JP6038744B2 - Fine particle capturing material, fine particle removing apparatus, and method for producing fine particle capturing material - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a particulate trapping material that traps particulates in an aqueous solution, a particulate removal device using the particulate trapping material, a test piece used in the particulate removal device, and a method for manufacturing the particulate trapping material.

  Some air conditioning / cooling / heating devices, such as industrial chillers and heating / hot water supply devices, perform heat exchange by circulating water as a heat medium through a circulation channel using iron piping. In such products, the dissolved oxygen in the circulating water reacts with the iron piping in the circulation channel to generate iron rust, and the generated iron rust adheres to the inside of the heat exchanger and reduces the heat efficiency of the heat exchanger. The flow path in the heat exchanger may be blocked.

  Since iron rust has many fine particles with an average diameter of about 5 to 10 μm and is difficult to remove with a filter of a porous filter medium, in an air conditioner / cooler having a circulation channel using an iron pipe, It was necessary to wash the inside with a chemical solution such as an acid solution to dissolve and remove the iron rust inside.

  On the other hand, there has been proposed a potential adsorption filter device that adsorbs and removes fine particle components exhibiting a negative zeta potential in an aqueous solution by an adsorption action of a positive zeta potential. According to this apparatus, it is possible to remove fine particles having a diameter of about 0.4 to 10 μm (see, for example, Patent Document 1). In Patent Document 1, as a potential adsorption cartridge housed in a housing of a potential adsorption filter device, a cell comprising a resin, cellulose, a medium having a positive zeta potential, a polypropylene separator, and an edge seal is a polypropylene ring seal. The thing assembled with the core made from a polypropylene is pinched | interposed between them (refer FIG. 2 of patent document 1).

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-211625

  By the way, since many resins exhibit a negative zeta potential when immersed in an aqueous solution, the potential adsorption filter described in Patent Document 1 is composed of resin and cellulose and is a positive zeta. It is necessary to use special media with electric potential, and there is a problem that the structure becomes complicated. In addition, the potential adsorption cartridge described in the cited document 1 removes fine particles having a diameter of about 0.4 to 10 μm because the aqueous solution containing the fine particles adsorbs the fine particles to the medium due to a potential difference when passing through the medium. However, like a porous filter medium, there is a problem in that it becomes clogged during use and it is necessary to frequently change media.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to effectively remove fine particles with a simple configuration.

The fine particle capturing material of the present invention is a fine particle capturing material for capturing fine particles in an aqueous solution, and is composed of a base material made of a material having the same sign potential as the surface potential of the fine particles in the aqueous solution, and the base material formed on the surface of and have a, and a recess for trapping the particulates, said recess having a rising portion on either side of the bottom surface and the bottom surface, deeper than the average diameter of the fine particles, 2 the average size of the fine particles The width is more than double, and a plurality of the fine particles that have entered the recesses are aggregated and captured .

In diesel particulate material of the present invention, the recess, that the width increases as the depth Kunar also suitable as.

In diesel particulate material of the present invention, when capturing the particulates potential of the surface in an aqueous solution is negative, the substrate is acrylonitrile, butadiene, styrene copolymer synthetic resin (ABS), polyethylene (PE) , Polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, polytetrafluoroethylene, polymethyl methacrylate, polycarbonate, polyamideimide, polyacetal, and silicone.

In diesel particulate material of the present invention, when capturing the particulates potential of the surface in an aqueous solution is positive, the substrate is calcium carbonate, aluminum oxide, copper oxide, iron hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, oxide It is also preferable that it is made of any material of nickel, nickel hydroxide, and zinc oxide.

  In the fine particle capturing material of the present invention, it is also preferable that the base material is a columnar, cylindrical, or bowl-shaped pellet.

In diesel particulate material of the present invention, the depth of the recess is 10 Baihitsuji Mitsuru average diameter before Symbol particles, the width of the recess, even be 50 Baihitsuji Mitsuru average size of the fine particles It is also preferable that a plurality of types of the recesses having different widths are formed on the surface of one substrate.

The fine particle removal device of the present invention is a fine particle removal device that removes fine particles in an aqueous solution, and includes a container having an inlet and an outlet of an aqueous solution, and a fine particle trapping material housed in the container, The fine particle capturing material has a base material made of a material having the same sign potential as the surface potential of the fine particles in an aqueous solution, and a recess formed on the surface of the base material for capturing the fine particles. The concave portion has a bottom surface and rising portions on both sides of the bottom surface, and is deeper than the average diameter of the fine particles and is more than twice the average diameter of the fine particles, and a plurality of the fine particles that have entered the concave portion. It is characterized by being aggregated and captured .

In particulate filter of the present invention, the concave portion of the front Symbol diesel particulate material, that the width as deeper increases, it is also preferable.

In particulate filter of the present invention, the fine particles of depth and width of the recess corresponds to the average diameter of the fine particles having a different type of the diesel particulate material, is accommodated in the outlet side of the aqueous solution of the container The depth and width of the concave portion of the trapping material are smaller than the depth and width of the concave portion of the particulate trapping material stored on the inlet side of the aqueous solution of the container, respectively, and stored on the outlet side of the aqueous solution of the container. the average diameter of the fine particles to be trapped in the diesel particulate material, smaller than the average diameter of the fine particles to be trapped in the diesel particulate material to be accommodated in the inlet side of the aqueous solution of the container, it is also preferable.

In particulate filter of the present invention, it comprises a plurality of containers arranged along the flow of the aqueous solution, the diesel particulate material of a plurality of types depth and different widths of the concave portion corresponding to the average diameter of the fine particles, The depth and width of the concave portion of the particulate trapping material stored in the container downstream of the aqueous solution flow are the depth of the concave portion of the particulate trapping material stored in the container upstream of the aqueous solution flow of the container. are both units smaller than the width, the average diameter of the fine particles to be trapped in the diesel particulate material to be housed in the downstream side of the container flow of the aqueous solution, of the diesel particulate material to be accommodated on the upstream side of the container flow of the aqueous solution smaller than the average diameter of the particles to be captured, it is also preferable.

In particulate filter of the present invention, the base material of the diesel particulate material, when capturing the particulates potential of the surface is negative in an aqueous solution, acrylonitrile, butadiene, styrene copolymer synthetic resin (ABS) , Polyethylene (PE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, polytetrafluoroethylene, polymethyl methacrylate, polycarbonate, polyamideimide, polyacetal, and silicone, Is also suitable.

In particulate filter of the present invention, the base material of the diesel particulate material, when capturing the particulates potential of the surface in an aqueous solution is plus, calcium carbonate, aluminum oxide, copper oxide, iron hydroxide, It is also suitable as being composed of any material of magnesium hydroxide, nickel oxide, nickel hydroxide, and zinc oxide.

In particulate filter of the present invention, the base material of the diesel particulate material, it is a pellet of cylindrical or cylindrical or saddle shape, it is also preferable.

In particulate filter of the present invention, the depth of the concave portion of the diesel particulate material is a 10 Baihitsuji full of average diameter of the fine particles is acquisition target, the width of the recess 50 of the average size of the fine particles it Baihitsuji is fully, it is also preferable.

The method for producing a fine particle capturing material for capturing fine particles in an aqueous solution of the present invention comprises a step of preparing a base material made of a material having the same sign potential as the surface potential of the fine particles in an aqueous solution, Containing the base material and the surface ground fine particle material having a hardness higher than that of the base material, and vibrating or rotating the container to bring the surface ground fine particle material into contact with the surface of the base material. seen containing a step of forming a recess in the surface of capturing the fine particles, wherein the surface grinding particulate material is fine particles of larger grinding wheel than the average diameter of the fine particles the average diameter of the acquisition target, the recess The depth of the concave portion is deeper than the average diameter of the fine particles and less than 10 times the average diameter of the fine particles, and the width of the concave portion is at least twice the average diameter of the fine particles. Forming less than 50 times the average diameter Rukoto, characterized by.

