２熱交換部と前記膨張機との間を流れる作動媒体の過熱度が前記所定範囲の上限値と前記所定範囲の下限値よりも低い値である限界値との間の範囲となるように前記第１熱交換部への前記作動媒体の流入量を調整してもよい。 Further, in the heat energy recovery system, when the second temperature is equal to or lower than the first temperature, the control unit has the first heat exchange unit and the second heat exchange unit in the working medium circulation flow path. The degree of superheat of the working medium flowing between the two is in the predetermined range, and the degree of superheating of the working medium flowing between the second heat exchange portion and the expander in the working medium circulation flow path is in the predetermined range. The amount of inflow of the working medium into the first heat exchange section may be adjusted so as to be in a range between the upper limit value of the above and the limit value which is lower than the lower limit value of the predetermined range.

この態様では、第１熱交換部から流出した作動媒体の過熱度に基づいて作動媒体の第１熱交換部への流入量が調整されるので、作動媒体の第１熱交換部への流入量の調整の応答性が高くなる。さらに、膨張機に流入する作動媒体の過熱度が限界値以上となるように作動媒体の第１熱交換部への流入量が調整されるので、作動媒体が第１熱交換部から流出した後膨張機に流入するまでに当該作動媒体の過熱度が低下したとしても、作動媒体が気液二相の状態で膨張機へ流入することが抑制される。 In this aspect, the inflow amount of the working medium into the first heat exchange section is adjusted based on the degree of superheat of the working medium flowing out from the first heat exchange section, so that the inflow amount of the working medium into the first heat exchange section is adjusted. The responsiveness of the adjustment of is increased. Further, since the inflow amount of the working medium into the first heat exchange section is adjusted so that the degree of superheat of the working medium flowing into the expander becomes equal to or higher than the limit value, after the working medium flows out from the first heat exchange section. Even if the degree of superheat of the working medium decreases by the time it flows into the inflator, it is suppressed that the working medium flows into the inflator in a gas-liquid two-phase state.

あるいは、前記制御部は、前記第２温度が前記第１温度以下であるときは、前記作動媒体循環流路のうち前記第１熱交換部と前記第２熱交換部との間の部位を流れる作動媒体の過熱度が前記所定範囲の上限値と前記所定範囲の下限値よりも大きくかつ前記上限値よりも小さな値である基準値との間の範囲となるように前記第１熱交換部への前記作動媒体の流入量を調整してもよい。 Alternatively, when the second temperature is equal to or lower than the first temperature, the control unit flows through a portion of the working medium circulation flow path between the first heat exchange unit and the second heat exchange unit. To the first heat exchange unit so that the degree of overheating of the working medium is in the range between the upper limit value of the predetermined range and the reference value which is larger than the lower limit value of the predetermined range and smaller than the upper limit value. The inflow amount of the working medium may be adjusted.

この態様でも、上記と同様の効果が得られる。 Also in this aspect, the same effect as described above can be obtained.

また、本発明は、前記熱エネルギー回収システムを搭載する船舶を提供する。 The present invention also provides a ship equipped with the thermal energy recovery system.

以上のように、本発明によれば、熱回収効率を向上可能な熱エネルギー回収システム及びそれを搭載する船舶を提供することができる。 As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a thermal energy recovery system capable of improving heat recovery efficiency and a ship equipped with the same.

本発明の一実施形態の熱エネルギー回収装置の構成を概略的に示す図である。It is a figure which shows schematic structure of the thermal energy recovery apparatus of one Embodiment of this invention. 熱エネルギー回収ユニットの変形例を概略的に示す図である。It is a figure which shows the modification of the thermal energy recovery unit schematicly. 熱エネルギー回収ユニットの変形例を概略的に示す図である。It is a figure which shows the modification of the thermal energy recovery unit schematicly. 熱エネルギー回収ユニットの変形例を概略的に示す図である。It is a figure which shows the modification of the thermal energy recovery unit schematicly.

本発明の一実施形態の熱エネルギー回収システムについて、図１を参照しながら説明する。図１に示されるように、本熱エネルギー回収システムは、エンジン１０と、過給機２０と、エアクーラ３０と、冷却器４０と、第１循環流路５０と、第２循環流路６０と、熱エネルギー回収ユニット７０と、切替部８０と、制御部９０と、を備えている。本実施形態では、熱エネルギー回収システムは、船舶に搭載されている。つまり、エンジン１０として、船舶用エンジンが採用されている。 The thermal energy recovery system according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 1, this thermal energy recovery system includes an engine 10, a supercharger 20, an air cooler 30, a cooler 40, a first circulation flow path 50, and a second circulation flow path 60. It includes a thermal energy recovery unit 70, a switching unit 80, and a control unit 90. In this embodiment, the thermal energy recovery system is mounted on the ship. That is, a marine engine is adopted as the engine 10.

