JP6139365B2 - Thermoelectric generator - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a thermoelectric power generation apparatus including a thermoelectric conversion module that generates power based on a temperature difference.

  The thermoelectric generator is an environmentally friendly generator using non-fossil fuel that extracts electric power generated by making a temperature difference between both surfaces of the thermoelectric conversion module. Energy is recovered from heat sources such as factory wastewater and hot springs, and power is supplied to on-site lighting and equipment as an independent power source, which can be used for power storage in a backup power source in case of a power failure. A thermoelectric power generation apparatus disclosed in Patent Document 1 will be described with reference to FIGS.

  A thermoelectric generator 1 shown in FIG. 26 has a plurality of rectangular parallelepiped high temperature chambers 11A and low temperature chambers 11B through which a high-temperature thermal fluid flows, and is arranged in a thermoelectric conversion module storage section (slot) 12 ( 26 (not shown in FIG. 26) is sandwiched between adjacent chambers. The high temperature chamber 11A and the low temperature chamber 11B are collectively referred to as a chamber 11. The arrows in FIG. 26 indicate the direction of the flow of the thermal fluid flowing in the thermoelectric generator 1. As shown in FIG. 26, the direction in which the high-temperature thermal fluid flows in the high-temperature chamber 11A and the direction in which the low-temperature thermal fluid flows in the low-temperature chamber 11B form an opposing flow. A pipe for taking in the thermal fluid is provided at one end of each chamber 11, and a pipe for discharging the thermal fluid is provided at the other end of the chamber 11. Since the flow of the thermal fluid in the adjacent chambers 11 constitutes a counter flow, the temperature difference between both surfaces of the thermoelectric conversion module 13 is made as uniform as possible in the longitudinal direction from the supply side to the discharge side of the thermal fluid. Power generation performance can be improved. The switching device 2 is a relay circuit for switching combinations in which each of the thermoelectric conversion modules 13 is electrically connected in series and in parallel so that a desired current and voltage can be obtained. By switching the number of thermoelectric conversion modules 13 connected in series and the number of thermoelectric conversion modules 13 connected in parallel, the output current and voltage can be changed. The control device 3 is a control panel for storing electric power obtained through the switching device 2 and performing DC / AC conversion. The control device 3 includes a battery as a power storage device, a charge controller that controls charging / discharging of electric power to the battery, an inverter that performs conversion from direct current to alternating current, and the like. The output of the control device 3 is supplied to loads such as the television device 4, the illumination device 5, and the display device 6, for example.

  FIG. 27 is a diagram illustrating an example of an arrangement of a plurality of thermoelectric conversion modules provided between the high temperature chamber 11A and the low temperature chamber 11B. As shown in FIG. 27, a plurality of thermoelectric conversion modules 13 are attached to the wall surfaces of the high temperature chamber 11A and the low temperature chamber 11B at predetermined intervals. The thermoelectric conversion module 13 is electrically connected in series, for example, in the longitudinal direction of the chamber by the wiring 14.

  FIG. 28 is a diagram showing a detailed cross-sectional shape of one thermoelectric conversion module 13. The thermoelectric conversion module 13 includes a P-type semiconductor element (thermoelectric conversion material) 22a and an N-type semiconductor element (thermoelectric conversion material) 22b having a rectangular parallelepiped or cubic shape with sides of 1 mm or more, for example, as a first electrode (conductor). It has the structure connected in series via 20a or the 2nd electrode (conductor) 20b. The first electrode 20a is covered with a first insulating plate (alumina or the like) 21a, and the second electrode 20b is covered with a second insulating plate (alumina or the like) 21b. As a material of the thermoelectric conversion module, for example, a BiTe-based or Fe2VAl-based Heusler alloy is used. For example, a solder material is used for joining between the thermoelectric conversion materials and joining the thermoelectric conversion material and the insulating plate. Further, two electrodes at both ends of the series connection structure are provided with electrode outlets 23a and 23b for connecting wirings or lead wires (not shown). In such a configuration, when the surface of the first insulating plate 21a of the thermoelectric conversion module 13 becomes high temperature due to heat from the heat source and the surface of the second insulating plate 21b becomes low temperature due to a medium flowing through the pipe 11b, the thermoelectric conversion is performed. A temperature difference is generated on both surfaces of the module 13, and thermoelectric conversion occurs in the semiconductor element groups 21 and 22 in the process of heat exchange between both fluids, thereby generating power.

  The high temperature chamber 11A and the low temperature chamber 11B are arranged as shown in FIG. 29, and a plurality of fastening jigs 50 (not shown in FIG. 29) to be described later are attached. The high temperature chamber 11 </ b> A and the low temperature chamber 11 </ b> B press the thermoelectric conversion module 13 from both sides by the tightening jig 50, and the close contact state is maintained. As shown in FIG. 29, by interposing the high thermal conductivity material 15, the adhesion between the thermoelectric conversion module 13 and the chambers 11 </ b> A and 11 </ b> B can be enhanced, and the contact thermal resistance can be reduced. The high temperature chamber 11A and the low temperature chamber 11B are made of a metal such as carbon steel, stainless steel, titanium, copper, or aluminum, for example. A general thermal fluid is hot water as a high-temperature thermal fluid and water as a low-temperature thermal fluid, but is not limited thereto.

  Next, a detailed configuration of the thermoelectric conversion device 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. 30 to 32. FIG. 30 is a perspective view showing the overall configuration of the thermoelectric generator 1. FIG. 31 is a diagram showing a configuration when the thermoelectric generator 1 is viewed horizontally from a direction perpendicular to the flow direction of the thermal fluid. FIG. 32 is a diagram illustrating a configuration when the thermoelectric generator 1 is viewed from above. In each drawing, some elements (such as wiring) are not shown in order to make the drawing easy to see. The thermoelectric generator 1 includes the above-described high temperature chamber 11A, low temperature chamber 11B, thermoelectric conversion module housing (slot) 12, thermoelectric conversion module 13, and wiring 14, as well as the chassis 10, the high temperature supply pipe 31A, and the low temperature supply pipe. 31B, high temperature supply header 32A, low temperature supply header 32B, high temperature supply pipe joint 33A, low temperature supply pipe joint 33B, high temperature supply header joint 34A, low temperature supply header joint 34B, high temperature supply pipe 41A, low temperature discharge pipe 41B, high temperature discharge header 42A, low temperature discharge header 42B, high temperature discharge pipe alignment portion 43A, low temperature discharge pipe joint portion 43B, high temperature discharge header joint portion 44A, low temperature discharge header joint portion 44B, a fastening jig 50, and the like. 30 to 32, there are four high temperature chambers 11A and four low temperature chambers 11B, respectively, and the total number of chambers is nine. The number of thermoelectric modules 13 sandwiched between one set of adjacent chambers is 17 in the chamber longitudinal direction and 2 in the vertical direction, for a total of 34 sets. A detailed description of each component is described in the column “Mode for Carrying Out the Invention” of Patent Document 1.

  Now, when water is used as the low-temperature heat fluid, it is not necessary to use water without impurities as in drinking water. For example, water containing impurities to some extent, such as spring water containing earth and sand from the ground, may be used. When spring water is used, it is free of charge, unlike tap water. Furthermore, if the thermoelectric generator 1 is installed at a location lower than the spring location, it can be transported due to the height difference, so a pump is not required and there is no power consumption. There is an advantage. Further, when hot spring water as a heat source uses hot spring water as an impurity, the hot spring water discharged after being used in the thermoelectric generator 1 can still be used as hot water for hot springs. If the thermoelectric generator 1 is installed in a place where the altitude is lower than that of the hot spring well, it can be transported due to the height difference, so there is an advantage that a pump is unnecessary and there is no power consumption.

Japanese Patent No. 4945649 Japanese Patent No. 3564274 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-190073 JP 2009-247050 A JP 2012-80761 A

  As described above, when using water containing impurities such as earth and sand to some extent, such as spring water, as the low-temperature thermal fluid, the thermoelectric generator 1 has the following problems.

  The first problem will be described with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 33 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of the high temperature chamber 11A and the low temperature chamber 11B. The low-temperature fluid flowing through the low-temperature chamber 11B is water 7, and flows into the low-temperature chamber 11B as inflow water 8. The hot fluid flowing through the high temperature chamber 11A is shown as hot water 38 in FIG. 33, but this may be hot spring water from the ground or hot water heated by solar heat. A schematic view when one of the low temperature chambers 11B is taken out is shown in FIG. The inflow water 8 flows into the low temperature chamber 11 </ b> B through the inflow channel 16, is heated from the wall surface of the low temperature chamber 11 </ b> B, and then flows out through the outflow path 17 as the outflow water 9. Only two thermoelectric conversion modules 13 are drawn with dotted lines on one side surface of the low temperature chamber 11B, and other than the two are not shown. A schematic view of a cross section of the low temperature chamber 11B is shown in FIG. Only four thermoelectric conversion modules 13 are drawn with dotted lines on one side surface of the low temperature chamber 11B, and other than four are not shown. Now, if spring water is used as the cold water 65, soil and sand are contained, and it settles on the bottom face of the low temperature chamber 11B and becomes the deposit 24.

  The water 7 cools the wall surface of the low temperature chamber 11B and cools the cold side of the thermoelectric conversion module 13 by heat conduction from the wall surface. However, if the deposit 24 is present in a sufficient amount, the contact area between the wall surface and the water 7 is reduced, and the deposit 24 is difficult to transfer heat, so the portion of the wall covered with the deposit 24 is It becomes difficult to be cooled. Further, among the thermoelectric conversion modules 13, the thermoelectric conversion modules 13 arranged on the back side of the wall surface with respect to the deposit 24 (in the four illustrated in FIG. 35, the lower two correspond) Since the nearby wall surface is not cooled much, it is difficult to cool from the wall surface. The deposit 24 increases with time, and the upper surface of the deposit 24 rises from the solid line position to the dotted line position. Therefore, the temperature on the cold side of the thermoelectric conversion module 13 until the deposit 24 is deposited to the limit amount. Increases with time. When the temperature on the cold side of the thermoelectric conversion module 13 increases, the temperature difference between the heat side and the cold side of the thermoelectric conversion module 13 decreases, and the amount of power generation decreases.

  By the way, it is possible to suppress the inflow of soil and sand into the low temperature chamber 11B by installing a filter upstream of the inflow channel 16, but soil and sand smaller than the lattice of the filter flow into the low temperature chamber 11B. Then deposit. In addition, it is necessary to make the grid sufficiently fine in order for the filter to function sufficiently, and the pressure loss increases, so that the inflowing water 8 is not easily flown. In addition, the soil or sand that has not passed through the filter accumulates on the upstream surface of the filter, further increasing the pressure loss and clogging, so that the inflow water 8 does not flow. Note that the deposit 24 is not limited to soil or sand, and any material can reach the same state. Therefore, I want to avoid installing a filter.

  Next, the second problem will be described with reference to FIGS. 33, 34, and 36. FIG.

  The description of FIGS. 33 and 34 is the same as the description in the first problem. FIG. 36 shows a schematic diagram of a cross section of the low temperature chamber 11B. Only four thermoelectric conversion modules 13 are drawn with dotted lines on one side surface of the low temperature chamber 11B, and other than four are not shown. Now, if spring water is used as the cold water 65, gas may be mixed in the inflow water 8. This may be collected together with gas when spring water is collected from the ground, or a substance dissolved in spring water may appear as a gas as the static pressure of spring water decreases. In the case where the spring water is conveyed by a height difference, the atmosphere may leak in from a connection part in the middle of the spring water pipe. Since the flow cross-sectional area of the low temperature chamber 11B is larger than that of the inflow channel 16, the flow velocity of the water 7 becomes smaller. Therefore, the gas having a density lower than that of the water 7 flows from the inflow channel 16 and then flows upward in the gravity direction. I will try. Therefore, not all the inflowing gas is pushed out from the low temperature chamber 11 </ b> B to the outflow passage 17, and a part of the gas stays on the ceiling surface as the staying gas 36.

  The water 7 cools the wall surface of the low temperature chamber 11B and cools the cold side of the thermoelectric conversion module 13 by heat conduction from the wall surface. However, if there is a sufficient amount of the staying gas 36, the contact area between the wall surface and the water 7 is reduced, and the staying gas 36 is difficult to transfer heat, so the portion of the wall covered with the staying gas 36 is It becomes difficult to be cooled. In addition, among the thermoelectric conversion modules 13, the thermoelectric conversion modules 13 (on the four shown in FIG. 36, which correspond to the upper two) arranged on the back side of the wall surface with respect to the staying gas 36 are close to them. Since the wall surface is not cooled much, it is difficult to cool from the wall surface. The staying gas 36 increases with time, and the lower surface of the staying gas 36 is lowered from the solid line position to the dotted line position. Therefore, until the staying gas 36 stays to the limit amount, the temperature on the cold side of the thermoelectric conversion module 13 is increased. Increases with time. When the temperature on the cold side of the thermoelectric conversion module 13 increases, the temperature difference between the heat side and the cold side of the thermoelectric conversion module 13 decreases, and the amount of power generation decreases. It should be noted that the inflow of gas into the low temperature chamber 11B cannot be suppressed by installing a filter in the inflow channel 16 or the like. The staying gas 36 is not limited to air, and any substance can reach the same state.

  Next, the third problem will be described with reference to FIGS.