The method for producing a particulate trapping material for capturing particulates in an aqueous solution of the present invention comprises a step of preparing a base material made of a material having the same sign potential as the surface potential of the particulates in an aqueous solution, A step of immersing the base material therein to form a concave portion for capturing the fine particles on the surface of the base material , wherein the step of forming the concave portion has a depth of the concave portion larger than an average diameter of the fine particles. Further, the depth is less than 10 times the average diameter of the fine particles, and the width of the recess is more than twice the average diameter of the fine particles and less than 50 times the average diameter of the fine particles .

  In the method for producing a fine particle capturing material for capturing fine particles in an aqueous solution of the present invention, the substrate is preferably a columnar, cylindrical, or bowl-shaped pellet.

The method of manufacturing a diesel particulate material to capture particulates in an aqueous solution of the present invention, the step of preparing the substrate, when capturing the particulates potential of the surface in an aqueous solution is minus, acrylonitrile, butadiene, Copolymerized synthetic resin of styrene (ABS), polyethylene (PE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, polytetrafluoroethylene, polymethyl methacrylate, polycarbonate, polyamideimide, polyacetal, silicone It is also preferable to prepare the resin as the base material.

The method of manufacturing a diesel particulate material to capture particulates in an aqueous solution of the present invention, the step of preparing the substrate, when capturing the particulates potential of the surface in an aqueous solution is plus, calcium carbonate, oxide It is also preferable to prepare any one of aluminum, copper oxide, iron hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, nickel oxide, nickel hydroxide, and zinc oxide as the base material.

In particulate filter of the present invention, or disconnect freely mounted on the inlet side or outlet side of the front SL container, it is formed on the surface of the flat plate made of a material having a potential of the same sign as the potential of the surface of the particles in an aqueous solution And having a test piece that is deeper than the average diameter of the fine particles, is at least twice as wide as the average diameter of the fine particles, and has a recess that aggregates and captures the plurality of fine particles that have entered the fine particles. Is preferred.

In the fine particle removing apparatus of the present invention, the test piece is also preferably provided with a plurality of types of concave portions having different widths formed on the surface of one flat plate .

  The present invention has an effect that fine particles can be effectively removed with a simple configuration.

It is the top view and sectional drawing which show the structure of the fine particle capture | acquisition material in embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the process by which microparticles | fine-particles are capture | acquired by the microparticles | fine-particles capture material in embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the process by which microparticles | fine-particles are capture | acquired by the microparticles | fine-particles capture material in embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the process by which microparticles | fine-particles are capture | acquired by the microparticles | fine-particles capture material in embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the process by which microparticles | fine-particles are capture | acquired by the microparticles | fine-particles capture material in embodiment of this invention. It is a graph which shows the change of the electrostatic repulsive force with respect to the distance of microparticles | fine-particles, the intermolecular force (attraction), and the synthetic force of an electrostatic repulsive force and an intermolecular force. It is a figure which shows the change of the adhesion amount of the microparticles | fine-particles on the surface of a fine particle capture material with respect to the width | variety X of the recessed part of the fine particle capture material shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the change of the adhesion amount of the microparticles | fine-particles on the surface of a fine particle capture material with respect to the depth Y of the recessed part of the fine particle capture material shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the fine particle capture | acquisition material in other embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the process in which microparticles | fine-particles are capture | acquired by the microparticles | fine-particles capture material in other embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the pellet-shaped fine particle capture | acquisition material in embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the manufacturing method of the pellet-shaped fine particle capture | acquisition material in embodiment of this invention. It is a systematic diagram of an air-conditioning / cooling system provided with a particulate removing device using the particulate trapping material of the present invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the other structure of the fine particle removal apparatus using the fine particle capture | acquisition material of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the other structure of the fine particle removal apparatus using the fine particle capture | acquisition material of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the other microparticle capture | acquisition material in embodiment of this invention. It is another systematic diagram of an air-conditioning and a cooling-heat system provided with the fine particle removal apparatus using the fine particle capture | acquisition material of this invention. It is a systematic diagram which shows arrangement | positioning of the test piece used for the fine particle removal apparatus using the fine particle capture | acquisition material of this invention.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, the particulate trapping material 10 of the present invention is formed on a substrate 11 made of a material having the same sign potential as that of the surface of the particulate 20 in an aqueous solution, and on the surface of the substrate 11. And a recess 12 for capturing the fine particles 20. Here, the surface potential of the fine particles 20 and the surface potential of the substrate 11 mean a zeta potential. The same applies hereinafter. In addition, the shape of the recessed part 12 shown in FIGS. 1-10 represents the actual shape typically for description.

  When the substrate 11 captures fine particles 20 having a negative surface potential in an aqueous solution, acrylonitrile, butadiene, styrene copolymer synthetic resin (ABS), polyethylene (PE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polypropylene In case of capturing fine particles 20 composed of any resin such as polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, polytetrafluoroethylene, polymethyl methacrylate, polycarbonate, polyamideimide, polyacetal, and silicone, and having a positive surface potential in an aqueous solution Is made of any material of calcium carbonate, aluminum oxide, copper oxide, iron hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, nickel oxide, nickel hydroxide, and zinc oxide.

Concave portions 12 for capturing the fine particles 20 are formed on the surface of the substrate 11. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, as shown in FIG. 1B, the recess 12 is a linear groove having a flat bottom surface 18 and rising portions 14 rising from both ends of the bottom surface 18. The description will be made assuming that the recess 12 is arranged so as to extend parallel to the longitudinal direction. The rising portions 14 of the adjacent recesses 12 are connected by a top portion 16. As shown in FIG. 1B, the angle of the rising portion 14 with respect to the bottom surface 18 has a shape that becomes shallower from θ ₂ to θ _{0 as} it approaches the top. In this embodiment, θ ₀ is about 30 °, θ ₁ is about 45 °, and θ ₂ is about 60 °. However, the present invention is not limited to this shape, and a larger angle may be used. Good. The width X of the concave portion 12 is the distance between the top portions 16 at both ends of the rising portion 14 (the distance between the center lines 91 of the top portion 16), and the depth Y of the concave portion is from the top portion 16 to the concave portion in FIG. 12 to the bottom surface 18. The recess 12 is formed such that the depth Y is not less than the average diameter d _{p of the} fine particles 20 to be captured, and the width X is not less than twice the average diameter d _p of the fine particles 20 to be captured. ing.

  As shown in FIG. 1, when the particulate trapping material 10 is immersed in an aqueous solution, ions having opposite charges to the substrate 11 are attracted to the bottom surface 18 of the recess 12 and the surface of the rising portion 14 of the substrate 11, respectively. An electric fixing layer is formed, and sliding surfaces 13 and 15 are formed on the outside thereof. The potential of the sliding surfaces 13 and 15 with respect to the electrically neutral zero point is the zeta potential and is the potential of the surface of the substrate 11. Since ions in the aqueous solution diffuse as the distance from the surface of the recess 12 of the base material 11 increases, it gradually becomes electrically neutral (zero potential). Similarly, the fine particle 20 is formed with a fixed layer in which ions having opposite charges to the fine particle main body 21 are attracted to the outside of the fine particle main body 21, and a sliding surface 22 is formed on the outer side thereof. The potential of the sliding surface 22 is the zeta potential and the potential of the surface of the fine particle 20. Similar to the base material 11, ions in the aqueous solution diffuse as they move away from the surface of the fine particles 20, and the potential becomes neutral (zero potential). In the present embodiment, the zeta potential of the sliding surface 22 of the fine particle 20 and the zeta potential of the sliding surfaces 13 and 15 of the base material 11 have the same sign, for example, both negative or positive potential.

