[go: up one dir, main page]

JP6001582B2 - Elastic force measurement method - Google Patents

Elastic force measurement method Download PDF

Info

Publication number
JP6001582B2
JP6001582B2 JP2014051158A JP2014051158A JP6001582B2 JP 6001582 B2 JP6001582 B2 JP 6001582B2 JP 2014051158 A JP2014051158 A JP 2014051158A JP 2014051158 A JP2014051158 A JP 2014051158A JP 6001582 B2 JP6001582 B2 JP 6001582B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
force
tensile
test
pulling
measured
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
JP2014051158A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP2015175682A (en
Inventor
齋藤 博之
博之 齋藤
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
NTT Inc
NTT Inc USA
Original Assignee
Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corp
NTT Inc USA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corp, NTT Inc USA filed Critical Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corp
Priority to JP2014051158A priority Critical patent/JP6001582B2/en
Publication of JP2015175682A publication Critical patent/JP2015175682A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP6001582B2 publication Critical patent/JP6001582B2/en
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Landscapes

  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)

Description

本発明は、樹脂などの材料の弾力性を測定する弾性力測定方法に関する。   The present invention relates to an elastic force measurement method for measuring elasticity of a material such as a resin.

材料の特性を把握するために、例えば、一軸引っ張り試験や一軸付着力試験が行われる(特許文献1,非特許文献1参照)。これらの試験では、破断強さや付着強さを測定する。これらの一軸引っ張り試験および一軸付着力試験は、材料の特性を数値化して表現することができるので、上述したような材料の特性を把握する上で有効な方法である。   In order to grasp the characteristics of the material, for example, a uniaxial tensile test or a uniaxial adhesion test is performed (see Patent Document 1 and Non-Patent Document 1). In these tests, the breaking strength and adhesion strength are measured. These uniaxial tensile test and uniaxial adhesion force test are effective methods for grasping the material characteristics as described above, because the characteristics of the material can be expressed numerically.

「プルオフ法について(コーテック技術資料)」http://www.cotec.co.jp/news/guidance/pdf/no13.pdf"About the pull-off method (Co-Tech technical document)" http://www.cotec.co.jp/news/guidance/pdf/no13.pdf

しかしながら、材料の中には、引っ張り特性において、引っ張り力に比例した成分のみならず、引っ張り速度に比例した成分を有する特性を持つ材料が存在する。これらの材料を引っ張り力のみを規定して試験すると、引っ張り速度の影響で正確な測定ができない。この問題を解決するためには、引っ張り力を加える際に、その変化速度(引っ張り速度)が0となるようにすればよい。   However, among materials, there are materials having characteristics that have not only a component proportional to the tensile force but also a component proportional to the tensile speed in the tensile characteristics. When these materials are tested by specifying only the tensile force, accurate measurement cannot be performed due to the influence of the pulling speed. In order to solve this problem, when the pulling force is applied, the changing speed (pulling speed) may be set to zero.

より詳細に説明する。上述したような材料は、通常であればフックの法則に従って弾性成分「F1=k1x(x:変位)・・・(1)」となるべきところに、直列または並列等で「F2=k2dx/dt・・・(2)」で示されるような貯蔵弾性成分が加わっている。このため、dx/dt=0であれば、上述した問題が解消できる。従って、従来では、変化速度が0とみなせるような低い速度で測定を行うことが実施されてきた。 This will be described in more detail. A material such as that described above is normally “F 2 ” in series or in parallel where it should be an elastic component “F 1 = k 1 x (x: displacement) (1)” according to Hooke's law. = K 2 dx / dt (2) ”, a storage elastic component is added. For this reason, if dx / dt = 0, the above-described problem can be solved. Therefore, conventionally, measurement has been performed at a low speed such that the change speed can be regarded as zero.

上述した低い速度による測定は、一定の成果をあげているが、なお、変化速度が0とみなせるような低い速度が、経験により決定されているため、正確性に欠けるという問題があった。また、変化速度を低くするために、長い測定時間を要するという問題があった。   Although the above-described measurement at a low speed has achieved a certain result, there has been a problem that the low speed at which the change speed can be regarded as 0 has been determined by experience, so that the accuracy is lacking. Further, there is a problem that a long measurement time is required to reduce the change rate.