過給機２０は、エンジン１０から排出された排ガスによって駆動されるタービン２１と、タービン２１に接続されておりエンジン１０に供給するための過給空気を吐出するコンプレッサー２２と、を有する。コンプレッサー２２から吐出された過給空気は、コンプレッサー２２とエンジンとを接続する吸気ライン１１を通じてエンジンに供給される。エンジン１０から排出された排ガスは、エンジン１０とタービン２１とを接続する排気ライン１２を通じてタービン２１に供給される。 The supercharger 20 includes a turbine 21 driven by exhaust gas discharged from the engine 10 and a compressor 22 connected to the turbine 21 and discharging supercharged air to be supplied to the engine 10. The supercharged air discharged from the compressor 22 is supplied to the engine through an intake line 11 connecting the compressor 22 and the engine. The exhaust gas discharged from the engine 10 is supplied to the turbine 21 through an exhaust line 12 connecting the engine 10 and the turbine 21.

エアクーラ３０は、吸気ライン１１に設けられている。エアクーラ３０は、エンジン１０に供給される過給空気（コンプレッサー２２から吐出された過給空気）を冷却水によって冷却する。 The air cooler 30 is provided in the intake line 11. The air cooler 30 cools the supercharged air supplied to the engine 10 (supercharged air discharged from the compressor 22) with cooling water.

冷却器４０は、エンジン１０及び過給空気を冷却する冷却水を貯留するとともに、当該冷却水を海水等で冷却する。 The cooler 40 stores the cooling water for cooling the engine 10 and the supercharged air, and cools the cooling water with seawater or the like.

第１循環流路５０は、冷却器４０とエンジン１０との間で冷却水を循環させる。この第１循環流路５０のうち冷却器４０の下流側でかつエンジン１０の上流側の部位には、第１ポンプ５１が設けられている。 The first circulation flow path 50 circulates cooling water between the cooler 40 and the engine 10. A first pump 51 is provided in a portion of the first circulation flow path 50 on the downstream side of the cooler 40 and on the upstream side of the engine 10.

第２循環流路６０は、冷却器４０とエアクーラ３０との間で冷却水を循環させる。この第２循環流路６０のうち冷却器４０の下流側でかつエアクーラ３０の上流側の部位には、第２ポンプ６１が設けられている。 The second circulation flow path 60 circulates the cooling water between the cooler 40 and the air cooler 30. A second pump 61 is provided in a portion of the second circulation flow path 60 on the downstream side of the cooler 40 and on the upstream side of the air cooler 30.

熱エネルギー回収ユニット７０は、前記冷却水を介してエンジン１０の熱及び過給空気の熱を回収する。具体的に、熱エネルギー回収ユニット７０は、第１熱交換部７１と、第２熱交換部７２と、膨張機７３と、動力回収機７４と、凝縮器７５と、ポンプ７６と、第１熱交換部７１、第２熱交換部７２、膨張機７３、凝縮器７５及びポンプ７６をこの順に接続する作動媒体循環流路７７と、を有している。 The thermal energy recovery unit 70 recovers the heat of the engine 10 and the heat of the supercharged air through the cooling water. Specifically, the heat energy recovery unit 70 includes a first heat exchange unit 71, a second heat exchange unit 72, an expander 73, a power recovery machine 74, a condenser 75, a pump 76, and a first heat. It has a working medium circulation flow path 77 that connects the exchange unit 71, the second heat exchange unit 72, the expander 73, the condenser 75, and the pump 76 in this order.

第１熱交換部７１は、第１循環流路５０のうちエンジン１０の下流側でかつ冷却器４０の上流側の間の部位に設けられている。第１熱交換部７１は、エンジン１０から流出した冷却水と作動媒体とを熱交換させることによって作動媒体を加熱する。第１熱交換部７１は、作動媒体が流れる第１作動媒体流路７１ａと、冷却水が流れる第１冷却水流路７１ｂと、各流路７１ａ，７１ｂを収容する第１収容部７１ｃと、を有している。第１冷却水流路７１ｂから流出した冷却水は、第１循環流路５０を介して冷却器４０に流入する。 The first heat exchange section 71 is provided in a portion of the first circulation flow path 50 on the downstream side of the engine 10 and between the upstream sides of the cooler 40. The first heat exchange unit 71 heats the working medium by exchanging heat between the cooling water flowing out of the engine 10 and the working medium. The first heat exchange unit 71 includes a first operating medium flow path 71a through which the working medium flows, a first cooling water flow path 71b through which the cooling water flows, and a first accommodating unit 71c accommodating the respective flow paths 71a and 71b. Have. The cooling water flowing out of the first cooling water flow path 71b flows into the cooler 40 via the first circulation flow path 50.

