JP6599667B2 - Processing apparatus and processing method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a processing apparatus and a processing method, and more particularly to a processing apparatus and a processing method for cutting a workpiece in three dimensions with a processing tool based on predetermined data by numerical control using a microcomputer or the like.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there has been known a processing apparatus for manufacturing a three-dimensional structure of a desired shape by cutting a workpiece in three dimensions with a processing tool based on predetermined data by numerical control using a microcomputer or the like. Yes.

  In such a processing apparatus, the spindle on which the processing tool is attached and the table on which the workpiece is placed move in the X axis direction, the Y axis direction, or the Z axis direction in the XYZ orthogonal coordinate system, etc. The relative positional relationship between the processing tool and the workpiece placed on the table is changed in three dimensions.

Then, based on the predetermined data, in a state where the machining tool is rotated on the spindle, the workpiece is moved to the desired object by the machining tool by moving the spindle and the table while bringing the machining tool into contact with the workpiece. It was processed into a shape to produce a three-dimensional structure.

  However, in such a processing apparatus, when a resin material having a low melting point is used as a workpiece, the heat generated when the workpiece is cut by the processing tool dissolves the cutting waste generated during cutting. Cutting scraps stuck to the blade part of the machining tool.

Moreover, when fixing the to-be-processed object mounted in the table with a double-sided tape, the double-sided tape might wind around a processing tool at the time of a cutting process.

If the cutting tool is stuck to the processing tool or the cutting tool is continued with the double-sided tape wound around the processing tool, the diameter of the processing tool becomes thick and the cutting cannot be performed accurately. The problem is that the cutting force increases and the machining tool breaks, or the cutting force increases and the load on the motor for rotating the machining tool increases, causing the motor to malfunction. It was pointed out as a point.

  Note that the prior art that the applicant of the present application knows at the time of filing a patent application is not an invention related to a known literature invention, and therefore there is no prior art document information to be described in the present specification.

  The present invention has been made in view of the various problems of the conventional techniques as described above, and an object thereof is a processing apparatus and a processing method capable of removing an object attached to a processing tool. Is to provide.

  In order to achieve the above object, a machining apparatus according to the present invention cuts a workpiece placed on a table by a machining tool held on a spindle to produce a three-dimensional structure having a desired shape. In the machining apparatus, the machining tool held on the spindle is inserted and supplied to a cleaning unit for cleaning a blade portion of the machining tool and a driving means for rotating the machining tool held on the spindle. The current value is monitored, the detection means for detecting that the current value has reached a predetermined value, the counting means for counting time, and the driving means are supplied to the workpiece when cutting the workpiece. When it is detected that the current value has reached a predetermined value, the machining tool held on the spindle is inserted into the cleaning unit, and the blade portion of the machining tool is cleaned. When the time counted by the counting means reaches a predetermined time, a control means for inserting the machining tool held on the spindle into the cleaning unit and cleaning the blade portion of the machining tool; It is what you have.

  In the processing apparatus according to the present invention, in the above-described processing apparatus, the cleaning unit includes a brush, and the brush portion of the processing tool is cleaned by the brush.

  Further, in the processing apparatus according to the present invention, in the above-described processing apparatus, the control unit acquires the coordinate value of the position of the processing tool at which the cutting processing is stopped before performing the cleaning, and after the cleaning is completed. The machining tool is moved to the coordinate value, and the cutting process is resumed.

  In addition, the processing method according to the present invention includes a cleaning unit, a detection unit, and a counting unit, and cuts the workpiece placed on the table with a processing tool held on the main shaft to obtain a desired shape. A processing method for cutting the workpiece by a processing apparatus for producing a three-dimensional model of the workpiece, wherein the processing tool held on the spindle by the detecting means at the time of cutting the workpiece When it is detected that the current value supplied to the driving means for rotating the motor reaches a predetermined value, or when the time counted by the counting means reaches a predetermined time, The held processing tool is inserted into the cleaning unit to clean the blade portion of the processing tool.

