JP6681667B2 - Seismic isolation structure - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a seismic isolation structure.

Seismic isolation buildings install a seismic isolation device between the upper and lower structures to lengthen the period of the upper structure to reduce shock and vibration during the earthquake transmitted to the upper structure. ing.
However, the laminated rubber generally used as the seismic isolation device has an elastic deformation characteristic that the amount of deformation increases in proportion to the shearing force acting on the laminated rubber. Therefore, the amount of relative displacement between the upper structure and the lower structure increases during a large earthquake. In urban areas and the like, there is a limit in securing a space between adjacent structures, and there is a demand for a configuration in which the amount of relative displacement between the upper structure and the lower structure is reduced.

To reduce the amount of relative displacement, for example, there is a method of using a lead plug-containing laminated rubber instead of the laminated rubber. However, the laminated rubber containing lead plugs undergoes residual deformation after an earthquake. Therefore, when adopted in an intermediate seismic isolation structure, it takes time and effort to restore the elevator shaft that penetrates the seismic isolation layer.
There is also a method in which a stopper is provided in parallel with the laminated rubber, and when the relative displacement amount exceeds a set value, the stopper forcibly limits the relative displacement further. However, if the relative displacement is forcibly limited by the stopper, the response acceleration of the upper structure becomes large.
As a seismic isolation structure that elastically restrains the deformation of the seismic isolation device, there is Patent Document 1, for example.

In Patent Document 1, a first laminated rubber supporting the upper structure is installed between the upper structure and the lower structure, and a second laminated rubber (around the first laminated rubber is provided at a predetermined interval). A configuration for disposing a deformation limiting device) is described. The second laminated rubber has a lower height than the first laminated rubber and does not support the upper structure.
As a result, during a small-to-medium earthquake in which the relative displacement between the upper structure and the lower structure is small, only the first laminated rubber elastically deforms, and the shock and vibration during the earthquake transmitted to the upper structure are reduced.
On the other hand, at the time of a large earthquake, the first laminated rubber deforms beyond a predetermined interval and contacts the second laminated rubber to press the second laminated rubber. As a result, the first laminated rubber and the second laminated rubber are elastically deformed at the same time, increasing the spring constant of the seismic isolation device and reducing the relative displacement between the upper structure and the lower structure.

JP, 2010-270569, A

  However, Patent Document 1 has a configuration in which laminated rubbers are directly brought into contact with each other to elastically deform, so that a problem such as occurrence of local stress occurs.

  In view of the above facts, an object of the present invention is to provide a seismic isolation structure capable of continuously elastically deforming from a small earthquake to a large earthquake without coming into contact with the laminated rubber.

The seismic isolation structure according to the invention of claim 1 is provided between a lower structure and an upper structure, and a laminated rubber that supports the upper structure, and the laminated rubber are provided separately from the laminated rubber. Is arranged in parallel with the lower structure and the upper structure, the relative displacement amount of the lower structure and the upper structure do not contact each other until reaching a set value, In the above, abutting each other, elastic deformation means for imparting rigidity to the upper structure, between the lower structure and the upper structure, provided in parallel with the laminated rubber and the elastic deformation means, A viscous damper that absorbs vibration energy; and the elastic deformation means includes a rigid member attached to one of the lower structure or the upper structure and the other of the lower structure or the upper structure. The rigid member is mounted between Provided between the side surface of the rigid member and the side surface of the facing member, one end of which is attached to the side surface of the rigid member or one of the facing members, and the other end of the rigid member. Alternatively, the coil spring is arranged at a distance from the other side surface of the facing member.

  According to the invention described in claim 1, the upper structure is supported by the laminated rubber provided between the lower structure and the upper structure. Further, elastic deformation means is arranged between the lower structure and the upper structure. Here, the elastic deformation means do not abut each other until the relative displacement amount of the lower structure and the upper structure reaches a set value, and abut each other when the relative displacement amount exceeds the set value, so that the upper structure is rigid. Give. Further, the viscous damper absorbs vibration energy generated by an earthquake or a strong wind.