  Although the description of FIG. 33 is the same as the description in the first problem, the hot water 38 that is a high-temperature fluid flowing through the high-temperature chamber 11A is hot spring water from the ground. A schematic view when one of the high temperature chambers 11A is taken out is shown in FIG. The inflow water 8 flows into the high temperature chamber 11 </ b> A through the inflow channel 16, is cooled from the wall surface of the high temperature chamber 11 </ b> A, and then flows out through the outflow path 17 as the outflow water 9. Only two of the thermoelectric conversion modules 13 are drawn with dotted lines on one side surface of the high temperature chamber 11A, and other than the two are not shown. Moreover, the schematic of the cross section of the high temperature chamber 11A is shown in FIG. Only four thermoelectric conversion modules 13 are drawn with dotted lines on one side surface of the high-temperature chamber 11A, and the others are not shown. Now, when hot spring water is used as the water 7, hot water flowers may be included, and precipitates on the bottom surface of the high temperature chamber 11A to become a deposit 24. Yunohana is a deposit of insoluble components of hot spring water.

  The water 7 heats the wall surface of the high temperature chamber 11A, and heats the heat side of the thermoelectric conversion module 13 by heat conduction from the wall surface. However, if the deposit 24 is present in a sufficient amount, the contact area between the wall surface and the water 7 is reduced, and the deposit 24 is difficult to transfer heat, so the portion of the wall covered with the deposit 24 is It becomes difficult to be heated. Further, among the thermoelectric conversion modules 13, the thermoelectric conversion modules 13 arranged on the back side of the wall surface with respect to the deposit 24 (in the four illustrated in FIG. 32, the lower two correspond) Since the nearby wall surface is not heated so much, it becomes difficult to be heated from the wall surface. The deposit 24 increases with time, and the upper surface of the deposit 24 rises from the solid line position to the dotted line position. Therefore, until the deposit 24 is deposited to the limit amount, the temperature on the heat side of the thermoelectric conversion module 13 is increased. Becomes lower over time. When the temperature on the hot side of the thermoelectric conversion module 13 becomes low, the temperature difference between the hot side and the cold side of the thermoelectric conversion module 13 becomes small, and the amount of power generation decreases.

  By the way, by installing a filter in the inflow channel 16, it is possible to suppress the inflow of hot water into the high temperature chamber 11 </ b> A, but it is desirable to avoid installing a filter as in the description of the first problem.

  Next, the fourth problem will be described with reference to FIGS. 33, 34, and 36. FIG.

  Although the description of FIG. 33 is the same as the description in the first problem, the hot water 38 that is a high-temperature fluid flowing through the high-temperature chamber 11A is hot spring water from the ground. A schematic view when one of the high temperature chambers 11A is taken out is shown in FIG. Moreover, the schematic of the cross section of the high temperature chamber 11A is shown in FIG. Only four thermoelectric conversion modules 13 are drawn with dotted lines on one side surface of the high-temperature chamber 11A, and the others are not shown. When hot spring water is used as the hot water 38, gas may be mixed in the inflow water 8. This may be collected together with gas at the time when hot spring water is collected from the ground, or the substance dissolved in hot spring water may appear as a gas as the static pressure of hot spring water decreases. is there. In the case where hot spring water is conveyed by a height difference, the atmosphere may leak in from a connection part in the middle of the hot spring water piping. Since the channel cross-sectional area of the high temperature chamber 11A is larger than that of the inflow channel 16, the flow velocity of the water 7 is smaller. Therefore, the gas having a density lower than that of the water 7 flows from the inflow channel 16 and then flows upward in the gravity direction. I will try. Therefore, not all the inflowing gas is pushed out from the high temperature chamber 11 </ b> A to the outflow passage 17, and a part of the gas stays on the ceiling surface as the staying gas 36.

  The water 7 heats the wall surface of the high temperature chamber 11A, and heats the heat side of the thermoelectric conversion module 13 by heat conduction from the wall surface. However, if there is a sufficient amount of the staying gas 36, the contact area between the wall surface and the water 7 is reduced, and the staying gas 36 is difficult to transfer heat, so the portion of the wall covered with the staying gas 36 is It becomes difficult to be heated. In addition, among the thermoelectric conversion modules 13, the thermoelectric conversion modules 13 (on the four shown in FIG. 36, which correspond to the upper two) arranged on the back side of the wall surface with respect to the staying gas 36 are close to them. Since the wall surface is not heated so much, the wall surface is hardly heated. The staying gas 36 increases as time passes, and the lower surface of the staying gas 36 is lowered from the solid line position to the dotted line position. Therefore, until the staying gas 36 stays to the limit amount, the temperature of the thermoelectric conversion module 13 is increased. Becomes lower over time. When the temperature on the hot side of the thermoelectric conversion module 13 becomes low, the temperature difference between the hot side and the cold side of the thermoelectric conversion module 13 becomes small, and the amount of power generation decreases. Note that the inflow of gas into the high temperature chamber 11A cannot be suppressed by installing a filter in the inflow channel 16 or the like. The staying gas 36 is not limited to air, and any substance can reach the same state.

  From the above, it is desired to take measures against each of the first to fourth problems to suppress a decrease in the amount of power generation.

  This invention is made | formed in view of the said situation, and it aims at providing the thermoelectric power generator which can suppress the fall of electric power generation amount.

A thermoelectric power generation device according to an embodiment includes a thermoelectric conversion module that generates power by a temperature difference between both surfaces, and a high temperature chamber and a low temperature chamber that are provided so as to sandwich the thermoelectric conversion module and flow fluids having different temperatures from each other, In the thermoelectric generator for circulating water to the high temperature chamber or the low temperature chamber, a fluid draining channel is provided on a bottom surface or a ceiling surface of the high temperature chamber or the low temperature chamber, and an opening / closing valve is provided on the channel, A flow control valve is provided downstream of the low temperature chamber, and the opening of the flow control valve is reduced before opening the on-off valve, and the opening of the flow control valve is returned before closing the on-off valve. characterized in that it.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to suppress a decrease in the amount of power generation.

Schematic which shows the structure of the chamber part of the thermoelectric generator of 1st Embodiment. Schematic which shows the structure of the chamber part of the thermoelectric generator of 2nd Embodiment. Schematic which shows an example of the structure which improved 1st, 2nd embodiment. Schematic which shows the structure of the chamber part of the thermoelectric generator of 3rd Embodiment. Schematic which shows the structure of the chamber part of the thermoelectric generator of 4th Embodiment. Schematic which shows the structure of the chamber part of the thermoelectric generator of 5th, 6th embodiment. Schematic which shows the structure of the chamber part of the thermoelectric generator of 7th Embodiment. Schematic which shows the structure of the chamber part of the thermoelectric generator of 8th Embodiment. Schematic which shows the structure of the chamber part of the thermoelectric generator of 9th Embodiment. Schematic which shows the structure of the chamber part of the thermoelectric generator of 10th Embodiment. Schematic which shows the structure of the chamber part of the thermoelectric generator of 11th Embodiment. Schematic which shows the structure of the chamber part of the thermoelectric generator of 12th Embodiment. Schematic which shows the structure of the chamber part of the thermoelectric generator of 13th Embodiment. Schematic which shows the structure of the chamber part of the thermoelectric generator of 14th Embodiment. Schematic which shows the structure of the chamber part of the thermoelectric generator of 15th Embodiment. Schematic which shows the structure of the chamber part of the thermoelectric generator of 16th Embodiment. Schematic which shows the structure of the chamber part of the thermoelectric generator of 17th, 18th embodiment. Schematic which shows the structure of the chamber part of the thermoelectric generator of 19th Embodiment. Schematic which shows the structure of the chamber part of the thermoelectric generator of 20th Embodiment. Schematic which shows the structure of the chamber part of the thermoelectric generator of 21st Embodiment. Schematic which shows the structure of the chamber part of the thermoelectric power generator of 22nd Embodiment. Schematic which shows the structure of the chamber part of the thermoelectric generator of 23rd Embodiment. Schematic which shows the structure of the chamber part of the thermoelectric generator of 24th Embodiment. Schematic which shows the structure of the chamber part of the thermoelectric generator of 25th Embodiment. Schematic which shows the structure of the chamber part of the thermoelectric generator of 26th Embodiment. The conceptual diagram which shows schematic structure of the conventional thermoelectric power generation system. The figure which shows an example of arrangement | positioning of the conventional thermoelectric conversion module. The figure which shows the cross-sectional shape of the conventional thermoelectric conversion module. The figure which shows the conventional chamber structure. The perspective view which shows the whole structure of the conventional thermoelectric generator. The figure which shows a structure when the conventional thermoelectric generator is seen horizontally from the direction perpendicular | vertical to the flow direction of a thermal fluid. The figure which shows a structure when the conventional thermoelectric generator is seen from the upper side. Schematic which shows the arrangement | sequence of the chamber part of the conventional thermoelectric power generation system. Schematic of a conventional cryogenic chamber. Schematic which shows the 1st subject of a prior art. Schematic which shows the 2nd subject of a prior art.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

<First Embodiment>
A first embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. Here, the same elements as those of the prior art having the problem 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted. Only the parts different from the prior art having the problem 1 will be described below.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a configuration of a chamber portion of a thermoelectric generator 1 according to the first embodiment.

  First, a case where the water 7 is spring water will be described.

  An outflow channel 17 is provided on the bottom surface of the low temperature chamber 11 </ b> B so that the water 7 flows out from the outflow channel 17. In this way, since the solid matter contained in the water 7 flows out from the outflow passage 17 together with the outflow water 9, the deposit 24 does not accumulate or is sufficiently reduced, and the wall surface of the low temperature chamber 11B is sufficiently cooled. Thus, the cold side of the thermoelectric conversion module 13 is sufficiently cooled. And the temperature difference of the warm side and the cold side of the thermoelectric conversion module 13 becomes large, and the fall of electric power generation is suppressed.

  In the above description, the water 7 is spring water. Next, the case where the water 7 is hot spring water will be described.

  An outflow channel 17 is provided on the bottom surface of the high temperature chamber 11 </ b> A so that the water 7 flows out of the outflow channel 17. If it does in this way, even if the problem 3 will occur conventionally, the hot side of the thermoelectric conversion module 13 will be heated sufficiently, and the reduction in the amount of power generation will be suppressed.

<Second Embodiment>
A second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. Here, the same elements as those in the prior art having the problem 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted. Only the parts different from the prior art having the problem 2 will be described below.

  FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a configuration of a chamber portion of the thermoelectric generator 1 according to the second embodiment.

  First, a case where the water 7 is spring water will be described.

  An outflow channel 17 is provided on the ceiling surface of the low temperature chamber 11 </ b> B so that the water 7 flows out of the outflow channel 17. In this way, since the gas contained in the water 7 flows out from the outflow passage 17 together with the outflow water 9, the gas does not stay and the wall surface of the low temperature chamber 11B is sufficiently cooled, and the thermoelectric conversion module. The cold side of 13 is sufficiently cooled. And the temperature difference of the warm side and the cold side of the thermoelectric conversion module 13 becomes large, and the fall of electric power generation is suppressed.

  In the above description, the water 7 is spring water. Next, the case where the water 7 is hot spring water will be described.

  An outflow channel 17 is provided on the ceiling surface of the high temperature chamber 11 </ b> A so that the water 7 flows out of the outflow channel 17. If it does in this way, even if the problem 4 will occur conventionally, the warm side of the thermoelectric conversion module 13 will be heated sufficiently, and the reduction in the amount of power generation will be suppressed.

<Third Embodiment>
A third embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. Here, the same elements as those of the prior art having the problem 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted. Only the parts different from the prior art having the problem 1 will be described below.

  FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a configuration obtained by improving the first and second embodiments. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the chamber portion of the thermoelectric generator 1 of the third embodiment.

  First, a case where the water 7 is spring water in the first embodiment will be described.

  The water 7 circulates due to the difference in height, but the generation state of the spring water is fluctuating, and there is little generation of the spring water, and the water intake position from the spring water reservoir may be below the water surface. In this case, not the inflowing water 8 but air flows from the inflow channel 16, and the low temperature chamber 11 </ b> B is not filled with the water 7, so that the whole or a sufficient volume becomes air. Therefore, the wall surface of the low temperature chamber 11B is not cooled at all or sufficiently, and the cold side of the thermoelectric conversion module 13 is not cooled at all or sufficiently. Then, the temperature difference between the hot and cold sides of the thermoelectric conversion module 13 is reduced, and the amount of power generation is drastically reduced. Moreover, even if the generation of spring water is recovered, the air that has entered the low temperature chamber 11B does not escape naturally.

  In the above description, the water 7 in the first embodiment is assumed to be spring water. Next, a case where the water 7 is hot spring water will be described.

  In the first embodiment, the water 7 is circulated due to the difference in elevation, but the generation condition of the hot spring water is fluctuating, the generation of the hot spring water is small, and the intake position from the hot spring water reservoir is below the water surface. Sometimes. In this case, not the inflowing water 8 but air flows from the inflow channel 16, and the high temperature chamber 11 </ b> A is not filled with the water 7, so that the whole or a sufficient volume becomes air. Therefore, the wall surface of the high temperature chamber 11A is not heated at all or sufficiently, and the hot side of the thermoelectric conversion module 13 is not heated at all or sufficiently. Then, the temperature difference between the hot and cold sides of the thermoelectric conversion module 13 is reduced, and the amount of power generation is drastically reduced. Moreover, even if the generation of hot spring water recovers, the air that has entered the high temperature chamber 11A does not escape naturally.

  Furthermore, even if the water 7 of the first embodiment is either spring water or hot spring water, if the outflow channel 9 is on the bottom surface, when the water 7 becomes the outflow water 9, the flow is bent like a bent water flow 64 Therefore, in the vicinity of some of the thermoelectric conversion modules 13 (the one located at the upper left in FIG. 1), the water 7 is stagnant and the heat transfer rate is low and the heat transfer amount is small. Therefore, the cold side of the thermoelectric conversion module 13 is not sufficiently cooled, and the power generation amount is reduced.

  Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, after the outlet channel 17 is bent as shown in FIG. 35 of the prior art and once bent upward, it reaches a position higher than the low temperature chamber 11B or the water 7 inside the high temperature chamber 11A. If bent downward, even if the amount of spring water or hot spring water is reduced, the inside of the low temperature chamber 11B or the high temperature chamber 11A continues to be filled with water 7, and no air flows in. In addition, there is no curved water flow 64 that causes large stagnation. However, although the problem which 1st Embodiment has is solved, the problems 1 and 3 cannot be solved.

  Therefore, in the third embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, the bottom surface extraction channel 18 is provided on the bottom surface of the low temperature chamber 11B in the prior art (FIG. 35), and the open / close valve 19 is provided in the bottom surface extraction channel 18. In principle, the thermoelectric generator 1 fully closes the on-off valve 19. When the inflow water 8 flows into the low temperature chamber 11B regardless of whether the thermoelectric generator 1 is in operation or not, the on-off valve 19 is opened, and the deposit 24 is discharged from the bottom surface extraction channel 18 as a bottom surface extraction material 39. .

  The first and second criteria for performing the opening / closing operation of the opening / closing valve 19 will be described. According to the first criterion, the on-off valve 19 is repeatedly opened after the first predetermined time has elapsed and closed after the second predetermined time has elapsed. At this time, the first predetermined time is a time required for the deposit 24 to be sufficiently deposited, and the second predetermined time is a time for the deposit 24 to be sufficiently discharged. The time value is determined by looking. Next, the second standard will be described. According to the second criterion, the on-off valve 19 is opened when the power generation output of the thermoelectric generator 1 is lower than the first predetermined value, and is closed when it is higher than the second predetermined value. The first and second predetermined values are determined in advance by trial.

  As a result, when the deposit 24 is completely or sufficiently discharged, the wall surface of the low temperature chamber 11B is sufficiently cooled, and the cold side of the thermoelectric conversion module 13 is sufficiently cooled. And the temperature difference of the warm side and the cold side of the thermoelectric conversion module 13 becomes large, and the fall of electric power generation is suppressed.

  Further, the opening / closing operation of the opening / closing valve 19 can be determined based on the first and second criteria. Further, this opening / closing operation may be performed by an automatic control device (not shown). Although manual operation by humans is frequently labor intensive, it is labor-saving by automation.

  In the above description, the water 7 is spring water. Next, the case where the water 7 is hot spring water will be described.

  A bottom surface extraction channel 18 is provided on the bottom surface of the high temperature chamber 11A in the prior art, and an open / close valve 19 is provided in the bottom surface extraction channel 18. In principle, the thermoelectric generator 1 fully closes the on-off valve 19. When the inflow water 8 flows into the high temperature chamber 11A regardless of whether the thermoelectric generator 1 is in operation or not, the on-off valve 19 is opened, and the deposit 24 is caused to flow out from the bottom extraction channel 18 as a bottom extraction 39. . In this case, the first and second criteria for performing the opening / closing operation of the opening / closing valve 19 are the same as described above. As a result, when all or a sufficiently large amount of the deposit 24 is discharged, the wall surface of the high temperature chamber 11A is sufficiently heated, and the hot side of the thermoelectric conversion module 13 is sufficiently heated. And the temperature difference of the warm side and the cold side of the thermoelectric conversion module 13 becomes large, and the fall of electric power generation is suppressed.

  Compared with the first embodiment, even if the amount of spring water or hot spring water is reduced, the inside of the low temperature chamber 11B or the high temperature chamber 11A is continuously filled with the water 7, and the atmosphere does not flow in, and there is a large stagnation. Since there is no curved water flow 64 that would occur, the amount of power generation does not decrease. Although the effluent 9 is used at the water use destination 48, since there is a sufficient pressure loss in the water use destination 48 and the flow path of the effluent 9 up to the water use destination 48, the earth and sand in the first embodiment or There is a sufficient pressure loss in the flow path through which the hot water flows. In comparison, the flow path of the bottom surface extract 39 in the first embodiment is, in principle, discharged to the outside, so that the pressure loss is small and the flow rate can be increased, and the deposit 24 is easily discharged.

  Further, whether the water 7 is spring water or hot spring water, the opening / closing operation of the opening / closing valve 19 can be determined based on the first and second criteria. Further, this opening / closing operation may be performed by an automatic control device (not shown). Although manual operation by humans is frequently labor intensive, it is labor-saving by automation.

<Fourth Embodiment>
A fourth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. Here, the same elements as those in the third embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted. Only the parts different from the third embodiment will be described below.

  FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the chamber portion of the thermoelectric generator 1 of the fourth embodiment.

  In the first embodiment, when the on-off valve 19 is opened, the bottom surface extract 39 is allowed to flow out to the outside. However, the flow rate is sufficiently small and the deposit 24 may not be easily discharged. Therefore, a flow rate control valve 37 is installed in the outflow passage 17, and the opening degree of the flow rate control valve 37 is reduced before opening the on-off valve 19, and the opening degree of the flow rate adjusting valve 37 is set before closing the on-off valve 19. return. The opening degree of the flow rate control valve 37 may be reduced to a fully closed state.

  When the on-off valve 19 is open, the flow rate of the effluent water 17 decreases because the opening of the flow rate control valve 37 is small, but the flow rate of the bottom surface extract 39 increases and the bottom surface extract 39 tends to flow out.

  Furthermore, the opening degree of the flow rate adjusting valve 37 may be adjusted by an automatic control device (not shown). Although manual operation by humans is frequently labor intensive, it is labor-saving by automation.

<Fifth Embodiment>
A fifth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. Here, the same elements as those in the third embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted. Only the parts different from the third embodiment will be described below.

  FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating a configuration of a chamber portion of the thermoelectric generator 1 according to the fifth embodiment.

  Water 7 is spring water. The first temperature sensor 25 is installed on the side surface of the low temperature chamber 11B, and the surface temperature of the low temperature chamber 11B at the installed position is measured. The first temperature sensor 25 is, for example, a thermocouple, and is installed at a position where it does not interfere with the thermoelectric conversion module 13. A dotted line in FIG. 6 is a cable in which one set of signal lines of the first temperature sensor 25 is bundled, and is taken out from the low temperature chamber 11B so as not to interfere with the thermoelectric conversion module 13. As shown in FIG. 6, when the deposit 24 exists near the position behind the wall surface at the position where the first temperature sensor 25 is installed, the wall surface in the vicinity is difficult to be cooled. The measured temperature value increases. Even if the deposit 24 does not exist in the vicinity, the measured temperature value of the first temperature sensor 25 increases as the deposit 24 increases.

  Now, when the inflowing water 8 flows into the low temperature chamber 11B regardless of whether the thermoelectric generator 1 is in operation or not, the on-off valve 19 is opened, and the deposit 24 is used as the bottom extract 39 from the bottom extract flow path 18. Spill. In this case, unlike the third embodiment, the third and fourth criteria for performing the opening / closing operation of the on-off valve 19 are provided as follows. According to the third criterion, the on-off valve 19 is opened when the temperature value measured by the first temperature sensor 25 is higher than the first predetermined temperature, and is closed after the second predetermined time has elapsed. According to the fourth criterion, the on-off valve 19 is opened when the temperature value measured by the first temperature sensor 25 is higher than the first predetermined temperature, and is closed when the temperature value is lower than the second predetermined temperature. The first and second predetermined temperatures are determined by trying in advance. In FIG. 6, one temperature sensor is provided, but any number of temperature sensors may be installed. When a plurality of temperature sensors are installed, a predetermined number is determined in advance, and the measured values and the first and second predetermined temperatures are compared and applied to the third and fourth standards for a predetermined number or more of temperature sensors.

  As a result, when the deposit 24 is completely or sufficiently discharged, the wall surface of the low temperature chamber 11B is sufficiently cooled, and the cold side of the thermoelectric conversion module 13 is sufficiently cooled. And the temperature difference of the warm side and the cold side of the thermoelectric conversion module 13 becomes large, and the fall of electric power generation is suppressed.

  Further, the opening / closing operation of the opening / closing valve 19 can be determined based on the third and fourth criteria. Further, this opening / closing operation may be performed by an automatic control device (not shown). Although manual operation by humans is frequently labor intensive, it is labor-saving by automation.

<Sixth Embodiment>
A sixth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. Here, the same elements as those in the fifth embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted. Only parts different from the fifth embodiment will be described below.

  FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating the configuration of the chamber portion of the thermoelectric generator 1 of the sixth embodiment.

  Water 7 is hot spring water. The first temperature sensor 25 is installed on the side surface of the high temperature chamber 11A, and the surface temperature of the high temperature chamber 11A at the installed position is measured. The first temperature sensor 25 is, for example, a thermocouple, and is installed at a position where it does not interfere with the thermoelectric conversion module 13. A dotted line in FIG. 6 is a cable in which one set of signal lines of the first temperature sensor 25 is bundled, and is taken out from the high temperature chamber 11A so as not to interfere with the thermoelectric conversion module 13. As shown in FIG. 6, when the deposit 24 exists near the position behind the wall surface at the position where the first temperature sensor 25 is installed, the wall surface in the vicinity is difficult to be heated. The measured temperature value becomes low. Even if the deposit 24 does not exist in the vicinity, the measured temperature value of the first temperature sensor 25 decreases as the deposit 24 increases.

  Now, when the inflowing water 8 flows into the high temperature chamber 11A regardless of whether the thermoelectric generator 1 is operating or stopped, the on-off valve 19 is opened, and the deposit 24 is used as the bottom extract 39 from the bottom extract flow path 18. Spill. In this case, unlike the fourth and fifth embodiments, the fifth and sixth criteria for performing the opening / closing operation of the on-off valve 19 are provided as follows. According to the fifth criterion, the on-off valve 19 is opened when the temperature value measured by the first temperature sensor 25 becomes lower than the first predetermined temperature, and is closed after the second predetermined time has elapsed. According to the sixth standard, the on-off valve 19 is opened when the temperature value measured by the first temperature sensor 25 is lower than the first predetermined temperature, and is closed when the temperature value is higher than the second predetermined temperature. The first and second predetermined temperatures are determined by trying in advance. In FIG. 6, one temperature sensor is provided, but any number of temperature sensors may be installed. When a plurality of temperature sensors are installed, a predetermined number is determined in advance, and the measured values and the first and second predetermined temperatures are compared and applied to the fifth and sixth standards for a predetermined number or more of temperature sensors.

  As a result, when all or a sufficiently large amount of the deposit 24 is discharged, the wall surface of the high temperature chamber 11A is sufficiently heated, and the hot side of the thermoelectric conversion module 13 is sufficiently cooled. And the temperature difference of the warm side and the cold side of the thermoelectric conversion module 13 becomes large, and the fall of electric power generation is suppressed.

  Further, the opening / closing operation of the opening / closing valve 19 can be determined based on the fifth and sixth criteria. Further, this opening / closing operation may be performed by an automatic control device (not shown). Although manual operation by humans is frequently labor intensive, it is labor-saving by automation.

<Seventh Embodiment>
A seventh embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. Here, the same elements as those in the third to sixth embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted. Hereinafter, only parts different from the third to sixth embodiments will be described.

  FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the chamber portion of the thermoelectric generator 1 of the seventh embodiment.

  First, a case where the water 7 is spring water will be described.

  In order to measure the surface temperature at different heights on the side surface of the low temperature chamber 11B, the first temperature sensor 25 and the second temperature sensor 26 are installed on the lower side and the upper side, respectively. The surface temperature of the low temperature chamber 11B at the measured position is measured. The positions of the first temperature sensor 25 and the second temperature sensor 26 in the longitudinal direction of the low temperature chamber 11B are preferably the same as shown in FIG. 7, but in the inflow channel 16 at the surface temperature of the low temperature chamber 11B. Compared to the temperature difference between the near side and the side near the outflow channel 17, the temperature difference due to the influence of the deposit 24 is sufficiently large, so it is not necessary to be the same. The first temperature sensor 25 and the second temperature sensor 26 are thermocouples, for example, and are installed at positions that do not interfere with the thermoelectric conversion module 13. Two dotted lines in FIG. 3 are cables in which one set of signal lines of the first temperature sensor 25 and one set of signal lines of the second temperature sensor 26 are bundled, and the temperature is low so as not to interfere with the thermoelectric conversion module 13. The outside is taken out from the chamber 11B. As shown in FIG. 7, when the deposit 24 exists near the position behind the wall surface at the position where the first temperature sensor 25 is installed, the wall surface in the vicinity thereof is difficult to be cooled. The measured temperature value increases. Even if the deposit 24 does not exist in the vicinity, the measured temperature value of the first temperature sensor 25 increases as the deposit 24 increases. On the other hand, since the temperature of the place where the second temperature sensor 26 is installed is not easily affected by the deposit 24, the measured temperature value does not change or increases only slightly. Therefore, the difference in temperature measured by the first temperature sensor 25 and the second temperature sensor 26 increases.

  Now, when the inflowing water 8 flows into the low temperature chamber 11B regardless of whether the thermoelectric generator 1 is in operation or not, the on-off valve 19 is opened, and the deposit 24 is used as the bottom extract 39 from the bottom extract flow path 18. Spill. In this case, unlike the third to sixth embodiments, the seventh and eighth criteria for performing the opening / closing operation of the opening / closing valve 19 are provided as follows. According to the seventh standard, the on-off valve 19 is opened when the difference between the temperature values measured by the first temperature sensor 25 and the second temperature sensor 26 is larger than the first predetermined temperature difference, and the second predetermined time is reached. Close after elapse. According to the eighth criterion, the on-off valve 19 is opened when the difference between the temperature values measured by the first temperature sensor 25 and the second temperature sensor 26 is greater than the first predetermined temperature difference, and the second predetermined temperature is reached. Close when the difference is smaller. The first and second predetermined temperature differences are determined by trying in advance.

