JP6743014B2 - プラスチック利用農業用途向けの熱可塑性フイルム - Google Patents
プラスチック利用農業用途向けの熱可塑性フイルム Download PDFInfo
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- JP6743014B2 JP6743014B2 JP2017531518A JP2017531518A JP6743014B2 JP 6743014 B2 JP6743014 B2 JP 6743014B2 JP 2017531518 A JP2017531518 A JP 2017531518A JP 2017531518 A JP2017531518 A JP 2017531518A JP 6743014 B2 JP6743014 B2 JP 6743014B2
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- titanium
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- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 title claims description 19
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 title claims description 13
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 title claims description 12
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 title description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 50
- 229920000092 linear low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000004707 linear low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- -1 alkadienyl groups Chemical group 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Butene Chemical compound CCC=C VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011954 Ziegler–Natta catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical group O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- XNLICIUVMPYHGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentan-2-one Chemical compound CCCC(C)=O XNLICIUVMPYHGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical group [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexene Chemical compound CCCCC=C LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-octene Chemical compound CCCCCCC=C KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acetate Chemical compound CCCCOC(C)=O DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- KQNPFQTWMSNSAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutyric acid Chemical compound CC(C)C(O)=O KQNPFQTWMSNSAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical group [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000002877 alkyl aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical group [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- AMIMRNSIRUDHCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropylaldehyde Chemical compound CC(C)C=O AMIMRNSIRUDHCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000005024 alkenyl aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 10
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Octanol Natural products CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- WSSSPWUEQFSQQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-1-pentene Chemical compound CC(C)CC=C WSSSPWUEQFSQQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- BTANRVKWQNVYAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-2-ol Chemical compound CCC(C)O BTANRVKWQNVYAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000002681 magnesium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentene Chemical compound CCCC=C YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- VXEGSRKPIUDPQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[4-(4-methoxyphenyl)piperazin-1-yl]aniline Chemical compound C1=CC(OC)=CC=C1N1CCN(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)CC1 VXEGSRKPIUDPQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000005049 silicon tetrachloride Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- JMXKSZRRTHPKDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium ethoxide Chemical compound [Ti+4].CC[O-].CC[O-].CC[O-].CC[O-] JMXKSZRRTHPKDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- FQEKAFQSVPLXON-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl(trichloro)silane Chemical compound CCCC[Si](Cl)(Cl)Cl FQEKAFQSVPLXON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 claims description 6
