JP5799555B2 - Shaft type furnace, raw material charging apparatus and raw material charging method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a shaft type furnace, a raw material charging apparatus, and a raw material charging method, and more particularly to a shaft type furnace, a raw material charging apparatus, and a raw material charging method for improving the distribution of the raw material in the furnace.

  A shaft type furnace is a furnace in which raw materials are charged from the upper part of a vertical furnace and a reaction aid such as air or oxygen is blown in from a burner part at the lower part of the furnace. As an example of such a shaft type furnace, a blast furnace for producing pig iron is known, but in recent years, a shaft type furnace is often used in a waste incinerator, a melting furnace, a pyrolysis furnace, or the like. .

  For example, in a pyrolysis furnace, a raw material charged from the upper part of the furnace undergoes a pyrolysis reaction with a reaction aid such as air or oxygen blown from a burner part, and becomes pyrolysis gas and carbide. The input raw material is deposited in the furnace. The reaction aid blown from the burner portion diffuses in the deposited raw material, so that the thermal decomposition reaction proceeds. The pyrolysis gas generated by the pyrolysis reaction rises in the deposited raw material and is recovered from the upper part of the furnace. On the other hand, the carbide which is a residue generated in the thermal decomposition reaction is recovered from the bottom of the furnace.

  In a shaft type furnace such as the above-mentioned pyrolysis furnace, the raw material moves to the lower part of the furnace as the reaction progresses, and new raw materials are sequentially charged thereon, so that continuous operation becomes possible. For this purpose, it is desirable that a gas such as a reaction aid or pyrolysis gas diffuses and rises uniformly in the deposited raw material, and the reaction proceeds uniformly in the deposited raw material.

  However, if the distribution of the raw material deposited in the furnace is biased, the gas diffusion and rise in the raw material is also biased, resulting in a difference in the progress of the reaction in the furnace. As a result, a difference also occurs in the downward movement of the raw material, and the uneven distribution of the raw material may increase at an accelerated rate, resulting in difficulty in continuing the operation. For this purpose, a technique for controlling the distribution of the raw material in the furnace has been developed. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a chute provided at the top of a furnace in order to charge the raw material in a blast furnace which is a kind of shaft type furnace. Describes a technique for controlling the distribution of the raw material in the furnace with high accuracy by freely moving the input position of the raw material in the horizontal direction by adopting a structure that can freely rotate and tilt.

Japanese Patent No. 4290892

  By the way, as described above, shaft-type furnaces are often used not only for blast furnaces but also for incinerators, melting furnaces, or pyrolysis furnaces. A variety of raw materials with different properties such as particle size, specific gravity, shape (smooth shape, square shape, etc.), surface properties (hard, soft, sticky, etc.) are input to such a shaft furnace. . Examples of raw materials include municipal waste, waste plastic, waste tires, woody biomass, and coke. These raw materials have different properties as a whole, for example, even when the types are the same, even if the types are the same, the properties may be different, for example, a waste plastic packaging container and a plastic bag. The inventors of the present application have paid attention to problems that may occur in a shaft furnace due to the diversity of such raw materials.

  FIG. 8 is a view showing a state in which raw materials having different particle sizes are charged from the top of the furnace in the pyrolysis furnace 1 which is a conventional shaft furnace. In this case, as shown in the drawing, the raw material having a smaller particle size tends to be deposited at the center of the furnace, and the raw material having a larger particle size tends to be accumulated at the peripheral portion of the furnace. Such a bias is caused by various factors, but in general, the influence of the angle of repose of each raw material is large, and as a result of simultaneously introducing raw materials having different repose angles, the raw material is unevenly deposited in the furnace. Often to do. In general, the angle of repose of a raw material is smaller for a raw material with a larger particle size and larger for a raw material with a smaller particle size. Therefore, when the raw material is deposited, the raw material having a larger particle size tends to flow outward from the center of the furnace.

  Further, the fluidity of the raw material varies depending on the shape of the raw material (such as a smooth shape or a square shape) or the surface properties (hard, soft, or sticky). For this reason, raw materials with higher fluidity (slippery and smaller angle of repose) tend to deposit more on the periphery of the furnace.

  As described above, as a problem that occurs as a result of uneven distribution of raw materials having different properties in the furnace, for example, there is a problem that, in the deposited raw material, a portion where gas easily passes and a portion where gas does not easily pass are generated. When raw materials with different particle sizes are deposited unevenly, gas flows easily in the portion where the raw materials with larger particle sizes are unevenly deposited because the gaps between the raw materials become larger. In this state, when a reaction aid is blown from the burner part to cause the pyrolysis reaction of the raw material, the reaction aid and pyrolysis gas are deposited in the furnace where gas with a larger particle size is unevenly deposited. Concentrates at the periphery. Then, while the pyrolysis reaction proceeds at the periphery of the furnace, the pyrolysis reaction is difficult to proceed at the center of the furnace where the gas is difficult to pass due to the uneven deposition of raw materials with smaller particle sizes, and the distribution of the raw materials As a result of the further spread of bias, it may be difficult to stably continue the thermal decomposition reaction.

Another problem that arises as a result of uneven distribution of raw materials in the furnace is that the product sticks as a result of uneven distribution of reaction products. In this regard, the present inventors conducted a test using the conventional pyrolysis furnace 1 described with reference to FIG. 8 using a mixture of woody biomass, waste plastic, and waste tire as a raw material. The cross-sectional area of the pyrolysis furnace 1 is 0.9 (m ² ), and the height from the burner part to the furnace top part is 4 (m). In order to maintain the reaction temperature by partially burning the raw material, oxygen and water vapor are blown from the burner portion. The raw materials charged into the pyrolysis furnace 1 in this test are shown in Table 1 below.

