JP6058111B2 - 手術ロボットの合成表現 - Google Patents
手術ロボットの合成表現 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6058111B2 JP6058111B2 JP2015242064A JP2015242064A JP6058111B2 JP 6058111 B2 JP6058111 B2 JP 6058111B2 JP 2015242064 A JP2015242064 A JP 2015242064A JP 2015242064 A JP2015242064 A JP 2015242064A JP 6058111 B2 JP6058111 B2 JP 6058111B2
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
- B25J9/00—Programme-controlled manipulators
- B25J9/16—Programme controls
- B25J9/1694—Programme controls characterised by use of sensors other than normal servo-feedback from position, speed or acceleration sensors, perception control, multi-sensor controlled systems, sensor fusion
- B25J9/1697—Vision controlled systems
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
- G16H—HEALTHCARE INFORMATICS, i.e. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE HANDLING OR PROCESSING OF MEDICAL OR HEALTHCARE DATA
- G16H20/00—ICT specially adapted for therapies or health-improving plans, e.g. for handling prescriptions, for steering therapy or for monitoring patient compliance
- G16H20/40—ICT specially adapted for therapies or health-improving plans, e.g. for handling prescriptions, for steering therapy or for monitoring patient compliance relating to mechanical, radiation or invasive therapies, e.g. surgery, laser therapy, dialysis or acupuncture
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B34/00—Computer-aided surgery; Manipulators or robots specially adapted for use in surgery
- A61B34/25—User interfaces for surgical systems
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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-
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- A61B34/37—Leader-follower robots
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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- A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
- A61B90/36—Image-producing devices or illumination devices not otherwise provided for
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
- A61B90/36—Image-producing devices or illumination devices not otherwise provided for
- A61B90/361—Image-producing devices, e.g. surgical cameras
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
- A61B90/36—Image-producing devices or illumination devices not otherwise provided for
- A61B90/37—Surgical systems with images on a monitor during operation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
- B25J9/00—Programme-controlled manipulators
- B25J9/16—Programme controls
- B25J9/1656—Programme controls characterised by programming, planning systems for manipulators
- B25J9/1664—Programme controls characterised by programming, planning systems for manipulators characterised by motion, path, trajectory planning
- B25J9/1666—Avoiding collision or forbidden zones
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
- B25J9/00—Programme-controlled manipulators
- B25J9/16—Programme controls
- B25J9/1656—Programme controls characterised by programming, planning systems for manipulators