- NBXZNTLFQLUFES-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(propyl)silane Chemical compound CCC[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC NBXZNTLFQLUFES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- WETWJCDKMRHUPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetyl chloride Chemical compound CC(Cl)=O WETWJCDKMRHUPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- XYJRNCYWTVGEEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(2-methylpropyl)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CC(C)C XYJRNCYWTVGEEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical group [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001266 acyl halides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- YHWCPXVTRSHPNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-olate;titanium(4+) Chemical compound [Ti+4].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-] YHWCPXVTRSHPNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- BSDOQSMQCZQLDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-olate;zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [Zr+4].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-] BSDOQSMQCZQLDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001733 carboxylic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- LIKFHECYJZWXFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyldichlorosilane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(Cl)Cl LIKFHECYJZWXFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzophenone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- QYZLKGVUSQXAMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N penta-1,4-diene Chemical compound C=CCC=C QYZLKGVUSQXAMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZCUFMDLYAMJYST-UHFFFAOYSA-N thorium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Th]=O ZCUFMDLYAMJYST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012965 benzophenone Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzotriazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N[N][N]C2=C1 QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012964 benzotriazole Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M salicylate Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960001860 salicylate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 37
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 20
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- 238000004630 atomic force microscopy Methods 0.000 description 13
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 13
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
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- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 8
- AFABGHUZZDYHJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl butane Natural products CCCC(C)C AFABGHUZZDYHJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- QWTDNUCVQCZILF-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopentane Chemical compound CCC(C)C QWTDNUCVQCZILF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 8
