JP6427529B2 - 軽量な石膏ボード - Google Patents
軽量な石膏ボード Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP6427529B2 JP6427529B2 JP2016092979A JP2016092979A JP6427529B2 JP 6427529 B2 JP6427529 B2 JP 6427529B2 JP 2016092979 A JP2016092979 A JP 2016092979A JP 2016092979 A JP2016092979 A JP 2016092979A JP 6427529 B2 JP6427529 B2 JP 6427529B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- gypsum
- weight
- trimetaphosphate
- stucco
- board
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 269
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims description 269
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 claims description 88
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 79
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 66
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 66
- PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-M naphthalene-1-sulfonate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(S(=O)(=O)[O-])=CC=CC2=C1 PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 61
- UGTZMIPZNRIWHX-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium trimetaphosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P1(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)O1 UGTZMIPZNRIWHX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 29
- AZSFNUJOCKMOGB-UHFFFAOYSA-K cyclotriphosphate(3-) Chemical compound [O-]P1(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)O1 AZSFNUJOCKMOGB-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- -1 stucco Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 4
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- SUZJDLRVEPUNJG-UHFFFAOYSA-K tripotassium 2,4,6-trioxido-1,3,5,2lambda5,4lambda5,6lambda5-trioxatriphosphinane 2,4,6-trioxide Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P1(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)O1 SUZJDLRVEPUNJG-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002591 computed tomography Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 58
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 46
- 229920000881 Modified starch Polymers 0.000 description 39
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 38
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 24
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 24
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 21
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 18
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 16
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 16
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 16
