JP6119710B2 - Open / close cover device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an opening / closing cover device that opens and closes an opening for maintenance of equipment such as an under cover of an excavator.

  As this type of opening / closing cover device, the technique described in Patent Document 1 is known.

  In this known technique, for example, as an undercover device, as shown in FIG. 9 (bottom view), an opening 2 for maintenance is provided on the bottom plate (plate member) 1 of the upper frame constituting the upper swing body of the shovel. The opening 2 is configured to be opened and closed by a fan-shaped opening / closing cover 4 (under cover, whose outer shape is indicated by a thick line) that rotates about a cover support shaft 3 extending in the thickness direction of the bottom plate 1. In FIG. 9, 5 and 5 are knobs for opening and closing operations.

  According to this configuration, the opening / closing cover 4 opens and closes along the surface (lower surface) of the bottom plate 1, which is advantageous when a large vertical space cannot be secured as in the case of an undercover.

Japanese Patent No. 5401484

  Since the above known technique is based on the premise that one opening 2 is opened and closed by one opening / closing cover 4, when a plurality of openings are provided, a separate cover is provided for each opening and the opening / closing operation is performed separately. Configuration is taken.

  Here, even when a plurality of openings used for the same maintenance object are provided close to each other, such as a drain cock operation hole and an oil drain hole for the fuel tank, an opening / closing cover device is provided for each opening. This makes it difficult to provide a separate device in a narrow space, and increases the equipment cost.

  In addition, since opening and closing operations must be performed separately, the work efficiency of maintenance and the like is poor, and the labor burden on the worker is large.

  In order to solve this problem, the technology described in Patent Document 1 is developed, and the opening / closing cover is formed in a fan shape that covers each opening at once, and the cover is rotated around the main part of the fan. It is conceivable to adopt a configuration in which the openings are opened and closed simultaneously.

  However, this configuration increases the size of the opening / closing cover, which is not advantageous because it has a large adverse effect such as an increase in both the planar space (opening / closing space) and operating force required for opening and closing.

  Therefore, the present invention is based on the premise that the opening is opened and closed by rotating the opening / closing cover along the surface of the plate-like member such as the bottom plate, and a plurality of openings are efficiently opened by a single opening / closing cover. It is an object of the present invention to provide an opening / closing cover device that can be opened and closed with space and operation effort.

As means for solving the above problems, in the present invention, the bottom plate of the upper frame of the upper revolving structure in the excavator, and the drain cock operation hole and the exhaust used in the fuel tank, which are a plurality of openings provided in the bottom plate. comprising the oil hole, the bottom plate closing cover around the cover shaft extending in the thickness direction rotates along the surface of the bottom plate to simultaneously open and close the drain cock operation hole and the oil discharge hole of the drain The cock operation hole and the oil drain hole are arranged around one circle at intervals, and the opening and closing cover is
(i) comprising a plurality of cover portions for individually opening and closing the drain cock operation hole and the oil drain hole, and a connecting portion for connecting the cover portions;
(ii) The cover support shaft is provided in the connecting portion in a state of being located at the center of the circle between the drain cock operation hole and the oil drainage hole ,
(iii) each cover portion is rotated between the open state, located between a closed state, located to the drain cock operation hole and the oil discharge hole, and said drain cock operation hole and the oil discharge hole It is comprised as follows.

That is , the bottom plate is provided with a plurality of maintenance openings used for the fuel tank that is the same maintenance target.

According to the above configuration, the drain cock operation hole and the oil drainage hole, which are a plurality of openings , are simultaneously opened and closed by one open / close cover that rotates along the surface of the bottom plate that is a plate- like member around the cover support shaft. can do.

Therefore, when the drain cock operation hole and drain oil hole is a plurality of maintenance openings used for the same to be maintained is provided in close proximity, the cover device easily in a narrow space and at low cost Can be installed.

  Moreover, the work efficiency of maintenance etc. can be improved and the labor burden of a worker can be reduced.

In this case, the cover shaft, between the drain cock operation hole and the oil discharge hole, since the drain cock operation hole and the oil discharge hole is set to the center of the deployed circle, cover shaft Is set at a position away from between the drain cock operation hole and the oil drain hole, and the opening / closing cover can be rotated compactly with a small radius as compared with the case of rotating around a large circle. For this reason, the opening / closing space and the opening / closing operation force can be small.

In the present invention, the center of gravity of the cover is set to the connecting part, not to have desired to provide the cover supporting shaft in the center of gravity or near.

  According to this configuration, since the rotation center of the cover is located at or near the center of gravity of the cover, the rotation operation becomes lighter and the operation load can be further reduced, and the load load on the cover support shaft can be reduced.

Further, in the present invention, the cover support shaft is set at a substantially central portion in the length direction of the opening / closing cover composed of two cover portions for opening and closing the drain cock operation hole and the oil drainage hole and one connecting portion. It is not desirable.

  In this way, the turning radius of the opening / closing cover, that is, the opening / closing space can be minimized.

  Further, it is desirable to form the open / close cover by connecting the cover portions with a constricted connecting portion.

According to this configuration, since the connecting portion is tightly bound, the connecting portion is unlikely to overlap the opening when the opening is opened. Therefore, the openings can be provided as close as possible, which is advantageous when the openings are drain cock operation holes and oil drain holes for the fuel tank and there is a demand to reduce the distance between the openings. .

This onset Ming also a plate member, and a plurality of openings provided in the plate member, along the surface of the plate member around the cover shaft extending in the thickness direction of the plate-like member rotates Open / close covers that simultaneously open and close the openings, the openings are arranged around a circle, and the open / close cover includes:
(i) comprising a plurality of cover parts for individually opening and closing the openings, and a connecting part for connecting the cover parts;
(ii) The cover support shaft is provided at the connecting portion in a state of being located at the center of the circle between the openings.
(iii) The cover portions are configured to rotate between a closed state positioned at the openings and an open state positioned between the openings,
A tightening fixing portion for tightening and fixing the open / close cover to the plate-like member with a tightening bolt in the closed state is provided at the tip of each cover portion .

  In this way, the cover can be securely closed and fixed so as not to move in the opening direction due to vibration or the like.

  In this case, it is desirable that the tightening fixing portion is formed in a hook shape that engages with the tightening bolt when the opening of the opening / closing cover is closed and separates when the opening is open.

  In this way, you can fix and release the cover in a non-rotatable manner by tightening or loosening the tightening bolt, so there is no need to attach or remove the bolt, and workability is good and the risk of losing the bolt is low. Become.

This onset Ming also a plate member, and a plurality of openings provided in the plate member, along the surface of the plate member around the cover shaft extending in the thickness direction of the plate-like member rotates Open / close covers that simultaneously open and close the openings, the openings are arranged around a circle, and the open / close cover includes:
(i) comprising a plurality of cover parts for individually opening and closing the openings, and a connecting part for connecting the cover parts;
(ii) The cover support shaft is provided at the connecting portion in a state of being located at the center of the circle between the openings.
(iii) The cover portions are configured to rotate between a closed state positioned at the openings and an open state positioned between the openings,
A cover support shaft through-hole through which a cover support shaft made of a bolt is passed is provided at the connecting portion of the open / close cover, and a screw hole into which the cover support shaft is screwed is provided in the plate-like member to loosen the cover support shaft. state the cover is rotatable in a, in a state in which tightened the cover support shaft is obtained by constituting so that the cover is fixed so as not to rotate.

  According to this configuration, since the cover can be opened and fixed, there is no possibility of the cover moving in contact with a hand or a tool during maintenance work, and workability is good.

  According to the present invention, on the assumption that the opening / closing cover is rotated along the surface of the plate-like member to open / close the opening, the plurality of openings are opened / closed by a single opening / closing cover with less space and operation effort. be able to.

It is the disassembled perspective view which looked at the undercover device concerning a 1st embodiment of the present invention from the lower part. It is a perspective view of an attachment state similarly. FIG. FIG. 4 is a view corresponding to FIG. 3 in a state where the opening / closing cover of the apparatus is opened and rotated. It is a bottom view of the undercover device concerning a 2nd embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a view corresponding to FIG. 5 in a state where the opening / closing cover of the apparatus is opened and rotated. It is a bottom view of the undercover device concerning a 3rd embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8 is a view corresponding to FIG. 7 in a state where the opening / closing cover of the apparatus is opened and rotated. It is a bottom view which shows a well-known technique.

  An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  The embodiment is applied to an undercover device provided on a bottom surface portion of an upper swing body in an excavator.

1st Embodiment (refer FIGS. 1-4)
The opening / closing cover device according to the first embodiment includes a bottom plate 11 of an upper frame as a plate-like member, and two openings provided in the bottom plate 11 (for example, drain cock operation holes used for fuel tanks that are the same target). And an oil discharge hole) 12a, 12b and a single opening / closing cover (under cover) that rotates along the bottom plate surface around the cover support shaft 13 extending in the thickness direction of the bottom plate 11 and simultaneously opens and closes both openings 12a, 12b. ) 14.

The opening / closing cover 14
(i) Two substantially elliptical cover portions 15a and 15b that individually open and close both openings 12a and 12b are formed in a generally “gourd shape” connected by a constricted connecting portion 16;
(ii) As shown in FIG. 3, the cover support shaft 13 is between the openings 12 a and 12 b, at the center O of the circle C passing through the centers of the openings 12 a and 12 b and at the center O of the hooked portion 16. Attached to the bottom plate 11,
(iii) Both cover portions 15a and 15b are in a closed state in which both openings 12a and 12b are closed (the state in FIGS. 2 and 3), and in an open state in which both openings 12a and 12b are opened (in FIG. It is configured to rotate between (state).

  Here, the center of the circle C (= the center of the connecting portion 16) O is set to the center in the length direction of the opening / closing cover 14, that is, the position of half (1 / 2L) of the total length L of the cover (FIG. 3).

  The center of gravity of the entire opening / closing cover 14 is set at the same position as the center (cover rotation center) O of the connecting portion 16.

  The circle center (= cover rotation center) O may be set at a position close to the cover length instead of the center. Further, it may be set at a position that is not completely coincident with the center of gravity of the cover but slightly shifted in the left-right or up-down direction in the figure.

  Further, the cover support shaft 13 is made of a bolt, and is screwed into a screw hole 18 provided in the bottom plate 11 through a cover support shaft through hole 17 provided in the connecting portion 16 as shown in FIG. Installed on.

  As a result, the cover support shaft 13 becomes the center of rotation of the opening / closing cover 14, and the cover support shaft 13 is fastened to the bottom plate 11 so that the opening / closing cover 14 can be fixed at an arbitrary position in the rotation direction. It is configured as follows.

  Further, tightening fixing portions 19 and 19 are provided at the front ends of the cover portions 15a and 15b, respectively.

  The tightening fixing portions 19 and 19 are provided with through holes 20 and 20, respectively, and screw holes 21 and 21 (see FIGS. 1 and 4) are provided at positions corresponding to the through holes 20 and 20 in the closed state of the bottom plate 11. When the cover is closed, the open / close cover 14 can be fixed in the closed state by screwing the tightening bolts 22 and 22 into the screw holes 21 and 21 through the through holes 20 and 20 and tightening them.

  In the above configuration, at the time of non-maintenance, the opening / closing cover 14 is closed as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, and in this state, both the fastening bolts 22 and 22 (only one of them may be fastened) are fixed. At this time, the cover support shaft 13 may be tightened so as to exert a fixing force together with the tightening bolt 22, or may be loosened to such an extent that it can maintain its role as a rotation center.

  At the time of maintenance, after removing both fastening bolts 22 and 22 so that the open / close cover 14 can be rotated as shown in FIG. It is rotated 90 degrees to the right or left to open both openings 12a and 12b, and maintenance work such as drain cock operation and oil drain operation is performed.

  At this time, if the cover support shaft 13 is tightened, the open / close cover 14 can be fixed in an open state so as not to move during maintenance work.

  According to this configuration, the following effects can be obtained.

  (I) Both the openings 12a and 12b can be simultaneously opened and closed by a single opening / closing cover 14 that rotates along the surface of the bottom plate 11 around the cover support shaft 13.

  For this reason, when the two openings 12a and 12b are provided close to each other like the drain cock operation hole and the oil drain hole with respect to the fuel tank, the opening / closing cover device can be easily and inexpensively installed in a narrow space. can do.

  Moreover, the work efficiency of maintenance etc. can be improved and the labor burden of a worker can be reduced.

  (II) Since the rotation center (cover support shaft 13) of the opening / closing cover 14 is set to the center O of the circle C where the two openings 12a and 12b are arranged, two in FIG. Compared with the case where the opening / closing cover 14 is rotated on a large circle C ′ whose center is separated from the space between the two openings 12a, 12b as shown by the dotted line, the opening / closing cover 14 is rotated compactly with a small radius. Can do. For this reason, the opening / closing space and the opening / closing operation force can be small.

  (III) Since the rotation center of the opening / closing cover 14 (the position of the cover support shaft 13) is set to the center of gravity of the cover (or the vicinity thereof), the rotation operation of the opening / closing cover 14 becomes lighter and the operation burden can be further reduced. The load on the cover support shaft 13 can be reduced.

  (IV) Since the cover support shaft 13 is set substantially at the center in the length direction of the opening / closing cover 14 including the two cover portions 15a, 15b for opening and closing both the openings 12a, 12b and one connecting portion 16, The turning radius of the opening / closing cover, that is, the opening / closing space can be minimized.

  (V) Since the opening / closing cover 14 is formed by connecting the cover portions 15a and 15b with the concatenated connecting portion 16, the connecting portion 16 is unlikely to overlap the opening portions 12a and 12b when the opening portions 12a and 12b are opened. Become.

  Accordingly, the openings 12a and 12b can be provided as close as possible, which is advantageous when there is a demand to reduce the distance between the openings 12a and 12b, such as a drain cock operation hole and an oil drain hole for a fuel tank. It becomes.

  (VI) Since the fastening portions 19 and 19 for fastening and fixing to the bottom plate 11 with the fastening bolts 22 and 22 in the closed state are provided at the front ends of the cover portions 15a and 15b, the opening and closing cover 14 is vibrated. For example, it can be securely closed and fixed so as not to move in the opening direction.

  (VII) A cover support shaft through hole 17 through which the cover support shaft 13 made of a bolt is passed is provided in the connecting portion 16 of the opening / closing cover 14, and a screw hole 18 into which the cover support shaft 13 is screwed is provided in the bottom plate 11. Since the opening / closing cover 14 can be rotated while the support shaft 13 is loosened, and the opening / closing cover 14 is fixed so that it cannot be rotated when the cover support shaft 13 is tightened, the opening / closing cover 14 is opened and fixed. can do.

  For this reason, there is no possibility that the cover 14 moves in contact with a hand or a tool during maintenance work, and workability is good.

Second embodiment (see FIGS. 5 and 6)
In the following second to fourth embodiments, only differences from the first embodiment will be described.

  In the second embodiment, the fastening portions 19 and 19 on both sides of the opening and closing cover 14 are closed to the fastening bolts 22 and 22 instead of the one with the through hole 21 in the first embodiment, and the opening and closing cover 14 is closed. It is formed in a bowl shape that engages in a state and disengages in an open state.

  In this case, the opening and closing cover 14 can be fixed in a non-rotatable manner or released by tightening or loosening the tightening bolts 22, 22. Not only is it good, but the risk of losing bolts is low.

Third embodiment (see FIGS. 7 and 8)
In the third embodiment, three openings 12a, 12b, and 12c are provided in an equilateral triangle arrangement at equal intervals (120 °) on one circumference, and each of the openings 12a, 12b, and 12c is provided with these openings 12a, 12b, and 12c. The three cover portions 15a, 15b, and 15c corresponding to the above and the opening and closing cover 14 including the constricted connecting portion 16 that connects them are used.

In this third embodiment, other configurations, i.e.
(A) The cover support shaft 13 made of bolts is set at the center of the cover or near the center of the cover at the center of the open / close cover 14 (connecting portion 16),
(B) Three end portions of the opening / closing cover 14 are provided with through holes or hook-shaped tightening fixing portions 19... And the tightening bolts 22 are screwed into screw holes (not shown) of the bottom plate 11 to open and close. The cover 14 is fixed in a closed state;
Is the same as in the first or second embodiment.

  As a variation of the third embodiment, each of the openings 12a, 12b, 12c is provided not in the regular triangle arrangement as described above but in a triangle arrangement with unequal intervals, and three cover parts corresponding thereto are provided. It is also possible to adopt a configuration that opens and closes with a substantially Y-shaped opening / closing cover comprising a connecting portion.

  Also, even if there are four or more openings, if these are provided at intervals on one circumference, a configuration is adopted in which they are simultaneously opened and closed by an opening / closing cover having the same number of covers as the openings. There is a possibility to get.

  On the other hand, in the present invention, it is not always necessary to provide a tightening fixing part in each cover part.

  The cover support shaft 13 may be a pin instead of a bolt.

  Further, the present invention is not limited to the undercover device provided on the bottom surface of the upper swing body of the excavator, but various cover devices in which a plurality of openings are provided in a horizontal or vertical plate-like member and each opening needs to be opened and closed. Widely applicable to.

11 Upper frame bottom plate as a plate-like member 12a, 12b, 12c Opening portion C Circle in which opening portion is arranged 13 Cover support shaft 14 Opening / closing cover 15a, 15b, 15c Cover portion 16 Connecting portion 17 Cover support shaft through hole 18 Cover support Screw hole into which the shaft is screwed 19 Tightening fixing portion 20 Through hole through which the bolt is passed 21 Screw hole into which the bolt is screwed 22 Tightening bolt

Claims (7)

The bottom plate of the upper frame of the upper revolving structure in the excavator, the drain cock operation hole and the oil drainage hole which are a plurality of openings provided in the bottom plate and used for the fuel tank, and the cover support extending in the thickness direction of the bottom plate around the shaft rotates along the surface of the bottom plate comprises a cover which simultaneously open and close the drain cock operation hole and the oil discharge hole, the drain cock operation hole and the oil discharge hole is a circle The opening and closing cover is placed at intervals around
(i) comprising a plurality of cover portions for individually opening and closing the drain cock operation hole and the oil drain hole, and a connecting portion for connecting the cover portions;
(ii) The cover support shaft is provided in the connecting portion in a state of being located at the center of the circle between the drain cock operation hole and the oil drainage hole ,
(iii) each cover portion is rotated between the open state, located between a closed state, located to the drain cock operation hole and the oil discharge hole, and said drain cock operation hole and the oil discharge hole An opening / closing cover device characterized by being configured as described above. The center of gravity of the cover is set to the connecting portion, the opening and closing cover device according to claim 1, characterized by providing the cover supporting shaft in the center of gravity or near. The cover support shaft is set at a substantially central portion in the length direction of the opening / closing cover comprising two cover portions and one connecting portion for opening / closing the drain cock operation hole and the oil drain hole. The open / close cover device according to 1 or 2 . The open / close cover device according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the open / close cover is formed by connecting the cover portions with a constricted connecting portion. A plate-like member, a plurality of openings provided in the plate-like member, and the respective openings opened by rotating along the surface of the plate-like member around a cover support shaft extending in the thickness direction of the plate-like member. Each opening is arranged around one circle at intervals, the opening and closing cover,
(i) comprising a plurality of cover parts for individually opening and closing the openings, and a connecting part for connecting the cover parts;
(ii) The cover support shaft is provided at the connecting portion in a state of being located at the center of the circle between the openings.
(iii) The cover portions are configured to rotate between a closed state positioned at the openings and an open state positioned between the openings,
The the tip of the cover portion, the cover opening and closing cover device you characterized in that a fixing part clamping fastening and fixing to the plate-like member by a bolt tightened with the closed state. 6. The opening / closing cover device according to claim 5 , wherein the tightening fixing portion is formed in a hook shape that engages with the tightening bolt when the opening of the opening / closing cover is closed and separates when the opening is opened. A plate-like member, a plurality of openings provided in the plate-like member, and the respective openings opened by rotating along the surface of the plate-like member around a cover support shaft extending in the thickness direction of the plate-like member. Each opening is arranged around one circle at intervals, the opening and closing cover,
(i) comprising a plurality of cover parts for individually opening and closing the openings, and a connecting part for connecting the cover parts;
(ii) The cover support shaft is provided at the connecting portion in a state of being located at the center of the circle between the openings.
(iii) The cover portions are configured to rotate between a closed state positioned at the openings and an open state positioned between the openings,
A cover support shaft through-hole through which a cover support shaft made of a bolt is passed is provided at the connecting portion of the open / close cover, and a screw hole into which the cover support shaft is screwed is provided in the plate-like member to loosen the cover support shaft. and the cover is rotatable in a state, open the closed cover device you characterized by being configured as the cover in a state in which tightened the cover support shaft is fixed so as not to rotate.

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