As a result, in a small-to-medium earthquake in which the relative displacement between the lower structure and the upper structure is smaller than the set value, only the laminated rubber elastically deforms, and the shock and vibration during the earthquake transmitted to the upper structure are reduced. . On the other hand, in the event of a large earthquake where the relative displacement between the lower structure and the upper structure is greater than the set value, the elastic deformation means contact each other to give rigidity to the upper structure, and the relative structure between the upper structure and the lower structure. Displacement is suppressed.
That is, it is possible to provide a seismic isolation structure capable of continuously elastically deforming from a small earthquake to a large earthquake without coming into contact with the laminated rubber.
Further, between the rigid member attached to one of the lower structure or the upper structure and the opposing member attached to the other, one end is attached to one side surface of the rigid member or the opposing member and the other end is the rigid member. Alternatively, a coil spring is provided that is spaced apart from the other side surface of the facing member.
As a result, when the relative displacement amount between the lower structure and the upper structure is equal to or less than the set value (the interval provided in advance between the coil spring and the rigid member or the opposing member), the elastic deformation means contact each other. Without doing so, only the laminated rubber is elastically deformed to reduce the shock and vibration transmitted to the upper structure during an earthquake or strong wind. On the other hand, when the relative displacement between the lower structure and the upper structure exceeds a set value, the coil spring of the elastic deformation means and the rigid member or the opposing member come into contact with each other and elastically deform. As a result, both the elastic deformation means and the laminated rubber elastically deform to impart rigidity to the upper structure, and the relative displacement between the upper structure and the lower structure is suppressed.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the seismic isolation structure according to the first aspect, the side surface of the rigid member and the side surface of the facing member are flat surfaces provided in parallel to each other, and the rigid member is formed. The width of the side surface of is larger than the width of the side surface of the facing member.

  Since the present invention has the above-mentioned configuration, it is possible to provide a seismic isolation structure capable of continuously elastically deforming from a small earthquake to a large earthquake without coming into contact with the laminated rubber.

It is a front view showing the basic composition of the seismic isolation structure concerning a 1st embodiment of the present invention. (A) is an enlarged front view of a part of the seismic isolation structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and (B) is a front view showing a modification when a relative displacement occurs. It is the Z1-Z1 sectional view taken on the line of FIG. 1 which shows the basic composition of the elastic deformation means in the seismic isolation structure which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is the Z1-Z1 sectional view taken on the line of FIG. 1 which shows the modification of the elastic deformation means at the time of the relative displacement in the base isolation structure which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. (A)-(D) are all shear force-deformation amount characteristic charts for explaining the effect of the base isolation structure concerning a 1st embodiment of the present invention. (A)-(D) are all Z1-Z1 sectional view taken on the line of FIG. 1 for demonstrating the modification of the base isolation structure which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. (A) is a front view showing a basic structure of a seismic isolation structure according to a second embodiment of the present invention, and (B) is a cross-sectional view showing a structural example of elastic deformation means. (A) is a front view showing a structural example of an elastic deformation means constituting a seismic isolation structure according to a third embodiment of the present invention, (B) is a sectional view taken along line Z1-Z1 of FIG. 8 (A). And (C) is a cross-sectional view showing a modified example.

(First embodiment)
The seismic isolation structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6D.
Here, FIG. 1 shows a front view of the seismic isolation structure, FIG. 2 (A) shows a partially enlarged view of the seismic isolation structure, and FIG. 2 (B) shows a front view showing a state of being deformed by relative displacement. Is. 3 shows a cross-sectional view taken along line Z1-Z1 of FIG. 1, FIG. 4 shows a state where the seismic isolation structure is deformed due to relative displacement, and (A) to (D) of FIG. Shows the shear force-deformability. Further, FIG. 6 shows a modification of the elastic deformation means.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the seismic isolation structure is arranged in a seismic isolation layer 42 between the lower structure 12 and the upper structure 14, which are opposed to each other with a distance H1 therebetween. The seismic isolation structure has a laminated rubber 10.
In the laminated rubber 10, the lower flange 10L is fixed to the upper surface 12F of the lower structure 12, and the upper flange 10U is fixed to the lower surface 14F of the upper structure 14 to support the upper structure 14.