  Since the present invention is configured as described above, it is possible to remove objects such as cutting waste adhering to the processing tool and double-sided tape adhering to the processing tool, so that accurate cutting can be performed. In addition, an excellent effect is obtained in that an increase in cutting resistance can be suppressed.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic perspective view of a processing apparatus according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration explanatory diagram of the cleaning unit. FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing details of the cleaning process.

Hereinafter, an example of an embodiment of a processing apparatus and a processing method according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  FIG. 1 shows a schematic perspective view of a processing apparatus according to the present invention.

  The processing apparatus 10 shown in FIG. 1 includes a fixed base member 12, side members 14 </ b> L and 14 </ b> R erected perpendicularly to the base member 12 at the left and right ends of the base member 12, and the rear end of the base member 12. In the X-axis direction in the XYZ orthogonal coordinate system, the rear member 16 is connected to the left and right side members 14L and 14R, and both ends are supported by the side members 14L and 14R. A guide rail 18 extended in the direction of the shaft, and both ends supported by the side members 14L and 14R and extended in the X-axis direction. The shaft 20 is arranged in parallel to the guide rail 18, and the guide rail 18 And a carriage 22 that is slidably mounted on each of the shafts 20 and supported so as to be movable in the X-axis direction, and that the processing tool 110 is rotatably held around the Z-axis. In addition, a main shaft 24 that is movably disposed in the Z-axis direction on the carriage 22, a pair of guide rails 26 that are disposed on the base member 12 so as to extend in the Y-axis direction, and the workpiece 100 are placed. At the same time, a table 28 slidably disposed on the guide rail 26 and supported so as to be movable in the Y-axis direction and a processing tool 110 held on the main shaft 24 are inserted, and the inserted processing tool 110 is inserted. And a cleaning unit 30 for cleaning.

Note that the entire operation of the processing apparatus 10 is controlled by the microcomputer 32.

  More specifically, the processing apparatus 10 is provided with a cover member (not shown) from the upper surface to the front surface, and is surrounded by the cover member, the base member 12, the side members 14L and 14R, and the rear member 16. In the machining space S, components such as the main shaft 24, the table 28, and the cleaning unit 30 are disposed.

In the machining space S, the workpiece 100 is cut by the machining tool 110 based on the cutting data corresponding to the shape of the desired three-dimensional structure to be produced under the control of the microcomputer 32. The Such a workpiece 100 is, for example, a resin material.

  Since the main shaft 24 is movable in the X-axis direction via the carriage 22, the main shaft 24 and the processing tool 110 held by the main shaft 24 move in the Z-axis direction on the carriage 22 and also through the carriage 22 to the X-axis direction. Move in the axial direction.

  Therefore, in the processing apparatus 10, the positional relationship between the table 28 that moves in the Y-axis direction and the main shaft 24 that moves in the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction can be relatively changed in three dimensions. Yes.

  The main shaft 24 holds the machining tool 110 and rotates the held machining tool 110 around the Z axis by driving the motor 38.

  In the specification of the present application, the processing tool 110 is a tool used to cut the workpiece 100 such as an end mill, a drill, or a cutting tool.

  Furthermore, a sensor (not shown) for detecting the magnitude of the load on the motor 38 is connected to the motor 38 for rotating the machining tool 110 on the main shaft 24.

  The detection result detected by this sensor (not shown) is output to the microcomputer 32, and the rotation amount of the processing tool 110 is constant based on the load detected by the sensor. The current value supplied to the motor 38 is changed so that

That is, when the load on the motor 38 is increased, the current value supplied to the motor 38 is increased by the control of the microcomputer 32, and when the load on the motor 38 is decreased, the motor 38 is controlled by the control of the microcomputer 32. The current value supplied to becomes smaller.

The table 28 is configured such that the workpiece 100 can be placed on the upper surface 28a, and the workpiece 100 is fixed to the upper surface 28a by, for example, a double-sided tape (not shown).

  The cleaning unit 30 is disposed near the side member 14L in the processing space S, and is configured such that the processing tool 110 held by the main shaft 24 can be inserted into the cleaning unit 30 from above.