  As shown in FIG. 1, consider a fine particle 20 in the vicinity of a line 92 having a constant height H from the bottom surface 18 of the recess 12. The distance between the sliding surface 22 of the fine particle 20 and each of the sliding surfaces 13 and 15 of the substrate 11 is the shortest when the center of the fine particle 20 is located on the center line 91 of the top portion 16, and the position of the fine particle 20 is the same. The distance between the sliding surface 22 of the fine particle 20 and each of the sliding surfaces 13 and 15 of the substrate 11 gradually increases toward the center of the recess 12 (in the direction of the bottom surface 18) (slip between the sliding surface 22 of the fine particle 20 and the rising portion 14). When the fine particle 20 is positioned immediately above the bottom surface 18 of the recess 12, the distance between the sliding surface 22 of the fine particle 20 and the sliding surfaces 13, 15 of the substrate 11 is the sliding surface. 22 is the distance between the sliding surface 13 of the bottom surface 18 and the maximum distance. Therefore, the electrostatic repulsive force from the base material 11 applied to the fine particles 20 in the vicinity of the line 92 having a constant height H from the bottom surface 18 of the recess 12 is such that the fine particles 20 are located on the center line 91 of the top portion 16. The maximum is the case, and the fine particles 20 decrease toward the bottom surface 18 of the recess 12, and the minimum is when the fine particles 20 are located immediately above the bottom surface 18 of the recess 12. That is, the region of the bottom surface 18 of the recess 12 is a region Xw where the electrostatic repulsive force from the substrate 11 to the fine particles 20 in the vicinity of the line 92 having a constant height H from the bottom surface 18 of the recess 12 is weak. Conversely, in the regions of the rising portions 14 on both sides of the bottom surface 18 of the recess 12, the electrostatic repulsive force from the base material 11 on the fine particles 20 in the vicinity of the line 92 having a constant height H from the bottom surface 18 of the recess 12 is lower than the bottom surface 18. Region Xs with strong electrostatic repulsion.

  Next, the movement of the fine particles 20 when the fine particle capturing material 10 of the present embodiment captures the fine particles 20 in the recesses 12 will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 to 8. Before that, refer to FIG. The relationship between the electrostatic repulsive force acting between two fine particles and the intermolecular force (attraction) will be described.

As shown in FIG. 6, an electrostatic repulsive force and an intermolecular force (attractive force) act between the two fine particles 20 according to the distance. The electrostatic repulsive force acting between the two fine particles 20 decreases as the distance increases, and increases as the distance decreases, as shown by the line a in FIG. Further, as shown by the line b in FIG. 6, the intermolecular force (attraction) acting between the fine particles 20 decreases as the distance increases, and increases as the distance decreases. As shown by lines a and b in FIG. 6, the intermolecular force (attractive force) has a greater degree of change with respect to the distance than the electrostatic repulsive force, and as shown by the line c in FIG. resultant force of repulsion and the intermolecular forces, when the distance between each particle 20 is long, the positive (repulsive force), and the distance to the L _1, the distance repulsive force becomes larger as the closer, the distance L _1, the magnitude of the repulsive force of f _0. However, when the distance between the two fine particles 20 becomes closer than L _{1, the} repulsive force becomes smaller as the distance becomes smaller, and when the distance becomes closer than the distance L ₀ , the absolute value of the intermolecular force (attraction) is increased. Since it becomes larger than the absolute value of the electrostatic repulsive force, the two fine particles 20 are aggregated by the intermolecular force. That is, when the two fine particles 20 are pressed with a force of f ₀ or more, the two fine particles 20 are aggregated by the intermolecular force and are not separated from each other. At this time, the pressing force f ₀ may be a static pressing force or may be an inertial force when the two fine particles 20 move and collide with each other.

  Next, the movement of the fine particles 20 when the fine particle capturing material 10 captures the fine particles 20 in the recesses 12 will be described. As shown in FIG. 2, two fine particles 20 are located in the vicinity of a line 92 having a constant height H from the bottom surface 18 of the recess 12 in the aqueous solution. The potentials of the sliding surface 22 of the fine particle 20 and the sliding surfaces 13 and 15 of the recess 12 of the base material 11 are the same potential, and the fine particle 20 receives an electrostatic repulsive force from the base material 11. As shown in FIG. 2, each of the two fine particles 20 positioned in the region Xs where the electrostatic repulsion is strong near the top 16 is directed toward the region Xw where the electrostatic repulsion is weak, as indicated by the white arrows. (In the direction of the center of the recess 12 (directly above the bottom surface 18)).

As shown in FIG. 3, a fluid force F _f toward the base material 11 acts on each fine particle 20 by the flow of the aqueous solution. The fluid force F _f is, for example, a flow toward the base material 11 due to a vortex generated by the flow. By the fluid force F _f , each fine particle 20 moves toward the base material 11 as indicated by a white arrow. As a result, the distance between the sliding surface 22 of the fine particle 20 and the sliding surface 15 of the surface of the rising portion 14 of the recess 12 is shortened, and the electrostatic repulsive force Fr ₁ perpendicular to the surface of the rising portion 14 acts on each fine particle 20. . The angle θ ₁ of the rising portion 14 with respect to the bottom surface 18 is about 45 °, and each fine particle 20 has an electrostatic repulsive force Fr _x1 = X direction toward the center of the bottom surface 18 along the bottom surface 18 of the recess 12 of the base material 11. Fr ₁ × sin 45 ° and electrostatic repulsive force Fr _y1 = Fr ₁ × cos 45 ° in the Y direction in the opposite direction to the base 11 act.

As shown in FIG. 3, when the two fine particles 20 enter the concave portion 12 by the fluid force F _f , each fine particle 20 is placed in the center of the bottom surface 18 along the bottom surface 18 of the concave portion 12 of the substrate 11. X-direction of the electrostatic repulsive force Fr _x1, is the base 11 and the electrostatic repulsive force Fr _y1 in the Y direction toward the opposite direction acts toward. Since the fluid force F _f toward the direction of the base 11 is greater than the Y-direction of the electrostatic repulsive force Fr _y1 toward the opposite direction to the substrate 11, two particle 20, along come enters in the recess 12, The substrate 11 moves toward the center of the bottom surface 18 by the electrostatic repulsive force Fr _x1 in the X direction toward the center of the bottom surface 18 along the bottom surface 18 of the concave portion 12 of the substrate 11.

As shown in FIG. 4, when the two fine particles 20 further enter the concave portion 12, the distance between the sliding surface 22 of the fine particle 20 and the sliding surface 15 of the rising portion 14 surface of the concave portion 12 is further shortened. An electrostatic repulsive force Fr ₂ larger than the electrostatic repulsive force Fr ₁ acts on each fine particle 20. Further, since the angle of the rising portion 14 with respect to the bottom surface 18 is an angle θ _{2 of} about 60 ° which is larger than θ ₁ , the electrostatic repulsive force Fr _x1 in the X direction toward the center of the bottom surface 18 is larger electrostatic repulsive force Fr _x2 = Fr ₂ × sin 60 °. On the other hand, the electrostatic repulsive force Fr _y2 = Fr ₂ × cos 60 ° in the Y direction in the opposite direction to the base material 11 does not increase because the angle of the rising portion 14 increases and the electrostatic repulsive force Fr ₂ does not increase. To decrease. Therefore, the fluid force F _f toward the direction of the base 11 is larger than the Y-direction of the electrostatic repulsive force Fr _y2 toward the opposite direction to the substrate 11, two particle 20 further enters into the concave portion 12 At the same time, it moves toward the center of the bottom surface 18.

Then, when the magnitude of the X-direction electrostatic repulsive force Fr _x2 from the substrate 11 toward the center of the bottom surface 18 applied to each fine particle 20 is equal to or greater than the fixed value f ₀ described with reference to FIG. The X-direction electrostatic repulsive force Fr _x2 exceeds the electrostatic repulsive force between the respective fine particles 20, so that the two fine particles 20 are aggregated into one by mutual intermolecular forces as indicated by white arrows in FIG. 4. Even when the two fine particles 20 are directed toward the center of the bottom surface 18 due to the X-direction electrostatic repulsive force Fr _{x2 and} the inertial force when the two fine particles 20 collide with each other is equal to or greater than a certain value f ₀ , the two fine particles 20 are Aggregate into one.

  When the two fine particles 20 aggregate to form the aggregated particle 25, the surface area of the entire particle is reduced and the electrostatic repulsion between the base material 11 becomes weaker than when the two fine particles 20 exist separately. Thereby, as shown by the white arrow in FIG. 5, the aggregated particles 25 are sufficiently close to the surface of the concave portion 12 of the base material 11, and the intermolecular force Fq between the aggregated particles 25 and the base material 11 is electrostatic repulsive force. The aggregated particles 25 are collected in the concave portions 12 of the fine particle capturing material 10.