  As a result, when the deposit 24 is completely or sufficiently discharged, the wall surface of the low temperature chamber 11B is sufficiently cooled, and the cold side of the thermoelectric conversion module 13 is sufficiently cooled. And the temperature difference of the warm side and the cold side of the thermoelectric conversion module 13 becomes large, and the fall of electric power generation is suppressed.

  In the above description, the water 7 is spring water. Next, the case where the water 7 is hot spring water will be described.

  In order to measure the surface temperature at different heights in the vertical direction on the side surface of the high temperature chamber 11A, the first temperature sensor 25 and the second temperature sensor 26 are respectively installed on the lower side and the upper side. When the inflowing water 8 flows into the low temperature chamber 11B, the on-off valve 19 is opened, and the deposit 24 flows out from the bottom surface extraction flow path 18 as a bottom surface extraction material 39. In this case, the opening / closing operation of the opening / closing valve 19 is performed based on the seventh and eighth criteria. As a result, when all or a sufficiently large amount of the deposit 24 is discharged, the wall surface of the high temperature chamber 11A is sufficiently heated, and the hot side of the thermoelectric conversion module 13 is sufficiently heated. And the temperature difference of the warm side and the cold side of the thermoelectric conversion module 13 becomes large, and the fall of electric power generation is suppressed.

  Whether the water 7 is spring water or hot spring water, the opening / closing operation of the opening / closing valve 19 can be determined based on the seventh and eighth criteria. Further, this opening / closing operation may be performed by an automatic control device (not shown). Although manual operation by humans is frequently labor intensive, it is labor-saving by automation.

<Eighth Embodiment>
An eighth embodiment different from the seventh embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. Here, the same reference numerals are given to the same elements as those in the third to seventh embodiments, and duplicate descriptions are omitted. Only the portions different from the third to seventh embodiments will be described below.

  FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the chamber portion of the thermoelectric generator 1 of the eighth embodiment.

  First, a case where the water 7 is spring water will be described.

  In order to measure the surface temperature at different heights in the vertical direction on the side surface of the low temperature chamber 11B, the first temperature sensor 25 and the third temperature sensor 27 are placed downward, and the second temperature sensor 26 is raised. The surface temperature of the low temperature chamber 11B at the installed position is measured. The first temperature sensor 25, the second temperature sensor 26, and the third temperature sensor 27 are thermocouples, for example, and are installed at positions that do not interfere with the thermoelectric conversion module 13. The three dotted lines in FIG. 8 are cables in which one set of signal lines of the first temperature sensor 25, one set of signal lines of the second temperature sensor 26, and one set of signal lines of the third temperature sensor 27 are bundled. Yes, it is taken out from the low temperature chamber 11B so as not to interfere with the thermoelectric conversion module 13. As shown in FIG. 8, when the deposit 24 exists near the position behind the wall surface at the position where the first temperature sensor 25 is installed, the wall surface in the vicinity thereof is difficult to be cooled. The measured temperature value increases. Even if the deposit 24 does not exist in the vicinity, the measured temperature value of the first temperature sensor 25 increases as the deposit 24 increases. On the other hand, since the temperature of the place where the second temperature sensor 26 is installed is not easily affected by the deposit 24, the measured temperature value does not change or increases only slightly. Therefore, the difference in temperature measured by the first temperature sensor 25 and the second temperature sensor 26 increases.

  Even if the position of the 1st temperature sensor 25 is the same height, the 3rd temperature sensor 27 has distribution in the deposition height of the deposit 24 like FIG. 8, and the deposit 24 is 1st temperature. If it is near the sensor 25 but not near the third temperature sensor 27, does the measured temperature value of the third temperature sensor 27 not increase even if the measured temperature value of the first temperature sensor 25 increases? Only a little expensive. Therefore, the difference between the temperatures measured by the first temperature sensor 25 and the third temperature sensor 27 does not increase or only slightly increases. If the deposition height distribution of the deposit 24 is not as shown in FIG. 8 and the deposit 24 is near the third temperature sensor 27 but not near the first temperature sensor 25, the third Even if the measured temperature value of the temperature sensor 27 increases, the measured temperature value of the first temperature sensor 25 does not increase or only slightly increases. Since the positions of the first temperature sensor 25 and the third temperature sensor 27 in the longitudinal direction of the low temperature chamber 11B are different as shown in FIG. 8, the positions near the inflow channel 16 at the surface temperature of the low temperature chamber 11B are different. Although a temperature difference on the side close to the outflow channel 17 appears, the temperature difference due to the influence of the deposit 24 is sufficiently larger than that.

  Now, when the inflowing water 8 flows into the low temperature chamber 11B regardless of whether the thermoelectric generator 1 is in operation or not, the on-off valve 19 is opened, and the deposit 24 is used as the bottom extract 39 from the bottom extract flow path 18. Spill. In this case, unlike the third to seventh embodiments, the ninth and tenth criteria for performing the opening / closing operation of the on-off valve 19 are provided as follows. In the ninth standard, the opening / closing valve 19 is measured by the first temperature sensor 25 and the second temperature sensor 26, and the third temperature sensor 27 and the second temperature sensor 26 are measured. When at least one of the temperature value differences becomes larger than the first predetermined temperature difference, the temperature value is opened, and after the second predetermined time has elapsed, the temperature value is closed. In the tenth standard, the difference between the temperature values measured by the first temperature sensor 25 and the second temperature sensor 26 and the difference between the temperature values measured by the third temperature sensor 27 and the second temperature sensor 26, respectively. When at least one of them becomes larger than the first predetermined temperature difference, it opens, and when it becomes smaller than the second predetermined temperature difference, it closes. The first and second predetermined temperature differences are determined by trying in advance. In FIG. 8, two and one temperature sensors are installed on the lower side and the upper side, respectively, but any number of temperature sensors may be installed. When there are multiple installations, there are many combinations of the measured values of the temperature sensor installed on the upper side and the measured values of the temperature sensor installed on the lower side. The ninth and tenth criteria are applied by comparing the first and second predetermined temperatures with combinations equal to or greater than the predetermined number of combinations.

  As a result, when the deposit 24 is completely or sufficiently discharged, the wall surface of the low temperature chamber 11B is sufficiently cooled, and the cold side of the thermoelectric conversion module 13 is sufficiently cooled. And the temperature difference of the warm side and the cold side of the thermoelectric conversion module 13 becomes large, and the fall of electric power generation is suppressed.

  In the above description, the water 7 is spring water. Next, the case where the water 7 is hot spring water will be described.

  The same configuration is applied to the high temperature chamber 11A, and the ninth and tenth criteria are applied. As a result, the temperature difference between the hot and cold sides of the thermoelectric conversion module 13 is increased, and a reduction in the amount of power generation is suppressed.

  Whether the water 7 is spring water or hot spring water, the opening / closing operation of the opening / closing valve 19 can be determined based on the ninth and tenth criteria. Further, this opening / closing operation may be performed by an automatic control device (not shown). Although manual operation by humans is frequently labor intensive, it is labor-saving by automation.

<Ninth Embodiment>
A ninth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. Here, the same elements as those in the third embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted. Only the parts different from the third embodiment will be described below.

  FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the chamber portion of the thermoelectric generator 1 of the ninth embodiment.

  When the on-off valve 19 is opened, a channel 28 with a transparent portion is provided so that the bottom surface extract 39 flowing out through the bottom surface extraction channel 18 can be visually observed. In FIG. 9, the channel 28 with a transparent portion is located downstream from the on-off valve 19, but may be located upstream. The bottom extract 39 that flows out when the on-off valve 19 is opened is a mixture of the water 7 and the deposit 24. However, when the deposit 24 is sufficiently discharged, the deposit 24 is not discharged any more. Only the water 7 is discharged. In the third to eighth embodiments, the on-off valve 19 may be closed even while it is still being discharged, but unlike that, the eleventh standard for performing the on-off operation of the on-off valve 19 is as follows. Provide as follows. The criterion for opening the on-off valve 19 is any one of the first to tenth criteria, and the criterion for closing is to close the on-off valve 19 when it is visually observed that the deposit 24 is not mixed in the bottom surface extract 39.

  As a result, when all or a sufficient amount of the deposit 24 is discharged, when the water 7 is spring water, the wall surface of the low temperature chamber 11B is sufficiently cooled, and the cold side of the thermoelectric conversion module 13 is sufficient. When the water 7 is hot spring water, the wall surface of the high temperature chamber 11A is sufficiently heated, and the hot side of the thermoelectric conversion module 13 is sufficiently heated. And the temperature difference of the warm side and the cold side of the thermoelectric conversion module 13 becomes large, and the fall of electric power generation is suppressed.

  Further, whether the water 7 is spring water or hot spring water, the on-off valve 19 can be opened / closed so that the deposit 24 can be discharged in accordance with the eleventh standard.

<Tenth Embodiment>
A tenth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. Here, the same elements as those in the third embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted. Only the parts different from the third embodiment will be described below.

  FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the chamber portion of the thermoelectric generator 1 of the tenth embodiment.

  The water 7 may be either spring water or hot spring water. When the second on-off valve 46 is opened, the second bottom surface extraction 47 flows out when the second on-off valve 46 is opened separately from the bottom surface extraction flow path 18 through which the bottom surface extraction material 39 flows out when the on-off valve 19 is opened. A flow path 45 is provided. At this time, with respect to the flow of water 7, a bottom extraction channel 18 is provided on the downstream side of the bottom surface, and a second bottom extraction channel 45 is provided on the upstream side.

  The bottom surface extract 39 that flows out when the on-off valve 19 is opened in the third embodiment is a mixture of the water 7 and the deposit 24. However, when the deposit 24 is sufficiently discharged, the deposit 24 is removed. No more water is discharged and only water 7 is discharged. At this time, depending on the property of the deposit 24 and the flow state of the water 7, the deposit 24 may remain sufficiently without being discharged at a location far from the bottom surface extraction channel 18. Compared with the state immediately before opening the on-off valve 19, the amount of power generation is increased, but compared with the state where no deposit 24 is deposited, the amount of power generation is small due to the presence of the remaining deposit 24. Even in the first embodiment, the deposit 24 may remain sufficiently without being discharged at a location far from the outflow channel 17, and the amount of power generation is small due to the presence of the remaining deposit 24.

  Therefore, in the tenth embodiment, after the opening / closing valve 19 is opened and the bottom surface extract 39 is sufficiently discharged and the deposit 24 is in the state as shown in FIG. 10, the opening / closing valve 19 is closed and the second opening / closing valve is closed. Open 46. Alternatively, the on-off valve 19 and the second on-off valve 46 are opened simultaneously. As a result, all or a sufficiently large amount of deposit 24 accumulated at a location far from the on-off valve 19 is discharged. When the water 7 is spring water, the wall surface of the low temperature chamber 11B is sufficiently cooled, the cold side of the thermoelectric conversion module 13 is sufficiently cooled, and when the water 7 is hot spring water, The wall surface of the high temperature chamber 11A is sufficiently heated, and the warm side of the thermoelectric conversion module 13 is sufficiently heated. And the temperature difference of the warm side and the cold side of the thermoelectric conversion module 13 becomes large, and the fall of electric power generation is suppressed.

  In FIG. 10, the channel having the function of the bottom extraction channel is provided at two locations, but may be three or more locations. The technique of the tenth embodiment may be implemented in combination with the techniques of the third to ninth embodiments. In this case, the reference | standard which implements the opening / closing operation | movement of the on-off valve provided in the said flow path provided at two places shall be either said 1st-11th reference | standard. When a plurality of on-off valves are not opened simultaneously, the on-off valves are opened one by one in order. In addition, when only one open / close valve is opened at the same time, the flow rate of the bottom-extracted material is larger, and therefore the deposit 24 is more likely to flow out. The bottom surface extract here is the bottom surface extract 39 when only the on-off valve 19 is opened, and the second bottom surface extract 47 when only the second on-off valve 46 is opened.

<Eleventh embodiment>
The eleventh embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. Here, the same reference numerals are given to the same elements as those in the eighth and eleventh embodiments, and redundant description is omitted. Only the parts different from the eighth and eleventh embodiments will be described below.

  FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the chamber portion of the thermoelectric generator 1 of the eleventh embodiment.

  The water 7 may be either spring water or hot spring water. In the eleventh embodiment, the technique of the eighth embodiment is combined with the technique of the tenth embodiment. Thereby, the effects of both the eighth embodiment and the tenth embodiment can be obtained. In FIG. 11, the bottom surface extraction channels are provided at two locations, but may be three or more locations. The technique of the eleventh embodiment may be implemented in combination with the techniques of the third to ninth embodiments.

<Twelfth Embodiment>
A twelfth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. Here, the same elements as those in the third embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted. Only the parts different from the third embodiment will be described below.

  FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the chamber portion of the thermoelectric generator 1 of the twelfth embodiment.