  9 and 10 are diagrams and photographs showing the results of the above test. In the test, it was confirmed that generation of pyrolysis gas due to pyrolysis reaction became unstable. FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a state in which carbides in the furnace of the pyrolysis furnace 1 are recovered after the test. As shown in the figure, after the test, it was confirmed that the clinker was fixed to the furnace body near the burner portion. A photograph of the clinker at this time is shown in FIG. As a result of the analysis, the pyrolysis reaction proceeds in a state where the waste tire having the largest particle size among the raw materials is accumulated on the periphery of the pyrolysis furnace 1, and as a result, the clinker is fixedly grown by the wire contained in the waste tire. I understood. The generation of the pyrolysis gas became unstable because the clinker hindered the downward movement of the raw material in the furnace, resulting in an unstable pyrolysis reaction.

  In order to prevent the adverse effects caused by the uneven distribution of the raw material as described above, the raw material charging method using the movable chute described in Patent Document 1 is effective, and is actually widely used in blast furnaces. It has been adopted. However, the movable chute described in Patent Document 1 has a complicated structure in order to allow a plurality of operations of rotation and tilt. For example, a shaft-type furnace such as an incinerator, a melting furnace, or a pyrolysis furnace is not as large as a blast furnace, and thus it is often difficult to provide a complicated structure due to space constraints. In addition, providing a complicated structure in a furnace that is not so large is not reasonable from the viewpoint of economy. Furthermore, the bias in the distribution of the raw material that causes the above-mentioned problems that the inventors of the present application have focused on is a bias in units of regions in the furnace, such as the center and the peripheral edge of the furnace. Therefore, in order to solve this problem, it is not always necessary to control the distribution of the raw material in the furnace with high accuracy as described in Patent Document 1.

Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and the object of the present invention is to provide a novel structure capable of improving the distribution of raw materials in a shaft furnace using a simple structure. Another object of the present invention is to provide an improved shaft type furnace, raw material charging apparatus and raw material charging method.

In order to solve the above-described problem, according to one aspect of the present invention, a shaft furnace including a furnace body and a raw material charging device provided at the top of the furnace body, the raw material charging devices having the same central axis Between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, the first raw material supply means for supplying the first raw material to the inside of the inner cylinder, and the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder , the particle size is smaller than the first raw material, or A second raw material supply means for supplying a second raw material having a large angle of repose; a spiral chute provided at least once in a horizontal direction between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder; And a rotating mechanism for rotating the chutes around the central axis.

  In the shaft type furnace, the spiral chute may be connected to the outer cylinder, and the rotation mechanism may rotate the helical chute by rotating the outer cylinder around the central axis.

  In the shaft type furnace, the raw material charging device may further include guide means provided along the inner edge of the spiral chute.

  In the shaft type furnace, the spiral chute may be connected to the inner cylinder, and the rotation mechanism may rotate the spiral chute by rotating the inner cylinder around the central axis.

  In the shaft type furnace, the raw material charging device may further include guide means provided along the outer edge of the spiral chute.

  In the shaft type furnace, the guide means may be formed of a cylindrical member provided around the central axis.

  In the shaft type furnace, the spiral chute is connected to both the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, and the rotation mechanism may rotate the spiral chute by rotating the outer cylinder or the inner cylinder around the central axis. .

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, according to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a raw material charging apparatus provided at the top of a furnace body of a shaft type furnace, and an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder provided around the same central axis A second raw material having a smaller particle size or a larger angle of repose than the first raw material is provided between the cylinder, the first raw material supply means for supplying the first raw material to the inside of the inner cylinder, and the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder. A second raw material supply means for supplying, a spiral chute provided at least once in the horizontal direction between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder and rotating the second chute down about the central axis. There is provided a raw material charging device comprising a rotating mechanism.

  In order to solve the above problem, according to still another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a raw material charging method in which the first raw material and the second raw material are charged into the furnace body using the raw material charging device. Suppose that the first raw material is supplied to the inside of the inner cylinder, and the second chute is supplied between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder while the helical chute is rotated by using a rotation mechanism, and the first raw material is slid down on the helical chute. A raw material charging method is provided.

  According to the above configuration, the first raw material passes through the inside of the inner cylinder, and the second raw material passes between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder and slides down on the spiral chute. Therefore, a raw material with a smaller angle of repose can be thrown into the center of the furnace from the inside of the inner cylinder as the first raw material. In addition, a raw material having a repose angle larger than that of the first raw material can be introduced as the second raw material from between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder to the outside of the first raw material. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the first raw material from flowing outside the furnace and depositing on the periphery. Moreover, the structure which rotates the spiral chute for sliding down a 2nd raw material is simple compared with the structure which can rotate and incline, for example.

  As described above, according to the present invention, the distribution of the raw material in the shaft type furnace can be improved using a simple structure. Therefore, the reaction in the shaft type furnace into which raw materials having different properties are charged can be stably continued.

It is a typical longitudinal section of the thermal decomposition furnace concerning a 1st embodiment of the present invention. It is a typical longitudinal cross-sectional view of the raw material injection | throwing-in apparatus which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a typical top view for demonstrating the input position of the raw material in the raw material input device which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a typical perspective view for demonstrating the input route of the raw material in the raw material input device which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a typical longitudinal cross-sectional view of the raw material input device which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a typical longitudinal cross-sectional view of the raw material input device which concerns on the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a typical longitudinal cross-sectional view of the raw material input device which concerns on the 4th Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the example of the conventional shaft type furnace. It is a figure which shows the test result in the conventional shaft type furnace. It is a photograph which shows the test result in the conventional shaft type furnace.

  Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the present specification and drawings, components having substantially the same functional configuration are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.