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229920002261 Corn starch Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000008120 corn starch Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920000388 Polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000001205 polyphosphate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000011176 polyphosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- PASHVRUKOFIRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PASHVRUKOFIRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000005341 metaphosphate group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1-sulfonic acid Chemical class C1=CC=C2C(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=CC2=C1 PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 3
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003139 biocide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010410 dusting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009969 flowable effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920000417 polynaphthalene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000004626 scanning electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 description 3
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical group C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- ZOMBKNNSYQHRCA-UHFFFAOYSA-J calcium sulfate hemihydrate Chemical compound O.[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O ZOMBKNNSYQHRCA-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 230000008094 contradictory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003871 sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical group [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical group [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000612118 Samolus valerandi Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VEUACKUBDLVUAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Na].[Ca] Chemical compound [Na].[Ca] VEUACKUBDLVUAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VMDFASMUILANOL-WXXKFALUSA-N bisoprolol fumarate Chemical compound [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)\C=C\C([O-])=O.CC(C)NCC(O)COC1=CC=C(COCCOC(C)C)C=C1.CC(C)NCC(O)COC1=CC=C(COCCOC(C)C)C=C1 VMDFASMUILANOL-WXXKFALUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Inorganic materials [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- CKJFPVNRRHVMKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;naphthalene-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].C1=CC=C2C(S(=O)(=O)[O-])=CC=CC2=C1.C1=CC=C2C(S(=O)(=O)[O-])=CC=CC2=C1 CKJFPVNRRHVMKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013065 commercial product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007859 