  Spring water from the ground is used for washing, cooling, plant use, and the like. Naturally, if the inflow water 8 is spring water, the outflow water 9 remains in the composition of the spring water and can be used similarly. Hot spring water is used for bathing, washing, heating, and the like. Naturally, if the inflow water 8 is hot spring water, the outflow water 9 remains in the composition of the hot spring water and can be used similarly. Since the bottom surface extract 39 is a mixture of water 7 and sediment 24, if the bottom surface extract 39 is discarded in a river or the like, the total amount of effluent 9 that can be used is reduced by the amount of water 7 contained in the bottom surface extract 39. End up. Therefore, in the twelfth embodiment, when the bottom extraction channel 18 is connected to the outflow channel 17 and the on-off valve 19 is opened, the bottom extract 39 that flows out through the bottom extraction channel 18 is converted into the outflow channel. 17 is merged with the effluent water 9 at a merging point 29, thereby forming a merging water 30. The junction 29 may be a low temperature discharge header 42B if the water 7 is spring water, or a high temperature discharge header 42A if the water 7 is hot spring water.

  Thus, the water 7 contained in the bottom surface extract 24 can be used in the same manner as the effluent water 9 by being merged with the merged water 30. The technique of the twelfth embodiment may be implemented in combination with the techniques of the third to eleventh embodiments.

<13th Embodiment>
A thirteenth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. Here, the same reference numerals are given to the same elements as those in the third and twelfth embodiments, and duplicate descriptions are omitted. Only the portions different from the third and twelfth embodiments will be described below.

  FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the chamber portion of the thermoelectric generator 1 of the thirteenth embodiment.

  The flow path of the bottom surface extract 39 in the third embodiment is, in principle, discharged to the outside, so that the pressure loss is small and the flow rate can be increased, and the deposit 24 is easily discharged. In the twelfth embodiment, the bottom surface Since the extracted material 39 is used as the combined water 30 combined with the effluent water 9 at the water usage destination 48, there is a sufficient pressure loss until reaching the water usage destination 48, so that it is more difficult to discharge. Therefore, in the sixth embodiment, in the outflow channel 17, the flow rate control valve 37 is provided upstream from the junction point 29, and the opening degree of the flow rate control valve 37 is reduced before the on-off valve 19 is opened. Before closing, the opening degree of the flow control valve 37 is returned.

  When the opening degree of the flow control valve 17 is small, the effluent 9 is less likely to flow out, but the bottom surface extract 39 is likely to flow out, and the deposit 24 is likely to be discharged.

  Furthermore, the opening degree of the flow rate adjusting valve 37 may be adjusted by an automatic control device (not shown). Although manual operation by humans is frequently labor intensive, it is labor-saving by automation.

<Fourteenth embodiment>
A fourteenth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. Here, the same elements as those in the third, twelfth, and thirteenth embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted. Only the parts different from the third, twelfth and thirteenth embodiments will be described below.

  FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the chamber portion of the thermoelectric generator 1 of the fourteenth embodiment.

  The bottom surface extraction channel 18 is connected to the ceiling surface of the tank 54, and allows the bottom surface extraction material 39 to flow into the tank 54. When another chamber bottom surface extraction channel 52 is installed on the bottom surface of another chamber, the other chamber bottom surface extraction channel 52 is also connected to the ceiling surface of the tank 54, and the other chamber bottom surface extraction material 53 flowing therethrough It flows into the tank 54. However, the outflow water 9 and the separate chamber outflow water 50 must be either spring water or both must be hot spring water. Any number of separate chamber bottom surface extraction channels 52 may be provided, and separate chamber opening / closing valves 67 are provided. Further, a tank outlet channel 66 is installed on the ceiling surface of the tank 54 at a location sufficiently away from the bottom surface extraction channel 18 and the other chamber bottom surface extraction channel 52, and a third on-off valve 56 is provided in the channel. Install. When at least one of the on-off valve 19 and zero or more of the other chamber on-off valves 67 is open, the third on-off valve 56 is opened, and the inside of the bottom surface extract 39 and the separate chamber bottom surface extract 53, the flow path Things that are open flow into the tank 54. When the fluid is flowing through the tank 54, the tank 54 has a large volume and the flow velocity becomes small. Therefore, the solid matter contained in the bottom surface extract 39 and the separate bottom surface extract 53 is settled, and the bottom of the tank 54 And the second deposit 55 is formed. Most of the inflowing material except the second deposit 55 flows out from the tank outflow passage 66 as the tank outflow water 51. Then, the tank outflow channel 66 is connected to the outflow channel 17, and the tank outflow water 51 is merged with the outflow water 9 at the confluence point 29 in the outflow channel 17 to form the merged water 30. At this time, the separate chamber outflow channel 49 may be connected to the outflow channel 17, and the separate chamber outflow water 50 may be merged at the merge point 29. The junction 29 may be a low temperature discharge header 42B if the water 7 is spring water, or a high temperature discharge header 42A if the water 7 is hot spring water. The third on-off valve 56 is closed when all of the on-off valves 19 and zero or more separate chamber on-off valves 67 are closed. At this time, since the fluid in the tank 54 does not flow, the solid contained in the fluid settles by gravity and settles at the bottom of the tank 54 to become the second deposit 55. When the second deposit 55 is sufficiently accumulated, the thermoelectric generator 1 is stopped, the tank lid 57 is opened, and the second deposit 55 is discharged to the outside by human power.

  Thereby, the solid substance contained in the combined water 30 utilized in the water utilization place 48 becomes smaller, and it becomes easy to use.

  Although the tank 54 is provided upstream from the low temperature chamber 11B and the high temperature chamber 11A, it is possible to allow the inflow water 8 to flow in after reducing the contained solid matter, but the inflow water 8 still contains solid matter and is deposited. Since the objects 24 accumulate, the first and third problems cannot be solved. In addition, it is disadvantageous from the viewpoint of utilization of cold and hot, if a solid substance having cold or hot heat is separated or a structure having a large surface area with a large heat leak is provided before inflow.

<Fifteenth embodiment>
A fifteenth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. Here, the same elements as those in the prior art having the problem 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted. Only the parts different from the prior art having the problem 2 will be described below.

  FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram illustrating a configuration of a chamber portion of the thermoelectric generator 1 according to the fifteenth embodiment.

  First, a case where the water 7 is spring water will be described.

  In the second embodiment, when the outflow channel 9 is on the ceiling surface, when the water 7 becomes the outflow water 9, the flow becomes a bent flow like a bent water flow 64, so that some of the thermoelectric conversion modules 13 (FIG. In FIG. 2, the water 7 is stagnant in the vicinity of the object located at the lower left, and the heat transfer rate is low and the heat transfer amount is small. Therefore, the hot and cold side of the thermoelectric conversion module 13 is not sufficiently heated, and the power generation amount is reduced.

  Therefore, in the fifteenth embodiment, as shown in FIG. 15, the ceiling extraction flow path 35 is provided on the ceiling surface of the low temperature chamber 11 </ b> B in the prior art, and the opening / closing valve 19 is provided in the ceiling extraction flow path 35. In principle, the thermoelectric generator 1 fully closes the on-off valve 19. Regardless of whether the thermoelectric generator 1 is in operation or not, when the inflow water 8 flows into the low temperature chamber 11B, the on-off valve 19 is opened, and the staying gas 36 flows out from the ceiling extraction flow path 35 as a ceiling extract 40. .

  The first and second criteria for performing the opening / closing operation of the opening / closing valve 19 will be described. According to the first criterion, the on-off valve 19 is repeatedly opened after the first predetermined time has elapsed and closed after the second predetermined time has elapsed. At this time, the first predetermined time is a time required for the staying gas 36 to sufficiently stay, and the second predetermined time is a time for the staying gas 36 to be sufficiently discharged. The time value is determined by looking. Next, the second standard will be described. According to the second criterion, the on-off valve 19 is opened when the power generation output of the thermoelectric generator 1 is lower than the first predetermined value, and is closed when it is higher than the second predetermined value. The first and second predetermined values are determined in advance by trial.

  As a result, when all or a sufficiently large amount of the staying gas 36 is discharged, the wall surface of the low temperature chamber 11B is sufficiently cooled, and the cold side of the thermoelectric conversion module 13 is sufficiently cooled. And the temperature difference of the warm side and the cold side of the thermoelectric conversion module 13 becomes large, and the fall of electric power generation is suppressed.

  In the above description, the water 7 is spring water. Next, the case where the water 7 is hot spring water will be described.

  A ceiling extraction channel 35 is provided on the ceiling surface of the high-temperature chamber 11 </ b> A in the prior art, and the opening / closing valve 19 is provided in the ceiling extraction channel 35. In principle, the thermoelectric generator 1 fully closes the on-off valve 19. Regardless of whether the thermoelectric generator 1 is in operation or not, when the inflow water 8 flows into the high temperature chamber 11A, the on-off valve 19 is opened, and the stagnant gas 36 flows out from the ceiling extraction flow path 35 as a ceiling extract 40. . In this case, the first and second criteria for performing the opening / closing operation of the opening / closing valve 19 are the same as described above.

  As a result, when all or a sufficiently large amount of the staying gas 36 is discharged, the wall surface of the high temperature chamber 11A is sufficiently heated, and the hot side of the thermoelectric conversion module 13 is sufficiently heated. And the temperature difference of the warm side and the cold side of the thermoelectric conversion module 13 becomes large, and the fall of electric power generation is suppressed.

  Compared with the second embodiment, since the curved water flow 64 does not exist in either the spring water or the hot spring water, the power generation amount does not decrease. The effluent 9 is used at the water usage destination 48. In the case of hot spring water, the temperature of the effluent 9 is lower than that of the inflow water 8, but it can be used for bathing and food heating. Available for use. Both spring water and hot spring water can be used for cleaning. Now, since there is sufficient pressure loss in the water use destination 48 and the flow path of the effluent 9 up to that point, the gas extraction flow path in the second embodiment has sufficient pressure loss. In comparison, the flow path of the ceiling extract 39 in the fifteenth embodiment is, in principle, discharged to the outside, so that the pressure loss is small and the flow rate can be increased, and the stagnant gas 36 is easily discharged.

  Further, the opening / closing operation of the opening / closing valve 19 can be determined based on the first and second criteria. Further, this opening / closing operation may be performed by an automatic control device (not shown). Although manual operation by humans is frequently labor intensive, it is labor-saving by automation.

  The technique of the fifteenth embodiment can be implemented in combination with the techniques of the third to fourteenth embodiments.

<Sixteenth Embodiment>
A sixteenth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. Here, the same reference numerals are given to the same elements as those in the fifteenth embodiment, and redundant descriptions are omitted. Only the parts different from the fifteenth embodiment will be described below.

  FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram illustrating the configuration of the chamber portion of the thermoelectric generator 1 according to the sixteenth embodiment.

  In the fifteenth embodiment, when the on-off valve 19 is opened, the ceiling extract 40 is caused to flow out to the outside. However, the fluid in the outside may flow into the low temperature chamber 11B through the ceiling extraction flow path 35. For example, this is a case where the external environment is the atmosphere and the water 7 is transported using a height difference. Therefore, a flow rate control valve 37 is installed in the outflow passage 17, and the opening degree of the flow rate control valve 37 is reduced before opening the on-off valve 19, and the opening degree of the flow rate adjusting valve 37 is set before closing the on-off valve 19. return. The opening degree of the flow rate control valve 37 may be reduced to a fully closed state.

  When the on-off valve 19 is open, the opening of the flow rate adjustment valve 37 is small, so that the flow rate of the effluent water 17 is reduced, so that fluid such as the atmosphere does not flow from the outside into the low temperature chamber 11B, and the gas 36 staying outside Will be leaked.

  Furthermore, the opening degree of the flow rate adjusting valve 37 may be adjusted by an automatic control device (not shown). Although manual operation by humans is frequently labor intensive, it is labor-saving by automation.

  The technique of the sixteenth embodiment can be implemented in combination with the techniques of the third to fourteenth embodiments.

<Seventeenth embodiment>
A sixteenth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. Here, the same reference numerals are given to the same elements as those in the fifteenth embodiment, and redundant descriptions are omitted. Only portions different from the fifteenth and sixteenth embodiments will be described below.

  FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the chamber portion of the thermoelectric generator 1 of the seventeenth embodiment.

  Water 7 is spring water. The first temperature sensor 25 is installed near the ceiling on the side surface of the low temperature chamber 11B, and the surface temperature of the low temperature chamber 11B at the installed position is measured. The first temperature sensor 25 is, for example, a thermocouple, and is installed at a position where it does not interfere with the thermoelectric conversion module 13. A dotted line in FIG. 17 is a cable in which one set of signal lines of the first temperature sensor 25 is bundled, and is taken out from the low temperature chamber 11B so as not to interfere with the thermoelectric conversion module 13. As shown in FIG. 17, when the staying gas 36 exists near the position behind the wall surface at the position where the first temperature sensor 25 is installed, the wall surface in the vicinity thereof is difficult to be cooled. The measured temperature value increases. Even if the staying gas 36 is not present in the vicinity, the measured temperature value of the first temperature sensor 25 increases as the staying gas 36 increases.

  Now, when the inflow water 8 flows into the low temperature chamber 11B regardless of whether the thermoelectric generator 1 is in operation or not, the on-off valve 19 is opened, and the staying gas 36 is used as the ceiling extract 40 from the ceiling extraction flow path 35. Spill. In this case, unlike the fifteenth embodiment, the third and fourth criteria for performing the opening / closing operation of the on-off valve 19 are provided as the same as the third and fourth criteria described in the fifth embodiment.

  As a result, when all or a sufficiently large amount of the staying gas 36 is discharged, the wall surface of the low temperature chamber 11B is sufficiently cooled, and the cold side of the thermoelectric conversion module 13 is sufficiently cooled. And the temperature difference of the warm side and the cold side of the thermoelectric conversion module 13 becomes large, and the fall of electric power generation is suppressed.

  Further, the opening / closing operation of the opening / closing valve 19 can be determined based on the third and fourth criteria. Further, this opening / closing operation may be performed by an automatic control device (not shown). Although manual operation by humans is frequently labor intensive, it is labor-saving by automation.