(First embodiment)
First, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

(Configuration of pyrolysis furnace)
FIG. 1 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a pyrolysis furnace 10 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 1, a pyrolysis furnace 10 that is a shaft type furnace according to this embodiment is a furnace having a substantially cylindrical furnace body 11. A raw material charging apparatus 100 is provided on the top of the furnace body 11. The raw material charging apparatus 100 includes a cylindrical outer cylinder 110 penetrating the furnace body 11 in the raw material charging direction, and an inner cylinder 120 inside the outer cylinder 110, and the first raw material from the inner cylinder 120 is The second raw material is charged into the furnace, that is, inside the furnace body 11 from between the inner cylinder 120 and the outer cylinder 110. The first raw material and the second raw material deposited and deposited in the furnace by the raw material charging apparatus 100 become pyrolysis gas, carbide and residue by the pyrolysis reaction. Pyrolysis gas is recovered from the top of the furnace body 11, and carbides and residues are recovered from the bottom of the furnace body 11. From the burner part at the lower part of the furnace body 11, one or both of air and oxygen, water vapor, or combustion exhaust gas are blown as reaction aids. In addition, the detailed structure of the raw material input device 100 including the elements omitted in FIG. 1 will be described later.

  The first raw material and the second raw material are raw materials having different particle size distributions. Hereinafter, in this specification, the representative value of the particle size distribution is simply referred to as “particle size”. In the present embodiment, the first material and the second material are materials having different particle sizes, and the particle size of the first material is larger than the particle size of the second material. Here, the angle of repose of the raw material is generally smaller for a raw material having a larger particle size and larger for a raw material having a smaller particle size. Accordingly, when the present invention is not carried out, when the first raw material and the second raw material charged in the furnace of the pyrolysis furnace 10 are deposited, the first raw material having a larger particle size is moved outward from the center of the furnace. The flow tends to be biased toward the periphery of the furnace.

  However, in the pyrolysis furnace 10, when the raw material is charged by the raw material charging device 100, the first raw material is positioned at the center of the furnace and the second raw material is positioned outside thereof. In other words, the first raw material and the second raw material are charged in a state of being biased opposite to the bias that may occur during deposition (the second raw material is at the center of the furnace and the first raw material is at the periphery of the furnace). The Accordingly, when the charged raw materials are deposited, even if the first raw material flows somewhat outward, it is offset by the position at the time of charging, and the first raw material is deposited in the peripheral portion of the furnace. Absent. Therefore, in the pyrolysis furnace 10, even when raw materials having different particle sizes are input, the raw materials are less likely to deposit unevenly for each particle size, and the thermal decomposition reaction can be continued stably.

  Here, the first raw material and the second raw material are not limited to raw materials having different particle sizes as described above. For example, the first raw material and the second raw material are raw materials having different repose angles, and the repose angle of the first raw material may be smaller than the repose angle of the second raw material. Even in this case, by using the pyrolysis furnace 10, it is possible to prevent the first raw material from being deposited unevenly on the periphery of the furnace and to enable the pyrolysis reaction to be stably continued.

  In addition, as a specific example of the combination of the first raw material and the second raw material, the first raw material is RPF (Refuse Paper & Plastic Fuel), which is a waste tire cut or waste plastic solid, and the second raw material is wood biomass crushed material Or there is a combination of fluffy waste plastic. Further, for example, the first raw material may be a large waste crushed or bag-shaped waste, and the second raw material may be general waste. Thus, the first raw material and the second raw material may be the same material, such as RPF and fluffy waste plastic, or may be different materials. The first raw material and the second raw material may be a mixture of a plurality of substances such as waste.

  Furthermore, for the first raw material and the second raw material, when the gas flow near the center in the shaft type furnace becomes too fast due to the characteristics on the apparatus and the characteristics of the reaction state in the furnace, Conversely, a raw material having a smaller particle size can be introduced as the first raw material, and thereby the gas flow can be controlled to stabilize the reaction in the furnace.

(Configuration of raw material charging equipment)
FIG. 2 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of the raw material charging apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. Hereinafter, each part of the raw material charging apparatus 100 will be described with reference to FIG.

  The outer cylinder 110 extends in the raw material charging direction and passes through an opening at the top of the furnace body 11. The outer cylinder 110 is provided around the central axis C. The outer cylinder 110 is supported rotatably about the central axis C by support seal members 164 a and 164 b provided on the ceiling surface of the housing 160 and the opening end of the furnace body 11. The second raw material is introduced into the outer cylinder 110 by a screw conveyor 162 provided above the outer cylinder 110, passes between the outer cylinder 110 and the inner cylinder 120, and falls into the furnace. A spiral chute 130 for sliding down the second raw material is connected to the inner surface of the outer cylinder 110. The outer cylinder 110 is provided with a flange-shaped gear 110g. The gear 110g meshes with the gear 145 of the rotation mechanism 140, and rotates the outer cylinder 110 about the central axis C by the rotation transmitted from the gear 145. As a drive mechanism for rotating the outer cylinder 110, various drive mechanisms such as a chain drive system and a belt rotation system may be used instead of the gear mechanism.

  The inner cylinder 120 is provided around the central axis C and is located inside the outer cylinder 110. The inner cylinder 120 penetrates the ceiling surface of the housing 160 and protrudes upward, and is fixed to the ceiling surface of the housing 160. The upper part of the inner cylinder 120 forms first raw material supply means 121 that supplies the first raw material to the inner side of the inner cylinder 120. The first raw material supply unit 121 may include a conveyance unit such as a hopper or a conveyor (not shown). The first raw material supplied by the first raw material supply means 121 passes through the inner cylinder 120 and falls into the furnace. The first raw material supply means 121 includes seal valves 122a to 122d, and shuts off the space extending from the inner cylinder 120 to the furnace and the external space. The seal valve 122 prevents the pyrolysis gas in the furnace from leaking into the atmosphere and mixing of the atmosphere into the furnace. Note that the seal valve 122 does not necessarily have to be constituted by four valves, and other seal structures may be adopted as necessary.

  The spiral chute 130 is provided between the outer cylinder 110 and the inner cylinder 120, and forms a sliding surface 130 s that descends while circling a hollow cylindrical space between the outer cylinder 110 and the inner cylinder 120. The spiral chute 130 makes at least one round of the hollow cylindrical space in the horizontal direction. In the process of passing through the hollow cylindrical space between the outer cylinder 110 and the inner cylinder 120 and falling into the furnace, the second raw material collides with the downhill surface 130s of the spiral chute 130 and spirals from there. Slide down the downhill surface 130s to the lower end of the chute 130. An end of the spiral chute 130 on the outer cylinder 110 side is connected to the outer cylinder 110. Therefore, the helical chute 130 rotates around the central axis C of the outer cylinder 110 as the outer cylinder 110 rotates. A guide means 150 is connected to the end of the spiral chute 130 on the inner cylinder 120 side.