condensation product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004683 dihydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009837 dry grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009533 lab test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- HIEHAIZHJZLEPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;naphthalene-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].C1=CC=C2C(S(=O)(=O)[O-])=CC=CC2=C1 HIEHAIZHJZLEPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QPLUUBGVWZCEER-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium 2,4,6-trioxido-1,3,5,2lambda5,4lambda5,6lambda5-trioxatriphosphinane 2,4,6-trioxide Chemical compound [Ca++].[Ca++].[Ca++].[O-]P1(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)O1.[O-]P1(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)O1 QPLUUBGVWZCEER-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B1/00—Layered products having a non-planar shape
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/14—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B13/00—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material
- B32B13/02—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material with fibres or particles being present as additives in the layer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B13/00—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material
- B32B13/04—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material comprising such water setting substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
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- B32B13/00—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material
- B32B13/04—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material comprising such water setting substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B13/08—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material comprising such water setting substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of paper or cardboard
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B13/00—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material
- B32B13/14—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/02—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres in the form of fibres or filaments
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B29/00—Layered products comprising a layer of paper or cardboard
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B14/38—Fibrous materials; Whiskers
- C04B14/42—Glass
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/18—Waste materials; Refuse organic
- C04B18/24—Vegetable refuse, e.g. rice husks, maize-ear refuse; Cellulosic materials, e.g. paper, cork