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- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000007655 standard test method Methods 0.000 description 8
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- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 7
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- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 5
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- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 4
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229920001684 low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004702 low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- VOITXYVAKOUIBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylaluminium Chemical compound CC[Al](CC)CC VOITXYVAKOUIBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZTQSAGDEMFDKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyric aldehyde Natural products CCCC=O ZTQSAGDEMFDKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000012685 gas phase polymerization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003898 horticulture Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- KJJBSBKRXUVBMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;butane Chemical compound [Mg+2].CCC[CH2-].CCC[CH2-] KJJBSBKRXUVBMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- SSDSCDGVMJFTEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecyl 3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 SSDSCDGVMJFTEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)(Cl)Cl XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 3
- VXUYXOFXAQZZMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium(IV) isopropoxide Chemical compound CC(C)O[Ti](OC(C)C)(OC(C)C)OC(C)C VXUYXOFXAQZZMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyric acid Chemical compound CCCC(O)=O FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RGPSRYWDFHAWOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCCCCCCC[Mg]CCCC Chemical compound CCCCCCCC[Mg]CCCC RGPSRYWDFHAWOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
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- XFAOZKNGVLIXLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethoxy-(2-methylpropyl)-propan-2-ylsilane Chemical compound CO[Si](C(C)C)(OC)CC(C)C XFAOZKNGVLIXLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NHYFIJRXGOQNFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethoxy-bis(2-methylpropyl)silane Chemical compound CC(C)C[Si](OC)(CC(C)C)OC NHYFIJRXGOQNFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VHPUZTHRFWIGAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethoxy-di(propan-2-yl)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(C(C)C)C(C)C VHPUZTHRFWIGAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JUESRADRPFMUCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethoxy-methyl-(2-methylpropyl)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](C)(OC)CC(C)C JUESRADRPFMUCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
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- LGROXJWYRXANBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(propan-2-yl)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)C(C)C LGROXJWYRXANBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005051 trimethylchlorosilane Substances 0.000 description 1
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- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/14—Greenhouses