  The rotation mechanism 140 includes a motor 141, a speed reducer 142, a drive shaft 143, a support member 144, a support seal member 165, and a gear 145. Various configurations known as a conventional rotating mechanism can be applied to the rotating mechanism 140. The rotation generated by the rotation drive of the motor 141 provided outside the housing 160 is decelerated by the speed reducer 142 provided similarly outside the housing 160 and transmitted to the drive shaft 143. The drive shaft 143 passes through the opening on the ceiling surface of the housing 160 and transmits the rotation to the gear 145 inside the housing 160. The drive shaft 143 is rotatably supported by a support seal member 165 provided at the open end of the ceiling surface of the housing 160 and a support member 144 provided on the furnace body 11. The gear 145 meshes with the gear 110g of the outer cylinder 110, and the rotation of the gear 145 is transmitted to the gear 110g to rotate the outer cylinder 110 about the central axis C. In the rotation mechanism 140, by further providing a control unit (not shown) that controls the rotation speed of the motor 141, it is possible to change the rotation speed of the outer cylinder 110 in accordance with a change in the amount of raw material input. .

  The guide means 150 includes a spiral chute along the inner edge of the spiral chute 130 in order to prevent the second raw material sliding down the slide surface 130 s of the spiral chute 130 from falling from the slide surface 130 s toward the inner cylinder 120. 130 is provided. The guide means 150 may be, for example, a spiral member provided so as to stand upright by a predetermined height from the end of the spiral chute 130 on the inner cylinder 120 side. However, the guide means 150 is preferably formed of a cylindrical member that is provided around the central axis C and covers the entire inner edge of the spiral chute 130 as shown. The reason for this will be described later.

  The housing 160 forms a space including the outer cylinder 110 and the drive shaft 143 of the rotation mechanism 140, the support member 144, the support seal member 165, and the gear 145 on the furnace body 11. A part of the housing 160 forms a second raw material supply means 161 for supplying a second raw material between the outer cylinder 110 and the inner cylinder 120. The second raw material supply unit 161 may include a conveyance unit such as a hopper or a conveyor (not shown). The second raw material is conveyed in the horizontal direction to a position corresponding to the inner side of the outer cylinder 110 by the screw conveyor 162 included in the second raw material supply means 161, and is supplied between the outer cylinder 110 and the inner cylinder 120 therefrom. The screw conveyor 162 is provided to prevent interference between the first raw material charging path and the second raw material charging path. Therefore, instead of the screw conveyor, other transport devices such as a transport device using a pusher may be provided. Furthermore, for example, when the interval between the outer cylinder 110 and the inner cylinder 120 is large and the first material charging path and the second material charging path do not interfere with each other, the screw conveyor 162 is not necessarily provided. . Furthermore, the second raw material supply means 161 includes seal valves 163a to 163d similar to the seal valves 122a to 122d, and shuts off the space extending from the outer cylinder 110 into the furnace and the external space. Note that the seal valve 163 is not necessarily constituted by four valves, and other seal structures may be adopted as necessary.

  Further, a support seal member 164 a that supports the upper end portion of the outer cylinder 110 is provided on the ceiling surface of the housing 160, and a support portion that supports an intermediate portion of the outer cylinder 110 is provided at the opening end portion of the furnace body 11 inside the housing 160. A seal member 164b is provided. The support seal member 164 bears the load of the outer cylinder 110 and supports the outer cylinder 110 so as to be rotatable about the central axis C, and further, a space extending through the outer cylinder 110 into the furnace and the outer cylinder 110. The space between the outer housing 160 and the inner space is blocked. The load on the outer cylinder 110 can be borne by either or both of the support seal member 164a and the support seal member 164b. The support seal member 164 prevents the pyrolysis gas from leaking into the internal space of the housing 160 where the mechanical structure is installed. A support seal member 165 that supports the drive shaft 143 is provided at the end of the opening of the ceiling surface of the housing 160 through which the drive shaft 143 passes. The support seal member 165 supports the drive shaft 143 in a rotatable manner and blocks between the internal space and the external space of the housing 160.

(Raw material input route)
With reference to FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, a mechanism in which the first raw material is introduced into the center of the pyrolysis furnace 10 and the second raw material is introduced to the outside by the outer cylinder 110 and the inner cylinder 120 will be further described.

  FIG. 3 is a schematic top view for explaining a raw material charging position in the raw material charging apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 3, the first raw material falls inside the inner cylinder 120. On the other hand, the second raw material is transported in the horizontal direction by the screw conveyor 162 and then falls between the outer cylinder 110 and the inner cylinder 120 from the end of the screw conveyor 162. The dropped second raw material slides down on the spiral chute 130.

  FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view for explaining a raw material charging path in the raw material charging apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 4, the first raw material falls inside the inner cylinder 120. On the other hand, after the second raw material falls between the outer cylinder 110 and the inner cylinder 120, it collides with the downhill surface 130 s of the spiral chute 130 and slides down on the downhill surface 130 s from there to the lower end of the helical chute 130. . Thereafter, the second raw material falls from the position of the lower end of the spiral chute 130 into the furnace. That is, the position at which the second raw material is charged into the furnace from the raw material charging apparatus 100 is the lower end position of the spiral chute 130.

  Here, as described above, since the spiral chute 130 rotates around the central axis C, the position of the lower end of the spiral chute 130 also rotates around the central axis C. Therefore, the position where the second raw material is charged into the furnace from the raw material charging device 100 circulates around the central axis C by the rotation of the spiral chute 130. Therefore, by continuously feeding the second raw material by the screw conveyor 162 while rotating the spiral chute 130 through the outer cylinder 110, the second raw material is made to go around the outside of the first raw material in order. It becomes possible to input.

