JP6650350B2 - Debris unloading device and construction method using the same - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a slip-out device and a method of performing tunnel excavation work using the same.

Excavation works for mountain tunnels are usually (1) drilling, (2) charging, (3) blasting, (4) floating stone processing (5), slip transport (6), spraying, (7) shoring work , (8) A series of steps such as rock bolt installation is made one cycle, and the tunnel is dug by repeating this cycle.
While the space inside the mine is limited, different types of heavy equipment are required for each process, so the coordination between these processes and the setup of replacement of heavy equipment are key points in construction.
Above all, in the process of transporting debris, unless a work space is secured near the face early, it is not possible to start the subsequent spraying work, support work, rock bolt work, etc. Is being developed.

Patent Literature 1 discloses a construction method in which debris generated by blasting is supplied to a mobile crusher by a shovel loader, and after crushing, the crusher is transported to the outside of a mine by a belt conveyor.
Patent Literature 2 discloses a construction method in which the number of shovel loaders is increased in a similar construction method to increase work efficiency.

JP-A-6-212888 JP-A-6-212889

However, the prior art has the following disadvantages.
<1> Since the construction vehicle reciprocates in the space from the face to the crusher, vehicles and workers do not enter during the work. Therefore, another work cannot be started until the unloading work is completed, and a wasteful waiting time occurs.
<2> It is necessary to reciprocate a plurality of construction vehicles many times before transferring a large amount of waste to the crusher. Therefore, work time is long and work efficiency is poor.
<3> Since the tunnel pit is narrow, it is difficult to handle construction vehicles and the work efficiency is poor. In addition, when a plurality of construction vehicles are used, the work is complicated and the vehicles may come into contact with each other.
<4> Scraps stacked on the front face of the face are scooped little by little, so that the scraps cannot be collected cleanly. Therefore, even after the work, the slip may remain on the floor surface, and the construction vehicle may get on or hinder the work.
<5> Construction vehicles cannot run smoothly because the floor surface of the mine is uneven. In addition, the shear may be spilled down due to the vibration during conveyance.
<6> The air environment in the mine is likely to deteriorate due to the exhaust gas from the construction vehicle.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a shearing-out device that solves the problems of the related art and a construction method using the same.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention provides a slip-out device for transporting a slip generated from a face to a position which does not affect a subsequent process in tunnel excavation work. It has a transport deck that can move forward, has a passing part on one side on the left and right sides of the transport deck, and has a temporary placement part of the slip on the other side, It is characterized by having a discharge mechanism capable of discharging.

  The shear discharge device of the present invention may further include a base body, and the transport deck may be disposed on the base body so as to be able to move forward and backward.

  In the slip-out apparatus of the present invention, the base body may include a front base and a rear base, and a slide mechanism capable of extending and contracting between the front base and the rear base may be interposed between the front base and the rear base.

  The slip-out device of the present invention includes a hook at the rear end of the transport deck, a hook rack on the upper surface of the base body, and the hook is a claw that can be engaged with the hook rack. A pulling mechanism capable of pulling the claw portion to the transport deck.

  In the slip-out apparatus of the present invention, the sweeping mechanism may be a dump mechanism, and the dump mechanism may be configured to be able to tilt the top plate of the traffic section toward the temporary placement section.

  The construction method of tunnel excavation work using the shear discharge device of the present invention includes an installation step of installing a transport deck in front of the face of the tunnel, a crushing step of crushing the face, and a shear deck generated by the crushing at the entrance side of the transport deck. A transporting step of transporting the vehicle to the temporary section and a discharging step of discharging the shears on the passing section to the temporary section, and a passing step of passing the work vehicle performing a post-process near the face on the passing section and passing it to the face side, It is characterized by having.