第２熱交換部７２は、作動媒体循環流路７７のうち第１熱交換部７１の下流側でかつ膨張機７３の上流側の部位と、第２循環流路６０のうちエアクーラ３０の下流側でかつ冷却器４０の上流側の部位と、を含む位置に設けられている。第２熱交換部７２は、エアクーラ３０から流出した冷却水と第１熱交換部７１から流出した作動媒体とを熱交換させることによって作動媒体を加熱する。第２熱交換部７２は、作動媒体が流れる第２作動媒体流路７２ａと、冷却水が流れる第２冷却水流路７２ｂと、各流路７２ａ，７２ｂを収容する第２収容部７２ｃと、を有している。第１収容部７１ｃと第２収容部７２ｃとは、一体のケーシングで構成されてもよいし、互いに独立した２つのケーシンクで構成されてもよい。図１では、第１収容部７１ｃ及び第２収容部７２ｃが一体のケーシングで構成された例が示されている。第２冷却水流路７２ｂから流出した冷却水は、第２循環流路６０を介して冷却器４０に流入する。 The second heat exchange section 72 includes a portion of the working medium circulation flow path 77 on the downstream side of the first heat exchange section 71 and on the upstream side of the expander 73, and a second circulation flow path 60 on the downstream side of the air cooler 30. It is provided at a position including a portion on the upstream side of the cooler 40. The second heat exchange unit 72 heats the operating medium by exchanging heat between the cooling water flowing out of the air cooler 30 and the operating medium flowing out of the first heat exchange unit 71. The second heat exchange unit 72 includes a second operating medium flow path 72a through which the working medium flows, a second cooling water flow path 72b through which the cooling water flows, and a second accommodating unit 72c accommodating the respective flow paths 72a and 72b. Have. The first accommodating portion 71c and the second accommodating portion 72c may be configured by an integral casing, or may be composed of two case sinks that are independent of each other. FIG. 1 shows an example in which the first accommodating portion 71c and the second accommodating portion 72c are configured by an integral casing. The cooling water flowing out from the second cooling water flow path 72b flows into the cooler 40 via the second circulation flow path 60.

本実施形態の熱エネルギー回収システムは、第２熱交換部７２の第２冷却水流路７２ｂをバイパスするように第２循環流路６０に接続されたバイパス流路６２を備えている。 The thermal energy recovery system of the present embodiment includes a bypass flow path 62 connected to the second circulation flow path 60 so as to bypass the second cooling water flow path 72b of the second heat exchange unit 72.

膨張機７３は、作動媒体循環流路７７のうち第２熱交換部７２の下流側の部位に設けられている。膨張機７３は、第２熱交換部７２から流出した気相の作動媒体を膨張させる。本実施形態では、膨張機７３として、気相の作動媒体の膨張エネルギーにより回転駆動されるロータを有する容積式のスクリュ膨張機が用いられている。 The expander 73 is provided in a portion of the working medium circulation flow path 77 on the downstream side of the second heat exchange portion 72. The expander 73 expands the working medium of the gas phase flowing out from the second heat exchange unit 72. In the present embodiment, as the expander 73, a positive displacement screw expander having a rotor that is rotationally driven by the expansion energy of the working medium of the gas phase is used.

動力回収機７４は、膨張機７３に接続されている。動力回収機７４は、膨張機７３の駆動に伴って回転することにより作動媒体から動力を回収する。本実施形態では、動力回収機７４として発電機が用いられている。なお、動力回収機７４として、圧縮機等が用いられてもよい。 The power recovery machine 74 is connected to the expander 73. The power recovery machine 74 recovers power from the operating medium by rotating as the expander 73 is driven. In this embodiment, a generator is used as the power recovery machine 74. A compressor or the like may be used as the power recovery machine 74.

凝縮器７５は、作動媒体循環流路７７のうち膨張機７３の下流側の部位に設けられている。凝縮器７５は、膨張機７３から流出した作動媒体と冷却媒体（海水等）とを熱交換させることによって作動媒体を凝縮させる。 The condenser 75 is provided in a portion of the working medium circulation flow path 77 on the downstream side of the expander 73. The condenser 75 condenses the working medium by exchanging heat between the working medium flowing out of the expander 73 and the cooling medium (seawater or the like).

ポンプ７６は、作動媒体循環流路７７のうち凝縮器７５の下流側の部位（凝縮器７５と第１熱交換部７１との間の部位）に設けられている。ポンプ７６は、凝縮器７５から流出した液相の作動媒体を第１熱交換部７１に送る。 The pump 76 is provided in a portion of the working medium circulation flow path 77 on the downstream side of the condenser 75 (a portion between the condenser 75 and the first heat exchange portion 71). The pump 76 sends the working medium of the liquid phase flowing out of the condenser 75 to the first heat exchange unit 71.

切替部８０は、エアクーラ３０から流出した冷却水が第２熱交換部７２にのみ流入する定常状態と、エアクーラ３０から流出した冷却水がバイパス流路６２にのみ流入するバイパス状態と、を切り替える。本実施形態では、切替部８０は、第２循環流路６０のうちバイパス流路６２の上流側の端部と第２熱交換部７２との間の部位に設けられた第１開閉弁Ｖ１と、バイパス流路６２に設けられた第２開閉弁Ｖ２と、を有している。つまり、定常状態は、第１開閉弁Ｖ１が開かれかつ第２開閉弁Ｖ２が閉じられた状態であり、バイパス状態は、第１開閉弁Ｖ１が閉じられかつ第２開閉弁Ｖ２が開かれた状態である。 The switching unit 80 switches between a steady state in which the cooling water flowing out of the air cooler 30 flows only into the second heat exchange unit 72 and a bypass state in which the cooling water flowing out from the air cooler 30 flows only into the bypass flow path 62. In the present embodiment, the switching portion 80 is a first on-off valve V1 provided at a portion of the second circulation flow path 60 between the upstream end of the bypass flow path 62 and the second heat exchange portion 72. It has a second on-off valve V2 provided in the bypass flow path 62. That is, in the steady state, the first on-off valve V1 is opened and the second on-off valve V2 is closed, and in the bypass state, the first on-off valve V1 is closed and the second on-off valve V2 is opened. It is in a state.