  As described above, the fine particle capturing material 10 of the present embodiment aggregates the fine particles 20 that have entered the concave portion 12 by electrostatic repulsion between the rising portion 14 of the concave portion 12 and the concave portion 12 of the base material 11. The electrostatic repulsive force between them is trapped in the recess 12 as aggregated particles 25 that are smaller than the intermolecular force between the substrate 11 and the recess 12. Accordingly, even when the surface potential of the fine particles 20 and the surface potential of the base material 11 have the same sign and generate repulsive forces, the fine particles 20 can be effectively captured in the recesses 12 of the base material 11.

  From this, the concave portion 12 of the fine particle capturing material 10 of the present embodiment is sufficient for the width X for the two or more fine particles 20 to enter therein and the fine particles 20 collide with each other to become aggregated particles 25. A depth Y is required to generate an electrostatic repulsive force (an electrostatic repulsive force in the X direction along the bottom surface 18 of the recess 12).

In this regard, when the amount of the fine particles 20 attached to the surface of the fine particle capturing material 10 was measured while changing the width X and depth Y of the concave portion 12, as shown by the line p in FIG. However, when the average diameter d _p of the fine particles 20 to be collected becomes twice or more than the average diameter d _p , the amount of adhesion suddenly increases, and as shown by the line q in FIG. When the average diameter d _p of the fine particles 20 is larger than the average diameter d _p , the amount of adhesion suddenly increases, so the above-described capture process of the fine particles 20 has been proved by tests.

In the embodiment described above, in order to improve the capture efficiency of the particle 20, the width X of the recess 12, 50 times less than the average diameter d _p of the depth Y of the collecting target particle 20, preferably less than 20 times The depth Y of the recess 12 may be less than 10 times, preferably less than 5 times the average diameter d _p of the particles 20 to be collected.

With reference to FIG. 9, another embodiment of the particulate trapping material 10 of the present invention will be described. The same parts as those described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 7 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted. As shown in FIG. 9, in the present embodiment, the concave portion 12 is shaped so that the width of the concave portion 12 becomes narrower as the rising portions 54 rising from both ends of the bottom surface 18 are directed upward. In other words, the concave portion 12 has a shape like a hollow groove in which the width of the concave portion 12 increases as the depth of the concave portion 12 increases. The angle θ _{5 with} respect to the bottom surface 18 of the rising portion 54 is 90 ° or more as shown in FIG. A plane 51 is formed between the rising portions 54 of the adjacent recesses 12. In the present embodiment, the width X of the concave portion 12 is a distance between the corner portions 52 of the rising portion 54. That is, the narrowest length when the fine particles 20 enter the recess 12 is the width X of the recess 12. As described above with reference to FIGS. 1 to 7, the sliding surfaces 13 and 53 are formed on the surfaces of the bottom surface 18, the rising portion 54, and the flat surface 51 in the aqueous solution. The potential of the surface of the material 11 is the potential of the sliding surfaces 13 and 53. Further, the length X portion of the bottom surface 18 of the concave portion 12 having the longest distance between the sliding surface 22 of the fine particles 20 near the constant height from the bottom surface 18 of the concave portion 12 and the respective sliding surfaces 13 and 53 of the substrate 11 is The electrostatic repulsive force from the substrate 11 with respect to the fine particles 20 is small, and the region Xw has a low electrostatic repulsive force. Further, the portion of the flat surface 51 is a region Xs where the electrostatic repulsive force from the base material 11 to the fine particles 20 is stronger than the bottom surface 18 and the electrostatic repulsive force is strong.

Next, a process in which the fine particle capturing material 10 of the present embodiment captures the fine particles 20 will be described with reference to FIGS. 9 and 10. As shown in FIG. 9, when the two fine particles 20 enter the concave portion 12 by the fluid force F _f toward the base material 11, the surface of the rising portion 54 receives an electrostatic repulsive force Fr ₅ . Since the angle θ ₅ of the rising portion 54 with respect to the bottom surface 18 is 90 ° or more, each fine particle 20 has an electrostatic repulsive force Fr _{x5 in the} X direction toward the center of the bottom surface 18 along the bottom surface 18 of the recess 12 of the substrate 11. = Fr ₅ × sin θ ₅ and electrostatic repulsive force Fr _y5 = Fr ₅ × cos θ ₅ in the Y direction toward the substrate 11 act. The two fine particles 20 move toward the center of the recess 12 as indicated by the white arrow in the figure by the electrostatic repulsive force Fr _x5 in the X direction toward the center of the bottom surface 18. In the present embodiment, the angle θ ₅ of the rising portion 54 with respect to the bottom surface 18 is 90 ° or more, and the electrostatic repulsive force _{Fry 5} in the Y direction acts in the direction of the base material 11. , It moves toward the base material 11 by the electrostatic repulsive force _Fry5 in the Y direction or toward the depth direction of the recess 12.

As shown in FIG. 10, the two fine particles 20 that have entered the recess 12 further have an electrostatic repulsive force Fr ₆ perpendicular to the surface of the rising portion 54, and the bottom surface 18 along the bottom surface 18 of the recess 12 of the substrate 11. The electrostatic repulsive force Fr _x6 = Fr ₆ × sin θ ₅ in the X direction toward the center and the electrostatic repulsive force Fr _y6 = Fr ₆ × cos θ ₅ in the Y direction toward the substrate 11 act. Y-direction of the electrostatic repulsive force Fr _y6 toward the substrate 11, similarly to the electrostatic repulsive force Fr _y5, so acts in a direction toward the substrate 11, two particle 20 gradually moves toward the bottom surface 18 of the recess 12 Go. Then, by the electrostatic repulsive force Fr _x6 in the X direction, the two fine particles 20 collide inside the concave portion 12 to become one aggregated particle 25, and the surface area of the whole particle is reduced as compared with the case where the two fine particles 20 exist separately. As a result, the electrostatic repulsion between the substrate 11 and the substrate 11 becomes weak, and the aggregated particles 25 are sufficiently close to the bottom surface 18 of the recess 12 of the substrate 11. Finally, the intermolecular force Fq is larger than the electrostatic repulsive force between the aggregated particles 25 and the base material 11, and the aggregated particles 25 are collected on the bottom surface 18 of the concave portion 12 of the fine particle capturing material 10.

  Similarly to the embodiment described above with reference to FIGS. 1 to 7, the fine particle capturing material 10 of the present embodiment also causes the fine particles 20 that have entered the concave portion 12 to be caused by electrostatic repulsion between the rising portion 54 of the concave portion 12. The particles are aggregated and captured in the recesses 12 as aggregated particles 25 in which the electrostatic repulsive force between the recesses 12 of the substrate 11 is smaller than the intermolecular force between the recesses 12 of the substrate 11. Even when the surface potential and the surface potential of the substrate 11 have the same sign and generate repulsive forces, the fine particles 20 can be effectively captured in the recesses 12 of the substrate 11.

  In the fine particle capturing material 10 of each embodiment described above, for example, the surface of the plate-like substrate 11 may be polished with abrasive paper to form the recesses 12, or the surface may be roughened by air blasting or the like. May be formed. Further, the recess 12 is not formed by arranging a plurality of linear grooves as shown in FIG. 1 in parallel, and may be configured as a recess having a length equal to or greater than the width X.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 11A and 11B, the resin is formed into a pellet shape, and the concave portion 12 described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5 or FIGS. 9 and 10 is provided on the surface thereof. May be.