The laminated rubber 10 has a configuration in which a rubber portion 10G is provided between a lower flange 10L and an upper flange 10U, and a plurality of rubber portions 10G are installed at a predetermined interval.
When the lower structure 12 and the upper structure 14 are relatively displaced in the horizontal direction (for example, when the relative displacement amount in the X-axis direction is DX), the rubber portion 10G has only DX between the lower flange 10L and the upper flange 10U. It deforms (see FIG. 2B).
As the laminated rubber 10, for example, the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism seismic isolation material certification number: MVBR-0295 (N3.G3.G5) (Bridgestone Corporation, NRB natural rubber laminated rubber series) or the like can be used. These are products that are widely distributed in the market, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

Further, elastic deformation devices (elastic deformation means) 16 and 17 are provided between the lower structure 12 and the upper structure 14. The elastic deformation devices 16 and 17 have the same basic configuration, and the configuration will be described centering on the elastic deformation device 16.
The elastic deformation devices 16 and 17 have their installation directions different from each other by 90 degrees.
Two elastic deformation devices 16 and 17 are installed and function as one set. A plurality (sets) of elastic deformation devices 16 and 17 are installed on the seismic isolation layer 42 as needed.

The elastic deformation device 16 includes an intermediate member 22 formed of a rigid member, and a pair of intermediate members 22 that are disposed opposite to each other in the X-axis direction with a predetermined distance D1 therebetween. It is composed of elastic members 26R and 26L.
The elastic deformation devices 16 and 17 are arranged separately from and independently of the laminated rubber 10 and in parallel with the laminated rubber 10.

The elastic deformation device 16 has an intermediate member (rigid member) 22 protruding from the lower surface 14F of the upper structure 14 at a height H2. The height H2 of the intermediate member 22 is smaller than the height H1 of the seismic isolation layer 42, a gap is formed between the intermediate member 22 and the lower structure 12, and the lower structure 12 and the upper structure 14 in the seismic isolation layer 42 are formed. It does not interfere with the relative displacement with.
The intermediate member 22 is a rigid member formed in a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and has a length in the longitudinal direction of L1. The intermediate member 22 is arranged in the longitudinal direction in the Y-axis direction and has side surfaces 22R and 22L intersecting (orthogonal to) the X-axis.

  In the lower structure 12, a pair of elastic members 26R and 26L are arranged to face each other with the intermediate member 22 in between. The elastic members 26R and 26L have opposing members 24R and 24L that are rigid members and are formed into a rectangular parallelepiped shape. The side surfaces of the opposing members 24R and 24L on the lower structure 12 side are joined to the lower structure 12. .

The opposing members 24R and 24L have a length in the longitudinal direction of L2 (the length L1 of the intermediate member 22> the length L2 of the opposing members 24R and 24L).
The opposing members 24R and 24L are arranged with their longitudinal directions in the Y-axis direction and have their side surfaces facing the intermediate member 22. The opposing members 24R and 24L are formed to have a height H3, the height H3 is smaller than the height H1 of the seismic isolation layer 42, and a gap is formed between the opposing member 24R and the upper surface 12F of the lower structure 12. The relative displacement of the lower structure 12 and the upper structure 14 at 42 is not hindered.

A plurality (two) of coil springs (elastic members) 20 are attached to the side surfaces of the facing members 24R and 24L that face the intermediate member 22, respectively.
The coil spring 20 is attached between the intermediate member 22 and the facing members 24R and 24L with the expansion / contraction direction facing the X-axis direction. The end of the coil spring 20 on the side of the intermediate member 22 is an open end, and the coil spring 20 is arranged to face the side surfaces 22R and 22L of the intermediate member 22 with a predetermined gap D1 therebetween.