非特許文献1には、剥がれあるいは破壊が90秒以内で発生するように1MPa/秒を超えない実質的に一様な速度で張力を加えるという制限について記載されている。非特許文献1には、「急激に張力を変化させたり、試験機が振動・ぶれたりすると、本来の張力値に達する前にはく離などが起きてしまいます」とも記載され、従来では、張力の測定が容易には実施できないという問題があった。   Non-Patent Document 1 describes a limitation that tension is applied at a substantially uniform speed not exceeding 1 MPa / second so that peeling or fracture occurs within 90 seconds. Non-Patent Document 1 also states that “if the tension is suddenly changed, or if the testing machine vibrates or shakes, peeling will occur before reaching the original tension value”. There was a problem that the measurement could not be performed easily.

本発明は、以上のような問題点を解消するためになされたものであり、引っ張り力に比例した成分に加えて引っ張り速度に比例した成分を有する特性を持つ材料であっても、材料の弾力性が容易に測定できるようにすることを目的とする。   The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and even if the material has a characteristic having a component proportional to the tensile speed in addition to the component proportional to the tensile force, the elasticity of the material It is intended to make it easy to measure the properties.

本発明に係る弾性力測定方法は、測定対象の材料からなる複数の試験片に対して各々異なる引っ張り速度で試験を実施し、各々の引っ張り速度における同一の長さに伸びたときの引っ張り力を測定して複数の測定値を得る測定ステップと、引っ張り速度に対して測定された引っ張り力が対応している複数の測定値のプロットによるグラフを外挿し、この外挿により得られる引っ張り速度を0としたときの引っ張り力を、材料の引っ張り力の弾性成分とする弾性成分決定ステップとを備える。   In the elastic force measuring method according to the present invention, a plurality of test pieces made of a material to be measured are tested at different tensile speeds, and the tensile force when they are stretched to the same length at each tensile speed is measured. Extrapolate a measurement step to obtain a plurality of measurement values by measurement and a plot of a plurality of measurement values corresponding to the tensile force measured against the pulling speed, and set the pulling speed obtained by this extrapolation to 0 An elastic component determining step in which the tensile force at the time is taken as the elastic component of the tensile force of the material.

また、本発明に係る弾性力測定方法は、測定対象の材料からなる複数の試験片に対して各々異なる引っ張り速度で試験を実施し、各々の引っ張り速度における破断したときの引っ張り力を測定して複数の測定値を得る測定ステップと、引っ張り速度に対して測定された引っ張り力が対応している複数の測定値のプロットによるグラフを外挿し、この外挿により得られる引っ張り速度を0としたときの引っ張り力を、材料の引っ張り力の弾性成分とする弾性成分決定ステップとを備える。   Further, the elastic force measuring method according to the present invention performs a test on each of a plurality of test pieces made of a material to be measured at different pulling speeds, and measures the pulling force when fractured at each pulling speed. When extrapolating the measurement step to obtain a plurality of measured values and plotting a plurality of measured value plots corresponding to the tensile force measured against the pulling speed, and setting the pulling speed obtained by this extrapolation to zero An elastic component determining step using the tensile force of the material as an elastic component of the tensile force of the material.

上記弾性力測定方法において、試験は、1軸引っ張り試験または1軸付着試験である。   In the elastic force measuring method, the test is a uniaxial tensile test or a uniaxial adhesion test.

以上説明したことにより、本発明によれば、引っ張り力に比例した成分に加えて引っ張り速度に比例した成分を有する特性を持つ材料であっても、材料の弾力性が容易に測定できるようになるという優れた効果が得られる。   As described above, according to the present invention, the elasticity of a material can be easily measured even for a material having a characteristic having a component proportional to a tensile speed in addition to a component proportional to a tensile force. An excellent effect is obtained.