  For example, when the spiral chute 130 makes one round in the hollow cylindrical space between the outer cylinder 110 and the inner cylinder 120 in the horizontal direction as in the illustrated example, the second raw material is The maximum free fall from the upper end of the outer cylinder 110 to the vicinity of the lower end of the spiral chute 130 will occur. In such a case, in order to prevent the second raw material from falling from the sliding surface 130s to the inner cylinder 120 side and being bitten between the spiral chute 130 and the inner cylinder 120, the guide means 150 includes: A cylindrical member that covers the entire inner edge of the spiral chute 130 is preferable.

(Second Embodiment)
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In the second embodiment, the configuration of the pyrolysis furnace 10 and the raw material charging path are substantially the same as those in the first embodiment, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

(Configuration of raw material charging equipment)
FIG. 5 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a raw material charging apparatus 200 according to the second embodiment of the present invention. Hereinafter, each part of the raw material charging apparatus 200 will be described with reference to FIG.

  The outer cylinder 210 extends in the raw material charging direction and passes through an opening at the top of the furnace body 11. The outer cylinder 210 is provided around the central axis C. The outer cylinder 210 is supported rotatably about the central axis C by a support seal member 164b provided at the opening end of the furnace body 11. A spiral chute 130 that slides down the second raw material is connected to the inner surface of the outer cylinder 210. The spiral chute 130 is also connected to the rotating inner cylinder 220b, and the outer cylinder 210 rotates about the central axis C by the rotation transmitted from the rotating inner cylinder 220b via the spiral chute 130.

  The inner cylinder 220 is configured such that a fixed inner cylinder 220a and a rotating inner cylinder 220b provided around a central axis C are rotatably connected. The fixed inner cylinder 220a is fixed above the rotating inner cylinder 220b by support means (not shown), and is connected to the rotating inner cylinder 220b via a support seal member 223. The upper part of the fixed inner cylinder 220a forms the first raw material supply means 121. The rotating inner cylinder 220b protrudes upward through the outer cylinder 210 and the openings of the intermediate floor 266 and the ceiling surface of the housing 260. The rotating inner cylinder 220b has a central axis C formed by a support seal member 223 at a connection portion with the fixed inner cylinder 220a, and support seal members 264a and 264b provided at each opening end of the ceiling surface of the housing 260 and the intermediate floor 266. It is rotatably supported as a center.

  In addition, regarding the rotating inner cylinder 220b, and the spiral chute 130 and the outer cylinder 210 connected to the rotating inner cylinder 220b, the loads of these members are structurally close to the gear 220g that receives rotational driving from the rotating mechanism 140. It is preferable to be borne, for example, it is preferably borne by either or both of the support seal member 264a and the support seal member 264b.

  The rotating inner cylinder 220b and the outer cylinder 210 connected to the rotating inner cylinder 220b are supported in the horizontal direction (rotating direction) by four support seal members 223, 264a, 264b, and 164b. Therefore, in two of the above support seal members, for example, the support seal member 223 and the support seal member 264b, the gap between the support portions is increased so that each support point can rotate smoothly without interfering with each other. It is desirable.

  Further, a flange-shaped gear 220g is provided at a portion of the rotating inner cylinder 220b between the intermediate floor 266 of the housing 260 and the ceiling surface. The gear 220g meshes with the gear 145 of the rotating mechanism 140, and rotates the rotating inner cylinder 220b around the central axis C by the rotation transmitted from the gear 145. As a drive mechanism for rotating the rotating inner cylinder 220b, various drive mechanisms such as a chain drive system and a rotation system may be used instead of the gear mechanism.

  An intermediate floor 266 is provided in the housing 260. A support member 144 for the rotation mechanism 140 is provided on the intermediate floor 266. By providing the intermediate floor 266, it is possible to transmit the rotation to the rotating inner cylinder 220b inside the outer cylinder 210 without increasing the size of the gear 220g for rotating the rotating inner cylinder 220b.

  Support seal members 264a and 264b that support the intermediate portion of the rotating inner cylinder 220b are provided on the ceiling surface of the housing 260 and the opening end portions of the intermediate floor 266, respectively. These support seal members 264 support the rotating inner cylinder 220b so as to be rotatable about the central axis C. The support seal member 264a blocks between the upper space of the intermediate floor 266 and the external space. The support seal member 264b blocks a space below the intermediate floor 266 from the outer cylinder 210 to the furnace and a space where the mechanical structure above the intermediate floor 266 is installed.

  In the present embodiment, the first raw material is supplied to the inner side of the inner cylinder 220 by the first raw material supply means 121, passes through the fixed inner cylinder 220a and then the inner side of the rotating inner cylinder 220b, and falls into the furnace. On the other hand, the second raw material is supplied between the outer cylinder 210 and the rotating inner cylinder 220b by the second raw material supply means 161. The dropped second raw material collides with the downhill surface 130 s of the spiral chute 130 and slides down the downhill surface 130 s from there to the lower end of the helical chute 130.

  In addition, in the raw material input device 200 according to the present embodiment, a member corresponding to the guide unit 150 in the first embodiment is not provided. This is because the spiral chute 130 is connected to both the outer cylinder 210 and the rotating inner cylinder 220b, and the second raw material is prevented from falling from the sliding surface 130s.

(Modification)
As a modification of the present embodiment, instead of providing the gear 220g on the rotating inner cylinder 220b, the outer cylinder 210 is provided with a gear 210g similar to the gear 110g in the first embodiment, and the outer cylinder 210 is rotated by the rotation mechanism 140. May be. In this case, since the arrangement of the rotation mechanism 140 is the same as the arrangement shown in FIG. 2, the intermediate floor 266 can be omitted. In addition, about the outer cylinder 210, it becomes the structure of a support sealing material similar to FIG.