The fine particle capturing material 30 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 11A is formed on the outer surface 31, the inner surface 32, and the end surface 33 of the pellet, which is a base material 11 made of a resin, in FIGS. 1 to 5, 9, or 10. The concave portion 12 as described with reference to FIG. The size of the pellets are freely determined. For example, an outer diameter of about d _o is 5 mm, an inner diameter d _i is about 3mm, length m ₀ may be a size of about 5 to 6 mm. Further, the fine particle capturing material 30 may be configured by using a columnar shape (without a hole) instead of the cylindrical pellet. In addition, the particulate trapping material 35 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 11B is a resin-like pellet (base material 11), and each surface 36 is referred to FIG. 1 to FIG. 5 or FIG. 9 and FIG. The recess 12 as described above is provided. Although the size of the bowl-shaped pellets shown in FIG. 11B can be freely determined, for example, the width W ₁ and the length m ₁ are about 5 to 6 mm, respectively, and the pellet thickness t ₁ is about ₁ to 2 mm. The sled thickness d ₁ may be about 3 to 4 mm.

  As described above, when the substrate 11 is a member on a plate, the concave portion 12 can be formed by polishing the surface with abrasive paper or performing an air blast treatment. In the case of a comparatively small cylindrical shape, bowl shape, or columnar shape as shown in FIGS. 11A and 11B, it is difficult to form the concave portion 12 by polishing the surface with abrasive paper. Therefore, it is difficult to produce a large amount of the particulate trapping materials 30, 35.

Therefore, in the case of manufacturing pellet type particulate capturing materials 30 and 35 as shown in FIGS. 11A and 11B, for example, as shown in FIG. The pellet-type base material 11 and the grinding stone fine particles 41 which are surface-grinding fine particle materials are charged, and the container 40 is rotated or vibrated up and down and left and right by the vibrator 42, and is applied to the surface of the pellet-shaped base material 11. The fine particle trapping materials 30 and 35 in the form of pellets can be manufactured by bringing the fine particles 41 of the grindstone into contact with each other, grinding the surface of the resin base material 11 and forming the recesses 12 on the surface. In this case, the average diameter of the fine particles 41 of the grindstone charged into the container 40 may be larger than the average diameter d _p of the fine particles 20 to be captured by the fine particle capturing materials 30 and 35. The manufacturing method of the present embodiment can manufacture a large number of pellet-type fine particle capturing materials 30 and 35 at a low cost by a simple method. Alternatively, a plurality of types of recesses 12 having different widths may be formed on the surfaces of the particle capturing materials 30 and 35 by introducing a plurality of types of grindstone particles 41 having different average diameters. In addition to the method of mechanically grinding the surface of the pellet-type substrate 11 by using the fine particles 41 of the grindstone as described above to form the recesses 12, for example, surface roughening such as etching of a resin material You may make it form the recessed part 12 by performing the surface treatment by ozone, or the chemical treatment by a chemical | medical agent. For the chemical treatment with the chemical, for example, strongly acidic ones such as chromic acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, and hydrofluoric acid, and organic solvents such as acetone, ethylbenzene, dichlorobenzene, tetrahydrofuran, chloroform, and phenol may be used.

  As described above, the base material 11 of the fine particle capturing materials 30 and 35 is composed of the fine particles 20 (for example, iron rust in a neutral aqueous solution) in which the fine particle capturing materials 30 and 35 have a negative surface potential. When capturing fine particles), acrylonitrile, butadiene, styrene copolymer synthetic resin (ABS), polyethylene (PE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, polytetrafluoroethylene, polymethacrylic acid In the case of capturing fine particles 20 composed of a resin of methyl, polycarbonate, polyamideimide, polyacetal, or silicone, and having a positive surface potential in an aqueous solution, calcium carbonate, aluminum oxide, copper oxide, Iron hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, nickel oxide, Nickel oxide, used as configured into pellets of any material of zinc oxide.

  Next, the particle removing apparatus 110 using the particle capturing materials 30 and 35 described above will be described with reference to FIGS. Before describing the particle removing device 110, an air conditioning / cooling system 100 including the particle removing device 110 will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 13, an air conditioning / cooling system 100 includes an industrial chiller 101 that supplies a low-temperature heat medium, a water circulation channel 150 that circulates water to an air conditioning device 103 that is a cooling target, and a water circulation channel 150. The plate-type heat exchanger 102 that exchanges heat between the circulating water circulating through the low-temperature heat medium supplied from the industrial chiller 101 is provided. As shown in FIG. 13, the water circulation channel 150 removes particulates such as iron rust in the circulating water, the circulating water tank 104 that stores the circulating water, the circulating water pump 106 that circulates the circulating water to the water circulating channel 150, and the like. It includes each device of air-conditioning equipment 103 to which the particulate removal device 110 and the low-temperature circulating water that has been subjected to heat exchange by the plate heat exchanger 102 and is lowered in temperature are supplied. 125 is connected. The plate heat exchanger 102 is made of aluminum or copper, and the heat exchanger 103a provided inside the air conditioner 103 and exchanging heat between the low-temperature circulating water and the air is also made of aluminum or copper. On the other hand, the pipes 121 to 125 that connect the devices are made of iron. The particulate removing device 110 has a pellet-like particulate trapping material described above inside a container 111 having an inlet 111a to which circulating water flows and a piping 122 is connected, and an outlet 111b to which the piping 123 is connected and processed. 30 or the particulate capturing material 35 is accommodated. Since the iron rust fine particles 20 in the circulating water have a negative surface potential in a neutral aqueous solution, the pellet-shaped fine particle capturing materials 30 and 35 are recessed in the resin base material 11 as described above. 12 is formed. Since each of the particulate trapping materials 30 and 35 is cylindrical or bowl-shaped as shown in FIGS. 11A and 11B, each particulate trapping material 30 when stored in the container 111 is used. , 35 is provided with a gap for circulating water. The circulating water is neutral water.

  The circulating water stored in the circulating water tank 104 is supplied to the inlet 111 a of the particulate removing device 110 through the iron pipes 121 and 122 by the circulating water pump 106. The circulating water supplied to the inlet 111a of the particle removing device 110 includes iron rust particles 20 generated by the reaction of the iron pipes 121 to 125 and dissolved oxygen in the circulating water. The circulating water that has flowed into the container of the particle removing device 110 from the inlet 111a contacts the outer surface 31 or the end surface 33 along the gap of the cylindrical particle capturing material 30, or passes through the inner surface 32 to the outlet 111b. It flows toward. The surface potential of the resin particle capturing material 30 is negative in the aqueous solution, and the iron rust particles 20 in the circulating water have a negative surface potential in the neutral aqueous solution. 7, the iron rust particles 20 are collected in the recesses 12 formed on the outer surface 31, the end surface 33, and the inner surface 32 of the particle capturing material 30 having a negative potential. Then, the circulating water from which the iron rust fine particles 20 in the aqueous solution have been removed flows from the outlet 111b of the fine particle removing device 110 through the pipe 123 into the circulating water flow path 102b of the plate heat exchanger 102. On the other hand, the low-temperature heat medium supplied from the industrial chiller 101 flows into the heat medium flow path 102 a of the plate heat exchanger 102. Then, heat exchange is performed between the circulating water and the heat medium in the plate heat exchanger 102, and the low-temperature circulating water whose temperature has decreased passes from the iron pipe 124 through the heat exchanger 103a of the air conditioner 103. Cool indoor air. The circulating water whose temperature has reached room temperature through the heat exchanger 103 a of the air conditioner 103 returns to the circulating water tank 104 through the iron pipe 125. When the bowl-shaped particulate trapping material 35 is accommodated in the particulate removal device 110, the circulating water that has entered the container 111 flows along the gap between the bowl-shaped particulate trapping material 35 and contacts the surface 36. The iron rust fine particles 20 in the circulating water are collected in the recesses 12 formed on the surface 36 of the fine particle capturing material 35.

  In the particulate removal device 110 of the present embodiment, circulating water flows through the gaps between the pellet-like particulate capturing materials 30 and 35 accommodated in the container 111, and the recessed portions 12 formed on the surfaces of the particulate capturing materials 30 and 35 are formed. Since the iron rust fine particles 20 are captured, the circulating water does not pass through the fine particle removal member (media) as in the prior art described in Patent Document 1, and the fluid resistance of the fine particle removal device 110 increases. Therefore, a stable operation can be continued while removing the fine particles 20. When the particulate removal device 110 is attached to the air conditioning / cooling system 100, the iron rust particulates 20 can be effectively removed, so that iron rust is prevented from adhering to the circulating water flow path of the plate heat exchanger 102. can do. In addition, since the particle removing device 110 has a simple configuration in which the pellet-shaped particle capturing materials 30 and 35 are accommodated in the container 111, the recess 12 formed on the surface of the particle capturing material 30 and 35 is the particle 20. When it is buried and the trapping performance is lowered, it is only necessary to replace the pellet-shaped particulate trapping materials 30, 35, and maintenance is easy.