制御部９０は、第２熱交換部７２に流入する冷却水（第２循環流路６０のうちエアクーラ３０と第２熱交換部７２との間の部位を流れる冷却水）の温度である第２温度が第１熱交換部７１に流入する冷却水（第１循環流路５０のうちエンジン１０と第１熱交換部７１との間の部位を流れる冷却水）の温度である第１温度よりも大きいときは、切替部８０を定常状態に維持しつつ、膨張機７３に流入する作動媒体（作動媒体循環流路７７のうち第２熱交換部７２と膨張機７３との間の部位を流れる作動媒体）の過熱度が所定範囲となるように第１熱交換部７１への作動媒体の流入量を調整する。制御部９０は、前記第２温度が前記第１温度以下であるときは、第２熱交換部７２における冷却水と作動媒体との熱交換を停止させるとともに、作動媒体循環流路７７のうち第１作動媒体流路７１ａと第２作動媒体流路７２ａとの間の部位を流れる作動媒体の過熱度が前記所定範囲となるように第１熱交換部７１への作動媒体の流入量を調整する。 The control unit 90 is the temperature of the cooling water (cooling water flowing through the portion of the second circulation flow path 60 between the air cooler 30 and the second heat exchange unit 72) that flows into the second heat exchange unit 72. The temperature is higher than the first temperature, which is the temperature of the cooling water flowing into the first heat exchange section 71 (cooling water flowing through the portion of the first circulation flow path 50 between the engine 10 and the first heat exchange section 71). When it is large, the operation medium flowing into the expander 73 (the operation flowing through the portion between the second heat exchange unit 72 and the expander 73 in the operation medium circulation flow path 77) while maintaining the switching unit 80 in a steady state. The amount of inflow of the working medium into the first heat exchange section 71 is adjusted so that the degree of superheating of the medium) is within a predetermined range. When the second temperature is equal to or lower than the first temperature, the control unit 90 stops the heat exchange between the cooling water and the operating medium in the second heat exchange unit 72, and the control unit 90 stops the heat exchange between the cooling water and the operating medium, and the control unit 90 is the second of the operating medium circulation flow paths 77. The amount of inflow of the working medium into the first heat exchange section 71 is adjusted so that the degree of overheating of the working medium flowing through the portion between the first working medium flow path 71a and the second working medium flow path 72a is within the predetermined range. ..

ここで、第２熱交換部７２における冷却水と作動媒体との熱交換の停止は、切替部８０を定常状態からバイパス状態に切り替えること、つまり、第１開閉弁Ｖ１が開いており第２開閉弁Ｖ２が閉じている状態から第１開閉弁Ｖ１が閉じており第２開閉弁Ｖ２が開いている状態に切り替えることにより行われる。なお、「第２熱交換部７２における冷却水と作動媒体との熱交換の停止」とは、冷却水及び作動媒体間の完全な熱の授受を遮断するという意味ではなく、実質的に冷却水及び作動媒体間の熱交換が行われない状態をいう。 Here, to stop the heat exchange between the cooling water and the operating medium in the second heat exchange unit 72, the switching unit 80 is switched from the steady state to the bypass state, that is, the first on-off valve V1 is open and the second on-off valve V1 is opened. This is performed by switching from a state in which the valve V2 is closed to a state in which the first on-off valve V1 is closed and the second on-off valve V2 is open. Note that "stopping heat exchange between the cooling water and the working medium in the second heat exchange unit 72" does not mean that the complete transfer of heat between the cooling water and the working medium is cut off, but substantially the cooling water. And the state where heat exchange between the working media is not performed.

また、本実施形態では、制御部９０は、ポンプ７６の回転数の調整によって第１熱交換部７１への作動媒体の流入量の調整を行う。 Further, in the present embodiment, the control unit 90 adjusts the inflow amount of the working medium into the first heat exchange unit 71 by adjusting the rotation speed of the pump 76.

なお、前記第１温度は、第１循環流路５０のうちエンジン１０と第１熱交換部７１との間の部位に設けられた温度センサ９１によって検出される。前記第２温度は、第２循環流路６０のうちエアクーラ３０の下流側でかつ第２循環流路６０とバイパス流路６２の上流側の端部との接続部の上流側の部位に設けられた温度センサ９２によって検出される。膨張機７３に流入する作動媒体の過熱度は、作動媒体循環流路７７のうち第２熱交換部７２と膨張機７３との間の部位に設けられた温度センサ９３及び圧力センサ９４の各検出値に基づいて算出される。作動媒体循環流路７７のうち第１作動媒体流路７１ａと第２作動媒体流路７２ａとの間の部位を流れる作動媒体の過熱度は、当該部位に設けられた温度センサ９５及び圧力センサ９６の各検出値に基づいて算出される。 The first temperature is detected by a temperature sensor 91 provided in a portion of the first circulation flow path 50 between the engine 10 and the first heat exchange unit 71. The second temperature is provided at a portion of the second circulation flow path 60 on the downstream side of the air cooler 30 and on the upstream side of the connection portion between the second circulation flow path 60 and the upstream end of the bypass flow path 62. It is detected by the temperature sensor 92. The degree of superheat of the working medium flowing into the expander 73 is detected by the temperature sensor 93 and the pressure sensor 94 provided in the portion between the second heat exchange portion 72 and the expander 73 in the working medium circulation flow path 77. Calculated based on the value. The degree of superheat of the working medium flowing through the portion between the first working medium flow path 71a and the second working medium flow path 72a of the working medium circulation flow path 77 is determined by the temperature sensor 95 and the pressure sensor 96 provided in the portion. It is calculated based on each detected value of.