It should be noted that the length CL, the outer diameter CD, the elastic characteristics, etc. of the coil spring 20 are determined by the relative amount of relative displacement between the lower structure 12 and the upper structure 14, etc.
The opposing members 24R, 24L and the intermediate member 22 are overlapped at their open end sides at a height H4 in the X-axis direction, and the other end of the coil spring 20 is attached to the overlapping portion of the opposing members 24R, 24L. ing.

Further, as shown in FIG. 3, when the elastic deformation devices 16 and 17 are arranged in a plane, when the longitudinal direction of the intermediate member 22 of the elastic deformation device 16 is arranged in the Y-axis direction, the intermediate member 22 of the elastic deformation device 17 is arranged. Is arranged in the X-axis direction.
Accordingly, not only vibration in the X-axis direction and Y-axis direction, but also vibration in an oblique direction can be coped with.

That is, as shown in FIG. 4, for example, in the case of diagonal vibration indicated by an arrow YR that moves X1 in the X-axis direction and Y1 in the Y-axis direction, the length L1 of the intermediate member 22 is Since the opposing members 24R and 24L are formed longer than the opposing members 24R and 24L, even if the intermediate member 22 of the elastic deformation device 16 moves in an oblique direction, the intermediate member 22 of the elastic deformation device 17 contacts the coil spring 20 and the intermediate member 22 of the elastic deformation device 17 becomes a coil. It can abut the spring 20.
In this way, even if the lower structure 12 and the upper structure 14 are relatively displaced in the oblique direction indicated by the arrow YR, the coil spring 20 and the intermediate member 22 are brought into contact with each other, and the elastic deformation function is maintained.

An oil damper (viscous damper) 18 is provided between the lower structure 12 and the upper structure 14. The oil damper 18 is provided in parallel with the laminated rubber 10 and the elastic deformation device 16 with the expansion / contraction direction facing the X-axis direction.
In the oil damper 18, for example, a fixing member 19R provided at the end on the rod 29 side is joined to the lower structure 12, and a fixing member 19L provided at the end on the cylinder 28 side is attached to the upper structure 14. It is joined.

This allows the oil damper 18 to absorb the vibrational energy such as the earthquake or the strong wind that relatively displaces the lower structure 12 and the upper structure 14.
Although illustration is omitted, a plurality of oil dampers 18 are arranged, and some of the oil dampers 18 are arranged with the expansion / contraction direction oriented in the Y-axis direction.
This makes it possible to absorb vibration energy in two horizontal directions.

  According to this configuration, when the relative displacement amount between the lower structure 12 and the upper structure 14 is within a set value (predetermined interval D1) or less (for example, at the time of a small or medium earthquake), the elastic deformation devices 16 and 17 are operated. The intermediate member 22 and the elastic members 26R and 26L do not contact each other. Therefore, only the laminated rubber 10 is elastically deformed to reduce the shock and vibration transmitted to the upper structure 14 during an earthquake.

On the other hand, when the relative displacement amount between the lower structure 12 and the upper structure 14 becomes the distance D1 or more during a large earthquake, for example, the intermediate member 22 of the elastic deformation devices 16 and 17 and the elastic member 26 come into contact with each other. When the relative displacement amount further increases, the laminated rubber 10 and the coil spring 20 simultaneously elastically deform and impart rigidity to the upper structure 14.
As a result, the relative displacement between the lower structure 12 and the upper structure 14 is suppressed.

The effect of this configuration will be described with reference to FIGS. 5A to 5D in comparison with the conventional method.
5A to 5D, the horizontal axis represents the deformation amount of the base isolation structure (the relative displacement amount of the base isolation layer 42), and the vertical axis represents the shearing force acting on the base isolation structure. .