- C04B18/241—Paper, e.g. waste paper; Paper pulp
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B22/00—Use of inorganic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. accelerators or shrinkage compensating agents
- C04B22/08—Acids or salts thereof
- C04B22/16—Acids or salts thereof containing phosphorus in the anion, e.g. phosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/08—Fats; Fatty oils; Ester type waxes; Higher fatty acids, i.e. having at least seven carbon atoms in an unbroken chain bound to a carboxyl group; Oxidised oils or fats
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/16—Sulfur-containing compounds
- C04B24/20—Sulfonated aromatic compounds
- C04B24/22—Condensation or polymerisation products thereof
- C04B24/226—Sulfonated naphtalene-formaldehyde condensation products
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/24—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B24/38—Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
- C04B24/383—Cellulose or derivatives thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
- C04B38/0051—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof characterised by the pore size, pore shape or kind of porosity
- C04B38/0054—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof characterised by the pore size, pore shape or kind of porosity the pores being microsized or nanosized
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
- C04B38/0051—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof characterised by the pore size, pore shape or kind of porosity
- C04B38/0061—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof characterised by the pore size, pore shape or kind of porosity closed porosity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
- C04B38/10—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by using foaming agents or by using mechanical means, e.g. adding preformed foam
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
- E04C2/04—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
- E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
- E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
- E04F13/14—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
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- B32B2307/5825—Tear resistant
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2419/00—Buildings or parts thereof
- B32B2419/04—Tiles for floors or walls
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2607/00—Walls, panels
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/0068—Ingredients with a function or property not provided for elsewhere in C04B2103/00