また、本実施形態では、制御部９０は、前記第２温度が前記第１温度以下であるときは、第１作動媒体流路７１ａから流出した作動媒体（作動媒体循環流路７７のうち第１熱交換部７１と第２熱交換部７２との間を流れる作動媒体）の過熱度が前記所定範囲となり、かつ、膨張機７３に流入する作動媒体の過熱度が前記所定範囲の上限値と前記所定範囲の下限値よりも低い値である限界値との間の範囲となるように第１熱交換部７１への作動媒体の流入量を調整する。ただし、制御部９０は、前記第２温度が前記第１温度以下であるときは、作動媒体循環流路７７のうち第１熱交換部７１と第２熱交換部７２との間の部位を流れる作動媒体の過熱度が前記所定範囲の上限値と前記所定範囲の下限値よりも大きくかつ前記上限値よりも小さな値である基準値との間の範囲となるように第１熱交換部７１への作動媒体の流入量を調整してもよい。 Further, in the present embodiment, when the second temperature is equal to or lower than the first temperature, the control unit 90 uses the working medium (the first of the working medium circulation flow paths 77) that has flowed out from the first working medium flow path 71a. The degree of superheat of the operating medium flowing between the heat exchange unit 71 and the second heat exchange unit 72) is within the predetermined range, and the degree of superheat of the operating medium flowing into the expander 73 is the upper limit of the predetermined range and the above. The amount of inflow of the working medium into the first heat exchange unit 71 is adjusted so as to be in the range between the limit value which is lower than the lower limit value of the predetermined range. However, when the second temperature is equal to or lower than the first temperature, the control unit 90 flows through a portion of the working medium circulation flow path 77 between the first heat exchange unit 71 and the second heat exchange unit 72. To the first heat exchange unit 71 so that the degree of overheating of the working medium is in the range between the upper limit value of the predetermined range and the reference value which is larger than the lower limit value of the predetermined range and smaller than the upper limit value. The inflow amount of the working medium may be adjusted.

以上のように、本熱エネルギー回収システムでは、第２温度が第１温度よりも大きいときには、第２熱交換部７２における冷却水と作動媒体との熱交換が維持され（切替部８０が定常状態とされ）、かつ、膨張機７３に流入する作動媒体の過熱度が所定範囲となるように第１熱交換部７１への作動媒体の流入量（ポンプ７６の回転数）が調整される。この場合、作動媒体の蒸発は、主に第２熱交換部７２で行われるので、つまり、作動媒体が比較的大きな熱量を有する冷却水（エアクーラ３０から流出した冷却水）から熱を受け取ることによって行われる。そして、第２温度が第１温度以下であるときには、つまり、作動媒体が第２熱交換部７２で冷却水と熱交換した場合に当該作動媒体の温度が低下する懸念があるときには、第２熱交換部７２での冷却水及び作動媒体間の熱交換が停止され（切替部８０がバイパス状態とされ）、かつ、第１熱交換部７１から流出した作動媒体の過熱度が前記所定範囲となるように第１熱交換部７１への作動媒体の流入量（ポンプ７６の回転数）が調整される。よって、エンジン１０の熱及び過給空気の熱が有効に回収され、しかも、作動媒体が気液二相の状態で膨張機７３へ流入することが抑制される。 As described above, in this thermal energy recovery system, when the second temperature is higher than the first temperature, the heat exchange between the cooling water and the working medium in the second heat exchange unit 72 is maintained (the switching unit 80 is in a steady state). The amount of inflow of the working medium into the first heat exchange section 71 (the number of rotations of the pump 76) is adjusted so that the degree of superheating of the working medium flowing into the expander 73 is within a predetermined range. In this case, the evaporation of the working medium is mainly performed by the second heat exchange unit 72, that is, by receiving heat from the cooling water (cooling water flowing out from the air cooler 30) in which the working medium has a relatively large amount of heat. Will be done. Then, when the second temperature is equal to or lower than the first temperature, that is, when there is a concern that the temperature of the working medium will drop when the working medium exchanges heat with the cooling water in the second heat exchange unit 72, the second heat The heat exchange between the cooling water and the working medium in the switching section 72 is stopped (the switching section 80 is in the bypass state), and the degree of overheating of the working medium flowing out from the first heat exchange section 71 is within the predetermined range. As described above, the inflow amount of the working medium (the number of rotations of the pump 76) into the first heat exchange unit 71 is adjusted. Therefore, the heat of the engine 10 and the heat of the supercharged air are effectively recovered, and the operating medium is suppressed from flowing into the expander 73 in a gas-liquid two-phase state.