Since the slip-out apparatus and the construction method using the same according to the present invention have the above-described configuration, they have at least one of the following effects.
<1> First, the scraps of the face are carried out to the temporary storage site, and the crushing of the wastes and the transport outside the mine are performed in the temporary storage site. Therefore, subsequent processes such as mortar spraying can be performed in parallel with the work of crushing and transporting the waste. Therefore, unnecessary waiting time is eliminated. Since the construction of the mountain tunnel is a repetition of one cycle, the reduced working time is added, which leads to a significant reduction in the construction period.
<2> A large amount of debris can be transported at one time by one stroke of the transport deck. Therefore, the working time is short and the working efficiency is very high.
<3> Since all the slips can be carried out by sliding in one direction, the work is easy. Also, no contact between the construction vehicles occurs.
<4> Since the debris is placed on the transport deck and transported together with the deck, the debris can be collected without leakage.
<6> A large amount of misalignment can be efficiently transported because a reaction force is applied to the base body and transport is performed using the engagement structure of the hook and the rack.
<7> Since no vehicles are used for transportation, the pit is not contaminated by exhaust gas.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of a slip-out device according to the present invention. Explanatory drawing (1) of the construction method by the shearing-out apparatus which concerns on this invention. Explanatory drawing (2) of the construction method by the slip-out apparatus which concerns on this invention. Explanatory drawing (3) of the construction method by the slip-out apparatus which concerns on this invention. Explanatory drawing (4) of the construction method by the shearing-out apparatus which concerns on this invention.

Hereinafter, with reference to the drawings, a slip-out device of the present invention and a construction method using the same will be described in detail.
The directions such as “front and rear”, “left and right”, and “up and down” in the present specification refer to the respective directions when the slip-out apparatus is arranged in the tunnel pit from the pit side to the face side.
The term “slip” is a general term for rock fragments, earth and sand, etc. generated by blasting or crushing during tunnel excavation.

[Slipping unloading device]
<1> Overall configuration (FIG. 1).
The shear discharge device 1 of the present invention is a device for transporting a shear A generated from a face to a temporary storage site which does not affect a subsequent process (a spraying work, a support work, a rock bolt work, etc.) in tunnel excavation work.
The shear discharge device 1 includes at least a base body 10 and a transport deck 20.
The transport deck 20 is installed slidably on the base body 10 in the front-rear direction.

<2> Base body.
The base body 10 is a base for covering the floor surface in the tunnel mine to smooth the movement of the transport deck 20 and for taking a reaction force for transporting the shear A by the transport deck 20.
The base body 10 is a substantially rectangular plate, and includes a front base 11, a rear base 12, and a slide mechanism 13 for connecting these.
The width of the front base 11 and the rear base 12 corresponds to the width of the floor surface in the pit.
Hanging racks 14 are provided on both sides of the rear base 12. The hanging rack 14 continuously projects upward from the upper surface of the rear base 12.
A slope for the vehicle to ride on may be provided at the rear end of the rear base 12.

<2.1> Slide mechanism.
The slide mechanism 13 is a mechanism for moving the base body 10.
The slide mechanism 13 connects the front base 11 and the rear base 12 so as to be able to expand and contract.
In the present example, the front base 11 and the rear base 12 are connected by four hydraulic cylinders to form a slide mechanism 13.
However, the type and number of the slide mechanisms 13 are not limited thereto, and a power cylinder other than the hydraulic pressure or another known mechanism can be adopted.

<2.2> Method of moving base body.
The base body 10 can move in the longitudinal direction by using the slide mechanism 13. The procedure is as follows.
In order to move the base body 10 in the face direction, the heavy machine is disposed on the rear base 12 as a weight while the slide mechanism 13 is contracted.
Subsequently, the hydraulic cylinder of the slide mechanism 13 is driven to extend the slide mechanism 13. As a result, the front base 11 is pushed forward with respect to the rear base 12.
Finally, the heavy equipment on the rear base 12 is moved onto the front base 11 to serve as a counterweight, and the slide mechanism 13 is shortened. Thereby, the rear base 12 is drawn to the front base 11, and the movement is completed.
In addition, by performing the same process in the opposite direction, the base body 10 can be moved in the wellhead direction.
Note that the method of moving the base body 10 is not limited to this, and other methods such as traction can be used. In this case, the base body 10 may be integrally formed instead of the divided body.

<3> Transport deck.
The transport deck 20 is a member for transporting the shear A backward from near the face.
The transport deck 20 is a substantially rectangular plate, and has a passing section 21 and a temporary placement section 22 on both sides of the upper surface thereof.
A moving roller 23 for moving on the base body 10 is provided below the transport deck 20.
Before and after the transport deck 20, slopes for vehicles to ride on may be provided.

