JP6168865B2 - A ship with an aerial ladder on the bow side - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a ship that slides on the surface of water or soil, and more particularly, to a ship that is easy to turn using a propeller, rudder, or the like provided on a deck.

  In general, in a ship that travels on shallow water or soil mud, a propeller and rudder are installed on the deck, and the bottom of the ship is almost flat so that it can travel on the water and soil (Patent Literature). 1). In this way, since the bottom of the ship is in a substantially flat state, for example, when traveling while spraying herbicide in a shallow place such as a paddy field, the bottom of the ship may come into contact with the bottom of the water. Nothing will happen.

  However, when the bottom of the ship is made flat in this way, there is an advantage that contact with the bottom of the water can be prevented. On the other hand, not only does the straight running stability deteriorate, but the rudder on the rear side is changed to change the direction. For example, as shown in FIG. 10, there is a problem that only the rear side changes direction and the ship itself goes straight for a while. For this reason, conventionally, a pair of propellers and rudders are provided on the left and right sides, and these propellers and rudders are independently driven to give moments to change directions.

JP 09-233985 A

  However, the structure in which a pair of left and right propellers are provided and swiveled as described above has the following problems.

  That is, when a pair of left and right propellers are provided on such a ship, not only is the cost high, but the hull itself becomes heavy, and the ship bottom may come into contact with the water bottom. Furthermore, even if the propellers are provided on the left and right as described above, generally, since the width of the hull is narrow, a large moment for rotation cannot be given. Cannot change direction.

  Therefore, the present invention has been made paying attention to the above problems, and provides a ship that can quickly change direction when a propeller, rudder or the like is provided on a deck and the water surface or mud slides. With the goal.

That is, the ship of the present invention, in order to solve the above problems, a rotatable propeller which is provided on the deck, and the steering of the right and left provided on the aerial parts of the way after the propeller, the hull longitudinal Left and right plate-like aerial ladders that are provided on the bow side of the center and stand along the longitudinal direction, and are turned using a rudder provided in the aerial part behind the aerial ladder and the propeller. It is what I did .

  In such an invention, the aerial ladder is provided only on the bow side from the center in the longitudinal direction of the hull.

  Furthermore, the aerial ladder is provided on the bow side of the tank provided on the deck.

  In addition, the air ladder is set to a height within a range of ± 30% with respect to the height of the tank provided on the deck.

According to the present invention, when the rotating hull steered ship caudal, bow side aerial ladder provided can give such lift or resistance to, a stern and quickly rotate the bow-side rotation You will be able to turn in the direction. Then, by turning the stern side in the rotation direction, the vehicle can quickly travel in the rotation direction.

Schematic side view showing a ship showing an embodiment of the present invention Schematic plan view of the ship in the same form Front schematic view of the ship in the same form The figure which shows the rudder in the same form The figure which shows the direction change of the ship in the form The figure which shows the transverse flow at the time of the straight advance of the ship in the same form The figure which changes the direction of the bow of the ship in the same form The figure which inclines the aerial ladder in other embodiment The figure which changes the angle of the aerial ladder in other embodiment The figure which shows the direction change of the ship in the conventional example

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  The ship 1 in this embodiment is, for example, capable of spraying herbicide while traveling in a paddy field, and as shown in FIG. 1, a hull 2 floated on a relatively shallow water surface, and its A herbicide spreader 3 provided in the hull 2, a propeller 4 that blows wind backward, and a rudder 5 provided behind the propeller 4 are configured. Characteristically, an upright plate-like aerial ladder 22 is provided on the bow side from the longitudinal center of the hull 2, thereby ensuring straight running stability and promptly moving the bow side when changing directions. It is rotated so that the stern side can be directed in the direction of rotation. Hereinafter, the structure of the ship 1 in this Embodiment is demonstrated in detail.

  First, the hull 2 that constitutes the ship 1 is made of polyethylene having a thickness of about 1 to 5 mm so as to form a rectangular shape in a plan view. This makes it possible to drive even in shallow paddy fields. Further, no projection such as a center board or a keel is provided on the bottom side of the hull 2 so that it does not contact the bottom of a shallow paddy field. However, if no protrusion is provided on the bottom surface side in this way, contact with the bottom of the water can be prevented, but there is a drawback of lack of straight running stability and steerability, and even if the rudder 5 is turned off for a while. Will remain straight ahead. For this reason, in order to improve the straight running stability to some extent without providing such protrusions, as shown in FIG. 3, a plurality of recesses 21 along the longitudinal direction are provided on the ship bottom.

  The herbicide spreader 3 provided on the hull 2 is adapted to spray a material to be sprayed such as herbicide on a paddy field, and the herbicide in a tank 30 provided on the central axis of the hull 2. Can be sprayed. Here, when spraying the herbicide, the discharge amount from the nozzle 32 is adjusted according to the speed of the ship 1. Here, a supply pipe 31 that supplies exhaust gas of the engine 40 that is a driving source of the propeller 4 to the tank 30 is attached to the tank 30, and the inside of the tank 30 is pressurized by the supply pipe 31. Then, the herbicide discharged by the pressure is sprayed from the rear nozzle 32 to the paddy field. Here, the spraying amount can be adjusted by the exhaust pressure, but the discharge amount of the herbicide may be adjusted by adjusting the hole diameter of the nozzle 32, or the discharge amount may be adjusted. Instead, a constant amount of herbicide may be discharged. In addition, when spraying the herbicide, it is sprayed to the paddy field from the rear nozzle 32, but it is discharged from the tank 30 toward the propeller 4, and the herbicide is diffused and sprayed from the propeller 4. Also good.