また、制御部９０は、第２温度が第１温度以下であるときは、第１作動媒体流路７１ａから流出した作動媒体の過熱度が前記所定範囲となり、かつ、膨張機７３に流入する作動媒体の過熱度が前記所定範囲の上限値と前記限界値との間の範囲となるように第１熱交換部７１への作動媒体の流入量を調整する。この態様では、第１熱交換部７１から流出した作動媒体の過熱度に基づいて作動媒体の第１熱交換部７１への流入量が調整されるので、作動媒体の第１熱交換部７１への流入量の調整の応答性が高くなる。さらに、膨張機７３に流入する作動媒体の過熱度が限界値以上となるように作動媒体の第１熱交換部７１への流入量が調整されるので、作動媒体が第１熱交換部７１から流出した後膨張機７３に流入するまでに当該作動媒体の過熱度が低下したとしても、作動媒体が気液二相の状態で膨張機７３へ流入することが抑制される。 Further, when the second temperature is equal to or lower than the first temperature, the control unit 90 operates so that the degree of superheat of the working medium flowing out of the first working medium flow path 71a falls within the predetermined range and flows into the expander 73. The amount of inflow of the working medium into the first heat exchange unit 71 is adjusted so that the degree of superheat of the medium falls within the range between the upper limit value of the predetermined range and the limit value. In this embodiment, the amount of inflow of the working medium into the first heat exchange section 71 is adjusted based on the degree of superheat of the working medium flowing out from the first heat exchange section 71, so that the working medium flows into the first heat exchange section 71. The responsiveness of adjusting the inflow of water is increased. Further, since the amount of inflow of the working medium into the first heat exchange section 71 is adjusted so that the degree of superheat of the working medium flowing into the expander 73 becomes equal to or higher than the limit value, the working medium is moved from the first heat exchange section 71. Even if the degree of superheat of the working medium decreases before flowing into the expander 73 after flowing out, the working medium is suppressed from flowing into the expander 73 in a gas-liquid two-phase state.

なお、今回開示された実施形態は、すべての点で例示であって制限的なものではないと考えられるべきである。本発明の範囲は、上記した実施形態の説明ではなく特許請求の範囲によって示され、さらに特許請求の範囲と均等の意味および範囲内でのすべての変更が含まれる。 It should be noted that the embodiments disclosed this time are exemplary in all respects and are not considered to be restrictive. The scope of the present invention is shown by the scope of claims rather than the description of the above-described embodiment, and further includes all modifications within the meaning and scope equivalent to the scope of claims.

例えば、制御部９０による第１熱交換部７１への作動媒体の流入量の調整は、図２に示されるように、ポンプ７６をバイパスするように作動媒体循環流路７７に接続されたバイパス流路７８に設けられたバイパス弁Ｖ３の開度を調整することによって行われてもよい。あるいは、前記流入量の調整は、図３に示されるように、作動媒体循環流路７７のうちポンプ７６の下流側の部位に設けられた流量調整弁Ｖ４の開度を調整することによって行われてもよい。なお、図２及び図３では、制御部９０からバイパス弁Ｖ３及び流量調整弁Ｖ４に入力される信号を除き、制御部９０が受信する信号及び制御部９０が送信する信号の図示は省略されている。 For example, the control unit 90 adjusts the inflow amount of the working medium into the first heat exchange unit 71 by a bypass flow connected to the working medium circulation flow path 77 so as to bypass the pump 76, as shown in FIG. This may be done by adjusting the opening degree of the bypass valve V3 provided on the road 78. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 3, the inflow amount is adjusted by adjusting the opening degree of the flow rate adjusting valve V4 provided in the downstream portion of the pump 76 in the working medium circulation flow path 77. You may. Note that in FIGS. 2 and 3, the signals received by the control unit 90 and the signals transmitted by the control unit 90 are not shown except for the signals input from the control unit 90 to the bypass valve V3 and the flow rate adjusting valve V4. There is.