  Next, another configuration of the particulate removing device 110 will be described with reference to FIG. In the particle removing apparatus 110 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 14, the first particle capturing materials 30 a and 35 a having a large width X and depth Y of the recess 12 inside the container 111 and the width X and depth Y of the recess 12 being small. The second particulate trapping material 30c, 35c, the width X and the depth Y of the recess 12 are intermediate between the first particulate trapping material 30a, 35a and the third particulate trapping material 30c, 35c. 30b and 35b from the inlet 111a to the outlet 111b of the circulating water in the container 111, the A layer of the first particulate trapping materials 30a and 35a, the B layer of the second particulate trapping materials 30b and 35b, and the third particulate trapping The materials 30c and 35c are stacked and accommodated in three layers like the C layer.

  The iron rust fine particles 20 included in the circulating water of the air conditioning / cooling system 100 described with reference to FIG. 13 may be large or small. In the embodiment described with reference to FIG. 13, since there are only one type of concave portion 12 formed on the surface of the pellet-shaped fine particle capturing material 30, 35, iron rust having a size equal to or larger than ½ of the width X of the concave portion 12. It is difficult to capture the fine particles 20, and the trapping efficiency is deteriorated for the fine particles 20 which are very small compared to the width X of the concave portion 12, for example, about 1/100 of the size. When there is a large variation in diameter, it is difficult to capture the fine particles 20 effectively.

Therefore, in the particulate removal device 110 of the present embodiment, three types of particulate capturing materials 30a to 30c and 35a to 35c having different widths X and depths Y of the recesses 12 are accommodated in three layers in the container 111, thereby providing a wide range. The iron rust fine particles 20 having a large size can be effectively captured. As shown in FIG. 14, the uppermost layer A of the circulating water has a concave portion 12 so that, for example, large iron rust particles 20 a having a size of about 10 to 50 μm (average diameter d _p = 30 μm) can be captured. The first particle trapping material 30a has a width X of 60 μm to 600 μm that is twice or more the average diameter d _p (30 μm), and a depth Y of the concave portion 12 that is 30 μm to 100 μm that is greater than the large average diameter d _p (30 μm). 35a, and the intermediate B layer has a width X of the recess 12 so that, for example, a general large iron rust particle 20b having a size of about 5 to 10 μm (average diameter = 7.5 μm) can be captured. , twice or more 15μm~150μm average diameter d _p (7.5μm), a second diesel particulate that larger average diameter d _p (7.5 [mu] m) or more 7.5μm~30μm the depth Y of the recessed portion 12 Houses and circulates materials 30b and 35b Most downstream C layer of, for example, such that the magnitude can capture the fine particles 20c of a small rust of about 1 to 5 [mu] m (average diameter d _p = 3 [mu] m), the average width X of the recess 12 the diameter d _p ( 3 μm), which is 6 μm to 60 μm, which is twice or more, and the depth 12 of the concave portion 12 is configured to accommodate the third fine particle capturing materials 30 c and 35 c having a large average diameter d _p (3 μm) of 3 μm to 10 μm. Is. In addition, when manufacturing the 1st, 2nd, 3rd particle | grain capture | acquisition materials 30a-30c and 35a-35c with the manufacturing method demonstrated with reference to FIG. 12, each particle | grain capture | acquisition material 30a-30c, 35a- The iron rust fine particles 20 to be captured by 35c can be manufactured by introducing the grindstone fine particles 41 which are surface grinding fine particles having diameters larger than the average diameter d _p = 30 μm, 7.5 μm, and 3 μm. Alternatively, a plurality of grinding stone particles 41 of different sizes may be introduced to form the recesses 12 having a plurality of types of widths.

As shown in FIG. 14, the fine particles 20a of the iron rust of various sizes which has flowed from the inlet 111a of the container 111, 20b, circulating water containing 20c is, as shown in line S ₁ in FIG. 14, the first diesel particulate material The iron rust 20a having a large size is mainly captured by the recesses 12 having a large width X and a depth Y formed on the surfaces of the first particle capturing materials 30a and 35a. Small and medium-sized iron rust particles 20b and 20c are hardly captured by the first particle capturing materials 30a and 35a accommodated in the A layer and flow to the B layer together with the circulating water. The medium-sized iron rust particles 20b flowing into the layer B are captured by the concave portions 12 having a medium width X and a depth Y formed on the surfaces of the second particle capturing materials 30b and 35b. Small-sized iron rust particles 20c not captured by the B layer pass through the B layer and flow into the C layer, and are formed in the concave portions having a small width X and depth Y formed on the surfaces of the third particle capturing materials 30c and 35c. 12 is captured. In this way, the size of the fine particles to be captured changes from the A layer, the B layer, the C layer, and the circulating water inlet 111a to the outlet 111b, so that iron rust fine particles of various sizes in the circulating water are effectively captured. Can be collected.

  Further, the number or the total volume of each of the fine particle trapping materials 30a to 30c and 35a to 35c accommodated in each layer of A, B, and C is changed according to the total amount of the iron rust fine particles 20 to be captured. You may do it. For example, the second fine particle capturing materials 30b and 35b that capture the iron rust fine particles 20b of about 5 to 10 [mu] m (average diameter = 7.5 [mu] m) that are considered to be the most common and are contained in the aqueous solution. The number and amount of the third fine particle capturing materials 30c and 35c for capturing small iron rust fine particles 20c having a size of about 1 to 5 μm (average diameter = 3 μm) are reduced. May be. Further, for example, a filter capable of collecting large iron rust particles 20a or other foreign substances may be installed at the inlet 111a of the circulating water.

  With reference to FIG. 15, another embodiment of the particle removing device 110 will be described. Parts similar to those of the embodiment described above with reference to FIGS. 13 to 14 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted. As shown in FIG. 15, the particulate removing device 110 of the present embodiment replaces the layers A, B, and C of the embodiment described with reference to FIG. 14, and includes first, second, and third particulate trapping materials. 30a-30c and 35a-35c are accommodated in containers 112, 113, 114, respectively. The containers 112, 113, and 114 are connected in series from the upstream side to the downstream side of the circulating water.

  In the particulate removing apparatus 110 of this embodiment, the pipe 122 for supplying circulating water from the circulating water pump 106 shown in FIG. 13 is connected to the inlet 112a of the container 112 that accommodates the first particulate trapping materials 30a and 35a. The outlet 112b of the container 113 is connected to the inlet 113a of the container 113 by the pipe 131, the outlet 113b of the container 113 is connected to the inlet 114a of the container 114 by the pipe 132, and the outlet 114b of the container 114 is connected to the plate-type heat shown in FIG. It is connected to the exchanger 102.

  As shown in FIG. 15, the size of the pellets of the first fine particle capturing materials 30a and 35a for capturing the large size iron rust fine particles 20a is set to the second fine particle capturing material for capturing the medium size iron rust fine particles 20b. The second fine particle capturing material 30b that captures the medium-sized iron rust fine particles 20b is made larger than 30b, 35b, and the size of the third fine particle capturing material 30c, 35c that captures the small-sized iron rust fine particles 20c. , 35b may be made smaller. Further, the capacities of the containers 112, 113, and 114 may be changed in accordance with the amount of iron rust particles 20a, 20b, and 20c of each size contained in the circulating water.

  The operation and effect of this embodiment are the same as those of the embodiment described above with reference to FIG.