- C04B2103/0075—Anti-dusting agents
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- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
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- C04B2103/408—Dispersants
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Description
ダストの捕捉の有効性は、硬化石膏芯の組成に依存する。ナフタレンスルホネート分散剤は、もし使用レベルが十分に高いと、乾燥後、ナフタレンスルホネート分散剤と橋かけ結合して石膏結晶をともに結合し、そのため石膏複合物の乾燥強さを増大させることが分かっている。
石膏スラリー処方物は、以下の表1に示される。表1中のすべての値は、乾燥スタッコの重量に基づいて重量%として表示される。括弧内の値は、乾燥重量(ポンド)(Lb/MSF)である。
サンプル石膏ウォールボードは、米国特許6342284および6632550(本明細書において参考として引用される)に従って製造された。これは、これらの特許の実施例5に記載されたように、フォームの別の発生、および他の成分のすべてのスラリー中へのフォームの導入を含む。
スラリー処方およびテスト結果を含むさらなる石膏ウォールボードの例(ボードC、DおよびE)は、以下の表3に示される。表3のスラリー処方は、スラリーの主な成分を含む。括弧内の値は、乾燥スタッコの重量に基づいて重量%として示される。
湿潤石膏キューブ強さテストは、実験室でUnited States GypsumCorp.Chicago,Illinoisから入手できるSouthard CKSボードスタッコおよび水道水を用いて行われて、それらの湿潤圧縮強さを測定した。以下の実験室のテスト手順を用いた。
スラリー処方物を含むさらなる試験が行われ(試験ボード1および2)、そしてテスト結果は以下の表5に示される。表5のスラリー処方は、スラリーの主な成分を含む。括弧内の値は、乾燥スタッコの重量に基づいて重量%として示される。
実施例2におけるように処方B(実施例1)を使用してさらなる試験を行ったが(試験ボード3および4)、ただし予めゼラチン化したとうもろこし澱粉は、10%濃度で水により調製され(湿潤澱粉の製造)、そしてHYONIC 25 ASおよびPFM 33石けん(GEO Speciality Chemicals,Lafayette,Indianaから入手)のブレンドを使用した。例えば、試験ボード3は、25ASが65−70重量%でありそして残りがPFM 33であるHYONIC 25ASおよびPFM
33のブレンドにより製造された。例えば、試験ボード4は、HYONIC 25AS/HYONIC PFM 33の70/30(w/w)ブレンドにより製造された。試験の結果を以下の表6に示す。
実施例2におけるように処方B(実施例1)を使用して空隙体積および密度(試験ボード5−13)を測定するために、さらなる試験を行ったが、ただし予めゼラチン化したとうもろこし澱粉は、10%濃度で水により調製され(湿潤澱粉の製造)、0.5%ガラスファイバーを用いそしてナフタレンスルホネート(DILOFLO)は、45%水溶液として1.2重量%のレベルで使用された。石けんフォームは、石けんフォーム発生器を使用してつくられ、そして望ましい密度を生ずるのに有効な量で石膏スラリーへ導入された。この実施例では、石けんは、0.25Lb(約114g)/MSFから0.45Lb(約204g)/MSFのレベルで使用された。すなわち、石けんフォームの使用量は、適切なように増加または減少された。各サンプルにおいて、ウォールボードの厚さは1/2インチ(約1.27cm)であり、そして芯の体積は39.1ft3(約1.17m3)/MSFにおいて均一であるとされた。空隙体積は、表面および裏面の紙がそれから除かれた幅4フィートのウォールボードサンプルについて測定された。表面および裏面の紙は、11−18ミルの範囲の厚さを有する(各側面)。空隙体積/細孔サイズおよび細孔サイズ分布は、走査電子顕微鏡(以下の実施例8参照)およびX線CTスキャニング技術(XMT)により測定された。
試験ボード10を製造するプラント試験からの注型石膏キューブ(2インチ×2インチ×2インチ(約5.1cm×約5.1cm×約5.1cm))は、走査電子顕微鏡(SEM)により分析された。気泡の空隙および蒸発性水空隙が、石膏結晶サイズおよび形状とともに観察され測定された。
もしウォールボードが実施例7におけるように本発明の教示に従って製造されるならば、ウォールボードを加工することで生成する石膏ダストが、直径約10ミクロンより大きい石膏破片を少なくとも50重量%含むことが予想される。切断、鋸挽き、丸のみによる削り、切り込み、折り、釘打ちまたはねじ留めまたは穴開けによってウォールボードを加工することにより発生する全ダストの少なくとも約30%以上が捕捉される。
2つの実質的に平行なカバーシートの間に形成され、約75−約95%の全空隙体積を有する硬化石膏芯を含むことを特徴とするダストの発生の少ない石膏ウォールボード。
硬化石膏芯が約80−約92%の全空隙体積を有する付記1のダストの発生の少ない石膏ウォールボード。
硬化石膏芯が約10−約30pcf(約0.16−約0.48g/cm3)の密度を有する付記1のダストの発生の少ない石膏ウォールボード。
硬化石膏芯が、水、スタッコ、予めゼラチン化した澱粉およびナフタレンスルホネート分散剤を含む石膏含有スラリーから製造され、予めゼラチン化した澱粉は、スタッコの重量に基づいて約0.5重量%から約10重量%の量で存在する付記1のダストの発生の少ない石膏ウォールボード。
ナフタレンスルホネート分散剤が、スタッコの重量に基づいて約0.1重量%から約3.0重量%の量で存在する付記4のダストの発生の少ない石膏ウォールボード。
ナフタレンスルホネート分散剤が、スタッコの重量に基づいて約0.3重量%から約0.7重量%の量で存在する付記4のダストの発生の少ない石膏ウォールボード。