- A01G9/1438—Covering materials therefor; Materials for protective coverings used for soil and plants, e.g. films, canopies, tunnels or cloches
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F210/00—Copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
- C08F210/16—Copolymers of ethene with alpha-alkenes, e.g. EP rubbers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F4/00—Polymerisation catalysts
- C08F4/42—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors
- C08F4/44—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides
- C08F4/60—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides together with refractory metals, iron group metals, platinum group metals, manganese, rhenium technetium or compounds thereof
- C08F4/62—Refractory metals or compounds thereof
- C08F4/64—Titanium, zirconium, hafnium or compounds thereof
- C08F4/659—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond
- C08F4/65916—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond supported on a carrier, e.g. silica, MgCl2, polymer
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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Description
(a)ヒドロキシル基を有する脱水された担体を、一般式MgR1R2を有するマグネシウム化合物と接触させる工程、式中、R1およびR2は、同じかまたは異なり、独立して、アルキル基、アルケニル基、アルカジエニル基、アリール基、アルカリール基、アルケニルアリール基およびアルカジエニルアリール基を含む群より選択される;
(b)工程(a)において得られた生成物を、改質化合物(A)、(B)および(C)と接触させる工程、ここで、
化合物(A)は、カルボン酸、カルボン酸エステル、ケトン、ハロゲン化アシル、アルデヒドおよびアルコールからなる群より選択される少なくとも1種類の化合物である、
化合物(B)は、一般式R11 f(R12O)gSiXhを有する化合物である、式中、f、gおよびhは、各々、0から4の整数であり、hが4である場合、改質化合物(A)がアルコールではないという条件で、f、gおよびhの合計が4であり、Siはケイ素原子であり、Oは酸素原子であり、Xはハロゲン原子であり、R11およびR12は、同じかまたは異なり、独立して、アルキル基、アルケニル基、アルカジエニル基、アリール基、アルカリール基、アルケニルアリール基およびアルカジエニルアリール基を含む群より選択され;
化合物(C)は、一般式(R13O)4Mを有する化合物である、式中、Mは、チタン原子、ジルコニウム原子またはバナジウム原子であり、Oは酸素原子であり、R13は、アルキル基、アルケニル基、アルカジエニル基、アリール基、アルカリール基、アルケニルアリール基およびアルカジエニルアリール基を含む群より選択される;および
(c)工程(b)において得られた生成物を、一般式TiX4を有するハロゲン化チタン化合物と接触させる工程、式中、Tiがチタン原子であり、Xがハロゲン原子である;
を有してなるプロセスにより製造され、
前記フイルムは、ISO 4287:1997の項目4.2.2にしたがってAFMにより測定して、40nm未満のRMS粗さ、および/またはISO 4287:1997の項目4.2.1にしたがってAFMにより測定して、30nm未満の平均粗さをさらに有することがある。
本発明によるポリエチレン組成物は、例えば、直鎖状低密度ポリエチレン(LLDPE)、好ましくはAZ LLDPEを含み得るおよび/またはからなり得る。AZ LLDPEは、それについて、新型チーグラー・ナッタ触媒(AZ触媒)の存在下でエチレンおよび別のα−オレフィンを製造するプロセスにより得られる。
新型チーグラー・ナッタ触媒は、ヒドロキシル(OH)基を有する脱水された固体担体をマグネシウム化合物と接触させて、固体マグネシウム含有担体材料を形成する第1の工程(a)を含むプロセスにおいて製造される。
新型チーグラー・ナッタ触媒系は、AZ LLDPEを得るためのスラリー相、気相または液相プロセスに適用できる。そのようなプロセスの例が、従来技術に既に記載されており、それゆえ、当業者に十分に周知されている。エチレンコポリマーは、当該技術分野に既に公知の重合条件下で、撹拌床反応器および流動床反応器などの気相プロセスにより、またはスラリー相プロセスにより、生成されることが好ましい。米国特許第4302565号および同第4302566号の各明細書が、気相プロセスを例証している。適切な例は、乾燥またはスラリー触媒供給機により供給される、気相流動床型重合反応器である。新型チーグラー・ナッタ触媒は、反応器の重合速度を制御するために、反応区域内のある位置で反応器に導入されるであろう。エチレンおよび他のアルファオレフィン、水素および窒素を含む反応性ガスを反応器に導入してもよい。生成されるポリマーは、排出系を通じて反応区域から排出してもよい。反応区域内のポリマー粒子の床は、流動化媒質として働く再循環流により、反応区域内で生じる発熱を分散させるために、流動状態に維持してもよい。反応熱と圧縮熱は、反応器の温度を制御するために、外部熱交換システムにおいて再循環流から除去することができる。例えば、反応器内のイソペンタン、n−ヘキサンまたはイソヘキサンなどの炭化水素の蒸発から生じる冷却による、反応器内から熱を除去する他の手段を使用しても差し支えない。これらの炭化水素は、反応器からの熱除去容量を改善するために、成分の反応体供給物の一部として反応器に、および/または別々に反応器に、供給しても差し支えない。反応器内のガス組成物は、再循環流の組成を補うために、例えば、反応性ガス、水素および/または窒素を供給することによって、要求される仕様を有するポリマーを生成するために一定に維持することができる。
ポリエチレン組成物からのフイルムの製造は、最も一般的に、2つの主要プロセス:インフレーションフイルム製造またはキャストフイルム製造の内の一方により行われ得る。両方のプロセスが、当該技術分野で公知であり、例えば、the Handbook of Plastic Films, E.M Abdel-Bary (ed.), Rapra Technology Ltd., 2003の項目2.3および2.4に記載されている。本発明によるフイルムは、インフレーションフイルム製造またはキャストフイルム製造のいずれによって製造してもよい。本発明によるフイルムが、インフレーションフイルム製造により製造されることが好ましい。