- B25J9/1671—Programme controls characterised by programming, planning systems for manipulators characterised by simulation, either to verify existing program or to create and verify new program, CAD/CAM oriented, graphic oriented programming systems
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
- B25J9/00—Programme-controlled manipulators
- B25J9/16—Programme controls
- B25J9/1679—Programme controls characterised by the tasks executed
- B25J9/1689—Teleoperation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
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- B25J9/00—Programme-controlled manipulators
- B25J9/16—Programme controls
- B25J9/1679—Programme controls characterised by the tasks executed
- B25J9/1692—Calibration of manipulator
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/42—Recording and playback systems, i.e. in which the programme is recorded from a cycle of operations, e.g. the cycle of operations being manually controlled, after which this record is played back on the same machine
- G05B19/4202—Recording and playback systems, i.e. in which the programme is recorded from a cycle of operations, e.g. the cycle of operations being manually controlled, after which this record is played back on the same machine preparation of the programme medium using a drawing, a model
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B34/00—Computer-aided surgery; Manipulators or robots specially adapted for use in surgery
- A61B34/20—Surgical navigation systems; Devices for tracking or guiding surgical instruments, e.g. for frameless stereotaxis
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- A61B2034/2046—Tracking techniques
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- A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
- A61B90/36—Image-producing devices or illumination devices not otherwise provided for
- A61B90/37—Surgical systems with images on a monitor during operation
- A61B2090/371—Surgical systems with images on a monitor during operation with simultaneous use of two cameras
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B34/00—Computer-aided surgery; Manipulators or robots specially adapted for use in surgery
- A61B34/20—Surgical navigation systems; Devices for tracking or guiding surgical instruments, e.g. for frameless stereotaxis
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/30—Nc systems
- G05B2219/36—Nc in input of data, input key till input tape
- G05B2219/36432—By putting some constraints on some DOF, move within limited volumes, areas, planes, limits motion in x, y or z planes, virtual reality constraints
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/30—Nc systems
- G05B2219/39—Robotics, robotics to robotics hand
- G05B2219/39083—Robot interference, between two robot arms
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/30—Nc systems
- G05B2219/39—Robotics, robotics to robotics hand
- G05B2219/39096—Self-collision, internal collison, collision between links of one robot
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- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
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- G05B2219/39—Robotics, robotics to robotics hand