  On the other hand, the propeller 4 is provided rearward from the center of the upper surface of the hull 2, and a propulsion force rearward can be obtained by rotating the plurality of propellers 4 by the engine 40. The engine 40 is provided on the central axis of the hull 2 and can be driven by gasoline stored in the fuel tank 44.

  As shown in FIG. 2, a pair of rudder 5 provided behind the propeller 4 is provided at a certain interval in the left-right direction of the hull 2, and as shown in FIG. Are connected by a hinge 55 on the rear end side of the first blade 51 and the second blade 56 is set to have a relatively short length in the X-axis direction. Is provided. Among these, the first blade 51 can be rotated around a first rotation shaft provided near the center thereof, and the angle can be adjusted using the first actuator 52 attached to the hull 2. It has become. At this time, the angle of the first blade 51 is set in the direction along the X axis during normal forward travel, and the axis of the X axis during reverse travel as shown in FIG. It is set within the range of 60 to 80 degrees on the left and right outer sides of the hull 2 from the direction. When the angle is changed to the maximum in this way, the rear end side is positioned in the vicinity of the outside of the rotation radius of the propeller 4 (preferably outside the propeller 4) in plan view. When the angle of the first blade 51 is changed, as shown in FIG. 4, the connecting member 54 from the first actuator 52 is attached to an L-shaped plate piece 53 attached to the lower side of the first blade 51. The angle of the first blade 51 is controlled by connecting and advancing and retracting the connecting member 54 in the axial direction. Note that the angle adjustment of the first blade 51 is controlled by the control unit 61 of the controller 6 described later, like the engine 40.

  On the other hand, the second blade 56 is connected by a hinge 55 provided on the rear end side of the first blade 51, and an angle with the first blade 51 can be adjusted by a second actuator 57. When adjusting the angle of the second blade 56, the second connection is made between the second actuator 57 attached to the first blade 51 and the L-shaped plate piece 58 attached to the lower side of the second blade 56. A member 59 is attached, and the second blade 56 is controlled so that the second connecting member 59 is advanced and retracted in the axial direction. The control of the second blade 56 is also controlled together with the first blade 51 by the controller 61 of the controller 6.

  This control unit 61 is provided in the controller 6 of the radio control shown in FIG. 1, and includes a first joystick 62 tilted in the vertical direction and a second joystick 63 tilted in the left-right direction. The Then, the engine 40 is rotated in the forward direction by tilting the first joystick 62 upward, and conversely, the engine 40 is rotated in the reverse direction by tilting downward. The second joystick 63 is tilted to the right so that the rudder 5 can be turned to the right to turn right, and conversely, the left joystick 63 can be turned to the left by tilting to the left.

  In such a configuration, a plate-like aerial ladder 22 along the longitudinal direction is provided on the bow side of the hull 2. This aerial ladder 22 is provided so as to stand up from the deck along the longitudinal direction of the hull 2, while ensuring straight running stability when going straight, and quickly rotating the bow side when turning. Turn the stern side in the direction of rotation.

  Here, a first embodiment of the aerial ladder 22 will be described. In the first embodiment, a pair of aerial ladders 22 are provided on the starboard side and the port side. The pair of the starboard side and the port side provided in this way is a portion where the air flow becomes worse because the tank 30 and the engine 40 are provided on the center axis of the hull 2 and the air flow becomes worse. This is because it is easy to generate lift and drag by providing it. Further, when the air ladder 22 is provided on the left and right in this way, it is possible to increase the lift and drag on the bow side without increasing the height of the air ladder 22 and to reduce the influence of the crosswind caused by raising the air ladder 22. be able to. Here, the height of the aerial ladder 22 is taken into consideration with respect to the height of the tank 30 which is a convex object provided at the center of the hull as shown in FIG. It is good to set the height within a range of 30%. In this way, when the crosswind is applied, the air is uniformly applied to the aerial ladder 22 having the same height as that of the tank 30, so that only the bow does not rotate due to the crosswind. Further, the mounting position of the aerial ladder 22 is provided only on the bow side of the center of the hull 2 in the longitudinal direction. That is, when the aerial ladder 22 is provided in the entire longitudinal direction of the hull 2, even if the rudder 5 is turned, the vector center of the lift and drag of the aerial ladder 22 becomes the center position of the hull 2, and only the bow side rotates. It can no longer be made. For this reason, at least the aerial ladder 22 is provided closer to the bow than the center in the longitudinal direction of the hull 2.

  The effect | action at the time of rotating the ship 1 comprised in this way is demonstrated.