窒素を流しながら4時間に亘り600℃で脱水したSylopol 955シリカ2.5gを40cm3のフラスコに入れた。15cm3のイソペンタンを加えて、シリカをスラリーにし、次いで、2.5ミリモルのジ−n−ブチルマグネシウムをフラスコに加え、得られた混合物を35℃の温度で60分間に亘り撹拌した。次いで、フラスコに3.5ミリモルのメチルn−プロピルケトンを加え、得られた混合物を35℃の温度で60分間に亘り撹拌した。次いで、フラスコに0.25ミリモルのテトラエトキシシランを加え、得られた混合物を35℃の温度で30分間に亘り撹拌した。次に、フラスコに0.25ミリモルのチタンテトラエトキシドを加え、得られた混合物を35℃の温度で30分間に亘り撹拌した。続いて、フラスコに1.75ミリモルの四塩化チタンを加え、得られた混合物を35℃の温度で30分間に亘り撹拌した。最後に、60分間に亘り70℃で窒素パージを使用して、スラリーを乾燥させて、さらさらした固体生成物を生成した。
流動床気相式重合反応器において、直鎖状低密度ポリエチレンを製造するために、工程1において製造した触媒を使用した。流動床気相式重合反応器は、45cmの内径を有し、140cmの区域高さで動作した。毎時10kgの生産速度を維持するために、乾燥固体触媒供給機を使用して、反応器に触媒を供給した。エチレン、1−ブテン、水素および窒素を反応器に導入して、要求される仕様を有するポリマーを生成した。イソペンタン中5質量%のトリエチルアルミニウム(助触媒)を毎時0.08kgの供給速度で反応器に連続的に導入した。反応器の温度を86℃に、エチレンの分圧を7.0バール(700kPa)に、反応器の総圧を20.7バール(2.07MPa)に、そして空塔速度を0.42m/sに維持した。この過程を、連続3日間に亘り行った。
200ppmのIrganox 1076(2,6−ジ−tert−ブチル−4−(オクタデカンオキシカルボニルエチル)フェノール、CAS登録番号2082−79−3)、500ppmのステアリン酸亜鉛および800ppmのWeston 399(トリス(ノニルフェル)ホスファイト、CAS登録番号26523−78−4)をHenschelミキサ内に加え、工程2において製造した、25kgの直鎖状低密度ポリエチレンと5分間に亘り混合した。混合された材料を以下の条件下でZSK−30二軸スクリュー押出機を使用してペレット化した:130℃から210℃の温度プロファイル、200rpmのスクリュー速度、30mmのスクリュー直径、26のスクリューの長さ対直径の比および毎時20kgの生産量。得られたペレットを、以下の条件下でBattenfeld装置を使用して、25μm厚のインフレートフイルムに転換させた:190℃から200℃の温度プロファイル、60rpmのスクリュー速度、60mmのスクリューの直径、27のスクリューの長さ対直径の比、2.3mmのダイギャップ、40cmのフロストライン高さ、2.5:1のブローアップ比および毎時58kgの生産速度。
市販のLLDPEグレードのサンプルを使用した。コモノマーとして1−ブテンを使用し、従来のチーグラー・ナッタ触媒を使用して、このグレードを製造する。このLLDPE材料のペレットを、以下の条件下でBattenfeld装置を使用して、25μm厚のインフレートフイルムに転換させた:190℃から200℃の温度プロファイル、60rpmのスクリュー速度、60mmのスクリューの直径、27のスクリューの長さ対直径の比、2.3mmのダイギャップ、40cmのフロストライン高さ、2.5:1のブローアップ比および毎時58kgの生産速度。
Claims (14)
- プラスチック利用農業に使用するためのフィルムであって、該フィルムが熱可塑性高分子組成物の少なくとも第1の層を含み、該熱可塑性高分子組成物が、190℃の温度および2.16kgの荷重でのASTM D1238にしたがって測定して、1.0g/10分より高く、かつ高くても10.0g/10分のメルトインデックス(MI)を有する直鎖状低密度ポリエチレンを含み、前記フィルムが、ISO 4287:1997の項目4.2.2にしたがってAFMにより測定して40nm未満のフィルムRMS粗さ、および/またはISO 4287:1997の項目4.2.1にしたがってAFMにより測定して30nm未満の平均粗さを有することを特徴とするフィルム。
- 前記直鎖状低密度ポリエチレンが、新型チーグラー・ナッタ触媒の存在下で、エチレンと、第2のα−オレフィンコモノマーとの共重合体を製造する方法により得られ、前記新型チーグラー・ナッタ触媒が、
(a)ヒドロキシル基を有する脱水された担体を、一般式MgR1R2を有するマグネシウム化合物と接触させる工程、式中、R1およびR2は、同じかまたは異なり、独立して、アルキル基、アルケニル基、アルカジエニル基、アリール基、アルカリール基、アルケニルアリール基およびアルカジエニルアリール基を含む群より選択される;
(b)工程(a)において得られた生成物を、改質化合物(A)、(B)および(C)と接触させる工程、ここで、
化合物(A)は、カルボン酸、カルボン酸エステル、ケトン、ハロゲン化アシル、アルデヒドおよびアルコールからなる群より選択される少なくとも1種類の化合物である、
化合物(B)は、一般式R11 f(R12O)gSiXhを有する化合物である、式中、f、gおよびhは、各々、0から4の整数であり、hが4である場合、改質化合物(A)がアルコールではないという条件で、f、gおよびhの合計が4であり、Siはケイ素原子であり、Oは酸素原子であり、Xはハロゲン原子であり、R11およびR12は、同じかまたは異なり、独立して、アルキル基、アルケニル基、アルカジエニル基、アリール基、アルカリール基、アルケニルアリール基およびアルカジエニルアリール基を含む群より選択される;
化合物(C)は、一般式(R13O)4Mを有する化合物である、式中、Mは、チタン原子、ジルコニウム原子またはバナジウム原子であり、Oは酸素原子であり、R13は、アルキル基、アルケニル基、アルカジエニル基、アリール基、アルカリール基、アルケニルアリール基およびアルカジエニルアリール基を含む群より選択される;および
(c)工程(b)において得られた生成物を、一般式TiX4を有するハロゲン化チタン化合物と接触させる工程、式中、Tiがチタン原子であり、Xがハロゲン原子である;
を有してなるプロセスにおいて製造される、請求項1記載のフィルム。 - 前記第2のα−オレフィンコモノマーが、プロピレン、1−ブテン、1−ペンテン、1−ヘキセン、1−オクテン、4−メチル−1−ペンテン、1,3−ブタジエン、1,4−ペンタジエン、1,5−ヘキサジエンおよびそれらの混合物から選択される、請求項2記載のフィルム。
- 前記新型チーグラー・ナッタ触媒の前記担体が、シリカ、アルミナ、マグネシア、トリア、ジルコニアまたはそれらの混合物から選択される、請求項2または3記載のフィルム。
- 前記化合物(A)が、メチル−n−プロピルケトン、酢酸エチル、酢酸n−ブチル、酢酸、イソ酪酸、イソブチルアルデヒド、塩化エタノイル、エタノールまたはsec−ブタノールから選択される、請求項2から4いずれか1項記載のフィルム。
- 前記化合物(B)が、テトラエトキシシラン、n−プロピルトリエトキシシラン、イソブチルトリメトキシシラン、ジメチルジクロロシラン、n−ブチルトリクロロシランまたは四塩化ケイ素から選択される、請求項2から5いずれか1項記載のフィルム。
- 前記化合物(C)が、チタンテトラエトキシド、チタンテトラ−n−ブトキシドまたはジルコニウムテトラ−n−ブトキシドから選択される、請求項2から6いずれか1項記載のフィルム。
- TiX4がTiCl4である、請求項2から7いずれか1項記載のフィルム。
- 前記熱可塑性高分子組成物が、吸収添加剤の添加によって、光活性領域における放射線の吸収を防ぐように最適化されており、前記吸収添加剤が、NIR吸収添加剤および/またはUV吸収添加剤から選択される、請求項1から8いずれか1項記載のフィルム。
- 前記熱可塑性高分子組成物がNIR吸収添加剤またはUV吸収添加剤を含む、請求項1から9いずれか1項記載のフィルム。