(Third embodiment)
Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In the third embodiment, the configuration of the pyrolysis furnace 10 and the raw material charging path are substantially the same as those in the second embodiment, and thus detailed description thereof is omitted.
(Configuration of raw material charging equipment)
FIG. 6 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a raw material charging apparatus 300 according to the third embodiment of the present invention. Hereinafter, each part of the raw material charging apparatus 300 will be described with reference to FIG. The raw material charging apparatus 300 includes a guide unit 350 and is different from the raw material charging apparatus 200 described with reference to FIG. 5 in that the outer cylinder 310 is fixed to the furnace body 11.

  The outer cylinder 310 extends in the raw material charging direction and passes through an opening at the top of the furnace body 11. The outer cylinder 310 is provided around the central axis C. The outer cylinder 310 is fixed to the furnace body 11. The second raw material passes between the outer cylinder 310 and the rotating inner cylinder 220b and is charged into the furnace. A guide means 350 is interposed between the space through which the second raw material passes and the outer cylinder 310. Therefore, the second raw material does not contact the inner side surface of the outer cylinder 310 in the portion where the guide means 350 is provided.

  The guide means 350 includes a spiral chute along the outer edge of the spiral chute 130 in order to prevent the second raw material that slides down the slide down surface 130s of the spiral chute 130 from falling from the slide down surface 130s to the outer cylinder 310 side. 130 is provided. The guide means 350 may be, for example, a spiral member provided to stand upright by a predetermined height from the end of the spiral chute 130 on the outer tube 310 side. However, the guide means 350 is preferably formed of a cylindrical member that is provided around the central axis C and covers the entire outer edge of the spiral chute 130 as shown. The reason is the same as in the case of the guide means 150 described above.

(Fourth embodiment)
Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In the fourth embodiment, the configuration of the pyrolysis furnace 10 is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment, and thus detailed description thereof is omitted.

(Configuration of raw material charging equipment)
FIG. 7 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a raw material charging apparatus 400 according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. Hereinafter, each part of the raw material charging apparatus 400 will be described with reference to FIG. The raw material charging apparatus 400 is provided with an additional outer cylinder 410 outside the outer cylinder 110 of the raw material charging apparatus 100 described with reference to FIG. 2, and in addition to the first raw material and the second raw material, The third raw material is introduced from between the additional outer cylinder 410.

  A 3rd raw material is a raw material from which a particle size differs from a 1st raw material and a 2nd raw material, and the particle size of a 2nd raw material is larger than the particle size of a 3rd raw material. That is, the magnitude relation of the particle size is first material> second material> third material. Therefore, when the present invention is not carried out, when the first raw material, the second raw material, and the third raw material charged in the furnace of the pyrolysis furnace 10 are deposited, the first raw material> the second raw material> the third. In the order of raw materials, it tends to flow from the center of the furnace to the outside and be biased toward the periphery of the furnace. Note that the first raw material, the second raw material, and the third raw material are not necessarily raw materials having different particle sizes, and may be raw materials that exhibit the above-described tendency due to different angles of repose, for example.

  Therefore, the raw material input device 400 supplies the first raw material to the center of the furnace, the second raw material to the outside, and the third raw material to the outside. That is, the first raw material, the second raw material, and the third raw material are charged into the furnace in a state that is biased in the opposite direction to the bias that may occur during deposition. Therefore, when each of the charged raw materials is deposited, even if the second raw material flows to the outside and the first raw material flows further to the outside, the first raw material and the second raw material are offset by the position at the time of charging. It does not reach the state of being deposited unevenly on the periphery of the furnace.

  Similar to the outer cylinder 110 and the inner cylinder 120, the additional outer cylinder 410 is provided around the central axis C and penetrates the opening at the top of the furnace body 11. The additional outer cylinder 410 is rotatably supported around the central axis C by support seal members 464a and 464b provided on the ceiling surface of the additional housing 460 and the opening end of the furnace body 11. The third raw material is introduced inside the additional outer cylinder 410 by the screw conveyor 462 provided above the additional outer cylinder 410, passes between the additional outer cylinder 410 and the outer cylinder 110, and falls into the furnace. . An additional spiral chute 430 that slides down the third raw material is connected to the inner surface of the additional outer cylinder 410. Further, the additional outer cylinder 410 is provided with a flange-shaped gear 410g. The gear 410g meshes with the gear 445 of the additional rotation mechanism 440, and rotates the additional outer cylinder 410 about the central axis C by the rotation transmitted from the gear 445. As a drive mechanism for rotating the additional outer cylinder 410, various drive mechanisms such as a chain drive system and a belt rotation system may be used instead of the gear mechanism.

  The additional spiral chute 430 is provided between the additional outer cylinder 410 and the outer cylinder 110, and forms a sliding surface 430s that descends while circling the hollow cylindrical space between the additional outer cylinder 410 and the outer cylinder 110. To do. The additional spiral chute 430 makes at least one round of the hollow cylindrical space in the horizontal direction. The end of the additional spiral chute 430 on the side of the additional outer cylinder 410 is connected to the additional outer cylinder 410. Therefore, the additional spiral chute 430 rotates around the central axis C of the additional outer cylinder 410 as the additional outer cylinder 410 rotates. Further, an additional guide means 450 is connected to the end of the additional spiral chute 430 on the outer cylinder 110 side.

  The additional rotation mechanism 440 includes a motor 441, a speed reducer 442, a drive shaft 443, a support member 444, a support seal member 465, and a gear 445. These elements are substantially the same components as the motor 141, the speed reducer 142, the drive shaft 143, the support member 144, the support seal member 165, and the gear 145 included in the rotation mechanism 140, respectively. The gear 145 meshes with the gear 410g of the additional outer cylinder 410 instead of the outer cylinder 110 to transmit the rotation, and rotates the additional outer cylinder 410 about the central axis C.