<3.1> Traffic section.
The passage section 21 is a part having both a function of loading the waste A and transporting the waste A on the base body 10, a function of discharging the waste A to the temporary placement part 22, and a function as a passage for passing the construction vehicle. .
The passage unit 21 includes a sweeping mechanism 21a and a top plate 21b.

<3.1.1> Sweep mechanism.
The sweeping mechanism 21a is a mechanism for discharging the slip A on the top board 21b to the temporary placement section 22.
In this example, a dump mechanism that tilts the top plate 21b toward the temporary placement section 22 is employed.
The sweeping mechanism 21a is folded inside the top plate 21b when transporting the slip A and when passing the vehicle. At the time of the work of sweeping out the waste A, the work is unfolded, the top plate 21b is lifted and inclined toward the temporary placement part 22 side.

<3.2> Temporary placement part.
The temporary placement part 22 is a flat plate-shaped part that has a function of loading the slip A and transporting it on the base body 10 and a function as a temporary storage place for the waste A.
A fence or the like for preventing the slip A from spilling out may be provided on the side of the temporary placement part 22.

<4> Hanging hook.
The hook 30 is a member for moving the transport deck 20.
The hooks 30 are respectively installed on both sides of the rear end of the transport deck 20 toward the rear.
The hook 30 includes a claw 31 and a pulling mechanism 32.
The claw portion 31 projects downward from the tip of the hook 30 and has a shape capable of engaging with the hook rack 14 of the base body 10.
The pulling mechanism 32 has an elongated shape, one end of which is connected to the claw 31, and the other end of which is pivotally supported by the rear end of the transport deck 20.

<4.1> Tension mechanism.
The pulling mechanism 32 is a mechanism that pulls the claw 31 toward the transport deck 20.
The pulling mechanism 32 is capable of rotating the claw 31 at the tip thereof in the vertical direction about a connection portion with the transport deck 20 and is also capable of extending and contracting in the axial direction.
In this example, a hydraulic cylinder is employed as the tension mechanism 32.

[Construction method]
<1> Overall configuration.
Subsequently, a construction method of tunnel excavation work using the slip-out apparatus of the present invention will be described.
The construction method of the present invention includes at least a crushing step, a conveying step, a discharging step, and a passing step.
The above-mentioned steps are steps constituting the present invention, and before and after these steps, a face drilling step, a charging step, a spraying step, a shoring installation step, a lock bolt setting step, etc. , Which will not be described in detail here.

<2> State before construction.
The description will be started from the state where the removal of the waste in the previous cycle is completed.
There is a space between the face B and the base body 10 corresponding to the thickness of the face B excavated by blasting in the previous cycle.
The transport deck 20 is located at the rear of the base body 10, the sweeping mechanism 21a of the traffic section 21 is folded, and the upper portion of the transport deck 20 is flat.

<3> Installation process.
The installation step is a step of installing the transport deck 20 on the front of the face B of the tunnel.
First, the base body 10 is moved using the slide mechanism 13, and the front end of the front base 11 is brought into contact with the face B.
Subsequently, the transport deck 20 is slid on the base body 10 to bring the front end of the transport deck 20 into contact with the face B.
Note that since the shears A are not loaded on the transport deck 20, the transport rollers 23 can easily move.

<4> Crushing step (FIG. 2).
The crushing step is a step of crushing the face B.
The face B is crushed by blasting, and the unstable waste A remaining on the face B is dropped off.
Debris A generated by the blasting accumulates on the transport deck 20 installed in front of the face B.

<5> Transport step (FIG. 3).
The transporting step is a step of transporting the shear A to the wellhead side on the transport deck 20.
With the shears A loaded on the transport deck 20, the transport deck 20 is slid on the base body 10 to move the transport deck 20 to the rear of the base body 10.
In this example, the hook 30 is used to move the transport deck 20.
First, the claw 31 of the hook 30 is lifted upward, and the tension mechanism 32 is extended to a length at which the claw 31 can be engaged with the hanging rack 14 of the rear base 12.
Subsequently, the claw portion 31 is lowered to be engaged with the hanging rack 14.
When the hydraulic cylinder of the tension mechanism 32 is shortened in this state, the transport deck 20 moves rearward by applying a reaction force to the base body 10.
By repeating this operation, the transport deck 20 on which a large amount of the slip A is loaded can be smoothly moved to the rear portion of the base body 10.