  Specifically, the cleaning unit 30 is disposed in the box portion 34 having a depth that can accommodate at least all the blade portions 110a of the processing tool 110, and the blade portion 110a of the processing tool 110. And two brushes 36a and 36b extending along the extending direction (Z-axis direction) (see FIG. 2).

  The brushes 36a and 36b have the same configuration, and resin fibers are planted on the mandrels 36aa and 36ba extending in the Z-axis direction, respectively, and are formed in a substantially cylindrical shape. The length in the Z-axis direction is designed to be longer than the length of the blade portion 110a of the processing tool 110.

The brushes 36a and 36b are arranged so as to be rotatable about the Z axis, respectively, and the start and stop of the rotation are controlled by a cleaning control unit 32c (described later) of the microcomputer 32. As the rotation direction of the brushes 36a and 36b, the brush 36a and the brush 36b may rotate around the Z axis in the same direction or in the opposite direction.

Further, the brush 36a and the brush 36b are provided with an interval at which the blade portion 110a of the processing tool 110 can be inserted. When the blade portion 110a is inserted into the brushes 36a and 36b, the brush 36a , 36b are arranged so as to contact each other. In FIG. 2, in order to facilitate understanding of the present invention, the brushes 36a and 36b and the blade portion 110a are illustrated as not contacting each other for convenience.

The microcomputer 32 includes a control unit 32a for controlling the operations of the spindle 24, the carriage 22 and the table 28 based on the cutting data, a storage unit 32b for storing various types of information such as cutting data, and a cleaning unit 30 for processing tools. A cleaning control unit 32c that controls to clean the blade portion 110a of 110, and a detection unit 32d that detects that the current value supplied to the motor 38 for rotating the machining tool 110 in the spindle 24 has reached a predetermined value; And a counting unit 32e for counting time.

The cleaning control unit 32c controls the brushes 36a and 36b in the carriage 22, the main shaft 24, and the cleaning unit 30, and brushes and cleans the blade portion 110a of the processing tool 110 at a predetermined timing. Brushing is an operation of rubbing an object (that is, the blade portion 110a) with fibers in the brushes 36a and 36b.
That is, the cleaning control unit 32c moves the main shaft 24 and the carriage 22 at a predetermined timing, inserts the processing tool 110 held on the main shaft 24 into the cleaning unit 30, and inserts the blade portion 110a of the inserted processing tool 110. Brushing is performed by brushes 36a and 36b.

  Here, the predetermined timing for performing cleaning includes regular cleaning timing and irregular cleaning timing.

  In order to set the timing of periodic cleaning, the number of cleanings performed per hour is set based on the material of the workpiece 100, the type of the processing tool 110, the diameter of the processing tool 110, and the like. As a result, a time interval at which cleaning is performed every predetermined time interval is set.

In order to set an irregular cleaning timing, a cleaning current value, which is a current value at which cleaning is started, is set with respect to a current value supplied to the motor 38 for rotating the machining tool 110. When setting the timing of such irregular cleaning, the blade portion 110a breaks when the cutting is continued with the cutting waste of the workpiece 100 attached to the blade portion 110a of the processing tool 110 to be used. The upper limit of the current value when the motor 38 does not fail is experimentally obtained, and a current value smaller than the current value by a certain amount is set as the cleaning current value.

  When the cutting process is started, the detection unit 32d monitors the current value supplied when the motor 38 is driven, and detects that the predetermined value has been reached. The predetermined value is a current value set by the operator.

When the detection unit 32d detects that the predetermined value has been reached, the detection result is output to the cleaning control unit 32c, and the cleaning control unit 32c performs an irregular timing based on the detection result. Perform cleaning.

When the cutting process is started, the count unit 32e starts counting time. When the counted time reaches a predetermined value, the count unit 32e outputs that the predetermined time has elapsed to the cleaning control unit 32c, and the cleaning control unit 32c. Then, cleaning based on information that a predetermined time has elapsed, that is, cleaning at a regular timing is performed. The predetermined time is a time calculated from the number of cleanings performed per hour set by the operator.