また、第２熱交換部７２の第２冷却水流路７２ｂをバイパスするように第２循環流路６０に接続されたバイパス流路６２に替えて、図４に示されるように、第２熱交換部７２の第２作動媒体流路７２ａをバイパスするように作動媒体循環流路７７に接続されたバイパス流路７９が設けられてもよい。また、バイパス流路７９の上流側の端部（作動媒体循環流路７７のうち第１作動媒体流路７１ａと第２作動媒体流路７２ａとの間の部位とバイパス流路７９との接続部）に切替部（この例では三方弁）８０が設けられてもよい。この場合、制御部９０は、切替部（三方弁）８０の開度を調整することによって第１作動媒体流路７１ａから流出した作動媒体が第２作動媒体流路７２ａにのみ流入する定常状態と、第１作動媒体流路７１ａから流出した作動媒体がバイパス流路７９にのみ流入するバイパス状態と、を切り替える。 Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the second heat exchange is performed instead of the bypass flow path 62 connected to the second circulation flow path 60 so as to bypass the second cooling water flow path 72b of the second heat exchange unit 72. A bypass flow path 79 connected to the working medium circulation flow path 77 may be provided so as to bypass the second working medium flow path 72a of the unit 72. Further, an end portion on the upstream side of the bypass flow path 79 (a portion between the first working medium flow path 71a and the second working medium flow path 72a of the working medium circulation flow path 77 and a connection portion between the bypass flow path 79). ) May be provided with a switching portion (three-way valve in this example) 80. In this case, the control unit 90 is in a steady state in which the working medium flowing out of the first working medium flow path 71a flows only into the second working medium flow path 72a by adjusting the opening degree of the switching unit (three-way valve) 80. , The bypass state in which the working medium flowing out of the first working medium flow path 71a flows into the bypass flow path 79 only is switched.

１０ エンジン
２０ 過給機
２１ タービン
２２ コンプレッサー
３０ エアクーラ
４０ 冷却器
５０ 第１循環流路
６０ 第２循環流路
６２ バイパス流路
７０ 熱エネルギー回収ユニット
７１ 第１熱交換部
７２ 第２熱交換部
７３ 膨張機
７４ 動力回収機
７５ 凝縮器
７６ ポンプ
７７ 作動媒体循環流路
８０ 切替部
９０ 制御部
Ｖ１ 第１開閉弁
Ｖ２ 第２開閉弁 10 Engine 20 Supercharger 21 Turbine 22 Compressor 30 Air cooler 40 Cooler 50 1st circulation flow path 60 2nd circulation flow path 62 Bypass flow path 70 Thermal energy recovery unit 71 1st heat exchange part 72 2nd heat exchange part 73 Expansion Machine 74 Power recovery machine 75 Condenser 76 Pump 77 Operating medium circulation flow path 80 Switching unit 90 Control unit V1 1st on-off valve V2 2nd on-off valve

Claims (5)