FIG. 5A shows a general shear force-deformation amount characteristic QA when the seismic isolation structure is entirely made of laminated rubber. In this seismic isolation structure, the amount of deformation increases in proportion to the shearing force acting during the earthquake (arrow JG), and since it has the elastic deformation characteristics of returning to the original position after the earthquake ends (arrow JB), the shearing force The deformation amount characteristic QA is a straight line in which the deformation amount increases in proportion to the shearing force.
Therefore, this seismic isolation structure requires additional measures to prevent the relative displacement of the upper structure and the lower structure from becoming excessive during a large earthquake.

FIG. 5B shows a general shear force-deformation amount characteristic QB in the case where the seismic isolation structure is replaced with a laminated rubber and a laminated rubber containing a lead plug is used. In the case of a laminated rubber containing a lead plug, the lead plug is plastically deformed during an earthquake, so that the relative displacement of the upper structure and the lower structure can be reduced (arrows JG1 and JG2). However, residual deformation B occurs after the earthquake (arrows JB1, JB2).
Therefore, when the laminated rubber containing a lead plug is adopted in a building with an intermediate seismic isolation structure, it takes time and effort to restore the elevator shaft that penetrates the seismic isolation layer.

FIG. 5C shows a general shear force-deformation amount characteristic QC in the case where the seismic isolation structure uses laminated rubber and a stopper in parallel with the laminated rubber. When the displacement of the upper structure exceeds the deformation amount C, the stopper is forcibly stopped at the position of the deformation amount C (arrows JG1, JG2, JB1, JB2).
In this seismic isolation structure, displacement of the upper structure is suppressed and no residual deformation remains after the earthquake. However, the response acceleration of the upper structure becomes large at the time of the deformation amount C at which the stopper acts.

FIG. 5D shows the shear force-deformation amount characteristic QD of the present embodiment.
The shear force-deformation amount characteristic QD is a straight line bent at the point of the deformation amount D. That is, in a small-to-medium earthquake in which the relative displacement between the lower structure and the upper structure is small, the impact and vibration during the earthquake transmitted to the upper structure are reduced only by the laminated rubber (arrows JG1 and JB1).
On the other hand, at the time of a large earthquake, the relative displacement between the lower structure and the upper structure exceeds the deformation amount D, and the laminated rubber and the elastic deformation means both elastically deform (arrows JG1, JG2, JB1, JB2).
As a result, the amount of relative deformation between the upper structure and the lower structure is suppressed, and residual deformation does not remain after the earthquake. Further, the response acceleration of the upper structure does not increase.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, the elastic members 26R and 26L and the intermediate member 22 do not come into contact with each other in the range where the relative displacement amount between the lower structure 12 and the upper structure 14 is the distance D1 or less, Only the laminated rubber 10 is elastically deformed to reduce shock and vibration at the time of an earthquake transmitted to the upper structure 14.

On the other hand, when the amount of relative displacement between the lower structure 12 and the upper structure 14 becomes the distance D1 or more, the elastic members 26R and 26L come into contact with each other, and the elastic member 26 elastically deforms.
As a result, both the elastic deformation devices 16 and 17 and the laminated rubber 10 are elastically deformed to impart rigidity to the upper structure 14 and reduce the relative displacement amount between the upper structure 14 and the lower structure 12.
That is, it is possible to provide a seismic isolation structure capable of continuously elastically deforming from a small earthquake to a large earthquake without coming into contact with the laminated rubber 10 supporting the upper structure 14.

  In the present embodiment, the configuration in which the intermediate member 22 is fixed to the upper structure 14 and the elastic members 26R and 26L are fixed to the lower structure 12 has been described. However, the structure is not limited to this, and the intermediate member 22 may be fixed to the lower structure 12 and the elastic members 26R and 26L may be fixed to the upper structure 14.

  Further, the elastic deformation device 16 of the present embodiment has been described with the configuration in which the coil spring 20 is attached to the side surfaces of the facing members 24R and 24L. However, the invention is not limited to this, and like the elastic deformation device 66 shown in FIG. 6A, the coil springs 20 are attached to both side surfaces of the intermediate member 22, and the open end of the coil spring 20 and the opposing member 24R, A predetermined interval D1 may be provided between the side surface of 24L.