  The technique of the seventeenth embodiment can be implemented in combination with the techniques of the third to fourteenth embodiments.

<Eighteenth embodiment>
An eighteenth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. Here, the same reference numerals are given to the same elements as those in the seventeenth embodiment, and a duplicate description is omitted. Only the differences from the seventeenth embodiment will be described below.

  FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the chamber portion of the thermoelectric generator 1 of the eighteenth embodiment.

  Water 7 is hot spring water. The first temperature sensor 25 is installed near the ceiling on the side surface of the high temperature chamber 11A, and the surface temperature of the high temperature chamber 11A at the installed position is measured. The first temperature sensor 25 is, for example, a thermocouple, and is installed at a position where it does not interfere with the thermoelectric conversion module 13. A dotted line in FIG. 17 is a cable in which one set of signal lines of the first temperature sensor 25 is bundled, and is taken out from the high temperature chamber 11 </ b> A so as not to interfere with the thermoelectric conversion module 13. As shown in FIG. 17, when the stagnant gas 36 exists near the position behind the wall surface at the position where the first temperature sensor 25 is installed, the wall surface in the vicinity thereof is difficult to be heated. The measured temperature value becomes low. Even if the staying gas 36 is not present in the vicinity, the measured temperature value of the first temperature sensor 25 becomes lower as the staying gas 36 increases.

  Now, when the inflowing water 8 flows into the high temperature chamber 11A regardless of whether the thermoelectric generator 1 is in operation or not, the on-off valve 19 is opened and the staying gas 36 is used as the ceiling extract 40 from the ceiling extraction flow path 35. Spill. In this case, the fifth and sixth criteria for performing the opening / closing operation of the on-off valve 19 are provided as the same as the fifth and sixth criteria described in the sixth embodiment.

  As a result, when all or a sufficiently large amount of the staying gas 36 is discharged, the wall surface of the high temperature chamber 11A is sufficiently heated, and the hot side of the thermoelectric conversion module 13 is sufficiently heated. And the temperature difference of the warm side and the cold side of the thermoelectric conversion module 13 becomes large, and the fall of electric power generation is suppressed.

  Further, the opening / closing operation of the opening / closing valve 19 can be determined based on the third and fourth criteria. Further, this opening / closing operation may be performed by an automatic control device (not shown). Although manual operation by humans is frequently labor intensive, it is labor-saving by automation.

  The technique of the eighteenth embodiment can be implemented in combination with the techniques of the third to fourteenth embodiments.

<Nineteenth embodiment>
A nineteenth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. Here, the same reference numerals are given to the same elements as those in the fifteenth and seventeenth embodiments, and redundant descriptions are omitted. Only portions different from the fifteenth and seventeenth embodiments will be described below.

  FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the chamber portion of the thermoelectric generator 1 of the nineteenth embodiment.

  First, a case where the water 7 is spring water will be described.

  The first temperature sensor 25 and the second temperature sensor 26 are installed near the ceiling and other than near the ceiling in the vertical direction on the side surface of the low temperature chamber 11B, and the surface temperature of the low temperature chamber 11B at the installed position is measured. The positions of the first temperature sensor 25 and the second temperature sensor 26 in the longitudinal direction of the low temperature chamber 11B are preferably the same as shown in FIG. 18, but the inflow channel 16 at the surface temperature of the low temperature chamber 11B Compared with the temperature difference between the near side and the side near the outflow channel 17, the temperature difference due to the influence of the staying gas 36 is sufficiently large, so it is not necessary to be the same. The first temperature sensor 25 and the second temperature sensor 26 are thermocouples, for example, and are installed at positions that do not interfere with the thermoelectric conversion module 13. Two dotted lines in FIG. 18 are cables in which one set of signal lines of the first temperature sensor 25 and one set of signal lines of the second temperature sensor 26 are bundled, and the temperature is low so as not to interfere with the thermoelectric conversion module 13. The outside is taken out from the chamber 11B. As shown in FIG. 18, when the stagnant gas 36 exists near the position on the back side of the wall surface at the position where the first temperature sensor 25 is installed, the wall surface in the vicinity is not easily cooled. The measured temperature value increases. Even if the staying gas 36 is not present in the vicinity, the measured temperature value of the first temperature sensor 25 increases as the staying gas 36 increases. On the other hand, since the temperature at the place where the second temperature sensor 26 is installed is not easily affected by the staying gas 36, the measured temperature value does not change or only slightly increases. Therefore, the difference in temperature measured by the first temperature sensor 25 and the second temperature sensor 26 increases.

  In the above description, the water 7 is spring water. Next, the case where the water 7 is hot spring water will be described.

  The first temperature sensor 25 and the second temperature sensor 26 are installed near the ceiling and other than near the ceiling in the vertical direction on the side surface of the low temperature chamber 11B, and the surface temperature of the low temperature chamber 11B at the installed position is measured. The positions of the first temperature sensor 25 and the second temperature sensor 26 in the longitudinal direction of the low temperature chamber 11B are preferably the same as shown in FIG. 18, but the inflow channel 16 at the surface temperature of the low temperature chamber 11B Compared with the temperature difference between the near side and the side near the outflow channel 17, the temperature difference due to the influence of the staying gas 36 is sufficiently large, so it is not necessary to be the same. The first temperature sensor 25 and the second temperature sensor 26 are thermocouples, for example, and are installed at positions that do not interfere with the thermoelectric conversion module 13. Two dotted lines in FIG. 18 are cables in which one set of signal lines of the first temperature sensor 25 and one set of signal lines of the second temperature sensor 26 are bundled, and the temperature is low so as not to interfere with the thermoelectric conversion module 13. The outside is taken out from the chamber 11B. As shown in FIG. 18, when the stagnant gas 36 exists near the position on the back side of the wall surface at the position where the first temperature sensor 25 is installed, the wall surface in the vicinity is not easily cooled. The measured temperature value increases. Even if the staying gas 36 is not present in the vicinity, the measured temperature value of the first temperature sensor 25 increases as the staying gas 36 increases. On the other hand, since the temperature at the place where the second temperature sensor 26 is installed is not easily affected by the staying gas 36, the measured temperature value does not change or only slightly increases. Therefore, the difference in temperature measured by the first temperature sensor 25 and the second temperature sensor 26 increases.

  Now, when the inflow water 8 flows into the low temperature chamber 11B regardless of whether the thermoelectric generator 1 is in operation or not, the on-off valve 19 is opened, and the staying gas 36 is used as the ceiling extract 40 from the ceiling extraction flow path 35. Spill. In this case, unlike the fifteenth and seventeenth embodiments, the seventh and eighth criteria for performing the opening and closing operation of the on-off valve 19 are provided as the same as the seventh and eighth criteria described in the seventh embodiment.

  As a result, when all or a sufficiently large amount of the staying gas 36 is discharged, the wall surface of the low temperature chamber 11B is sufficiently cooled, and the cold side of the thermoelectric conversion module 13 is sufficiently cooled. And the temperature difference of the warm side and the cold side of the thermoelectric conversion module 13 becomes large, and the fall of electric power generation is suppressed.

  As a result, when the deposit 24 is completely or sufficiently discharged, the wall surface of the low temperature chamber 11B is sufficiently cooled, and the cold side of the thermoelectric conversion module 13 is sufficiently cooled. And the temperature difference of the warm side and the cold side of the thermoelectric conversion module 13 becomes large, and the fall of electric power generation is suppressed.

  In the above description, the water 7 is spring water. Next, the case where the water 7 is hot spring water will be described.

  In order to measure the surface temperature at different heights in the vertical direction on the side surface of the high temperature chamber 11A, the first temperature sensor 25 and the second temperature sensor 26 are respectively installed on the lower side and the upper side. When the inflowing water 8 flows into the high temperature chamber 11A, the on-off valve 19 is opened, and the staying gas 36 is caused to flow out from the ceiling extraction flow path 35 as a ceiling extraction product 40. In this case, the opening / closing operation of the opening / closing valve 19 is performed based on the seventh and eighth criteria.

  As a result, when all or a sufficiently large amount of the staying gas 36 is discharged, the wall surface of the high temperature chamber 11A is sufficiently heated, and the hot side of the thermoelectric conversion module 13 is sufficiently heated. And the temperature difference of the warm side and the cold side of the thermoelectric conversion module 13 becomes large, and the fall of electric power generation is suppressed.

  Whether the water 7 is spring water or hot spring water, the opening / closing operation of the opening / closing valve 19 can be determined based on the seventh and eighth criteria. Further, this opening / closing operation may be performed by an automatic control device (not shown). Although manual operation by humans is frequently labor intensive, it is labor-saving by automation.

  The technique of the nineteenth embodiment can be implemented in combination with the techniques of the third to fourteenth embodiments.

<20th Embodiment>
A twentieth embodiment different from the nineteenth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. Here, the same elements as those in the fifteenth to nineteenth embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted. Only the parts different from the fifteenth to nineteenth embodiments will be described below.

  FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram illustrating the configuration of the chamber portion of the thermoelectric generator 1 according to the twentieth embodiment.

  First, a case where the water 7 is spring water will be described.

  The first temperature sensor 25 and the third temperature sensor 27 are installed near the ceiling and the second temperature sensor 26 is installed near the ceiling in the vertical direction on the side surface of the low temperature chamber 11B. Measure the surface temperature. The first temperature sensor 25, the second temperature sensor 26, and the third temperature sensor 27 are thermocouples, for example, and are installed at positions that do not interfere with the thermoelectric conversion module 13. The three dotted lines in FIG. 19 are cables in which one set of signal lines of the first temperature sensor 25, one set of signal lines of the second temperature sensor 26, and one set of signal lines of the third temperature sensor 27 are bundled. Yes, it is taken out from the low temperature chamber 11B so as not to interfere with the thermoelectric conversion module 13. As shown in FIG. 19, when the staying gas 36 exists near the position behind the wall surface at the position where the first temperature sensor 25 is installed, the wall surface in the vicinity thereof is difficult to be cooled. The measured temperature value increases. Even if the staying gas 36 is not present in the vicinity, the measured temperature value of the first temperature sensor 25 increases as the staying gas 36 increases. On the other hand, since the temperature at the place where the second temperature sensor 26 is installed is not easily affected by the staying gas 36, the measured temperature value does not change or only slightly increases. Therefore, the difference in temperature measured by the first temperature sensor 25 and the second temperature sensor 26 increases.

  Even if the position of the first temperature sensor 25 is the same height, the third temperature sensor 27 has the low temperature chamber 11B sufficiently inclined from the horizontal as shown in FIG. If it is near the temperature sensor 25 but not near the third temperature sensor 27, the measured temperature value of the third temperature sensor 27 does not increase even if the measured temperature value of the first temperature sensor 25 increases. Or only a little expensive. Therefore, the difference between the temperatures measured by the first temperature sensor 25 and the third temperature sensor 27 does not increase or only slightly increases. If the inclination of the low temperature chamber 11B is not as shown in FIG. 19 and the stagnant gas 36 is near the third temperature sensor 27 but not near the first temperature sensor 25, the temperature of the third temperature sensor 27 Even if the measured temperature value increases, the measured temperature value of the first temperature sensor 25 does not increase or only slightly increases. Note that the positions of the first temperature sensor 25 and the third temperature sensor 27 in the longitudinal direction of the low temperature chamber 11B are different as shown in FIG. 19, and therefore, the side near the inflow channel 16 at the surface temperature of the low temperature chamber 11B. Although a temperature difference on the side close to the outflow channel 17 appears, the temperature difference due to the influence of the staying gas 36 is sufficiently larger than that.

  Now, when the inflow water 8 flows into the low temperature chamber 11B regardless of whether the thermoelectric generator 1 is in operation or not, the on-off valve 19 is opened, and the staying gas 36 is used as the ceiling extract 40 from the ceiling extraction flow path 35. Spill. In this case, unlike the fifteenth and seventeenth to nineteenth embodiments, the ninth and tenth criteria for performing the opening and closing operation of the on-off valve 19 are the same as the ninth and tenth criteria described in the eighth embodiment. Provide as. In the twentieth embodiment, two and one temperature sensors are installed on the lower and upper sides, respectively, but any number of temperature sensors may be installed.

  As a result, when all or a sufficiently large amount of the staying gas 36 is discharged, the wall surface of the low temperature chamber 11B is sufficiently cooled, and the cold side of the thermoelectric conversion module 13 is sufficiently cooled. And the temperature difference of the warm side and the cold side of the thermoelectric conversion module 13 becomes large, and the fall of electric power generation is suppressed.

  In the above description, the water 7 is spring water. Next, the case where the water 7 is hot spring water will be described.

  The same configuration is applied to the high temperature chamber 11A, and the ninth and tenth criteria are applied. As a result, the temperature difference between the hot and cold sides of the thermoelectric conversion module 13 is increased, and a reduction in the amount of power generation is suppressed.

  Whether the water 7 is spring water or hot spring water, the open / close operation of the open / close valve 19 can be determined based on the ninth and tenth criteria. Further, this opening / closing operation may be performed by an automatic control device (not shown). Although manual operation by humans is frequently labor intensive, it is labor-saving by automation.

  The technique of the twentieth embodiment can be implemented in combination with the techniques of the third to fourteenth embodiments.

<Twenty-first embodiment>
The twenty-first embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. Here, the same reference numerals are given to the same elements as those in the fifteenth embodiment, and redundant descriptions are omitted. Only the parts different from the fifteenth embodiment will be described below.

  FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the chamber portion of the thermoelectric generator 1 of the twenty-first embodiment.