  In the above configuration, when the workpiece 100 is cut by the processing device 10 to produce a three-dimensional structure, the processing device 10 performs a cutting process based on the cutting data under the control of the control unit 32a. However, the cleaning process is executed in parallel with the cutting process.

  Hereinafter, the cleaning process will be described in detail with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG. In addition, about a cutting process, since a conventionally well-known technique can be used, the detailed description shall be abbreviate | omitted.

The cleaning process by the processing apparatus according to the present invention is shown in the flowchart of FIG.

  The operator executes cutting data, the number of cleanings performed per hour for determining the periodic cleaning timing, the cleaning current value for determining irregular cleaning timing, and the cleaning in the storage unit 32b. When an operation element (not shown) is operated and the start of cutting is instructed after inputting the time to perform the cleaning, the cleaning process is started together with the cutting process.

  When this cleaning process is started, first, the timing for periodic cleaning is determined (step S302).

  That is, in the process of step S302, the cleaning control unit 32c determines how many time intervals the cleaning is performed based on the inputted number of cleanings performed per hour.

Specifically, if the number of cleanings performed per hour is input as, for example, 6 times, the timing for periodic cleaning is 10 minutes.

  Thereafter, time counting is started (step S304), and it is determined whether or not the cleaning current value has been reached (step S306).

That is, in the determination process of step S306, the cleaning control unit 32c determines whether the current value supplied to the motor 38 has reached the input cleaning current value for determining the irregular cleaning timing. I do.

If it is determined in step S306 that the cleaning current value has not been reached, the process proceeds to step S310 described later.

  On the other hand, if it is determined in step S306 that the cleaning current value has been reached, the machining tool 110 is cleaned based on the control of the cleaning control unit 32c (step S308).

  Specifically, when it is determined that the cleaning current value has been reached, the cutting process is stopped. At this time, the coordinate position of the processing tool 110 at the position where the cutting processing is stopped is acquired and stored in the storage unit 32b.

  Thereafter, the carriage 22 and the main shaft 24 are moved, and the blade portion 110 a of the processing tool 110 held by the main shaft 24 is inserted into the cleaning unit 30. The blade portion 110a inserted into the cleaning unit 30 is in contact with the brushes 36a and 36b.

  Next, the brushes 36a and 36b are rotated to brush the blade portion 110a for a predetermined time. When brushing the blade portion 110a, the processing tool 110 is rotated at a low speed (for example, the direction opposite to the rotation direction of the brushes 36a and 36b). Note that the predetermined time for brushing the blade portion 110a is based on the time for executing the cleaning input in advance.

  Thus, when brushing is performed on the blade portion 110a with the brushes 36a and 36b for a predetermined time, the cutting waste adhered to the blade portion 110a is peeled off by the brushes 36a and 36b.

When the blade portion 110a is brushed for a predetermined time, the machining tool 110 is moved to a position where the cutting process is stopped, and the cutting process is resumed.

  When the cleaning in step S308 is completed, it is next determined whether or not n minutes have passed (step S310).

  That is, in the determination process of step S310, the cleaning control unit 32 determines whether or not the timing for periodically cleaning determined in the process of step S302 has come.

Specifically, if the 10-minute interval is determined as the timing for periodic cleaning in the process of step S302 (when “n minutes = 10 minutes”), 10 minutes is determined in the determination process of step S310. A determination is made as to whether or not the time has elapsed. In the following description, “n minutes = 10 minutes” will be described.

If it is determined in step S310 that 10 minutes have not elapsed, the process returns to step S306, and the processes after step S306 are executed.

  On the other hand, if it is determined in step S310 that 10 minutes have elapsed, the processing tool 110 is cleaned based on the control of the cleaning control unit 32c (step S312).

Specifically, when it is determined that 10 minutes have elapsed, the cutting process is stopped in the same manner as the process of step S308 described above, and the blade portion 110a of the processing tool 110 is inserted into the cleaning unit 30, The brush portion 110a is brushed by the brushes 36a and 36b for a predetermined time. Thereafter, the machining tool 110 is moved to a position where the cutting process is stopped, and the cutting process is resumed.

Thereafter, it is determined whether or not the cutting process has been completed (step S314). If it is determined that the cutting process has not been completed, the process returns to step S306, and the processes after step S306 are performed. If it is determined in step S312 that the cutting process has been completed, the cleaning process ends.

  As described above, the machining apparatus 10 according to the present invention is provided with the cleaning unit 30 in the machining space S so that the motor 38 for rotating the machining tool 110 when the predetermined time has elapsed and the spindle 24 is rotated. When the load on the tool increases, the machining tool 110 is inserted into the cleaning unit 30 and the blade portion 110a of the machining tool 110 is brushed and cleaned by the brushes 36a and 36b provided in the cleaning unit 30. did.

  Thereby, in the processing apparatus 10 according to the present invention, even if cutting waste or double-sided tape adheres to the blade portion 110a of the processing tool 110, the blade portion 110a is cleaned by the cleaning unit 30, so that the cutting resistance generated during the cutting process Increase is suppressed.

  For this reason, according to the processing apparatus 10 by this invention, generation | occurrence | production of malfunctions, such as the processing tool 110 bend | folded or the motor 38 fails, is suppressed.

Furthermore, according to the processing apparatus 10 of the present invention, the life of the processing tool 110 and the motor 38 is extended.

  Further, in the processing apparatus 10 according to the present invention, by cutting the blade portion 110a of the processing tool 110, the cutting waste fixed to the blade portion 110a and the attached double-sided tape are peeled off, and the diameter of the processing tool 110 (that is, It is possible to prevent the diameter of the blade portion 110a from becoming thick.

Thereby, according to the processing apparatus 10 by this invention, an exact cutting process can be performed now.

Furthermore, in the processing apparatus 10 according to the present invention, since the processing tool 110 is automatically cleaned, it is not necessary for the operator to perform the cleaning operation of the processing tool 110, and the work burden on the operator is reduced.

  The embodiment described above may be modified as shown in the following (1) to (6).

  (1) In the above-described embodiment, the cleaning unit 30 is simply disposed in the processing space S. However, the present invention is not limited to this. When the machining tool 110 is cleaned, the lid is opened, and when the machining tool 110 is not cleaned, the lid is closed and the cutting waste generated by the cutting is stored in the box portion. 34 may not enter the inside.

  Alternatively, the cleaning unit 30 may be disposed in a space isolated from the processing space S.

  (2) Although not particularly described in the above-described embodiment, a configuration in which the interval between the brush 36a and the brush 36b can be adjusted according to the diameter of the blade portion 110a of the processing tool 110 may be adopted. .

That is, in this case, the brush 36a and the brush 36b are moved in accordance with the diameter of the blade portion 110a of the processing tool 110, and the distance between the brush 36a and the brush 36b is set to a distance narrower by a predetermined amount than the diameter. To do.
(3) In the above-described embodiment, the two brushes 36 a and 36 b are provided in the cleaning unit 30. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the number of brushes provided in the cleaning unit 30. May be one, or three or more.

  (4) In the above-described embodiment, the processing tool 110 is rotated during cleaning with the brushes 36a and 36b. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the processing tool 110 is rotated. Instead, the brushes 36a and 36b may be rotated around the blade portion 110a of the processing tool 110.

  (5) In the above-described embodiment, the cleaning unit 30 is cleaned by brushing with the brushes 36a and 36b. However, the present invention is not limited to this.

  Specifically, for example, a cleaning liquid capable of dissolving cutting waste of the workpiece 100 is stored in the cleaning unit 30, and the blade portion 110 a of the processing tool 100 is immersed in the cleaning liquid, and the processing tool 110 is used. The blade portion 110a may be cleaned by dissolving the cutting scraps fixed to the blade portion 110a by rotating at a predetermined speed.

  In this case, after the cleaning of the blade portion 110a is completed, air is blown to the blade portion 110a or the blade portion 110a is rotated at a high speed without being immersed in the cleaning liquid. Remove the attached cleaning solution.