  The additional guide means 450 is arranged along the inner edge of the additional spiral chute 430 in order to prevent the third raw material that slides down the downhill surface 430s of the additional spiral chute 430 from falling from the downhill surface 430s to the outer cylinder 110 side. An additional spiral chute 430 is provided to be connected. The additional guide unit 450 may be, for example, a spiral member provided so as to stand upright by a predetermined height from the end of the additional spiral chute 430 on the outer tube 110 side. However, the additional guide means 450 is preferably a cylindrical member provided around the central axis C and covering the entire inner edge of the additional spiral chute 430, as shown. The reason is the same as in the case of the guide means 150 described above.

  The additional housing 460 forms a space on the furnace body 11 including the additional outer cylinder 410 and the drive shaft 443 of the additional rotation mechanism 440, the support member 444, the support seal member 465, and the gear 445. Part of the additional housing 460 forms a third raw material supply unit 461 that supplies the third raw material between the additional outer cylinder 410 and the outer cylinder 110. The third raw material supply unit 461 may include a conveyance unit such as a hopper or a conveyor (not shown). The third raw material is conveyed in the horizontal direction to a position corresponding to the inside of the additional outer cylinder 410 by the screw conveyor 462 included in the third raw material supply means 461, and is supplied between the additional outer cylinder 410 and the outer cylinder 110 from there. . The third raw material supply means 461 includes seal valves 463a to 463d. The 3rd raw material supply means 461, screw conveyor 462, and seal valve 463 are the same components as the 2nd raw material supply means 161, screw conveyor 162, and seal valve 163, respectively.

  Further, a support seal member 464 a that supports the upper end portion of the additional outer cylinder 410 is provided on the ceiling surface of the additional housing 460, and an intermediate portion of the additional outer cylinder 410 is provided at the opening end of the furnace body 11 inside the additional housing 460. A support seal member 464b is provided to support. The support seal member 464 bears the load of the additional outer cylinder 410 and supports the additional outer cylinder 410 so as to be rotatable about the central axis C. Further, the support seal member 464 passes through the additional outer cylinder 410 and reaches the inside of the furnace. The space between the additional housing 460 outside the cylinder 410 is blocked. The load of the additional outer cylinder 410 is borne by either or both of the support seal member 464a and the support seal member 464b. The support seal member 464 prevents the pyrolysis gas from leaking into the internal space of the additional housing 460 in which the mechanical structure is installed. Further, a support seal member 465 similar to the support seal member 165 is provided at the end of the opening of the ceiling surface of the additional housing 460 through which the drive shaft 443 passes.

  Here, the raw material charging apparatus 400 includes the same components as those of the raw material charging apparatus 100 described with reference to FIG. These components are provided not on the furnace body 11 but on the additional housing 460, and the first raw material and the second raw material are introduced into the furnace of the pyrolysis furnace 10 through the internal space of the additional housing 460. Although different from the case of the raw material charging apparatus 100, the other points are the same as those in the raw material charging apparatus 100, and thus detailed description is omitted by attaching the same reference numerals.

(Raw material input route)
In the present embodiment, the mechanism in which the first raw material and the second raw material are charged is the same as the mechanism described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4. Further, the mechanism for introducing the third raw material is the same as this.

  Specifically, the third raw material is transported in the horizontal direction by the screw conveyor 462 and then falls between the additional outer cylinder 410 and the outer cylinder 110 from the end of the screw conveyor 462. The dropped third raw material collides with the downhill surface 430s of the additional spiral chute 430, and then slides down on the downhill surface 430s from there to the lower end of the additional spiral chute 430. Thereafter, the third raw material falls from the position of the lower end of the additional spiral chute 430 into the furnace. That is, the position where the third raw material is charged into the furnace from the raw material charging device 400 is the position of the lower end of the additional spiral chute 430.

  Here, as described above, since the additional spiral chute 430 rotates about the central axis C, the position of the lower end of the additional spiral chute 430 also rotates about the central axis C. Therefore, the position where the third raw material is charged into the furnace from the raw material charging device 400 circulates around the central axis C by the rotation of the additional spiral chute 430. Therefore, by continuously feeding the third raw material by the screw conveyer 462 while rotating the additional spiral chute 430 through the additional outer cylinder 410, the third raw material circulates outside the second raw material. Can be introduced sequentially.

(Modification)
As is clear from the above description, the relationship between the additional outer cylinder 410 and the outer cylinder 110 in the present embodiment is the same as the relationship between the outer cylinder 110 and the inner cylinder 120 in the first embodiment. Therefore, by applying this relationship recursively, it is possible to realize a raw material charging apparatus in which an additional outer cylinder is further installed outside the additional outer cylinder 410. That is, as a modification of the present embodiment related to the raw material input device 400 having a triple cylinder structure for supplying three divided raw materials, the raw material input device may be a quadruple cylinder structure for supplying, for example, four divided raw materials, or 5 It is good also as a 5 cylinder structure which throws in the divided raw material. The number of raw material sections and the number of cylinders can be determined according to, for example, the furnace diameter of the pyrolysis furnace 10 or the height of the space in which the raw material charging apparatus is provided. Further, the raw material charging apparatus 400 according to the present embodiment is obtained by adding an additional outer cylinder to the raw material charging apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment. Similarly, the raw material charging apparatus according to the second embodiment is used. 200 or an additional outer cylinder may be added to the raw material charging apparatus 300 according to the third embodiment.

(Summary)
According to each of the embodiments of the present invention described above, the raw material that flows easily to the outside when depositing in the furnace of the shaft type furnace is charged as a first raw material at a position close to the center of the furnace. It is possible to prevent the unevenness of the raw material between the inner central portion and the peripheral portion. Therefore, the reaction in the furnace becomes more uniform, and the reaction can be continued stably.

  In addition, a spiral chute is provided between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder, and the spiral chute is connected to the outer cylinder or the inner cylinder and rotated around the central axis C, for example, to supply the second raw material from the upper part. Even if the position to be fixed is fixed, the charged second raw material can be horizontally circulated along the spiral chute, dispersed outside the first raw material, and charged into the furnace. It should be noted that whether the spiral chute is connected to the outer cylinder or the inner cylinder can be selected according to the furnace diameter of the shaft furnace and the height of the space in which the raw material charging apparatus is provided. In addition, when the cross-sectional shape of the shaft type furnace is circular, the effect of preventing the uneven distribution of the raw material is the highest. An effect can be obtained.