図1は、本発明の実施の形態における弾性力測定方法を説明するためのフローチャートである。FIG. 1 is a flowchart for explaining an elastic force measurement method according to an embodiment of the present invention. 図2は、本発明の弾性力測定方法を実施するための試験装置(引っ張り試験機)の構成を示す構成図である。FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram showing a configuration of a test apparatus (tensile tester) for carrying out the elastic force measurement method of the present invention.

以下、本発明の実施の形態について図を参照して説明する。図1は、本発明の実施の形態における弾性力測定方法を説明するためのフローチャートである。   Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a flowchart for explaining an elastic force measurement method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

まず、ステップS101で、測定対象の材料からなる複数の試験片を用意する。次に、ステップS102で、所定の引っ張り速度で試験を実施して同一の長さに伸びたときの(変位量を同一としたときの)測定値(引っ張り力)を得る。例えば、1軸引っ張り試験を実施する。なお、1軸付着試験であってもよい。次に、ステップS103で、試験を実施した試験数が設定された試験数に達していることを確認する。この確認で、実施した試験数が、設定した試験数に達していない場合(ステップS103のN)、ステップS104で、試験対象の試験片を交換し、ステップS105で、試験条件を異なる引っ張り速度に変更し、ステップS102に戻り、新たな試験片で異なる引っ張り速度で試験を実施して測定値を得る。   First, in step S101, a plurality of test pieces made of a material to be measured are prepared. Next, in step S102, a test is performed at a predetermined pulling speed to obtain a measured value (pulling force) when stretched to the same length (with the same amount of displacement). For example, a uniaxial tensile test is performed. A uniaxial adhesion test may be used. Next, in step S103, it is confirmed that the number of tests that have been performed has reached the set number of tests. In this confirmation, if the number of tests performed does not reach the set number of tests (N in step S103), the test specimen to be tested is replaced in step S104, and the test conditions are changed to different pulling speeds in step S105. Then, the process returns to step S102, and a test is performed with a new test piece at a different pulling speed to obtain a measurement value.

上述した複数の試験片に対する各々異なる引っ張り速度の試験を、設定してある試験数(試験片の数)実施して複数の測定値を得た後(ステップS103のY)、ステップS106で、引っ張り速度に対して測定された引っ張り力が対応している複数の測定値のプロットによるグラフを作成し、このグラフを外挿する。次に、ステップS107で、作成した外挿により得られる引っ張り速度を0としたときの引っ張り力を、測定対象の材料の引っ張り力の弾性成分とする。   After performing a plurality of test values (the number of test pieces) for each of the plurality of test pieces described above to obtain a plurality of measurement values (Y in step S103), the test is performed in step S106. A graph is created by plotting a plurality of measured values corresponding to the tensile force measured against the speed, and the graph is extrapolated. Next, in step S107, the tensile force obtained when the tensile speed obtained by extrapolation is 0 is set as the elastic component of the tensile force of the material to be measured.

前述したように、材料には、弾性成分「F1=k1x(x:変位)・・・(1)」と、貯蔵弾性成分「F2=k2dx/dt・・・(2)」とが存在する。上述した複数の試験片に対し、各々異なる引っ張り速度で実施する試験は、式(2)におけるdx/dtを変化させた場合の見かけの引っ張り力を測定することになる。また、上述したグラフの外挿により得られる値は、各々異なる引っ張り力をdx/dtの関数とし、dx/dt=0となる極限における値となる。なお、同一の長さではなく破断したときの引っ張り力を測定してもよい。これにより、引っ張り速度を0としたときの破断力が求められる。 As described above, the material includes an elastic component “F 1 = k 1 x (x: displacement) (1)” and a storage elastic component “F 2 = k 2 dx / dt (2)”. There exists. In the test performed on each of the plurality of test pieces described above at different pulling speeds, the apparent pulling force when dx / dt in Equation (2) is changed is measured. The value obtained by extrapolation of the graph described above is a value at the limit where dx / dt = 0, with different tensile forces as a function of dx / dt. In addition, you may measure the tension | pulling force when it fractures | ruptures instead of the same length. Thereby, the breaking force when the pulling speed is 0 is obtained.