  (6) You may make it combine suitably the embodiment shown above and the modification shown in said (1) and (5).

  The present invention is suitable for use in a processing apparatus that cuts a workpiece with a processing tool.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Processing apparatus, 22 Carriage, 24 Spindle, 28 Table, 30 Cleaning unit, 32 Microcomputer, 32a Control part, 32b Storage part, 32c Cleaning control part, 32d Detection part, 32e Count part, 34 Box part, 36a, 36b Brush , 38 Motor, 100 Workpiece, 110 Machining tool, 110a Blade part

Claims (3)

The workpiece placed on the table is cut into a three-dimensional shape of the desired shape by a machining tool that is rotatably held around the axis on a spindle that is movable along the axial direction extending in the vertical direction. In a processing device for producing a modeled object,
A cleaning unit that allows the machining tool held on the spindle to be inserted from above and cleans a blade portion of the machining tool;
It monitors the current value supplied to the drive means for rotating the machining tool held in the spindle, a detecting means for said current value is detected that reaches a predetermined value,
A counting means for counting time;
Wherein when cutting into the workpiece, when the current value supplied to the drive means detects that it has reached the predetermined value, the machining tool held in the spindle to the cleaning unit from the upper insert inserted, with cleaning the edge portion of the machining tool, if the time counted by the counting means reaches a predetermined time, the machining tool held in the spindle to the cleaning unit from the upper and, have a control means for cleaning the edge portion of the machining tool,
The cleaning unit includes:
A box portion having a depth capable of storing all of the blade portion of the processing tool inserted from above;
A first brush and a second brush which are disposed inside the box portion and extend along an extension direction of the blade portion and are rotatable around an axis along the extension direction;
Have
The first brush and the second brush are:
It is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape by planting resin fibers on a mandrel extending along the extending direction, and is formed longer than the extending direction length of the blade portion,
The blade portion is disposed with a space where the blade portion can be inserted, and the blade portion is disposed so as to abut each other when the blade portion is inserted into the space,
The control means, when cleaning the blade portion of the processing tool, inserts the blade portion of the processing tool held by the main shaft into the interval in the cleaning unit, and the first brush and the first brush 2. A processing apparatus that controls the two brushes to rotate . The processing apparatus according to claim 1,
Wherein, before performing the cleaning, to get the coordinates of the position of the processing tool was stopped cutting process, after the cleaning is completed, moving the machining tool to the coordinate value, cutting processing A processing device characterized by resuming. The workpiece placed on the table is cut into a three-dimensional shape of the desired shape by a machining tool that is rotatably held around the axis on a spindle that is movable along the axial direction extending in the vertical direction. In a processing method in a processing apparatus for producing a modeled object,
A cleaning unit that allows the machining tool held on the spindle to be inserted from above and cleans a blade portion of the machining tool ;
Detecting means for monitoring a current value supplied to a driving means for rotating the machining tool held on the spindle and detecting that the current value has reached a predetermined value ;
Counting means for counting time and
Have
The cleaning unit includes:
A box portion having a depth capable of storing all of the blade portion of the processing tool inserted from above;
A first brush and a second brush which are disposed inside the box portion and extend along an extension direction of the blade portion and are rotatable around an axis along the extension direction;
Have
The first brush and the second brush are:
It is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape by planting resin fibers on a mandrel extending along the extending direction, and is formed longer than the extending direction length of the blade portion,
The blade portions are arranged with an interval into which the blade portion can be inserted, and are arranged so that the blade portions abut each other when the blade portion is inserted into the interval.
A processing method in a processing apparatus ,
Wherein when cutting into the workpiece, by the detection means, said current supplied to said drive means for rotating the working tool held by the spindle, reaches the predetermined value when detected, or when the time counted by the counting means reaches a predetermined time, by inserting the edge portion of the machining tool held in the spindle to the distance in the cleaning unit The processing method of cleaning the blade portion of the processing tool by rotating the first brush and the second brush .

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