  The raw material charging device according to each of the above embodiments realizes improvement of the distribution of the raw material in the furnace by a single operation of rotating the outer cylinder or the inner cylinder. The structure of these apparatuses is simple compared to a raw material charging apparatus that performs a plurality of operations such as rotation and inclination, and is practically installed in a shaft type furnace such as an incinerator, a melting furnace, or a pyrolysis furnace. It can be.

  In the raw material charging apparatus according to each of the above embodiments, guide means may be provided at a side end portion not connected to the outer cylinder or the inner cylinder of the spiral chute. This prevents the raw material from falling between the spiral chute and the outer cylinder or the inner cylinder, can reliably improve the distribution of the raw material in the furnace, and rotate the spiral chute by biting the raw material, etc. Can be prevented from becoming unstable. In addition, when the both ends of the spiral chute are respectively connected to the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder function as guide means, respectively, so that separate guide means may not be provided.

  In addition, as an example of the shaft type furnace, each of the above embodiments has been described with respect to the pyrolysis furnace, but the present invention is also implemented in various shaft type furnaces such as an incinerator, a melting furnace, a cupola, and a blast furnace. Can be done.

  In addition, the raw material charging device of the present invention is most effective when used in a shaft-type furnace where gas needs to be diffused and raised as uniformly as possible in the raw material in the furnace. Therefore, it is considered that a shaft furnace is most preferable as a target for installing the raw material charging apparatus of the present invention. However, in addition to the shaft type furnace, the raw material charging apparatus of the present invention can be applied to any furnace in which the raw material is charged from the top of the furnace body and gas needs to be passed through the raw material. For example, in an electric furnace or the like, when the raw material is first charged into the furnace, the raw material charging device of the present invention can be used.

  Furthermore, the configuration of the raw material charging apparatus shown in the figure is exemplary. For example, the shape of the housing and the charging port, how to divide the section blocked by the seal, the arrangement of the rotation mechanism, and the length of each cylindrical member Etc. can be appropriately determined as necessary.

Next, examples of the present invention will be described. In this example, the test was carried out by introducing raw materials into the pyrolysis furnace 10 shown in FIGS. The cross-sectional area of the pyrolysis furnace 10 is 0.9 (m ² ), and the height from the burner part to the top of the furnace is 4 (m). In order to maintain the reaction temperature by partially burning the raw material, oxygen and water vapor are blown from the burner portion. The raw materials charged into the pyrolysis furnace 10 in this example are shown in Table 2 below.

  Of the above raw materials, the waste tire with the largest particle size is fed into the center of the pyrolysis furnace 10 as the first raw material, and other woody biomass and waste plastic are put into the outside of the waste tire as the second raw material and tested. Carried out. As a result, the clinker did not stick to the furnace body, and the thermal decomposition reaction was stably continued.

  The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to such examples. It is obvious that a person having ordinary knowledge in the technical field to which the present invention pertains can come up with various changes or modifications within the scope of the technical idea described in the claims. Of course, it is understood that these also belong to the technical scope of the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Pyrolysis furnace 11 Furnace body 100,200,300,400 Raw material injection | throwing-in apparatus 110,210,310 Outer cylinder 120,220 Inner cylinder 121 1st raw material supply means 130 Spiral chute 140 Rotation mechanism 150,350 Guide means 161 2nd Raw material supply means 410 Additional outer cylinder 430 Additional spiral chute 440 Additional rotation mechanism 450 Additional guide means 461 Third raw material supply means C Center shaft

Claims (9)

A shaft type furnace comprising a furnace body and a raw material charging device provided at the top of the furnace body,
The raw material charging device is:
An outer cylinder and an inner cylinder provided around the same central axis;
First raw material supply means for supplying a first raw material to the inside of the inner cylinder;
A second raw material supply means for supplying a second raw material having a smaller particle size or a large angle of repose than the first raw material between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder;
A spiral chute that is provided between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder in a horizontal direction at least once, and slides down the second raw material;
And a rotating mechanism for rotating the helical chute about the central axis. The spiral chute is connected to the outer cylinder,
The shaft-type furnace according to claim 1, wherein the rotating mechanism rotates the spiral chute by rotating the outer cylinder about the central axis.   The shaft type furnace according to claim 2, wherein the raw material charging device further includes guide means provided along an inner edge of the spiral chute. The spiral chute is connected to the inner cylinder,
The shaft type furnace according to claim 1, wherein the rotating mechanism rotates the spiral chute by rotating the inner cylinder about the central axis.   The shaft type furnace according to claim 4, wherein the raw material charging device further includes guide means provided along an outer edge of the spiral chute.   The shaft type furnace according to claim 3 or 5, wherein the guide means comprises a cylindrical member provided around the central axis. The spiral chute is connected to both the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder,
The shaft type furnace according to claim 1, wherein the rotating mechanism rotates the spiral chute by rotating the outer cylinder or the inner cylinder about the central axis. A raw material charging device provided at the top of the furnace body of the furnace,
An outer cylinder and an inner cylinder provided around the same central axis;
First raw material supply means for supplying a first raw material to the inside of the inner cylinder;
A second raw material supply means for supplying a second raw material having a smaller particle size or a large angle of repose than the first raw material between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder;
A spiral chute that is provided between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder in a horizontal direction at least once, and slides down the second raw material;
And a rotation mechanism for rotating the helical chute about the central axis. A raw material charging method for charging the first raw material and the second raw material into the furnace body using the raw material charging device according to claim 8 ,
Supplying the first raw material to the inside of the inner cylinder;
A raw material charging method characterized in that the second raw material is supplied between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder to slide down the helical chute while rotating the helical chute using the rotating mechanism. .