ナフタレンスルホネート分散剤が、約40重量%から約45重量%のナフタレンスルホネートを含む水溶液の形であり、そして水溶液が、スタッコの重量に基づいて約0.5重量%から約2.5重量%の量で存在する付記4のダストの発生の少ない石膏ウォールボード。
石膏含有スラリーが、スタッコの重量に基づいて約0.12重量%から約0.4重量%の量で存在するナトリウムトリメタホスフェートをさらに含む付記4のダストの発生の少ない石膏ウォールボード。
ウォールボードが、約1200Lb(約545kg)/MSFから約1400Lb(約636kg)/MSFの乾燥重量を有する付記1のダストの発生の少ない石膏ウォールボード。
ウォールボードが、約500Lb(約227kg)/MSFから約1200Lb(約545kg)/MSFの乾燥重量を有する付記2のダストの発生の少ない石膏ウォールボード。
全空隙体積の少なくとも60%が、約100ミクロンより小さい平均直径を有する空気空隙よりなる付記2のダストの発生の少ない石膏ウォールボード。
全空隙体積の少なくとも10%が、約5ミクロンより小さい平均直径を有する水空隙よりなる付記2のダストの発生の少ない石膏ウォールボード。
全空隙体積の少なくとも65%が、約10ミクロンより大きい平均直径を有する空気空隙よりなる付記2のダストの発生の少ない石膏ウォールボード。
全空隙体積の少なくとも60%が、約20ミクロンより大きい平均直径を有する空気空隙よりなる付記2のダストの発生の少ない石膏ウォールボード。
全空隙体積の少なくとも60%が、約10ミクロンより大きい平均直径を有する空気空隙よりなり、全空隙体積の少なくとも10%が、約5ミクロンより小さい平均直径を有する水空隙よりなり、空気空隙および水空隙が硬化石膏芯全体にほぼ均一に分布している付記2のダストの発生の少ない石膏ウォールボード。
全空隙体積の少なくとも60%が、約100ミクロンより小さい平均直径を有する空気空隙よりなり、空気空隙がほぼ球状であり、空気空隙が互いにほぼ分離されている付記2のダストの発生の少ない石膏ウォールボード。
硬化石膏芯が、約10ミクロンより大きい平均直径を有する空気空隙および約5ミクロンより小さい平均直径を有する水空隙を含み、空気空隙対水空隙の比が約2.3:1から約1.8:1である付記2のダストの発生の少ない石膏ウォールボード。
硬化石膏芯が、約1ミクロンから約50ミクロンの平均細孔サイズ分布を有する空隙を含む付記2のダストの発生の少ない石膏ウォールボード。
硬化石膏芯が、全空隙の約20%の量の約100ミクロンより大きい空隙、全空隙の約30%の量の約50ミクロンから約100ミクロンの空隙、および全空隙の約50%の量の約50ミクロンより小さい空隙からなる細孔サイズ分布を有する空気空隙を含む付記2のダストの発生の少ない石膏ウォールボード。
石膏含有スラリーが、約0.25Lb(約116g)/MSFから約0.48Lb(約182g)/MSFの量で存在する石けんをさらに含む付記4のダストの発生の少ない石膏ウォールボード。
石膏含有スラリーが、スタッコの重量に基づいて約2重量%以内の量で存在する紙ファイバー、およびスタッコの重量に基づいて約2重量%以内の量で存在するガラスファイバーをさらに含む付記4のダストの発生の少ない石膏ウォールボード。
水/スタッコ比が約0.7から約1.3である付記4のダストの発生の少ない石膏ウォールボード。
カバーシートが紙からなる付記1のダストの発生の少ない石膏ウォールボード。
少なくとも1つのカバーシートが、繊維状マット、不織ガラスファイバーマット、織ったガラスマットおよび非セルロース性布帛からなる群から選ばれる付記1のダストの発生の少ない石膏ウォールボード。
2つの実質的に平行なカバーシートの間に形成された予めゼラチン化した澱粉およびナフタレンスルホネート分散剤を含む硬化石膏芯を含み、硬化石膏芯が約80%から約92%の全空隙体積を有し、全空隙体積の少なくとも60%が約100ミクロンより小さい平均直径を有する空気空隙からなり、そして硬化石膏芯が約10−約30pcf(約0.16−約0.48g/cm3)の密度を有することを特徴とするダストの発生の少ない石膏ウォールボード。
硬化石膏芯が、スタッコ、予めゼラチン化した澱粉およびナフタレンスルホネート分散剤から製造され、予めゼラチン化した澱粉が、スタッコの重量に基づいて約0.5重量%から約10重量%の量で存在する付記25のダストの発生の少ない石膏ウォールボード。
ナフタレンスルホネート分散剤が、スタッコの重量に基づいて約0.1重量%から約3.0重量%の量で存在する付記26のダストの発生の少ない石膏ウォールボード。
ナフタレンスルホネート分散剤が、スタッコの重量に基づいて約0.3重量%から約0.7重量%の量で存在する付記26のダストの発生の少ない石膏ウォールボード。
石膏含有スラリーが、スタッコの重量に基づいて約0.12重量%から約0.4重量%の量で存在するナトリウムトリメタホスフェートをさらに含む付記26のダストの発生の少ない石膏ウォールボード。
ウォールボードが、約500Lb(約227kg)/MSFから約1200Lb(約545kg)の乾燥重量を有する付記29のダストの発生の少ない石膏ウォールボード。
カバーシートが紙からなる付記25のダストの発生の少ない石膏ウォールボード。
(a)水、スタッコ、予めゼラチン化した澱粉およびナフタレンスルホネート分散剤を含む石膏含有スラリーを混合する工程、予めゼラチン化した澱粉は、スタッコの重量に基づいて約0.5重量%から約10重量%の量で存在し、ナフタレンスルホネート分散剤は、スタッコの重量に基づいて約0.1重量%から約3.0重量%の量で存在する、
(b)仕上げウォールボード中で約75%から約95%の全空隙体積を形成するのに十分な石けんフォームを石膏含有スラリーに添加する工程、
(c)石膏含有スラリーを第1のカバーシート上に付着させる工程、
(d)第2のカバーシートを付着したスラリーの上に置いて石膏ウォールボードを形成する工程、
(e)石膏含有スラリーが切断するのに十分な固さになった後石膏ウォールボードを切断する工程、および