[実施例]
以下、実施例を用いてより詳細に説明する。例えば、図2に示す試験装置(引っ張り試験機)を用いて試験を実施する。この試験装置は、ステージ201と、ステージ201の上を移動可能とされた複数の試料台202a,202b,202cを備える。ここでは、3つの試料台202a,202b,202cを備える例を示している。また、試料台202a,202b,202cは、測定対象の試験片203を把持する2カ所の把持部204を備えている。
[Example]
Hereinafter, it demonstrates in detail using an Example. For example, the test is performed using the test apparatus (tensile tester) shown in FIG. This test apparatus includes a stage 201 and a plurality of sample stands 202a, 202b, 202c that are movable on the stage 201. Here, an example including three sample stands 202a, 202b, 202c is shown. The sample tables 202a, 202b, and 202c are provided with two gripping portions 204 that grip the test piece 203 to be measured.

例えば、試料台202aの把持部204を試験装置の駆動機構(不図示)に接続し、試料台202aに設置されている試験片203に対して第1の引っ張り速度で引っ張り試験を行う。次に、試料台202a,202b,202cを移動させ、試料台202bの把持部204を試験装置の駆動機構(不図示)に接続し、試料台202bに設置されている試験片203に対して第2の引っ張り速度で引っ張り試験を行う。次に、試料台202a,202b,202cを移動させ、試料台202cの把持部204を試験装置の駆動機構(不図示)に接続し、試料台202cに設置されている試験片203に対して第3の引っ張り速度で引っ張り試験を行う。   For example, the grip portion 204 of the sample stage 202a is connected to a drive mechanism (not shown) of the test apparatus, and a tensile test is performed on the test piece 203 installed on the sample stage 202a at the first pulling speed. Next, the sample stage 202a, 202b, 202c is moved, and the gripping part 204 of the sample stage 202b is connected to a driving mechanism (not shown) of the test apparatus, so that the test piece 203 placed on the sample stage 202b A tensile test is performed at a pulling speed of 2. Next, the sample stage 202a, 202b, 202c is moved, the gripping part 204 of the sample stage 202c is connected to a driving mechanism (not shown) of the test apparatus, and the test piece 203 installed on the sample stage 202c is connected to the second one. A tensile test is performed at a pulling speed of 3.

以上のことにより、3つの試験片203に対し、各々異なる引っ張り速度で試験が実施できる。各々について、例えば、試料片203の変位量として1mm伸びた時点の引っ張り力を測定すればよい。なお、引っ張り速度は、試験装置に設定しておけばよい。例えば、10μm/秒,1μm/秒,0.1μm/秒の、3つの引っ張り速度を設定すればよい。なお、引っ張り速度は、2種類以上であればよく、試験片は2つ以上あればよい。また、変位量は、1mmに限らず、0.5mmでもよく、予め決定しておけばよい。   As described above, the test can be performed on the three test pieces 203 at different tensile speeds. For each, for example, the tensile force when the sample piece 203 is extended by 1 mm may be measured. The pulling speed may be set in the test apparatus. For example, three pulling speeds of 10 μm / second, 1 μm / second, and 0.1 μm / second may be set. In addition, the pulling speed should just be 2 or more types, and should just have two or more test pieces. Further, the amount of displacement is not limited to 1 mm, but may be 0.5 mm, and may be determined in advance.

上述したように3つの引っ張り速度で実施した3つの引っ張り試験の測定結果より、3の引っ張り速度dx/dtと、これらに応じて測定された引っ張り力(みかけの引っ張り力)Fの相関をとる(グラフを作成する)。これらの相関のとり方は、任意の近似法を用いてよいが、一例として最小自乗法を用いることが考えられる。このようにして得られた相関(グラフ)から、外挿することで、dx/dt=0となるときのFの値を求める。このようにして求めたFは、貯蔵弾性成分が含まれていない弾性成分のみとなる。   As described above, from the measurement results of the three tensile tests carried out at the three tensile speeds, a correlation between the tensile speed dx / dt of 3 and the tensile force (apparent tensile force) F measured in accordance with these (taken apparent force) is obtained ( Create a graph). Any appropriate approximation method may be used to obtain these correlations, but the least square method may be used as an example. From the correlation (graph) obtained in this way, the value of F when dx / dt = 0 is obtained by extrapolation. F thus obtained is only an elastic component that does not contain a storage elastic component.