<6> Discharge step (FIG. 4).
The discharging step is a step of discharging the slip A on the traffic section 21 to the temporary placement section 22 and securing the traveling route C of the construction vehicle on the top plate 21b of the traffic section 21.
The operator unfolds the sweeping mechanism 21a, lifts the top plate 21b, inclines it toward the temporary placement unit 22, and discharges the slip A on the top plate 21b to the temporary placement unit 22 side.
The temporary storage unit 22 is used as a temporary storage area for the waste A, and the waste A is thrown into the crusher from here.

<7> Passing step (FIG. 5).
The passing step is a step in which a work vehicle, which performs a post-process near the face B, travels on the passage 21 and passes to the side of the face B.
In the discharging step, the slip A is moved to the temporary placement section 22 on one side of the transport deck 20, and a flat traveling path C is secured on the upper surface of the passage section 21.
Therefore, a construction vehicle used for the subsequent spraying of mortar or building a shoring work can be sent from the pit side to the face B through the traveling route C.
Therefore, while the spraying work and the shoring work are being performed on the face B, the crushing of the shears A and the transporting work to the outside of the mine can be performed in parallel with this.

[Example in which the sweep mechanism is a slide mechanism]
In the first embodiment, the example in which the sweeping mechanism 21a is a dump mechanism has been described, but the invention is not limited thereto. For example, a slide mechanism that slides and pushes out the slip A on the top plate 21b toward the temporary placement portion 22 may be employed.
In short, any mechanism may be used as long as it can discharge the slip A on the traffic section 21 to the temporary placement section 22 and allow the vehicle to travel on the traffic section 21 after the discharge.

[Other examples of moving the transport deck]
In the first embodiment, an example is described in which the transport deck 20 is moved by a combination of the hanging rack 14 and the hanging hook 30, but the present invention is not limited to this.
For example, the transport deck 20 may be moved by being pulled by a chain block or a winch. Alternatively, a gear mechanism may be provided on the transport deck 20 and moved in combination with the hanging rack 14 of the base 10.
When the transport deck 20 has a self-propelled mechanism, the base body 10 is not an essential component, and the slip A can be carried out only by the transport deck 20 without installing the base body 10.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Shedding | unloading apparatus 10 Base body 11 Front base 12 Rear base 13 Slide mechanism 14 Hanging rack 20 Transport deck 21 Passing part 21a Sweep mechanism 21b Top plate 22 Temporary placement part 23 Moving roller 30 Hook hook 31 Claw part
32 Pulling mechanism A Slip B Face
C running route

Claims (6)

In a tunnel excavation work, a shear unloading device for transporting a shear generated from a face to a position that does not affect a subsequent process,
Equipped with a transport deck that can move forward and backward,
On the left and right sides of the transport deck, there is a traffic section, and on the other side, a temporary placement section of the slip,
The passing section is provided with a sweeping mechanism capable of discharging a slip on the passing section to the temporary placement section,
Sliding unloading device.   2. The device according to claim 1, further comprising a base, wherein the transport deck is disposed on the base so as to be able to move forward and backward. 3.   The said base body has a front base and a rear base, The slide mechanism which can expand and contract between both is interposed between the said front base and the said rear base, The Claim 2 characterized by the above-mentioned. Shearing out device.   A hook is provided at a rear end of the transport deck, and a hook rack is provided on an upper surface of the base body. The hook is formed by a hook that can be engaged with the hook rack and the hook. 4. The device according to claim 2, further comprising: a pulling mechanism that can be pulled to the transport deck. 5.   5. The dump mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the dump mechanism is configured to be capable of tilting a top plate of the passage unit toward the temporary placement unit. 6. A slip-out device according to Item. It is a construction method of tunnel excavation work using the slip-out apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
Installing the transport deck on the front face of the tunnel, an installation step,
A crushing process that crushes the face,
Transporting the shear generated by the crushing to the wellhead side on the transport deck,
Discharging the shears on the traffic section to the temporary storage section,
A work vehicle that performs a post-process in the vicinity of the face, travels on the traffic section and passes to the face side, and a passing step,
Construction method.

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