- 前記NIR吸収添加剤が、有機NIR吸収添加剤または無機NIR吸収添加剤、もしくはそれらの組合せから選択される1つ以上である、請求項10記載のフィルム。
- 前記UV吸収添加剤が、ベンゾフェノン、ベンゾトリアゾールおよびサリチル酸エステル、またはそれらの組合せから選択される1つ以上である、請求項10記載のフィルム。
- 農業用フィルムとしての、請求項1から12いずれか1項記載のフィルムの使用。
- 請求項1から12いずれか1項記載のフィルムを備えた温室用カバー。
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP14197561 | 2014-12-12 | ||
| EP14197561.5 | 2014-12-12 | ||
| US201562099289P | 2015-01-02 | 2015-01-02 | |
| US62/099,289 | 2015-01-02 | ||
| PCT/EP2015/078360 WO2016091682A1 (en) | 2014-12-12 | 2015-12-02 | Thermoplastic films for plasticulture applications |
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| JP2018500420A JP2018500420A (ja) | 2018-01-11 |
| JP6743014B2 true JP6743014B2 (ja) | 2020-08-19 |
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| EP (1) | EP3230351A1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP6743014B2 (ja) |
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| CN (1) | CN107206777A (ja) |
| BR (1) | BR112017012353A2 (ja) |
| EA (1) | EA201791301A1 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2016091682A1 (ja) |
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| CN107876040B (zh) * | 2017-10-30 | 2020-05-26 | 西安元创化工科技股份有限公司 | 甲醇乙醇一步合成异丁醛的催化剂及其制备方法 |
| US20210235631A1 (en) * | 2018-05-09 | 2021-08-05 | Sabanci Universitesi | Greenhouse cover loaded with pesticide providing controlled release |
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| JPH09279124A (ja) * | 1996-04-15 | 1997-10-28 | Fuji Chem Ind Co Ltd | 赤外線吸収剤及び農業用フィルム |
| CA2282430A1 (en) * | 1997-02-28 | 1998-09-03 | Idemitsu Petrochemical Company Limited | Soft transparent polyethylene resin sheet and process for producing the same |
| JPH10296840A (ja) * | 1997-02-28 | 1998-11-10 | Idemitsu Petrochem Co Ltd | ポリエチレン系軟質透明樹脂シート及びその製造方法 |
| JP3681553B2 (ja) * | 1997-09-26 | 2005-08-10 | 三善加工株式会社 | オレフィン系樹脂積層フィルム |
| DE10022037A1 (de) * | 2000-05-05 | 2001-11-08 | Bayer Ag | IR-absorbierende Zusammensetzungen |
| JP3945244B2 (ja) * | 2000-12-25 | 2007-07-18 | 住友化学株式会社 | インフレーションフィルムおよびその製造方法 |
| JP2002327072A (ja) * | 2001-05-01 | 2002-11-15 | Japan Polychem Corp | 直鎖状低密度ポリエチレンフィルム |
| CA2366519C (en) * | 2001-12-24 | 2009-05-05 | Nova Chemicals Corporation | Cast films |
| BRPI0408139A (pt) * | 2003-03-06 | 2006-03-01 | Univ Northwest | cobertura protetora de planta |
| ATE343602T1 (de) * | 2003-04-24 | 2006-11-15 | Dow Global Technologies Inc | Copolymere von ethylen und 1-hepten |
| JP2004344074A (ja) * | 2003-05-22 | 2004-12-09 | Mitsubishi Chem Mkv Co | 防藻性透明フィルム |
| DE102005019395A1 (de) * | 2005-04-25 | 2006-10-26 | Basell Polyolefine Gmbh | Formmasse aus Polyethylen zur Folienherstellung und Verfahren zum Herstellen der Formmasse in Gegenwart eines Mischkatalysators |
| JP5041958B2 (ja) * | 2007-10-23 | 2012-10-03 | 旭化成ケミカルズ株式会社 | 防曇性多層フィルム |
| JP5981441B2 (ja) * | 2010-11-26 | 2016-08-31 | サウディ ベーシック インダストリーズ コーポレイション | エチレンの重合および共重合のための固体触媒成分を製造するプロセス |
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- 2015-12-02 BR BR112017012353A patent/BR112017012353A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
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| CN107206777A (zh) | 2017-09-26 |
| US20170280636A1 (en) | 2017-10-05 |
| KR20170108947A (ko) | 2017-09-27 |
| EP3230351A1 (en) | 2017-10-18 |
| WO2016091682A1 (en) | 2016-06-16 |
| JP2018500420A (ja) | 2018-01-11 |
| BR112017012353A2 (pt) | 2018-02-27 |
| EA201791301A1 (ru) | 2017-12-29 |
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