- G05B2219/39449—Pendant, pda displaying camera images overlayed with graphics, augmented reality
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/30—Nc systems
- G05B2219/40—Robotics, robotics mapping to robotics vision
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-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/30—Nc systems
- G05B2219/45—Nc applications
- G05B2219/45117—Medical, radio surgery manipulator
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/30—Nc systems
- G05B2219/45—Nc applications
- G05B2219/45123—Electrogoniometer, neuronavigator, medical robot used by surgeon to operate
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
- G16H—HEALTHCARE INFORMATICS, i.e. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE HANDLING OR PROCESSING OF MEDICAL OR HEALTHCARE DATA
- G16H40/00—ICT specially adapted for the management or administration of healthcare resources or facilities; ICT specially adapted for the management or operation of medical equipment or devices
- G16H40/60—ICT specially adapted for the management or administration of healthcare resources or facilities; ICT specially adapted for the management or operation of medical equipment or devices for the operation of medical equipment or devices
- G16H40/67—ICT specially adapted for the management or administration of healthcare resources or facilities; ICT specially adapted for the management or operation of medical equipment or devices for the operation of medical equipment or devices for remote operation
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- Gynecology & Obstetrics (AREA)
- Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
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Description
例えば、本発明は以下の項目を提供する。
(項目1)
少なくとも1つの手術ツールを支持するリンクを含むロボットと、
該リンクと関連付けられた運動位置情報を取得するように、該ロボットに連結された運動構成要素と、
ディスプレイと、
第1の構成要素であって、該ディスプレイを該運動構成要素と連結して、
該リンクに関するリンク構造データと、
該運動位置情報と
に基づいて、該リンクの少なくとも一部分のグラフィック3次元モデルを含む該ロボットの合成表現を表示する、第1の構成要素と
を備える、ロボット手術システム。
(項目2)
前記ツールを包囲する視野を有する画像取込み機器と、
ディスプレイ、および該ツールを移動させるコマンドを受信するために配置される入力部を備える外科医コンソールと
をさらに備え、
該ディスプレイは、該画像取込み機器の該視野内の画像を受信するように連結される、項目1に記載のシステム。
(項目3)
第2のディスプレイをさらに備え、
該第2のディスプレイは、前記外科医コンソールの遠隔にあり、
該第2のディスプレイは、前記ロボットの前記合成表現を表示する、
項目2に記載のシステム。
(項目4)
前記第2のディスプレイを前記運動構成要素と連結する第2の構成要素をさらに備え、それにより、前記リンクに関する前記リンク構造データ、および前記運動位置情報に基づいて、該リンクの少なくとも一部分のグラフィック表現を含む前記ロボットの合成表現を前記第2のディスプレイ上に表示する、項目3に記載のシステム。
(項目5)
前記合成表現は、前記ツールのモデルを含む、項目1に記載のシステム。
(項目6)
前記モデルは、前記ツールの3次元モデルを含む、項目5に記載のシステム。
(項目7)
前記画像取込み機器の視野内の前記ツールの画像を取り込む画像取込み機器と、
該画像取込み機器を前記ディスプレイに連結して、該画像取込み機器からの該画像を該ディスプレイ上に表示する第2の構成要素と
をさらに備える、項目1に記載のシステム。
(項目8)
前記合成表現は、前記取込み機器からの前記表示された画像の外部の前記ディスプレイ上に見えるように表示される、項目7に記載のシステム。
(項目9)
手術を実行するツールを含むロボットと、
該ツールを包囲する視野を取り込む画像取込み機器と、
該ロボットの少なくとも一部分の合成表現を提供するデータであって、該一部分は、該画像取込み機器を含む、データと、
ディスプレイと、
該データを該ディスプレイに連結して、該画像取込み機器の該視野の3次元表現を含む該ロボットの該合成表現を表示する、第1の構成要素と
を備える、ロボット手術システム。
(項目10)
前記ディスプレイは、前記ロボット手術システムの外科医コンソールのビューアを含む、項目9に記載のシステム。
(項目11)
前記合成表現は、前記ツールのモデルを含む、項目9に記載のシステム。
(項目12)
前記モデルは、前記ツールの3次元モデルを含む、項目11に記載のシステム。
(項目13)
第1の手術ツールを支持する第1のリンク、および第2の手術ツールまたは画像取込み機器を支持する第2のリンクを含むロボットと、
該第1のリンクおよび該第2のリンクに連結されて、該リンクに関する接合状態情報を取得する運動構成要素と、