以上に説明したように、本発明によれば、経験や長い時間を要することなく引っ張り力の弾性成分が求められ、引っ張り力に比例した成分に加えて引っ張り速度に比例した成分を有する特性を持つ材料であっても、材料の弾力性が容易に測定できるようになる。   As described above, according to the present invention, the elastic component of the tensile force is obtained without requiring experience or a long time, and in addition to the component proportional to the tensile force, the elastic component has a component proportional to the tensile speed. Even for a material, the elasticity of the material can be easily measured.

なお、本発明は以上に説明した実施の形態に限定されるものではなく、本発明の技術的思想内で、当分野において通常の知識を有する者により、多くの変形および組み合わせが実施可能であることは明白である。例えば、上述した試験装置の試験動作は、上述した各設定がプログラムされたコンピュータにより制御することができる。   The present invention is not limited to the embodiment described above, and many modifications and combinations can be implemented by those having ordinary knowledge in the art within the technical idea of the present invention. It is obvious. For example, the test operation of the above-described test apparatus can be controlled by a computer in which each setting described above is programmed.

201…ステージ、202a,202b,202c…試料台、203…試験片、204…把持部。   201 ... stage, 202a, 202b, 202c ... sample stage, 203 ... test piece, 204 ... gripping part.

Claims (3)

測定対象の材料からなる複数の試験片に対して各々異なる引っ張り速度で試験を実施し、各々の引っ張り速度における同一の長さに伸びたときの引っ張り力を測定して複数の測定値を得る測定ステップと、
引っ張り速度に対して測定された引っ張り力が対応している複数の前記測定値のプロットによるグラフを外挿し、この外挿により得られる引っ張り速度を0としたときの引っ張り力を、前記材料の引っ張り力の弾性成分とする弾性成分決定ステップと
を備えることを特徴とする弾性力測定方法。
Measurement to obtain multiple measurement values by testing multiple specimens made of the material to be measured at different tensile speeds and measuring the tensile force when they are stretched to the same length at each tensile speed. Steps,
Extrapolating a graph with a plurality of plots of the measured values corresponding to the tensile force measured with respect to the pulling speed, and the pulling force when the pulling speed obtained by this extrapolation is zero is the pulling force of the material An elastic force measuring method comprising: an elastic component determining step as an elastic component of force.
測定対象の材料からなる複数の試験片に対して各々異なる引っ張り速度で試験を実施し、各々の引っ張り速度における破断したときの引っ張り力を測定して複数の測定値を得る測定ステップと、
引っ張り速度に対して測定された引っ張り力が対応している複数の前記測定値のプロットによるグラフを外挿し、この外挿により得られる引っ張り速度を0としたときの引っ張り力を、前記材料の引っ張り力の弾性成分とする弾性成分決定ステップと
を備えることを特徴とする弾性力測定方法。
A measurement step in which a plurality of test pieces made of a material to be measured are subjected to a test at different pulling speeds, and a tensile force at the time of breaking at each pulling speed is measured to obtain a plurality of measurement values;
Extrapolating a graph with a plurality of plots of the measured values corresponding to the tensile force measured with respect to the pulling speed, and the pulling force when the pulling speed obtained by this extrapolation is zero is the pulling force of the material An elastic force measuring method comprising: an elastic component determining step as an elastic component of force.
請求項1または2記載の弾性力測定方法において、
前記試験は、1軸引っ張り試験または1軸付着試験であることを特徴とする弾性力測定方法。
The elastic force measuring method according to claim 1 or 2,
The elastic force measuring method, wherein the test is a uniaxial tensile test or a uniaxial adhesion test.
JP2014051158A 2014-03-14 2014-03-14 Elastic force measurement method Expired - Fee Related JP6001582B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2014051158A JP6001582B2 (en) 2014-03-14 2014-03-14 Elastic force measurement method

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2014051158A JP6001582B2 (en) 2014-03-14 2014-03-14 Elastic force measurement method