  In the fine particle removing apparatus 110 of the embodiment described with reference to FIGS. 13 to 15, it has been described that iron rust fine particles 20 having a negative potential (zeta potential) are captured in a neutral aqueous solution. It is also possible to capture other types of fine particles having a negative potential (zeta potential). In the manufacturing method described with reference to FIG. 12, it is possible to manufacture a particle capturing material that matches the size of the particles to be captured by changing the size of the particles 41 of the grindstone to be input. By a simple method, fine particles of various sizes can be effectively captured.

  Further, in the fine particle removal apparatus 110 according to the embodiment described with reference to FIGS. 13 to 15, pellet-shaped fine particle capturing materials 30 and 35 as described with reference to FIGS. 11A and 11B. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the concave portion 12 is formed on the surface of the plate-like base material 11 to form a fine particle capturing plate, and this plate is used as the container. The recesses 12 may be formed by etching or the like on the inner surfaces of the containers 111 to 114 so that fine particles can be captured also on the inner surfaces of the containers 111 to 114.

  In addition, the width of the concave portion formed in the inner surface of the circulating water flow path 102b of the plate heat exchanger 102 is measured in advance, and the particulate trap having the concave portion 12 having the same width as that of the concave portion of the circulating water flow path 102b on the surface. Materials 30 and 35 may be used. As a result, the iron rust particles that easily adhere to the inner surface of the circulating water channel 102b are selectively captured by the particle trapping materials 30 and 35, and the iron rust particles adhere to the inner surface of the circulating water channel of the plate heat exchanger 102. Can be suppressed.

  The particulate trapping material is not limited to the pellet shape as described with reference to FIGS. 11A and 11B. For example, as shown in FIG. 16, the annular member 37a on the inner peripheral side and the outer peripheral side The annular member 37c is coaxially arranged, and a three-dimensional structure particulate trapping material in which a plurality of annular members 37b are combined in a spoke shape between the inner annular member 37a and the outer annular member 37c. 37 may be used. The annular member 37b is combined so that the radial direction thereof is orthogonal to the radial direction of the annular members 37a and 37c. Each of the annular members 37a to 37c is formed by molding a resin into an annular shape, and is provided with a recess 12 as described with reference to FIG. 1 to FIG. 5 or FIG. 9 and FIG. is there.

  Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 17, the three-way valves 107a and 107b are arranged in the pipes 122 and 123 of the air-conditioning / cooling system 100, respectively, and the three-way valves 107a and 107b are connected by a communication pipe 126. You may comprise so that the particulate removal apparatus 110 may be arrange | positioned in the pipe line to bypass. The bypass flow rate flowing through the particulate removing device 110 can be freely changed by adjusting the opening degree of each of the three-way valves 107a and 107b. For example, a flow rate of about 10% normally bypasses the connecting pipe 126 and particulates. The three-way valves 107a and 107b are adjusted so that the remaining 90% passes through the connecting pipe 126 after passing through the removing device 110, and when the amount of iron rust particles in the circulating water increases, the bypass flow rate through the particle removing device 110 is increased. The flow rate of the communication pipe 126 is reduced by increasing the flow rate, and when the amount of iron rust particles in the circulating water is small, the flow rate of the communication pipe 126 may be increased by reducing the bypass flow rate passing through the particulate removal device 110. Good. Further, when maintenance and replacement of the particulate trapping materials 30 and 35 accommodated in the particulate removing device 110 are performed, the circulating water may be prevented from flowing into the particulate removing device 110 by the three-way valves 107a and 107b. In each embodiment, the plate heat exchanger 102 of the air conditioning / cooling system 100 is described as cooling the circulating water using a low-temperature heat medium supplied from the industrial chiller 101. For example, a heater or the like is used. The circulating water may be heated by a high-temperature heat medium supplied from the air and supplied to the air conditioner 103 to heat the room.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 18, in the air conditioning / cooling system 100 provided with the particulate removing device 110, a flat plate having a concave portion 12 similar to the particulate capturing material 30, 35 formed on the surface is used as a test piece 116 (width of the concave portion 12). May be arranged so as to be freely inserted and removed in the circulating water so as to judge the degree of deterioration of the particulate trapping material 30, 35, or a plurality of concave portions having different widths on a flat plate as shown in FIG. 12 is arranged in an inclined manner (in FIG. 18, the width of the concave portion 12 becomes wider toward the lower side), and depending on which width of the concave portion 12 has the most iron rust particles adhered, It may be determined which width of the recess 12 is appropriate for removing the iron rust. Hereinafter, the arrangement of the test pieces 116 and 117 will be described with reference to FIG. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the part similar to embodiment described with reference to FIG. 13, and description is abbreviate | omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 18, the test pieces 116 and 117 are housed in a case 115 connected to pipes 135 and 136 branched from the pipes 122 and 123 via a gate valve 108. When attaching the test pieces 116 and 117 in the case 115, the gate valves 108 are closed so that the circulating water does not flow into the case 115. When the attachment is completed, the gate valve 108 is opened to supply the circulating water. It flows into the case 115. For example, when a predetermined time elapses, each gate valve 108 is closed, the test pieces 116 and 117 are taken out from the case 115, and the surfaces thereof are observed visually or with a microscope. Determining the degree of deterioration of the traps 30 and 35, and investigating which width of the concave portion 12 had the most iron rust particles attached, and determining which width of the concave portion 12 is appropriate for removing the iron rust in the circulating water If necessary, the fine particle capturing materials 30 and 35 are cleaned and replaced, or the concave portion 12 is replaced with the fine particle capturing materials 30 and 35 having the width of the most iron rust particles attached. You may make it. Thereby, the iron rust particles can be more effectively removed by the particle removing device 110. In this case, the test pieces 116 and 117 may be arranged on the inlet side and the outlet side in the vicinity of the particulate removing device 110.

Further, the width of the concave portion 12 of the test pieces 116 and 117 is set to be uneven on the inner surface of the circulating water flow path 102b of the plate heat exchanger 102 (apparatus through which the circulating water as the aqueous solution containing iron rust fine particles flows) shown in FIG. Alternatively, it is formed so as to have the same surface roughness, and the inlet side pipe 123 or the outlet side pipe 124 in the vicinity of the circulating water flow path 102b of the plate heat exchanger 102 shown in FIG. 13 will be described with reference to FIG. As described above, the test pieces 116 and 117 may be housed in the case 115 connected via the pipes 135 and 136 and the gate valve 108. In this case, iron rust particles adhere to the surface of the test pieces 116 and 117 to the same extent as the inner surface of the circulating water flow path 102b. Therefore, the inner surface of the circulating water flow path 102b is taken out by examining the test pieces 116 and 117. It is possible to detect how much iron rust fine particles are attached to the surface. When the amount of iron rust adhering to the test pieces 116 and 117 increases, the plate heat exchanger 102 may be maintained, replaced, cleaned, or the like. Note that a plurality of types of recesses 12 having different widths may be provided on the surface of the test piece.

  10, 30, 30a to 30c, 35, 35a to 35c, 37 Fine particle capturing material, 11 base material, 12 recess, 13, 15, 22, 53 sliding surface, 14, 54 rising portion, 16 top portion, 18 bottom surface, 20, 20a, 20b, 20c Fine particle, 21 Fine particle body, 25 Aggregated particle, 31 Outer surface, 32 Inner surface, 33 End surface, 36 Surface, 37a to 37c Ring member, 40 Container, 41 Fine particle, 42 Vibrator, 51 Flat surface, 52 Corner , 91 Center line, 92 line, 100 Air conditioning / cooling system, 101 Industrial chiller, 102 Plate heat exchanger, 102a Heat medium flow path, 102b Circulating water flow path, 103 Air conditioning equipment, 103a Heat exchanger, 104 Circulating water tank , 106 Circulating water pump, 107a, 107b Three-way valve, 108 Gate valve, 110 Particulate removal device, 1-114 container, 111A～114a inlet, 111B～114b outlet, 115 case, 116 and 117 test piece, 121～125,131,132,135,136 piping 126 bypass pipe 150 the water circulation channel.