(f)石膏ウォールボードを乾燥して仕上げウォールボード中に硬化石膏芯を設ける工程
からなることを特徴とする高強度のダストの発生の少ない石膏ウォールボードを製造する方法。
硬化石膏芯中に約80%から約92%の全空隙体積を形成するのに十分な石けんフォームが、工程(b)で添加される付記32の方法。
全空隙体積の少なくとも60%が、約100ミクロンより小さい平均直径を有する空気空隙を含む付記32の方法。
第1のカバーシートおよび第2のカバーシートが紙からつくられる付記32の方法。
少なくとも1つのカバーシートが、繊維状マット、不織ガラスファイバーマット、織ったガラスマットおよび非セルロース性布帛からなる群から選ばれる付記32の方法。
スラリーが、スタッコの重量に基づいて約0.12重量%から約0.4重量%の量で存在するナトリウムトリメタホスフェートをさらに含む付記32の方法。
ウォールボードが、約1200Lb(約545kg)/MSFから約1400Lb(約636kg)/MSFの乾燥重量を有する付記32の方法。
スラリーが、スタッコの重量に基づいて約0.12重量%から約0.4重量%の量で存在するナトリウムトリメタホスフェートをさらに含む付記33の方法。
ウォールボードが、約500Lb(約227kg)/MSFから約1200Lb(約545kg)の乾燥重量を有する付記39の方法。
(a)約75%から約95%の全空隙体積を有する硬化石膏芯をもつダストの発生の少ない石膏ウォールボードを製造する工程、その際全空隙体積の少なくとも60%が約10ミクロンより大きい平均直径を有する空気空隙からなりそして全空隙体積の少なくとも10%が約5ミクロンより小さい平均直径を有する水空隙からなる、
(b)ウォールボードを加工して石膏のダストを生成する工程、および
(c)空隙中の石膏のダストの実質的な部分を捕捉する工程
からなることを特徴とする加工される石膏ウォールボードのダストの発生が少ない方法。
加工が、切断、鋸挽き、丸のみによる削り、切り込み/折り、釘打ち、釘打ち、ねじ留めおよび穴開けからなる群から選ばれる付記41の方法。
硬化石膏芯の全空隙体積が約80%から約92%である付記41の方法。
捕捉された石膏のダストの部分が、生成した石膏のダストの少なくとも約20重量%である付記41の方法。
2つの実質的に平行なカバーシートの間に形成された予めゼラチン化した澱粉およびナフタレンスルホネート分散剤を含む硬化石膏芯を含み、
予めゼラチン化した澱粉およびナフタレンスルホネート分散剤は、直径約2ミクロンより大きい石膏の破片を生ずるのに十分な量で存在し、
硬化石膏芯は、約80%から約92%の全空隙体積を有し、
全空隙体積の少なくとも60%は、約10ミクロンより大きい平均直径および約10−約30pcf(約0.16−約0.48g/cm3)の密度を有することを特徴とするダストの発生の少ない石膏ウォールボード。
硬化石膏芯が、スタッコ、予めゼラチン化した澱粉およびナフタレンスルホネート分散剤を含む石膏含有スラリーから製造され、予めゼラチン化した澱粉はスタッコの重量に基づいて約0.5重量%から約10重量%の量で存在する付記45のダストの発生の少ない石膏ウォールボード。
ナフタレンスルホネート分散剤が、スタッコの重量に基づいて約0.1重量%から約3.0重量%の量で存在する付記46のダストの発生の少ない石膏ウォールボード。
石膏含有スラリーが、スタッコの重量に基づいて約0.12重量%から約0.4重量%の量で存在するナトリウムトリメタホスフェートをさらに含む付記47のダストの発生の少ない石膏ウォールボード。
ウォールボードが、約500Lb(約227kg)/MSFから約1200Lb(約545kg)の乾燥重量を有する付記48のダストの発生の少ない石膏ウォールボード。
2つの実質的に平行なカバーシートの間に形成された予めゼラチン化した澱粉およびナフタレンスルホネート分散剤を含む硬化石膏芯を含み、硬化石膏芯は約75%から約95%の全空隙体積を有し、繊維状マット、不織ガラスファイバーマット、織ったガラスマットおよび非セルロース性布帛からなる群から選ばれた少なくとも1つのカバーシートを含むことを特徴とするダストの発生の少ない石膏ウォールボード。
硬化石膏芯が、スタッコ、予めゼラチン化した澱粉およびナフタレンスルホネート分散剤を含む石膏含有スラリーから製造され、予めゼラチン化した澱粉は、スタッコの重量に基づいて約0.5重量%から約10重量%の量で存在する付記50のダストの発生の少ない石膏ウォールボード。
ナフタレンスルホネート分散剤が、スタッコの重量に基づいて約0.1重量%から約3.0重量%の量で存在する付記51のダストの発生の少ない石膏ウォールボード。
石膏含有スラリーが、スタッコの重量に基づいて約0.12重量%から約0.4重量%の量で存在するナトリウムトリメタホスフェートをさらに含む付記51のダストの発生の少ない石膏ウォールボード。
カバーシートの少なくとも1つが不織ガラスファイバーマットである付記50のダストの発生の少ない石膏ウォールボード。
Claims (15)
- 2つのカバーシートの間に配置される硬化石膏芯を含有する石膏ボードであって、
前記硬化石膏芯は、スラリーから形成されており、該スラリーは、水、スタッコ、フォーム、ナフタレンスルホネート分散剤、及びスタッコの重量に基づいて0.5重量%から10重量%の量で存在する予めゼラチン化した澱粉を含み、さらに、任意で、スタッコの重量に基づいて0.12重量%から0.4重量%の量で存在するナトリウムトリメタホスフェートを含み、
石膏結晶マトリックスを含有する前記硬化石膏芯は、走査電子顕微鏡写真像を用いて空隙を計測して、(i)前記硬化石膏芯の全空隙体積の少なくとも10%を占める5ミクロン未満の平均直径を有する水空隙、及び(ii)前記硬化石膏芯の全空隙体積の少なくとも60%を占める10ミクロンを超える平均直径を有する空気空隙を含み、
前記石膏結晶マトリックスは、前記硬化石膏芯が、ASTM C−473に準拠して測定して、少なくとも11ポンド(約49N)の平均の芯の固さを有するように形成されており、且つ、
前記ボードは12pcf(約190kg/m3)から35pcf(約560kg/m3)の密度を有することを特徴とする、ボード。 - 前記ボードの密度は、24pcf(約380kg/m3)から31pcf(約500kg/m3)である、請求項1に記載の石膏ボード。