該第1のリンク、該第2のリンク、該第1の手術ツール、および該第2の手術ツールまたは該画像取込み機器の構造に関するデータと、
該データおよび該運動構成要素に連結されて、(i)該第1のリンクまたは第1の手術ツールと、(ii)該第2のリンクまたは該第2の手術ツールまたは該画像取込み機器との起こりうる衝突または実際の衝突に関する警告信号を生成する、衝突検出構成要素と
を備える、ロボット手術システム。
(項目14)
前記衝突検出構成要素は、前記データおよび前記運動構成要素によって決定されるとき、前記第1のリンクまたは前記第1の手術ツールと、前記第2のリンクまたは前記第2の手術ツールまたは前記画像取込み機器との近接の結果として警告信号を生成するように構成される、項目13に記載のシステム。
(項目15)
ディスプレイをさらに備え、前記衝突検出構成要素は、前記信号を該ディスプレイに伝送して、前記起こりうる衝突または実際の衝突に関する情報を表示するように構成される、項目13に記載のシステム。
(項目16)
前記起こりうる衝突または実際の衝突に関する前記情報は、(i)前記第1のリンクまたは前記第1の手術ツールと、(ii)前記第2のリンクまたは前記第2の手術ツールまたは前記画像取込み機器との間の該起こりうる衝突または実際の衝突の合成表現を含む、項目15に記載のシステム。
(項目17)
前記起こりうる衝突または実際の衝突に関する前記情報は、衝突を回避または是正することに関する情報を含む、項目15に記載のシステム。
(項目18)
前記起こりうる衝突または実際の衝突に関する前記情報は、該起こりうる衝突または実際の衝突の場所をハイライトすることを含む、項目15に記載のシステム。
(項目19)
前記起こりうる衝突または実際の衝突に関する前記情報は、前記場所に隣接するテキストメッセージを含む、項目18に記載のシステム。
(項目20)
ロボットシステムにおいてツールの位置を制御する方法であって、該方法は、
第1の画像をディスプレイ上に表示することであって、該第1の画像は、画像取込み機器の視野内におけるロボットのツールまたはリンクの映像供給物を含むことと、
第2の画像を該ディスプレイ上に表示することであって、該第2の画像は、該ツールまたはリンクの3次元モデルを表し、該第2の画像に表された該ツールまたはリンクは、該第1の画像における該ツールまたはリンクと整列させられることと、
該ディスプレイ上の該第1および第2の画像に関して移動させられる入力機器からコマンドを受信して、該ツールまたはリンクの動きを制御することと
を含む、方法。
(項目21)
ロボットシステムのツールのための移動領域の標示を提供する方法であって、
該ツールの位置を表す第1の画像を表示することと、
該ツールの移動の限界を表す第2の画像を該第1の画像に重ね合わせることと
を含む、方法。
(項目22)
ロボットシステムにおいて、
ロボットシステムのツールの位置に関する情報を保持することと、
該ツールが、該ツールの移動の限界から閾値距離以内にある結果として信号を生成することと
を含む、方法。
(項目23)
少なくとも1つの手術ツールを支持するリンクを含むロボットと、
該ツールを包囲する視野を有する画像取込み機器と、
該ロボットに連結されて、該リンクに関連付けられた運動位置情報を取得する運動構成要素と、
該画像取込み機器の該視野内における画像を受信および表示するように連結されたディスプレイと、
該ディスプレイを該運動構成要素と連結して、該表示された画像において表わされた該ツールと結び付けられた情報を表示する第1の構成要素であって、該情報の位置は、
該リンクに関するリンク構造データと、
該運動位置情報と
に基づいている、第1の構成要素と
を備える、ロボット手術システム。
(項目24)
前記画像取込み機器および前記ディスプレイに連結されて、該画像取込み機器の前記視野における前記ツールの3次元ビューを生成する、立体画像システムと、
前記第1の構成要素および該ディスプレイに連結されて、該ツールの該3次元ビューに一致する前記表示情報の3次元外観を提供する、較正カメラモデルと
をさらに備える、項目23に記載のシステム。
(項目25)
前記ツールと結び付けられた前記情報は、テキストを含む、項目23に記載のシステム。
(項目26)
ロボットシステムにおいて、
画像取込み機器の視野内のロボットによって支持されたツールの映像供給物を含む第1の画像を第1のディスプレイに表示することと、
該ツールを含む該ロボットの少なくとも一部分の合成3次元表現を該第1のディスプレイに表示することと
を含む、方法。
(項目27)
前記3次元表現は、前記画像取込み機器の前記表示された視野の外に見えるように表示される、項目26に記載のシステム。
(項目28)
ロボットシステムにおいて、
画像取込み機器の視野内のロボットによって支持されたツールの映像供給物を含む第1の画像を表示することであって、該第1の画像は、該ロボットの第1の部分を含む、ことと、
該ツールを含む該ロボットの少なくとも一部分の合成3次元表現を表示することであって、該合成3次元表現は、該第1の部分よりも大きい該ロボットの第2の部分を含む、ことと
を含む、方法。
(項目29)
ロボットシステムにおいて、
画像取込み機器の視野内のロボットによって支持されたツールの映像供給物を含む第1の画像を表示することであって、該第1の画像は、第1の方向から視認されるように該ロボットの第1の部分を含む、ことと、
該ツールを含む該ロボットの少なくとも一部分の合成3次元表現を表示することであって、該表示された合成3次元表現は、該第1の方向とは異なる第2の方向から視認されるように見える、ことと
を含む、方法。
(項目30)
前記3次元表現の前記表示を変更することをさらに含むことにより、前記第1および前記第2の方向とは異なる第3の方向から視認されるように見える、項目29に記載のシステム。
(項目31)
前記3次元表現の前記表示を変更することをさらに含むことにより、前記第1の方向から視認されるように見える、項目29に記載のシステム。
(項目32)
少なくとも1つのツールまたは画像取込み機器を支持するリンクを含むロボットと、
該リンクに連結されて、該リンクに関連付けられた運動位置情報を取得する運動構成要素と、
該リンクおよび該少なくとも1つのツールまたは画像取込み機器の構造に関する第1のデータと、
患者の位置に関する患者データと、
衝突検出構成要素であって、該衝突検出構成要素は、該第1のデータを受信するように連結され、該患者データを受信するように連結され、および該運動構成要素に連結されることにより、該リンクの該患者との起こりうる衝突または実際の衝突、または該少なくとも1つのツールまたは画像取込み機器の該患者との起こりうる衝突または実際の衝突に関する警告信号を生成する、衝突検出構成要素と
を備える、ロボット手術システム。
(項目33)
ディスプレイをさらに備え、前記衝突検出構成要素は、前記信号を該ディスプレイに伝送して、前記起こりうる衝突または実際の衝突に関する情報を表示するように構成される、項目32に記載のシステム。
(項目34)
前記起こりうる衝突または実際の衝突に関する前記情報は、前記リンクまたは前記少なくとも1つのツールの前記患者との該起こりうる衝突または実際の衝突の合成表現を含む、項目33に記載のシステム。
(項目35)
前記起こりうる衝突または実際の衝突に関する前記情報は、衝突を回避または是正することに関する情報を含む、項目34に記載のシステム。
(項目36)
ロボットシステムにおけるツールに対してツール移動を教示する方法であって、
第1の画像をディスプレイ上に表示することであって、該第1の画像は、画像取込み機器の視野内のロボットのツールまたはリンクの映像供給物を含む、ことと、
第2の画像を該ディスプレイ上に表示することであって、該第2の画像は、該ツールまたはリンクのモデルを表す、ことと、
第1の制御器からの入力に応答して、該第2の画像を移動させることと、
第2の制御器からの入力に応答して、該ツールを移動させることと
を含む、方法。
(項目37)
リアルタイム映像画像が取り込まれる視野を有する画像取込み機器と、
手術ツールを支持するリンクと、
ディスプレイと、
モデル化構成要素と
を備える、手術ロボットシステムであって、
該モデル化構成要素は、該視野の3次元レンダリングを生成し、該視野の外の該手術ツールの少なくとも一部分の3次元レンダリングを生成し、
該ディスプレイは、該視野のレンダリング、該視野の外の該手術ツールの該少なくとも一部分のレンダリング、および該リアルタイム映像画像を同時に表示し、
該手術ツールの該少なくとも一部分のレンダリングは、該視野の該レンダリングに関して、該画像取込み機器の該視野に関して該手術ツールが有する場所と実質的に同じ場所に位置して見えるように表示され、
該リアルタイム映像画像は、該視野の該レンダリングに関して、該リアルタイム映像画像が、該画像取込み機器の該視野内に取り込まれた場所と実質的に同じ場所に位置して見えるように表示される、手術ロボットシステム。
(項目38)
前記視野の前記レンダリングに関して、前記リアルタイム映像画像の前記表示された場所は、該視野の該レンダリングの表示されるビュー角度が前記ディスプレイにおいて変更される際に、実質的に一定のままである、項目37に記載の手術ロボットシステム。
一般的には、低侵襲遠隔手術システムでは、ツール124等の手術ツールの最遠位部分のみが、常に、内視鏡126の視野において外科医に可視的であり得る。患者側カートの構成に依存して、視野において外科医に非可視的であるロボット組立体の可動部品間の衝突が発生し得る可能性がある。これらの衝突のうちのいくつか(内視鏡126の視野外であることから「外側衝突」)は、ツールに至るロボットアーム組立体のリンク装置の間で発生し得るか、衝突は、2つのツールの間で発生し得るか、またはツールとリンク装置との間で発生し得る。このような外側衝突は、身体の外部または身体の内部で発生し得るが、視野内では発生し得ない。加えて、外側衝突は、視野にある一方のツールと視野の若干外部にある別のツールとの間で発生し得る。身体の内部および内視鏡の視野において発生する衝突は、「内側衝突」である。
低侵襲手術では、内視鏡カメラの視体積の外部に器具を設置することが可能である。この可能性によって、器具をビューに戻すように内視鏡を移動させる方法、または器具を内視鏡の視野に戻す方法を外科医が必ずしも把握する必要が無いので、ツールを事実上見失う状況がもたらされ得る。さらに、観測不可能である器具を外科医が移動させることができるので、この状況は、患者の安全性を危険にさらす可能性がある。
上述のように、システムがロボットの合成画像120を外科医に提示し得る多数の方式が存在する。図8に関連して説明された第1のオプションは、視野画像202の上に合成ビューを示すタイルウィンドウ204を含み、両方ともが同時に示される。図9に示す別のオプションは、合成画像120のみを示す。
ある実施形態によると、合成画像120の代わりに、または合成画像120に追加して、モデル化データ104を利用して、患者側カートの部分の視覚表現以外の画像を投影してもよい。例えば、ツール追跡構成要素90および/または運動構成要素92が提供する位置情報を使用して、モデル化構成要素108は、異なる色で合成画像120の一部分を表示し得るか、またはモデル化構成要素108は、合成画像の一部分の上に、または合成画像の代わりに、テキストを表示し得る。このようなある実施形態では、テキストは、視野における実際のツールの上に重ね合わされて、そのツールに注目するか、または他の情報を提供するようにし得る。例として、図13におけるツール304では、モデル化構成要素108を利用して、ツールのクランプが閉鎖していることを標示するために、ツール304の映像画像の上に配列されたテキストメッセージ「閉鎖」320を表示し得る。カメラ情報によって、上述のように、画像取込み機器からのツール304の立体的ビューに重ね合わされ得る3−D立体的レンダリングの作成が可能になる。また、エラーメッセージも提供してもよい。
合成画像120は、患者側カートの動作の遠隔画像を提供する際に有用であり得る。例えば、いくつかの状況では、患者側カートから遠隔にいる個人が、患者側カートの動作を視認することを望む場合がある。このような状況では、合成画像120は、ビューア32および遠隔ディスプレイ(例えば、ディスプレイ84)の両方にレンダリングされ得る。このような状況では、一実施形態によると、モデル化データは、全て1つの場所に保持され得、合成画像120は、遠隔場所において表示するために遠隔場所に送信される。
患者側カートのロボットアーム組立体のリンク装置は、動作領域の限界を有し、各アームまたはリンク装置により支持されたツールの動作を限界する。患者のロボットが移動領域の限界に直面する場合、ロボットが継続して移動することができない理由が、常に外科医(新人または熟練)に明白になるわけではない。遠隔手術システムでは、一般的には、2つの移動領域限界源、つまり、マスタマニピュレータの接合限界およびスレーブマニピュレータの接合限界が存在する。
Claims (4)
- ロボット手術システム(20)であって、
手術を実行するためのツール(62)を含むロボット(40)と、
前記ツール(62)を包囲する視野を取込む画像取込み機器(50)と、
前記ロボット(40)の少なくとも一部分の合成表現(120)を提供するためのデータであって、前記一部分は、前記画像取込み機器(50)を含む、データと、
ディスプレイ(32、84)と、
前記画像取込み機器(50)の前記視野の境界の投影の3次元表現(130)を含む前記ロボット(40)の前記合成画像(120)を表示するように、前記データを前記ディスプレイ(32、84)に結合する第1の構成要素(108)と
を含む、システム(20)。 - 前記ディスプレイは、前記ロボット手術システム(20)の外科医コンソール(30)のビューア(32)を含む、請求項1に記載のシステム(20)。
- 前記合成表現(120)は、前記ツール(62)のモデルを含む、請求項1に記載のシステム(20)。
- 前記モデルは、前記ツール(62)の3次元モデルを含む、請求項3に記載のシステム(20)。
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