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JP2015175682A JP2015175682A (en) 2015-10-05
JP6001582B2 true JP6001582B2 (en) 2016-10-05

Family

ID=54255005

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP2014051158A Expired - Fee Related JP6001582B2 (en) 2014-03-14 2014-03-14 Elastic force measurement method

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP6001582B2 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP6740176B2 (en) * 2017-05-30 2020-08-12 日本電信電話株式会社 Hydrogen permeation test device
CN112255087B (en) * 2020-11-05 2022-08-09 蚌埠产品质量监督检验研究院 Material tensile strength detection system and use method thereof

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS543752B2 (en) * 1973-04-11 1979-02-26
SE506875C2 (en) * 1996-04-12 1998-02-23 Bergs Engineering Ab Tensile testing machine
JP3910826B2 (en) * 2001-11-06 2007-04-25 Sriスポーツ株式会社 Simulation method for performance prediction of products made of viscoelastic materials
JP2005337784A (en) * 2004-05-25 2005-12-08 Asahi Kasei Chemicals Corp Fracture judgment method in impact simulation
JP2010008396A (en) * 2008-05-26 2010-01-14 Nec Corp Coefficient calculator, coefficient calculation method, and coefficient calculation program
JP2010169500A (en) * 2009-01-22 2010-08-05 Toyota Central R&D Labs Inc Apparatus, method, and program for stress-strain curve calculation

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2015175682A (en) 2015-10-05

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
Hu et al. Crack closure effect and crack growth behavior in GH2036 superalloy plates under combined high and low cycle fatigue
Meneghetti et al. A two-parameter, heat energy-based approach to analyse the mean stress influence on axial fatigue behaviour of plain steel specimens
Seichter et al. Investigation of different influences on the fatigue behaviour of industrial rubbers
Schieppati et al. Impact of temperature on the fatigue and crack growth behavior of rubbers
Grama et al. On the identifiability of Anand visco-plastic model parameters using the Virtual Fields Method
JP6001582B2 (en) Elastic force measurement method
JP7183735B2 (en) Method for estimating tensile fatigue properties of vulcanized rubber materials
BR112012022014A2 (en) probe indicating boundary boundaries between materials
Lanning et al. The effect of notch geometry on critical distance high cycle fatigue predictions
JP5760244B2 (en) Low cycle fatigue crack growth evaluation method
JP6819151B2 (en) Method of estimating the remaining life of laminated structures
US7516674B1 (en) Method and apparatus for thermally induced testing of materials under transient temperature
Gruenewald et al. Small scale fracture mechanics of ductile materials: Advantage of fatigue precracks and comparison of J-integral evaluations
Shadrin et al. Peculiarities of using dumbbell specimens made of elastomeric materials subject to finite deformation in complex loading tests
Studený Analysis of the influence of initiating inclusions on fatigue life of plasma nitrided steels
Yao et al. Tensile strength and its variation for PAN‐based carbon fibers. II. Calibration of the variation from testing
Kłosowski et al. Identification of Bodner-Partom viscoplastic model parameters for some aluminum alloys at elevated temperature
JP2007057325A (en) Pre-life prediction method
Barter et al. An investigation of the extent of crack closure for crack growth in an aluminium alloy
Pufall et al. Understanding delamination for fast development of reliable packages for automotive applications. A consideration of robustness for new packages based on simulation
RU2686877C1 (en) Method for determination of endurance limit of steel parts and samples
JP4350612B2 (en) Viscoelasticity measuring device
US20150226653A1 (en) Method for measuring the tenacity of a material
Robertson et al. Post Fire guidance for the critical temperature of prestressing steel
CN105548528A (en) Method for testing silencing effect of silencing leather

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
A621 Written request for application examination

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621

Effective date: 20151117

TRDD Decision of grant or rejection written
A977 Report on retrieval

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007

Effective date: 20160824

A01 Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01

Effective date: 20160830

A61 First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61

Effective date: 20160901

R150 Certificate of patent or registration of utility model

Ref document number: 6001582

Country of ref document: JP

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150

LAPS Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees