JP6114584B2 - 測定データに関する基準値の決定方法、基準値を用いた測定データの評価方法 - Google Patents
測定データに関する基準値の決定方法、基準値を用いた測定データの評価方法 Download PDFInfo
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Description
本発明は以下を包含する。
特定した遺伝子型に基づいて上記所定の集団を複数の亜集団に分割し、亜集団を構成する各個体の測定データに基づいて、これら亜集団についてそれぞれ基準値を算出する工程とを備える基準値決定方法。
比較の結果、上記測定項目について当該個体について測定された上記測定データが正常値であるか異常値であるか判断する工程とを備える基準値を用いた測定データの評価方法。
また、本発明に係る基準値を用いた測定データの評価方法では、上述のように算出された基準値を利用することによって、個体について測定された測定データを高精度評価することができ、第1種過誤及び第2種過誤の発生率を低減できる。
上述の方法によれば、LDH(lactate dehydrogenase;乳酸脱水素酵素)を測定項目としたときに以下のようにして、遺伝子型に基づいて基準値を決定することができ、決定した基準値を用いて所定の個人について測定したLDH値を評価することができる。
実施例1では、先ず、LDHの値と関連する一塩基多型(SNP)を特定した。具体的には、HumanOmni 2.5-8 Bead Chip Kits (Illumina, San Diego, CA)を用いた大規模SNP遺伝子型タイピングにより得られた、2,994人、1,333,978個のSNPに関する情報を使用した。ただし、2,994人の中で2人にはLDHの値は無く、LDHとSNPの関連についての解析は2,992人について行われた。解析はPLINK version 1.0.6.(Am J Hum Genet. 81:559-75, 2007)を用い、SNPの遺伝子型と形質との関連の検定は線形回帰により行われた(性別と年齢で補正した)。
本実施例2では、実施例1で特定したLDHと関連するSNPのうちkgp5735743を例とし、当該SNPの遺伝子型に基づいて基準値を算出する方法を記載する。ただし、表3に列挙した他のSNPについても、本実施例2に示す方法によって基準値の算出に利用できることは明らかである。
1.標準正規分布の累積分布関数をΦとし、LDHの全体基準値の上限をxIU/Lとする(今回の例ではx=229.4である)。
2.Gi遺伝子型(例えばAA)の集団におけるLDHの平均μi、標準偏差σiより、pi=1-Φ((x-μi)/σi)を計算すると、piがこのi番目の遺伝子型で全体基準値に入らない割合である。
本実施例3では、回帰分析により求めたパラメータを用いて基準値を算出する方法を示す。なお、実施例2に示した方法では、遺伝子型ごとに分割した亜集団に含まれる個体数が小さく、計算された平均や標準偏差の信頼性が低い場合がある。そのような場合、個々の遺伝子型ごとに平均や標準偏差を算出するのではなく、標本内の全データを用い各遺伝子型ごとの平均を算出する方が信頼できる値を得られる事が多い。また、遺伝子型ごとの標準偏差を共通としても、ほとんど問題が無い事が多い。このように標準偏差を共通と仮定して推定する方が、遺伝子型ごとのデータのみで推定するより信頼できる値が得られる事が多い。
あるいは、残差標準偏差の推定値
本実施例では、所定の臨床検査値(測定項目)に複数のSNP(独立の座位の遺伝子型)が関連する場合に、遺伝子型に基づく亜集団について基準値を算出する方法について記載する。
Claims (10)
- 所定の測定項目に関して、所定の集団を構成する各個体から取得した測定データと、当該集団を構成する各個体の遺伝子型データとに基づいて上記測定項目と関連する遺伝子型を特定する工程と、
特定した遺伝子型に基づいて上記所定の集団を複数の亜集団に分割し、亜集団を構成する各個体の測定データに基づいて、これら亜集団についてそれぞれ基準値を算出する工程とを備える基準値決定方法。 - 上記基準値は、上記亜集団を構成する各個体について取得した測定データの平均値及び標準偏差から算出することを特徴とする請求項1記載の基準値決定方法。
- 上記基準値は、上記亜集団を構成する各個体について取得した測定データから回帰分析により算出することを特徴とする請求項1記載の基準値決定方法。
- 上記亜集団は、所定の遺伝子座における遺伝子型の種類に対応することを特徴とする請求項1記載の基準値決定方法。
- 上記基準値は、上記亜集団を構成する各個人の95%が含まれる範囲を画する数値であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の基準値決定方法。
- 上記測定項目は、臨床検査項目であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の基準値決定方法。
- 上記臨床検査項目が乳酸脱水素酵素活性であり、上記遺伝子型はCD163L1にて特定されるスカベンジャー受容体-システインリッチ−タイプ1−タンパク質をコードする遺伝子内に存在する一塩基多型に関する遺伝子型であることを特徴とする請求項6記載の基準値決定方法。
- 上記測定項目について、各個体から上記測定データを取得する工程を更に含むことを特徴とする請求項1記載の基準値決定方法。
- 請求項1乃至9いずれか一項記載の基準値決定方法により、所定の測定項目に関連して特定された複数の亜集団のそれぞれに決定された基準値のうち、評価対象の個体における遺伝子型データに基づいて、当該個体が分類される亜集団の基準値と当該個体について測定された上記測定項目に関する測定データとを比較する工程と、
比較の結果、上記測定項目について当該個体について測定された上記測定データが正常値であるか異常値であるか判断する工程とを備える基準値を用いた測定データの評価方法。
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