- 前記硬化石膏芯は、10ミクロンから50ミクロンの細孔サイズを有する空隙を含む、請求項1又は2に記載の石膏ボード。
- 前記ナフタレンスルホネート分散剤は、スタッコの重量に基づいて0.1重量%から3.0重量%の量で存在し、
前記スラリーは、ナトリウムトリメタホスフェート、カリウムトリメタホスフェート、リチウムトリメタホスフェート、及び、アンモニウムトリメタホスフェートからなる群より選択されるトリメタホスフェート化合物であって、スタッコの重量に基づいて0.12重量%から0.4重量%の量で存在するトリメタホスフェート化合物をさらに含む、請求項1から3のいずれか1項に記載の石膏ボード。 - 1/2インチ(約1.3cm)のボードの厚さで、前記ボードは、(i)1000lb/MSF(約5kg/m2)から1300lb/MSF(約6.3kg/m2)の乾燥重量、(ii)ASTM基準C−473に従って計測して、少なくとも36ポンド(約160N)の機械方向の平均曲げ強度、及び/又は、少なくとも107ポンド(約476N)の機械方向の横方向の平均曲げ強度、又は、(iii)(i)及び(ii)の組み合わせを有する、請求項1から4のいずれか1項に記載の石膏ボード。
- 2つのカバーシートの間に配置される硬化石膏芯を含有する石膏ボードであって、
前記硬化石膏芯は、空気空隙及び水空隙を含み、空気空隙対水空隙の体積比は、1.8:1から9:1であり、
前記硬化石膏芯は、スラリーから形成されており、該スラリーは、水、スタッコ、フォーム、ナフタレンスルホネート分散剤、及びスタッコの重量に基づいて0.5重量%から10重量%の量で存在する予めゼラチン化した澱粉を含み、さらに、任意で、スタッコの重量に基づいて0.12重量%から0.4重量%の量で存在するナトリウムトリメタホスフェートを含み、
前記硬化石膏芯は、走査電子顕微鏡写真像を用いて空隙を計測して、(i)前記硬化石膏芯の全空隙体積の少なくとも10%を占める5ミクロン未満の平均直径を有する水空隙、及び(ii)前記硬化石膏芯の全空隙体積の少なくとも60%を占める10ミクロンを超える平均直径を有する空気空隙を含み、
前記ボードは、24pcf(約380kg/m3)から35pcf(約560kg/m3)の密度を有し、
前記硬化石膏芯は、ASTM基準C−473に従って計測した平均の芯の固さが、少なくとも11ポンド(約49N)であることを特徴とする、石膏ボード。 - 前記ボードの密度は、24pcf(約380kg/m3)から31pcf(約500kg/m3)である、請求項6に記載の石膏ボード。
- 前記空気空隙対水空隙の体積比は、2.3:1から9:1である、請求項6又は7に記載の石膏ボード。
- 前記ナフタレンスルホネート分散剤は、スタッコの重量に基づいて0.1重量%から3.0重量%の量で存在し、
前記スラリーは、ナトリウムトリメタホスフェート、カリウムトリメタホスフェート、リチウムトリメタホスフェート、及び、アンモニウムトリメタホスフェートからなる群より選択されるトリメタホスフェート化合物であって、スタッコの重量に基づいて0.12重量%から0.4重量%の量で存在するトリメタホスフェート化合物をさらに含む、請求項6から8のいずれか1項に記載の石膏ボード。 - 1/2インチ(約1.3cm)のボードの厚さで、前記ボードは、(i)1000lb/MSF(約5kg/m2)から1300lb/MSF(約6.3kg/m2)の乾燥重量、(ii)ASTM基準C−473に従って計測して、少なくとも36ポンド(約160N)の機械方向の平均曲げ強度、及び/又は、少なくとも107ポンド(約476N)の機械方向の横方向の平均曲げ強度、又は、(iii)(i)及び(ii)の組み合わせを有する、請求項6から9のいずれか1項に記載の石膏ボード。
- 2つのカバーシートの間に配置される硬化石膏芯を含有する石膏ボードであって、
前記硬化石膏芯は、スラリーから形成されており、該スラリーは、水、スタッコ、フォーム、ナフタレンスルホネート分散剤、及びスタッコの重量に基づいて0.5重量%から10重量%の量で存在する予めゼラチン化した澱粉を含み、さらに、任意で、スタッコの重量に基づいて0.12重量%から0.4重量%の量で存在するナトリウムトリメタホスフェートを含み、
石膏結晶マトリックスを含有する前記硬化石膏芯は、X線CTスキャニング技術(XMT)により得られた3次元画像を用いて空隙を計測して、(i)前記硬化石膏芯の全空隙体積の少なくとも10%を占める5ミクロン未満の平均直径を有する水空隙、及び(ii)前記硬化石膏芯の全空隙体積の少なくとも60%を占める10ミクロンを超える平均直径を有する空気空隙を含み、
前記石膏結晶マトリックスは、前記硬化石膏芯が、ASTM C−473に準拠して測定して、少なくとも11ポンド(約49N)の平均の芯の固さを有するように形成されており、
前記ボードは12pcf(約190kg/m3)から35pcf(約560kg/m3)の密度を有することを特徴とする、石膏ボード。 - 前記ボードの密度は、24pcf(約380kg/m3)から31pcf(約500kg/m3)である、請求項11に記載の石膏ボード。
- 前記硬化石膏芯は、芯の体積の75%から92%の全空隙体積を有する、請求項11又は12に記載の石膏ボード。
- 前記ナフタレンスルホネート分散剤は、スタッコの重量に基づいて0.1重量%から3.0重量%の量で存在し、
前記スラリーは、ナトリウムトリメタホスフェート、カリウムトリメタホスフェート、リチウムトリメタホスフェート、及び、アンモニウムトリメタホスフェートからなる群より選択されるトリメタホスフェート化合物であって、スタッコの重量に基づいて0.12重量%から0.4重量%の量で存在するトリメタホスフェート化合物をさらに含む、請求項11から13のいずれか1項に記載の石膏ボード。 - 前記空気空隙は100ミクロン未満の平均細孔サイズを有する、請求項1から14のいずれか1項に記載の石膏ボード。
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