  First, as shown in FIG. 6 (below), when the ship 1 is moved straight, air flows in the longitudinal direction of the hull 2, and this air flows to the aerial ladder 22 provided on the starboard side and port side of the hull 2. , Straight running stability can be ensured. Further, when a cross wind is applied when the ship 1 is traveling straight in this way (FIG. 6 (upper figure)), the aerial ladder 22 on the bow side and the tank 30 which is a convex object, the engine 40, the rudder on the rear side 5 or the like, and the direction of the bow can be maintained without the hull 2 rotating.

  Next, the case where the direction of the ship 1 is changed is shown in FIG. When the rudder 5 is turned to either one from the straight traveling state, the stern is shaken and the hull 2 is rotated. However, in this state, since a large protrusion such as a keel is not provided on the bottom side of the ship, the hull 2 is in a straight state for a while (the state of FIG. 10). However, in this embodiment, the hull 2 is rotated by turning the rudder 5, and at that time, air is applied to the aerial ladder 22 provided on the bow side from an oblique direction, and lift and drag are generated by the air. The bow side can be rotated quickly. Then, by rotating the bow side, the stern side can be directed in the direction of rotation (see FIG. 7 (see above)), and the air from the propeller 4 is output in that direction and travels in that direction. Will be able to.

As described above, according to the embodiment, the propeller 4 provided on the deck, the left and right rudder 5 provided in the hollow portion behind the propeller 4, and the bow side of the hull 2 in the longitudinal direction. Left and right plate-like aerial ladders 22 standing up along the longitudinal direction, and using the left and right aerial ladders 22 and the left and right rudder 5 provided in the aerial part behind the propeller 4. Since it is made to turn, when the hull 2 rotates by turning the rudder 5 on the stern side, lift or drag can be given to the aerial ladder 22 provided on the bow side, and the bow side can be rotated quickly. The stern can be turned in the direction of rotation. Then, by turning the stern side in the rotation direction, the vehicle can quickly travel in the rotation direction.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment, It can implement in a various aspect.

  For example, in the above embodiment, the aerial ladder 22 is provided upright on the deck. However, as shown in FIG. 8, the aerial ladder 22 is placed between the upright state (dashed line) and the horizontal state (solid line). It may be switched with Then, when the hull crosses due to a strong crosswind, the air ladder 22 may be placed in a horizontal state so as not to be affected by the crosswind. The switching between the standing state and the horizontal state of the aerial ladder 22 can be performed by, for example, attaching the aerial ladder 22 to the hull with a hinge 23 so as to be rotatable and using a driving source such as a solenoid or a motor (not shown). It may be.

  In the above embodiment, the aerial ladder 22 is provided on the starboard side and the port side. However, the mounting position and number of these are not limited to this, and only one piece may be provided. Or three or more sheets may be sufficient.

  Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the aerial ladder 22 is configured by a single plate-like member. However, as shown in the conceptual diagram of FIG. The angle may be changed by using the controller 6 so that it can be bent. As such a method of changing the angle, for example, in conjunction with the angle of the rudder 5, the variable blade 24 of the aerial ladder 22 is cut so as to have the same angle as that of the rudder 5 so that the direction can be changed quickly. Good. In this way, when the hull 2 is rotated by turning the rudder 5 at the rear, the wind in the oblique direction hitting the bow side can be applied to the wing-like aerial ladder 22, and a larger lift and drag can be generated to generate the bow. The side can be rotated quickly.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although demonstrated taking the case of the model ship 1 which spreads to-be-spread materials, such as a herbicide and a fertilizer, to a paddy field, the ship (including a hovercraft etc.) etc. which convey a person, a luggage, etc. It can also be applied to. However, in this case, since the visibility from the cockpit becomes worse when the aerial ladder 22 is provided, it is preferable that the aerial ladder 22 is made tiltable and the aerial ladder 22 is made of a transparent member. .

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Ship 2 ... Hull 22 ... Aerial ladder 23 ... Hinge 24 ... Variable wing 3 ... Herbicide spreader 30 ... Tank 31 ... Supply pipe 32 ... Nozzle 4 ... propeller 40 ... engine 5 ... rudder 51 ... first blade 52 ... first actuator 53 ... plate piece 54 ... connecting member 55 ... hinge 56 ... Second blade 57 ... second actuator 58 ... plate piece 59 ... connecting member 6 ... controller 61 ... control unit 62 ... first joystick 63 ... second joystick

Claims (4)

A rotatable propeller provided on the deck;
Left and right rudder provided on aerial parts of the way after the propeller,
Left and right plate-shaped air ladders that are provided on the bow side from the center in the longitudinal direction of the hull and stand up along the longitudinal direction;
Provided,
A ship which is made to turn using the left and right aerial ladders and the left and right rudder provided in the aerial part behind the propeller . The ship according to claim 1, wherein the aerial ladder is provided only on the bow side of the ship in the longitudinal direction . The ship according to claim 1, wherein the aerial ladder is provided on a bow side of a tank provided on a deck . The ship according to claim 3, wherein the aerial ladder is set to a height within a range of ± 30% with respect to a height of a tank provided on the deck.

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