  When the on-off valve 19 is opened, a channel 28 with a transparent portion is provided so that the ceiling extract 40 flowing out through the ceiling extraction channel 35 can be visually observed. In FIG. 20, the flow path 28 with a transparent portion is located downstream from the on-off valve 19, but may be located upstream. The ceiling extract 40 that flows out when the on-off valve 19 is opened is a mixture of the water 7 and the staying gas 36. When the staying gas 36 is sufficiently discharged, the staying gas 36 is not discharged any more. Only the water 7 is discharged. In the fifteenth and seventeenth to twentieth embodiments, the on-off valve 19 can be closed even while it is still being discharged, but unlike that, an eleventh reference for carrying out the on-off operation of the on-off valve 19 is possible. Is provided as follows. The criterion for opening the on-off valve 19 is any one of the first to tenth criteria, and the criterion for closing is to close the on-off valve 19 when it is visually observed that no gas is mixed in the ceiling extract 40.

  As a result, when all or a sufficient amount of the stagnant gas 36 is discharged, if the water 7 is spring water, the wall surface of the low temperature chamber 11B is sufficiently cooled, and the cold side of the thermoelectric conversion module 13 is sufficient. When the water 7 is hot spring water, the wall surface of the high temperature chamber 11A is sufficiently heated, and the hot side of the thermoelectric conversion module 13 is sufficiently heated. And the temperature difference of the warm side and the cold side of the thermoelectric conversion module 13 becomes large, and the fall of electric power generation is suppressed.

  Further, whether the water 7 is spring water or hot spring water, the on-off valve 19 can be opened / closed so that the accumulated gas 36 can be discharged according to the eleventh standard.

  The technique of the twenty-first embodiment can be implemented in combination with the techniques of the third to fourteenth embodiments.

<Twenty-second embodiment>
A twenty-second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. Here, the same reference numerals are given to the same elements as those in the fifteenth embodiment, and redundant descriptions are omitted. Only the parts different from the fifteenth embodiment will be described below.

  FIG. 21 is a schematic diagram illustrating the configuration of the chamber portion of the thermoelectric generator 1 according to the twenty-second embodiment.

  The water 7 may be either spring water or hot spring water. In addition to the ceiling extraction flow path 35 through which the ceiling extract 40 flows out when the on-off valve 19 is opened, the second ceiling extraction through which the second ceiling extract 59 flows out when the second on-off valve 46 is opened. A flow path 58 is provided. At this time, with respect to the flow of the water 7, the ceiling extraction flow path 35 is provided on the further downstream side of the ceiling surface, and the second ceiling extraction flow path 58 is provided on the further upstream side.

  The ceiling extract 40 that flows out when the on-off valve 19 is opened in the fifteenth embodiment is a mixture of the water 7 and the staying gas 36. However, when the staying gas 36 is sufficiently discharged, the staying gas 36 is No more water is discharged and only water 7 is discharged. At this time, depending on the inclination of the low temperature chamber 11B or the high temperature chamber 11A from the horizontal or the flow state of the water 7, the staying gas 36 may remain sufficiently without being discharged at a place far from the ceiling extraction flow path 35. Compared with the state immediately before opening the on-off valve 19, the amount of power generation is increased, but compared with the state where the staying gas 36 is not staying at all, the amount of power generation is small because of the remaining staying gas 36. In the second embodiment as well, there is a case where the staying gas 36 is not exhausted and remains sufficiently in a place far from the outflow channel 17, and the amount of power generation is small because of the remaining staying gas 36.

  Therefore, in the twenty-second embodiment, after the on-off valve 19 is opened and the ceiling extract 40 is sufficiently discharged and the staying gas 36 is in the state as shown in FIG. 21, the on-off valve 19 is closed, and the second on-off valve Open 46. Alternatively, the on-off valve 19 and the second on-off valve 46 are opened simultaneously. Thereby, all or a sufficiently large amount of the staying gas 36 staying at a location far from the on-off valve 19 is also discharged. When the water 7 is spring water, the wall surface of the low temperature chamber 11B is sufficiently cooled, the cold side of the thermoelectric conversion module 13 is sufficiently cooled, and when the water 7 is hot spring water, The wall surface of the high temperature chamber 11A is sufficiently heated, and the warm side of the thermoelectric conversion module 13 is sufficiently heated. And the temperature difference of the warm side and the cold side of the thermoelectric conversion module 13 becomes large, and the fall of electric power generation is suppressed.

  In FIG. 21, the flow path having the function of the ceiling extraction flow path is provided in two places, but may be three or more places. Further, the technique of the twenty-second embodiment may be implemented in combination with the techniques of the fourteenth to twenty-first embodiments. In this case, the reference for performing the opening / closing operation of the opening / closing valve provided in each of the flow paths provided in two places is any of the first to ninth and eleventh references. When a plurality of on-off valves are not opened simultaneously, the on-off valves are opened one by one in order. In addition, when only one open / close valve is opened at a time, the flow rate of the ceiling extract is larger, and thus the staying gas 36 is likely to flow out. The ceiling extract referred to here is the ceiling extract 40 when only the on-off valve 19 is opened, and the second ceiling extract 59 when only the second on-off valve 46 is opened.

  The technique of the twenty-second embodiment can be implemented in combination with the techniques of the third to fourteenth embodiments.

<Twenty-third embodiment>
A twenty-third embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. Here, the same reference numerals are given to the same elements as those in the fifteenth and twenty-second embodiments, and duplicate descriptions are omitted. Only the portions different from the fifteenth and twenty-second embodiments will be described below.

  FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the chamber portion of the thermoelectric generator 1 of the 23rd embodiment.

  The water 7 may be either spring water or hot spring water. In the twenty-third embodiment, the technique of the fifteenth embodiment is combined with the technique of the twenty-second embodiment. Thereby, the effects of both the fifteenth embodiment and the twenty-second embodiment are obtained. In FIG. 22, the flow path having the function of the ceiling extraction flow path is provided at two places, but may be three or more places. Further, the technology of the twenty-third embodiment may be implemented in combination with the technologies of the third to fourteenth embodiments.

<Twenty-fourth embodiment>
The twenty-fourth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. Here, the same reference numerals are given to the same elements as those in the fifteenth embodiment, and redundant descriptions are omitted. Only the parts different from the fifteenth embodiment will be described below.

  FIG. 23 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the chamber portion of the thermoelectric generator 1 of the twenty-fourth embodiment.

  Spring water from the ground is used for washing, cooling, plant use, and the like. Naturally, if the inflow water 8 is spring water, the outflow water 9 remains in the composition of the spring water and can be used similarly. Hot spring water is used for bathing, washing, heating, and the like. Naturally, if the inflow water 8 is hot spring water, the outflow water 9 remains in the composition of the hot spring water and can be used similarly.

  Since the ceiling extract 40 is a mixture of the water 7 and the stagnant gas 36, if the ceiling extract 40 is discarded in a river or the like, the total amount of effluent 9 that can be used is reduced by the amount of water 7 contained in the ceiling extract 40. End up. Therefore, in the twenty-fourth embodiment, when the on-off valve 19 is opened, the ceiling extract 40 that flows out through the ceiling extraction flow path 35 is merged with the effluent 9 at the merge point 29 of the outflow pipe 17 to be merged. Water 30. Note that there is no problem even if the technique of the eighth embodiment is combined with the thirteenth embodiment. The junction 29 may be a low temperature discharge header 42B if the water 7 is spring water, or a high temperature discharge header 42A if the water 7 is hot spring water.

  Thereby, the water 7 contained in the ceiling extract 40 can also be used by joining the merged water 30 in the same manner as the outflow water 9. The technique of the twenty-fourth embodiment may be implemented in combination with the techniques of the third to twenty-third embodiments.

<25th Embodiment>
A twenty-fifth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. Here, the same reference numerals are given to the same elements as those in the fifteenth and twenty-fourth embodiments, and redundant descriptions are omitted. Only the parts different from the seventh and thirteenth embodiments will be described below.

  FIG. 24 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the chamber portion of the thermoelectric generator 1 of the 25th embodiment.

  The flow path of the ceiling extract 40 in the fourth embodiment is, in principle, discharge to the outside world, so that the pressure loss is small and the flow rate can be increased, and the ceiling extract 40 is easily discharged. In the 24th embodiment, The ceiling extract 40 is used at the water usage destination 48 as the combined water 30 that merges with the effluent water 9, and therefore there is a sufficient pressure loss to reach the water usage destination 48 and the water usage destination 48. Therefore, in the twenty-fifth embodiment, the flow control valve 37 is provided upstream of the junction point 29 in the outflow passage 17, and the opening degree of the flow control valve 37 is reduced before the open / close valve 19 is opened. Before closing, the opening degree of the flow control valve 37 is returned.

  When the opening degree of the flow rate control valve 17 is small, the effluent 9 is less likely to flow out, but the ceiling extract 40 is likely to flow out and the retained gas 36 is easily discharged.

  Furthermore, the opening degree of the flow rate adjusting valve 37 may be adjusted by an automatic control device (not shown). Although manual operation by humans is frequently labor intensive, it is labor-saving by automation. The technique of the twenty-fifth embodiment may be implemented in combination with the techniques of the third to twenty-third embodiments.

<Twenty-sixth embodiment>
The twenty-sixth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. Here, the same reference numerals are given to the same elements as those in the fifteenth and twenty-fourth embodiments, and redundant descriptions are omitted. Only the portions different from the fifteenth and twenty-fourth embodiments will be described below.

  FIG. 25 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the chamber portion of the thermoelectric generator 1 of the 26th embodiment.

  The ceiling extraction flow path 35 is connected to the bottom surface of the tank 54, and allows the ceiling extract 40 to flow into the tank 54. When another chamber ceiling extraction flow path 68 is installed on the ceiling surface of another chamber, the other chamber ceiling extraction flow path 68 is also connected to the bottom surface of the tank 54, and another chamber ceiling extraction flow 69 flowing therethrough It flows into the tank 54. However, the outflow water 9 and the separate chamber outflow water 50 must be either spring water or both must be hot spring water. There may be any number of separate chamber ceiling extraction flow paths 68, and separate chamber open / close valves 67 are provided. Further, on the bottom surface of the tank 54, a tank outflow channel 66 is installed at a location sufficiently away from the ceiling extraction channel 35 and the separate chamber ceiling extraction channel 68. Although the third on-off valve 56 may be installed in the tank outflow passage 66, it is not installed in FIG. In the outflow channel 17, the flow rate control valve 37 may be installed upstream from the junction point 29, but is not installed in FIG. 25. A tank extraction channel 62 is installed on the ceiling surface of the tank 54, and a fourth on-off valve 61 is installed in the channel. In principle, the fourth on-off valve 61 is fully closed. When at least one of the on-off valve 19 and zero or more of the other chamber on-off valves 67 is open, among the ceiling extract 40 and the other chamber ceiling extract 69, the open channel is in the tank 54. Inflow. When the fluid flows through the tank 54, the tank 54 has a large volume and the flow velocity is small. Therefore, the gas contained in the ceiling extract 40 and the separate chamber ceiling extract 69 rises, and the ceiling portion of the tank 54 rises. To become a second staying gas 60. Most of the inflowing material except the second stagnant gas 60 flows out from the tank outflow passage 66 as the tank outflow water 51. Then, the tank outflow channel 66 is connected to the outflow channel 17, and the tank outflow water 51 is merged with the outflow water 9 at the confluence point 29 in the outflow channel 17 to form the merged water 30. At this time, the separate chamber outflow channel 49 may be connected to the outflow channel 17, and the separate chamber outflow water 50 may be merged at the merge point 29. The junction 29 may be a low temperature discharge header 42B if the water 7 is spring water, or a high temperature discharge header 42A if the water 7 is hot spring water. When the second stagnant gas 60 is sufficiently accumulated, the thermoelectric generator 1 is stopped, the fourth on-off valve 61 is opened, and the second stagnant gas 60 is discharged to the outside.

  Thereby, the gas contained in the combined water 30 utilized in the water utilization place 48 becomes smaller, and it becomes easy to use.

  Although the tank 54 is provided upstream from the low temperature chamber 11B and the high temperature chamber 11A, it is possible to allow the inflow water 8 to flow in after reducing the gas contained therein, but before the inflow, the gas that holds the cold or hot heat. It is disadvantageous from the viewpoint of the use of cold and warm heat if the structure is separated or a structure having a large heat leak and a large surface area is provided. The technique of the twenty-sixth embodiment may be implemented in combination with the techniques of the third to twenty-third embodiments.

  As described above in detail, according to each embodiment, it is possible to suppress a decrease in the amount of power generation.