  Further, like the elastic deformation device 68 shown in FIG. 6B, a part of the coil spring 20 has one end of the coil spring 20 attached to the side surface of the facing members 24R and 24L and the other end facing the intermediate member 22. The remaining end of the coil spring 20 may be configured such that one end of the coil spring 20 is attached to both side surfaces of the intermediate member 22 and the other end is an open end toward the facing members 24R and 24L.

Further, in this embodiment, the intermediate member 22 of the elastic deformation device 16 is fixed in the Y-axis direction, and the intermediate member 22 of the elastic deformation device 17 is fixed in the X-axis direction. However, the invention is not limited to this, and as in the elastic deformation device 70 shown in FIG. 6C, the intermediate member 62 has a rectangular shape in a plan view, and the four elastic members 26R, 26L, 26U, 26D. May be arranged on the four circumferences of the intermediate member 62 with a predetermined distance D1 from the outer peripheral surface of the intermediate member 62.
At this time, the intermediate member 62 may be provided with an opening 74 at the center thereof, if necessary.

  As another modified example, like an elastic deformation device 72 shown in FIG. 6D, the intermediate member 64 is formed in a cross shape in a plan view, and four elastic members 27R are provided in four peripheral recesses. 27L, 27M, and 27H may be installed respectively, and a predetermined distance D1 may be provided between the outer peripheral surface of the intermediate member 64 and the elastic members 27R, 27L, 27M, and 27H.

  Further, in the present embodiment, as an example of the viscous damper, the configuration in which the vibration energy is attenuated by using the oil damper 18 has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and other viscous dampers such as viscoelastic dampers may be used.

(Second embodiment)
A seismic isolation structure according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 7 (A) and 7 (B). The seismic isolation structure according to the second embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that the elastic member 32 of the elastic deformation device 30 is arranged in the vertical direction (Z-axis direction). The difference will be mainly described.
Here, FIG. 7 (A) shows a front view of the seismic isolation structure, and FIG. 7 (B) shows a sectional view of a modification thereof.

  As shown in FIG. 7A, a plurality of elastic deformation devices 30 are provided at predetermined intervals in the seismic isolation layer 42 between the lower structure 12 and the upper structure 14. Unlike the elastic deformation devices 16 and 17 of the first embodiment, the elastic deformation device 30 independently and independently exerts a seismic isolation function.

  The elastic deformation device 30 has an elastic member 32 attached to the lower structure 12 and elastically deformed. The elastic member 32 is formed of, for example, an elastic member such as a high-strength steel material in a columnar shape, has an upper end portion which is an open end, and is arranged with a predetermined gap from the upper structure 14. The lower end of the elastic member 32 is joined to the lower structure 12 by the flange 44.

A cylindrical body (rigid member) 34 is provided around the upper portion of the elastic member 32.
The tubular body 34 is formed of a rigid member such as reinforced concrete, and surrounds the elastic member 32 with a predetermined distance D2 from the outer peripheral portion of the elastic member 32. That is, the elastic member 32 and the tubular body 34 are arranged to face each other with a space. The upper end portion of the cylindrical body 34 is joined to the lower surface of the upper structure 14, the lower end portion is an open end, and a predetermined gap is provided between the upper end portion and the lower structure 12.

According to this configuration, when the relative displacement amount between the lower structure 12 and the upper structure 14 is equal to or less than the set value (predetermined interval D2), the cylindrical body 34 and the elastic member 32 of the elastic deformation device 30 contact each other. Only the laminated rubber 10 is elastically deformed without making contact with each other, and shock and vibration transmitted to the upper structure 14 at the time of an earthquake are reduced.
On the other hand, when the relative displacement amount between the lower structure 12 and the upper structure 14 is the distance D2 or more, the elastic member 32 and the cylindrical body 34 abut. As a result, the elastic member 32 is pressed by the cylindrical body 34 and elastically deforms in the X-axis direction, and rigidity is imparted to the upper structure 14. As a result, the amount of relative displacement between the upper structure 14 and the lower structure 12 can be reduced.