Claims (22)

A particulate capturing material for capturing particulates in an aqueous solution,
A base material made of a material having the same sign potential as the surface potential of the fine particles in an aqueous solution;
A recess formed on the surface of the substrate to capture the fine particles;
Have
The concave portion has a bottom surface and rising portions on both sides of the bottom surface, and is deeper than the average diameter of the fine particles and is more than twice the average diameter of the fine particles, and agglomerates a plurality of the fine particles entering the concave portion To capture,
A particulate trapping material characterized by The fine particle capturing material according to claim 1,
The concave portion is a fine particle capturing material whose width increases as the depth increases. The fine particle capturing material according to claim 1 or 2,
When capturing the fine particles having a negative surface potential in an aqueous solution, the substrate is made of acrylonitrile, butadiene, styrene copolymer synthetic resin (ABS), polyethylene (PE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polypropylene. Fine particle capturing material composed of any resin of polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, polytetrafluoroethylene, polymethyl methacrylate, polycarbonate, polyamideimide, polyacetal, and silicone. The fine particle capturing material according to claim 1 or 2,
When capturing the fine particles having a positive surface potential in an aqueous solution, the substrate is made of calcium carbonate, aluminum oxide, copper oxide, iron hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, nickel oxide, nickel hydroxide, zinc oxide. A particulate trapping material composed of any of the above materials. The fine particle capturing material according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The base material is a particulate trapping material that is a columnar, cylindrical, or bowl-shaped pellet. The fine particle capturing material according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
The fine particle trapping material, wherein the depth of the concave portion is less than 10 times the average diameter of the fine particles, and the width of the concave portion is less than 50 times the average diameter of the fine particles. The fine particle capturing material according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
A plurality of types of concave portions having different widths are formed on the surface of one substrate;
A particulate trapping material characterized by A fine particle removing device for removing fine particles in an aqueous solution,
A container having an aqueous solution inlet and outlet;
A particulate trapping material housed inside the container,
The fine particle capturing material is a base material made of a material having the same sign potential as the surface potential of the fine particles in an aqueous solution, and a recess formed on the surface of the base material for capturing the fine particles,
Have
The concave portion has a bottom surface and rising portions on both sides of the bottom surface, and is deeper than the average diameter of the fine particles and is more than twice the average diameter of the fine particles, and agglomerates a plurality of the fine particles entering the concave portion To capture,
A particulate removal apparatus characterized by the above. The fine particle removing apparatus according to claim 8, wherein
The width of the concave portion of the particulate trapping material increases as the depth increases.
A particulate removal apparatus characterized by the above. The fine particle removing apparatus according to claim 8 or 9, wherein
A plurality of kinds of the fine particle capturing materials having different depths and widths of the concave portions corresponding to the average diameter of the fine particles,
The depth and width of the recess of the particulate trapping material stored on the outlet side of the aqueous solution of the container are respectively greater than the depth and width of the recess of the particulate trapping material stored on the inlet side of the aqueous solution of the container. small,
The average diameter of the fine particles captured by the fine particle capturing material stored on the outlet side of the aqueous solution of the container is larger than the average diameter of the fine particles captured by the fine particle capturing material stored on the inlet side of the aqueous solution of the container. Small,
A particulate removal apparatus characterized by the above. The fine particle removing apparatus according to claim 8 or 9, wherein
A plurality of containers arranged along the flow of the aqueous solution;
A plurality of types of the fine particle capturing material having different depths and widths of the concave portions corresponding to the average diameter of the fine particles,
The depth and width of the concave portion of the particulate trapping material stored in the container downstream of the aqueous solution flow are the depth of the concave portion of the particulate trapping material stored in the container upstream of the aqueous solution flow of the container. Smaller than width and width,
The average diameter of the fine particles captured by the fine particle capturing material accommodated in the container downstream of the aqueous solution flow is the average diameter of the fine particles captured by the fine particle capture material accommodated in the upstream container of the aqueous solution flow. Smaller than,
A particulate removal apparatus characterized by the above. It is the particulate removal device according to any one of claims 8 to 11,
The base material of the fine particle capturing material is a copolymer synthetic resin (ABS) of acrylonitrile, butadiene, styrene, polyethylene (PE), polyethylene terephthalate when capturing the fine particles having a negative surface potential in an aqueous solution. (PET), polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, polytetrafluoroethylene, polymethyl methacrylate, polycarbonate, polyamide imide, polyacetal, or silicone,
A particulate removal apparatus characterized by the above. It is the particulate removal device according to any one of claims 8 to 11,
The base material of the fine particle capturing material is calcium carbonate, aluminum oxide, copper oxide, iron hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, nickel oxide, water when capturing the fine particles having a positive surface potential in an aqueous solution. Composed of either nickel oxide or zinc oxide material;
A particulate removal apparatus characterized by the above. The particulate removing device according to any one of claims 8 to 13,
The base material of the particulate capturing material is a columnar or cylindrical or bowl-shaped pellet;
A particulate removal apparatus characterized by the above. The particulate removing device according to any one of claims 8 to 14,
The depth of the concave portion of the fine particle capturing material is less than 10 times the average diameter of the fine particles, and the width of the concave portion is less than 50 times the average diameter of the fine particles;
A particulate removal apparatus characterized by the above. A method for producing a particulate capturing material for capturing particulates in an aqueous solution,
Preparing a base material made of a material having the same sign potential as the surface potential of the fine particles in an aqueous solution;
Storing the base material and a surface-grinding fine particle material having a hardness higher than that of the base material in a container;
Vibrating or rotating the container, bringing the surface-grinding fine particle material into contact with the surface of the base material, and forming a recess for capturing the fine particles on the surface of the base material;
Including
The surface-grinding fine particle material is a fine particle of a grindstone whose average diameter is larger than the average diameter of the fine particles to be captured,
In the step of forming the recess, the depth of the recess is deeper than the average diameter of the fine particles and less than 10 times the average diameter of the fine particles, and the width of the recess is at least twice the average diameter of the fine particles. Forming less than 50 times the average diameter of the fine particles,
A method for producing a particulate trapping material characterized by the above. A method for producing a particulate capturing material for capturing particulates in an aqueous solution,
Preparing a base material made of a material having the same sign potential as the surface potential of the fine particles in an aqueous solution;
Immersing the substrate in an etching solution to form a recess for capturing the fine particles on the surface of the substrate;
Including
In the step of forming the recess, the depth of the recess is deeper than the average diameter of the fine particles and less than 10 times the average diameter of the fine particles, and the width of the recess is at least twice the average diameter of the fine particles. Forming less than 50 times the average diameter of the fine particles,
A method for producing a particulate trapping material characterized by the above. A method for producing a particulate trapping material according to claim 16 or 17,
The substrate is a columnar or cylindrical or bowl-shaped pellet;
A method for producing a particulate trapping material characterized by the above. A method for producing a particulate trapping material according to claim 16 or 17,
In the step of preparing the base material, when capturing the fine particles having a negative surface potential in an aqueous solution, a copolymer synthetic resin (ABS) of acrylonitrile, butadiene and styrene, polyethylene (PE), polyethylene terephthalate ( (PET), polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, polytetrafluoroethylene, polymethyl methacrylate, polycarbonate, polyamideimide, polyacetal, or silicone resin is prepared as the base material,
A method for producing a particulate trapping material characterized by the above. A method for producing a particulate trapping material according to claim 16 or 17,
In the step of preparing the base material, when capturing the fine particles having a positive surface potential in an aqueous solution, calcium carbonate, aluminum oxide, copper oxide, iron hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, nickel oxide, hydroxide Preparing any material of nickel and zinc oxide as the substrate;
A method for producing a particulate trapping material characterized by the above. The fine particle removing apparatus according to claim 8,
Removably attached to the inlet or outlet side of the container, formed on the surface of a flat plate made of a material having the same sign potential as the surface potential of the fine particles in an aqueous solution, deeper than the average diameter of the fine particles , Having a test piece having a recess that has a width that is twice or more the average diameter of the fine particles and that aggregates and captures the plurality of fine particles that have entered the fine particles;
A particulate removal apparatus characterized by the above. The fine particle removing apparatus according to claim 21, wherein
The test piece is formed with a plurality of types of recesses having different widths on the surface of one flat plate,
A particulate removal apparatus characterized by the above .

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