  Although several embodiments of the present invention have been described, these embodiments are presented by way of example and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. These novel embodiments can be implemented in various other forms, and various omissions, replacements, and changes can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. These embodiments and modifications thereof are included in the scope and gist of the invention, and are included in the invention described in the claims and the equivalents thereof.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Thermoelectric power generation apparatus, 2 ... Switching apparatus, 3 ... Control apparatus, 4 ... Television apparatus, 5 ... Illumination equipment, 6 ... Display apparatus, 7 ... Cold water, 8 ... Inflow water, 9 ... Outflow water, 10 ... Chassis, 11 ... Chamber, 11A ... High temperature chamber, 11B ... Low temperature chamber, 12 ... Thermoelectric conversion module housing (slot), 13 ... Thermoelectric conversion module, 14 ... Wiring, 15 ... High heat conduction material, 16 ... Inflow channel, 17 ... Outflow , 18 ... bottom extraction passage, 19 ... open / close valve, 20a, 20b ... electrode, 21a, 21b ... insulating plate, 22s, 22b ... semiconductor element, 23a, 23b ... electrode outlet, 24 ... deposit, 25 ... first 1 temperature sensor, 26 ... second temperature sensor, 27 ... third temperature sensor, 28 ... transparent portion passage, 29 ... merging point, 30 ... merging water, 31A ... high temperature supply pipe, 31B ... low temperature supply Piping, 3 A ... Header for high temperature supply, 32B ... Header for low temperature supply, 33A ... Pipe joint for high temperature supply, 33B ... Pipe joint for low temperature supply, 34A ... Header joint for high temperature supply, 34B ... Header joint for low temperature supply, 35 ... Ceiling extraction flow path, 36 ... Retained gas, 37 ... Flow rate control valve, 38 ... Hot water, 39 ... Bottom extraction product, 40 ... Ceiling extraction product, 41A ... High temperature discharge piping, 41B ... Low temperature discharge piping, 42A ... High temperature discharge header, 42B ... Low temperature discharge header, 43A ... High temperature discharge pipe joint, 43B ... Low temperature discharge pipe joint, 44A ... High temperature discharge header joint, 44B ... Low temperature discharge header joint, 45 ... Second bottom extraction channel, 46 ... second on-off valve, 47 ... second bottom extraction, 48 ... water usage destination, 49 ... other chamber outflow channel, 50 ... other chamber outflow water, 51 ... tan Outflow water, 52... Separate chamber bottom surface extraction flow path, 53. Separate chamber bottom surface extraction material, 54. Tank, 55. Second deposit, 56 ... Third on-off valve, 57 ... Tank lid, 58. Ceiling extraction channel, 59 ... second ceiling extraction, 60 ... second stagnant gas, 61 ... fourth on-off valve, 62 ... tank extraction channel, 63 ... tank extraction gas, 64 ... bending water flow, 65 ... Cold water, 66 ... tank outflow passage, 67 ... separate chamber opening / closing valve, 68 ... separate chamber ceiling discharge passage, 69 ... separate chamber ceiling discharge.

Claims (20)

A thermoelectric conversion module that generates electricity by a temperature difference between both surfaces, and a high temperature chamber and a low temperature chamber that are provided so as to sandwich the thermoelectric conversion module and flow fluids having different temperatures from each other, and water is supplied to the high temperature chamber or the low temperature chamber. In the thermoelectric generator to be distributed,
Providing a fluid drainage channel on the bottom surface or ceiling surface of the high temperature chamber or the low temperature chamber and providing an on-off valve in the channel;
The flow control valve is provided downstream of the high temperature chamber or the low temperature chamber, the opening of the flow control valve is reduced before opening the on-off valve, and the opening of the flow control valve before closing the on-off valve. The thermoelectric power generator is operated so as to return it. A thermoelectric conversion module that generates electricity by a temperature difference between both surfaces, and a high temperature chamber and a low temperature chamber that are provided so as to sandwich the thermoelectric conversion module and flow fluids having different temperatures from each other, and water is supplied to the high temperature chamber or the low temperature chamber. In the thermoelectric generator to be distributed,
Providing a fluid drainage channel on the bottom surface or ceiling surface of the high temperature chamber or the low temperature chamber and providing an on-off valve in the channel;
The thermoelectric generator is operated so as to close after a predetermined time has elapsed after opening the on-off valve. A thermoelectric conversion module that generates electricity by a temperature difference between both surfaces, and a high temperature chamber and a low temperature chamber that are provided so as to sandwich the thermoelectric conversion module and flow fluids having different temperatures from each other, and water is supplied to the high temperature chamber or the low temperature chamber. In the thermoelectric generator to be distributed,
Providing a fluid drainage channel on the bottom surface or ceiling surface of the high temperature chamber or the low temperature chamber and providing an on-off valve in the channel;
A thermoelectric generator that operates so as to open after a lapse of a predetermined time after closing the on-off valve. A thermoelectric conversion module that generates electricity by a temperature difference between both surfaces, and a high temperature chamber and a low temperature chamber that are provided so as to sandwich the thermoelectric conversion module and flow fluids having different temperatures from each other, and water is supplied to the high temperature chamber or the low temperature chamber. In the thermoelectric generator to be distributed,
Providing a fluid drainage channel on the bottom surface or ceiling surface of the high temperature chamber or the low temperature chamber and providing an on-off valve in the channel;
The flow control valve is provided downstream of the high temperature chamber or the low temperature chamber, the opening of the flow control valve is reduced before opening the on-off valve, and the opening of the flow control valve before closing the on-off valve. Drive to return
A thermoelectric power generator that operates to open the on-off valve if the power generation output is smaller than a first predetermined value. A thermoelectric conversion module that generates electricity by a temperature difference between both surfaces, and a high temperature chamber and a low temperature chamber that are provided so as to sandwich the thermoelectric conversion module and flow fluids having different temperatures from each other, and water is supplied to the high temperature chamber or the low temperature chamber. In the thermoelectric generator to be distributed,
Providing a fluid drainage channel on the bottom surface or ceiling surface of the high temperature chamber or the low temperature chamber and providing an on-off valve in the channel;
The thermoelectric generator is operated so that the on-off valve is opened when the power generation output is smaller than a first predetermined value and closed when the power generation output is larger than a second predetermined value. A thermoelectric conversion module that generates electricity by a temperature difference between both surfaces, and a high temperature chamber and a low temperature chamber that are provided so as to sandwich the thermoelectric conversion module and flow fluids having different temperatures from each other, and water is supplied to the high temperature chamber or the low temperature chamber. In the thermoelectric generator to be distributed,
Providing a fluid drainage channel on the bottom surface or ceiling surface of the high temperature chamber or the low temperature chamber and providing an on-off valve in the channel;
One or more first temperature sensors for measuring the surface temperature of the side surface of the low-temperature chamber are installed, and the on-off valve has a predetermined number of temperature values measured by the first temperature sensor from a first predetermined temperature. A thermoelectric generator that is operated to open when it is high. A thermoelectric conversion module that generates electricity by a temperature difference between both surfaces, and a high temperature chamber and a low temperature chamber that are provided so as to sandwich the thermoelectric conversion module and flow fluids having different temperatures from each other, and water is supplied to the high temperature chamber or the low temperature chamber. In the thermoelectric generator to be distributed,
Providing a fluid drainage channel on the bottom surface or ceiling surface of the high temperature chamber or the low temperature chamber and providing an on-off valve in the channel;
One or more first temperature sensors that measure the surface temperature of the side surface of the high-temperature chamber are installed, and the on-off valve has a predetermined number of temperature values measured by the first temperature sensor that is higher than the first predetermined temperature. A thermoelectric generator that is operated to open if low. A thermoelectric conversion module that generates electricity by a temperature difference between both surfaces, and a high temperature chamber and a low temperature chamber that are provided so as to sandwich the thermoelectric conversion module and flow fluids having different temperatures from each other, and water is supplied to the high temperature chamber or the low temperature chamber. In the thermoelectric generator to be distributed,
Providing a fluid drainage channel on the bottom surface or ceiling surface of the high temperature chamber or the low temperature chamber and providing an on-off valve in the channel;
One or more first temperature sensors for measuring the surface temperature of the side surface of the low-temperature chamber are installed, and the on-off valve has a predetermined number of temperature values measured by the first temperature sensor from a first predetermined temperature. A thermoelectric generator that operates to open if it is high and to close if it is lower than a second predetermined temperature. A thermoelectric conversion module that generates electricity by a temperature difference between both surfaces, and a high temperature chamber and a low temperature chamber that are provided so as to sandwich the thermoelectric conversion module and flow fluids having different temperatures from each other, and water is supplied to the high temperature chamber or the low temperature chamber. In the thermoelectric generator to be distributed,
Providing a fluid drainage channel on the bottom surface or ceiling surface of the high temperature chamber or the low temperature chamber and providing an on-off valve in the channel;
One or more first temperature sensors that measure the surface temperature of the side surface of the high-temperature chamber are installed, and the on-off valve has a predetermined number of temperature values measured by the first temperature sensor that is higher than the first predetermined temperature. A thermoelectric generator that operates to open if it is low and to close if it is higher than the second predetermined temperature. A thermoelectric conversion module that generates electricity by a temperature difference between both surfaces, and a high temperature chamber and a low temperature chamber that are provided so as to sandwich the thermoelectric conversion module and flow fluids having different temperatures from each other, and water is supplied to the high temperature chamber or the low temperature chamber. In the thermoelectric generator to be distributed,
Providing a fluid drainage channel on the bottom surface or ceiling surface of the high temperature chamber or the low temperature chamber and providing an on-off valve in the channel;
One or more first temperature sensors and two or more second temperature sensors for measuring the surface temperature are installed at different heights in the vertical direction on the side surfaces of the high temperature chamber or the low temperature chamber, respectively, The thermoelectric device is operated to open if the difference between the temperature values measured by the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor is equal to or greater than a predetermined number of combinations and greater than the first predetermined temperature difference. Power generation device. A thermoelectric conversion module that generates electricity by a temperature difference between both surfaces, and a high temperature chamber and a low temperature chamber that are provided so as to sandwich the thermoelectric conversion module and flow fluids having different temperatures from each other, and water is supplied to the high temperature chamber or the low temperature chamber. In the thermoelectric generator to be distributed,
Providing a fluid drainage channel on the bottom surface or ceiling surface of the high temperature chamber or the low temperature chamber and providing an on-off valve in the channel;
One or more first temperature sensors and two or more second temperature sensors for measuring the surface temperature are installed at different heights in the vertical direction on the side surfaces of the high temperature chamber or the low temperature chamber, respectively, If the difference between the temperature values measured by the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor is greater than or equal to a predetermined number of combinations and greater than the first predetermined temperature difference, the difference is open. A thermoelectric generator that is operated to be closed. The thermoelectric generator according to any one of claims 2 to 11 , wherein the opening / closing operation of the opening / closing valve is performed by an automatic control device. A thermoelectric conversion module that generates electricity by a temperature difference between both surfaces, and a high temperature chamber and a low temperature chamber that are provided so as to sandwich the thermoelectric conversion module and flow fluids having different temperatures from each other, and water is supplied to the high temperature chamber or the low temperature chamber. In the thermoelectric generator to be distributed,
Providing a fluid drainage channel on the bottom surface of the high temperature chamber or the low temperature chamber and providing an on-off valve in the channel;
After opening the on-off valve, it has a structure in which the fluid flowing out through the fluid drainage channel can be visually observed, and after visually observing that no solid matter is mixed in the fluid flowing out when the on-off valve is opened. A thermoelectric generator that operates to close the on-off valve. A thermoelectric conversion module that generates electricity by a temperature difference between both surfaces, and a high temperature chamber and a low temperature chamber that are provided so as to sandwich the thermoelectric conversion module and flow fluids having different temperatures from each other, and water is supplied to the high temperature chamber or the low temperature chamber. In the thermoelectric generator to be distributed,
Providing a fluid drainage channel on the ceiling surface of the high temperature chamber or the low temperature chamber and providing an on-off valve in the channel;
When opening the on-off valve, it has a structure in which the fluid flowing out through the fluid drainage channel can be visually observed, and after visually observing that no gas is mixed in the fluid flowing out when the on-off valve is opened, A thermoelectric generator that operates to close an on-off valve. A thermoelectric conversion module that generates electricity by a temperature difference between both surfaces, and a high temperature chamber and a low temperature chamber that are provided so as to sandwich the thermoelectric conversion module and flow fluids having different temperatures from each other, and water is supplied to the high temperature chamber or the low temperature chamber. In the thermoelectric generator to be distributed,
Providing a fluid drainage channel on the bottom surface or ceiling surface of the high temperature chamber or the low temperature chamber and providing an on-off valve in the channel;
2. The thermoelectric power generator according to claim 1, wherein the fluid discharge passage is installed at two or more locations on the bottom surface or the ceiling surface with respect to a flow direction of water inside the high temperature chamber or the low temperature chamber. The thermoelectric generator according to claim 15 , wherein the thermoelectric generator is operated so as not to simultaneously open two or more of the on-off valves provided in each of the fluid discharge flow paths. A thermoelectric conversion module that generates electricity by a temperature difference between both surfaces, and a high temperature chamber and a low temperature chamber that are provided so as to sandwich the thermoelectric conversion module and flow fluids having different temperatures from each other, and water is supplied to the high temperature chamber or the low temperature chamber. In the thermoelectric generator to be distributed,
Providing a fluid drainage channel on the bottom surface or ceiling surface of the high temperature chamber or the low temperature chamber and providing an on-off valve in the channel;
When the on-off valve is opened, the fluid is removed from the water flowing into the high temperature chamber or the low temperature chamber, and then the water flowing out from the high temperature chamber or the low temperature chamber is passed through the fluid drain passage. A thermoelectric generator having a structure for joining fluids that flow out. A flow rate control valve is provided downstream of the high temperature chamber or the low temperature chamber and upstream of the place where the merge is performed, the opening of the flow rate control valve is reduced before opening the open / close valve, and the open / close valve is 18. The thermoelectric generator according to claim 17 , wherein the thermoelectric generator is operated so as to return the opening of the flow control valve before closing. The bottom surface includes the fluid drainage channel, the first tank is provided downstream from the fluid drainage channel and upstream from the place where the merging is performed, and is included in the fluid flowing through the fluid drainage channel. The thermoelectric power generator according to claim 17 or 18 , wherein a solid that has come out is deposited in the first tank. A fluid is provided in the ceiling surface that includes the fluid drainage channel, includes a second tank downstream from the fluid drainage channel and upstream from the place where the merging is performed, and flows through the fluid drainage channel. The thermoelectric generator according to claim 17 or 18 , wherein the gas contained therein is retained in the second tank.

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