熱エネルギー回収システムであって、
エンジンと、
前記エンジンから排出された排ガスにより駆動されるタービン及び前記タービンに接続されており前記エンジンに供給するための過給空気を吐出するコンプレッサーを有する過給機と、
前記エンジンに供給される過給空気を冷却するエアクーラと、
前記エンジン及び前記過給空気を冷却する冷却水を貯留するとともに当該冷却水を冷却する冷却器と、
前記冷却器と前記エンジンとの間で前記冷却水を循環させる第１循環流路と、
前記冷却器と前記エアクーラとの間で前記冷却水を循環させる第２循環流路と、
前記第１循環流路のうち前記エンジンと前記冷却器との間の部位に設けられており、前記エンジンを冷却した後の冷却水と作動媒体とを熱交換させることによって当該作動媒体を加熱する第１熱交換部と、
前記第２循環流路のうち前記エアクーラと前記冷却器との間の部位に設けられており、前記エアクーラから流出した冷却水と前記第１熱交換部から流出した作動媒体とを熱交換させることによって当該作動媒体を加熱する第２熱交換部と、
前記第２熱交換部から流出した作動媒体を膨張させる膨張機と、
前記膨張機に接続された動力回収機と、
前記膨張機から流出した作動媒体を凝縮させる凝縮器と、
前記凝縮器から流出した作動媒体を前記第１熱交換部に送るポンプと、
前記第１熱交換部、前記第２熱交換部、前記膨張機、前記凝縮器及び前記ポンプをこの順に接続する作動媒体循環流路と、
前記第２循環流路のうち前記エアクーラと前記第２熱交換部との間の部位を流れる冷却水の温度である第２温度が前記第１循環流路のうち前記エンジンと前記第１熱交換部との間の部位を流れる冷却水の温度である第１温度よりも大きいときは、前記第２熱交換部における前記冷却水と前記作動媒体との熱交換を維持させつつ、前記作動媒体循環流路のうち前記第２熱交換部と前記膨張機との間の部位を流れる作動媒体の過熱度が所定範囲となるように前記第１熱交換部への前記作動媒体の流入量を調整するとともに、前記第２温度が前記第１温度以下であるときは、前記第２熱交換部における前記冷却水と前記作動媒体との熱交換を停止させるとともに、前記作動媒体循環流路のうち前記第１熱交換部と前記第２熱交換部との間の部位を流れる作動媒体の過熱度が前記所定範囲となるように前記第１熱交換部への前記作動媒体の流入量を調整する制御部と、を備える、熱エネルギー回収システム。 It is a thermal energy recovery system
With the engine
A turbocharger having a turbine driven by exhaust gas discharged from the engine and a compressor connected to the turbine and discharging supercharged air to supply the engine.
An air cooler that cools the supercharged air supplied to the engine,
A cooler that stores cooling water that cools the engine and the supercharged air, and cools the cooling water.
A first circulation flow path for circulating the cooling water between the cooler and the engine,
A second circulation flow path for circulating the cooling water between the cooler and the air cooler,
It is provided in a portion of the first circulation flow path between the engine and the cooler, and heats the working medium by exchanging heat between the cooling water after cooling the engine and the working medium. With the first heat exchange part
A portion of the second circulation flow path between the air cooler and the cooler is provided to exchange heat between the cooling water flowing out of the air cooler and the working medium flowing out of the first heat exchange section. A second heat exchange unit that heats the working medium with
An expander that expands the working medium that has flowed out of the second heat exchange section,
The power recovery machine connected to the expander and
A condenser that condenses the working medium that flows out of the expander,
A pump that sends the working medium flowing out of the condenser to the first heat exchange unit,
An operating medium circulation flow path that connects the first heat exchange unit, the second heat exchange unit, the expander, the condenser, and the pump in this order.
The second temperature, which is the temperature of the cooling water flowing through the portion between the air cooler and the second heat exchange portion in the second circulation flow path, is the temperature of the engine and the first heat exchange in the first circulation flow path. When the temperature is higher than the first temperature, which is the temperature of the cooling water flowing through the portion between the parts, the working medium is circulated while maintaining the heat exchange between the cooling water and the working medium in the second heat exchange part. The amount of inflow of the working medium into the first heat exchange section is adjusted so that the degree of superheat of the working medium flowing through the portion of the flow path between the second heat exchange section and the expander is within a predetermined range. At the same time, when the second temperature is equal to or lower than the first temperature, the heat exchange between the cooling water and the working medium in the second heat exchange section is stopped, and the second of the working medium circulation flow paths is described. A control unit that adjusts the inflow amount of the operating medium into the first heat exchange unit so that the degree of superheat of the operating medium flowing through the portion between the first heat exchange unit and the second heat exchange unit falls within the predetermined range. And, equipped with a heat energy recovery system. 請求項１に記載の熱エネルギー回収システムにおいて、
前記第２熱交換部をバイパスするように前記第２循環流路に接続されたバイパス流路と、
前記エアクーラから流出した冷却水が前記第２熱交換部にのみ流入する定常状態と前記エアクーラから流出した冷却水が前記バイパス流路にのみ流入するバイパス状態とを切り替え可能な切替部と、をさらに備え、
前記制御部は、前記第２温度が前記第１温度よりも大きいときは前記切替部を前記定常状態とし、前記第２温度が前記第１温度以下であるときは前記切替部を前記バイパス状態とする、熱エネルギー回収システム。 In the thermal energy recovery system according to claim 1,
A bypass flow path connected to the second circulation flow path so as to bypass the second heat exchange section,
Further, a switching unit capable of switching between a steady state in which the cooling water flowing out of the air cooler flows only into the second heat exchange unit and a bypass state in which the cooling water flowing out from the air cooler flows into the bypass flow path only. Prepare,
When the second temperature is higher than the first temperature, the control unit sets the switching unit in the steady state, and when the second temperature is equal to or lower than the first temperature, the switching unit sets the switching unit in the bypass state. Thermal energy recovery system. 請求項１又は２に記載の熱エネルギー回収システムにおいて、
前記制御部は、前記第２温度が前記第１温度以下であるときは、前記作動媒体循環流路のうち前記第１熱交換部と前記第２熱交換部との間を流れる作動媒体の過熱度が前記所定範囲となり、かつ、前記作動媒体循環流路のうち前記第２熱交換部と前記膨張機との間を流れる作動媒体の過熱度が前記所定範囲の上限値と前記所定範囲の下限値よりも低い値である限界値との間の範囲となるように前記第１熱交換部への前記作動媒体の流入量を調整する、熱エネルギー回収システム。 In the thermal energy recovery system according to claim 1 or 2.
When the second temperature is equal to or lower than the first temperature, the control unit overheats the working medium flowing between the first heat exchange section and the second heat exchange section in the working medium circulation flow path. The degree is within the predetermined range, and the degree of superheat of the working medium flowing between the second heat exchange section and the expander in the working medium circulation flow path is the upper limit of the predetermined range and the lower limit of the predetermined range. A heat energy recovery system that adjusts the inflow of the working medium into the first heat exchange section so as to be in a range between a limit value that is lower than the value. 請求項１又は２に記載の熱エネルギー回収システムにおいて、
前記制御部は、前記第２温度が前記第１温度以下であるときは、前記作動媒体循環流路のうち前記第１熱交換部と前記第２熱交換部との間の部位を流れる作動媒体の過熱度が前記所定範囲の上限値と前記所定範囲の下限値よりも大きくかつ前記上限値よりも小さな値である基準値との間の範囲となるように前記第１熱交換部への前記作動媒体の流入量を調整する、熱エネルギー回収システム。 In the thermal energy recovery system according to claim 1 or 2.
When the second temperature is equal to or lower than the first temperature, the control unit flows through a portion of the working medium circulation flow path between the first heat exchange section and the second heat exchange section. To the first heat exchange unit so that the degree of superheat is in the range between the upper limit value of the predetermined range and the reference value which is larger than the lower limit value of the predetermined range and smaller than the upper limit value. A thermal energy recovery system that regulates the inflow of the working medium. 請求項１ないし４のいずれかに記載の熱エネルギー回収システムを搭載する船舶。 A ship equipped with the thermal energy recovery system according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
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