  As a result, it is possible to provide a seismic isolation structure that does not come into contact with the laminated rubber 10 that supports the upper structure 14 and that can continuously elastically deform from a small earthquake to a large earthquake.

In the present embodiment, the configuration in which the elastic member 32 is attached to the lower structure 12 and the cylindrical body 34 is provided in the upper structure 14 has been described. However, the configuration is not limited to this, and the elastic member 32 may be attached to the upper structure 14 and the cylinder 34 may be provided in the lower structure 12.
Other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment, and description thereof will be omitted.

FIG. 7B shows a modified example of this embodiment.
The elastic deformation device 46 of the modified example is different from the elastic deformation device 30 in that the elastic member 40 is composed of a core member 38 and a rubber member 39 that wraps the core member 38.
The core material 38 is formed of a rigid member, the lower end portion is joined to the lower structure 12, and the upper end portion is an open end. The upper end portion of the core material 38 is an open end, and is installed with a predetermined gap from the upper structure 14. A rubber member 39 is joined to the outer peripheral surface of the core member 38 so as to surround the entire circumference with a thickness T.
The cylindrical body 34 surrounds the outer peripheral surface of the rubber member 39 with a predetermined space D2.

With this configuration, when the relative displacement amount between the lower structure 12 and the upper structure 14 is in the range of the distance D2 or less, the cylindrical body 34 of the elastic deformation device 46 and the elastic member 40 do not come into contact with each other, and they are laminated. Only the rubber 10 is elastically deformed to reduce shock and vibration transmitted to the upper structure during an earthquake.
On the other hand, when the relative displacement amount between the lower structure 12 and the upper structure 14 becomes the distance D2 or more, the elastic member 40 and the cylindrical body 34 come into contact with each other. As a result, the rubber member 39 of the elastic member 40 is pressed by the cylindrical body 34 and elastically deformed, and rigidity is imparted to the upper structure 14. As a result, the amount of relative displacement between the upper structure 14 and the lower structure 12 can be reduced.
Other configurations are the same as those in the second embodiment, and description thereof will be omitted.

(Third Embodiment)
A seismic isolation structure according to the third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The seismic isolation structure according to the third embodiment differs from that of the second embodiment in that the laminated rubber 48 is adopted as a part of the elastic member 54 of the elastic deformation device 50. The difference will be mainly described.
Here, FIG. 8A is a front view of the elastic deformation device 50, FIG. 8B is a cross-sectional view taken along line Z1-Z1 thereof, and FIG. 8C is a front view showing a modified example.

As shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B, the elastic member 54 has a configuration in which the laminated rubber 48 is installed on the upper surface 12F of the lower structure 12, and the contact member 52 is attached on the laminated rubber 48. .
The contact member 52 is formed of a rigid member, and the lower end portion is joined to the upper flange 48F of the laminated rubber 48. Further, the upper end portion of the contact member 52 is an open end, and a predetermined gap is formed with the lower surface of the upper structure 14. The cylindrical body 34 attached to the upper structure 14 surrounds the contact member 52 with a distance D3 from the contact member 52. That is, the contact member 52 and the cylindrical body 34 are arranged to face each other with a space.

With this configuration, when the relative displacement amount between the lower structure 12 and the upper structure 14 is within a set value (predetermined interval D3) or less, the cylindrical body 34 and the elastic member 54 of the elastic deformation device 50 are Only the laminated rubber 10 is elastically deformed without coming into contact with each other, and shock and vibration transmitted to the upper structure 14 at the time of an earthquake are reduced.
On the other hand, when the relative displacement amount between the lower structure 12 and the upper structure 14 becomes the distance D3 or more, the elastic member 54 and the cylindrical body 34 come into contact with each other. As a result, the laminated rubber 48 of the elastic member 54 is elastically deformed by being pressed by the cylindrical body 34, and rigidity is imparted to the upper structure 14. As a result, the amount of relative displacement between the upper structure 14 and the lower structure 12 can be reduced.

That is, it is possible to provide a seismic isolation structure that does not come into contact with the laminated rubber 10 that supports the upper structure 14 and that can continuously elastically deform from a small earthquake to a large earthquake.
Other configurations are the same as those in the second embodiment, and description thereof will be omitted.

FIG. 8C shows a modified example of this embodiment.
The elastic deformation device 58 of the modified example is different from the present embodiment in that the elastic member is only the laminated rubber 56.

That is, the contact member 52 is not attached on the laminated rubber 56, and the cylindrical body 34 surrounds the upper flange 56F of the laminated rubber 56 with a predetermined space D4. That is, the upper flange 56F and the cylindrical body 34 are arranged to face each other with a space.
As a result, when the relative displacement amount between the lower structure 12 and the upper structure 14 is in the range of the interval D4 or less, the laminated rubber 56 and the cylindrical body 34 do not abut, and only the laminated rubber 10 (not shown) elastically deforms. , To reduce shocks and vibrations transmitted to the upper structure 14 during an earthquake.

On the other hand, when the relative displacement amount between the lower structure 12 and the upper structure 14 becomes equal to or larger than the set value (predetermined interval D4), the upper flange 56F of the laminated rubber 56 and the cylindrical body 34 come into contact with each other. As a result, the upper flange 56F is pressed against the tubular body 34, the rubber portion 56G of the laminated rubber 56 is elastically deformed, and rigidity is imparted to the upper structure 14.
Thereby, the amount of relative displacement between the upper structure 14 and the lower structure 12 can be reduced.

As a result, it is possible to provide a seismic isolation structure that does not come into contact with the laminated rubber 10 that supports the upper structure 14 and that can continuously elastically deform from a small earthquake to a large earthquake.
The other configuration is the same as that of the third embodiment, and the description is omitted.

10 Laminated Rubber 12 Lower Structure 14 Upper Structure 16, 17, 30, 46, 50, 58, 66, 68, 70, 72 Elastic Deformation Device (Elastic Deformation Means)
18 Oil damper (viscous damper)
20 Coil spring (elastic member, elastic deformation device, elastic deformation means)
22, 62, 64 Intermediate member (rigid member, elastic deformation device, elastic deformation means)
24 Opposing member (elastic member, elastic deformation device, elastic deformation means)
26R, 26L, 32, 40, 54, 56 Elastic member (elastic deformation device, elastic deformation means)
34 Cylindrical body (rigid member, elastic deformation device, elastic deformation means)
38 Core material (elastic member, elastic deformation device, elastic deformation means)
39 Rubber member (elastic member, elastic deformation device, elastic deformation means)
48, 56 laminated rubber (elastic member, elastic deformation device, elastic deformation means)
D1, D2, D3, D4 Predetermined interval (set value)

Claims (2)

Laminated rubber provided between the lower structure and the upper structure, and supporting the upper structure,
Separately from the laminated rubber, arranged in parallel with the laminated rubber, between the lower structure and the upper structure, the relative displacement amount of the lower structure and the upper structure to the set value. Elastic deforming means that do not abut each other until they reach each other, but abut each other when the value exceeds a set value, and impart rigidity to the upper structure,
A viscous damper that is provided in parallel with the laminated rubber and the elastic deformation means between the lower structure and the upper structure and absorbs vibration energy,
Have
The elastic deformation means,
A rigid member attached to one of the lower structure or the upper structure,
An opposing member attached to the other of the lower structure or the upper structure and opposed to each other with the rigid member interposed therebetween;
It is provided between the side surface of the rigid member and the side surface of the facing member, one end is attached to the one side surface of the rigid member or the facing member, and the other end is the other side surface of the rigid member or the facing member. Coil springs arranged at intervals,
With a seismic isolation structure. The side surface of the rigid member and the side surface of the facing member are flat surfaces provided in parallel with each other,
The width of the side surface of the rigid member is larger than the width of the side surface of the facing member,
The seismic isolation structure according to claim 1.

Images