JP5636059B2 - ナトリウムイオン分離膜を用いて水素を産生するための方法およびシステム - Google Patents
ナトリウムイオン分離膜を用いて水素を産生するための方法およびシステム Download PDFInfo
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- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 61
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims description 60
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 60
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 29
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title claims description 24
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 23
- FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium cation Chemical compound [Na+] FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 18
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 138
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 95
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 94
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 86
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 49
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 49
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- -1 sodium cations Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N furosemide Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(S(=O)(=O)N)=CC(C(O)=O)=C1NCC1=CC=CO1 ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 7
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical class [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 4
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 2
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 2
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002228 NASICON Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910002090 carbon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002255 enzymatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005431 greenhouse gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur monoxide Chemical class S=O XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052815 sulfur oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J7/00—Apparatus for generating gases
- B01J7/02—Apparatus for generating gases by wet methods
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/06—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
- C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/14—Alkali metal compounds
- C25B1/16—Hydroxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
- C25B9/70—Assemblies comprising two or more cells
- C25B9/73—Assemblies comprising two or more cells of the filter-press type
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C1/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of solutions
- C25C1/02—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of solutions of light metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C7/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells; Servicing or operating of cells
- C25C7/04—Diaphragms; Spacing elements
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
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- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
- Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
Description
本出願は、2009年12月7日に出願された、標題「ナトリウムイオン分離膜を用いて水素を製造するための方法およびシステム」の米国特許正規出願第12/632,058号(参照によりその全体が本明細書に組み込まれる)の利益および優先権を主張する。
本発明は、アルバータ社(Alberta Limited)とバッテルエネルギー同盟社(Battelle Energy Alliance, LLC)との間の共同研究開発契約の下、米国エネルギー省により授与された契約番号第DEAC05ID14517号でなされたものである。米国政府は本発明に一定の権利を有する。
アノード:2OH−→1/2O2+H2O+2e− 反応1
カソード:2Na++2e−→2Na 反応2
全体:2NaOH→2Na+1/2O2+H2O 反応3
Na+H2O→NaOH(aq)+1/2H2 反応4
Claims (15)
- アノライトチャンバー、カソライトチャンバー、およびアノライトチャンバーとカソライトチャンバーとの間のナトリウムイオン分離膜を含む電解セルのアノライトチャンバー中に、第1水性水酸化ナトリウム流れを供給すること;
不活性な化合物を電解セルのカソライトチャンバー中に供給すること;
電解セルに電位をかけて、アノライトチャンバー中でナトリウムカチオン、酸素、および水を形成させ、ナトリウムカチオンを、アノライトチャンバーから膜を越えてカソライトチャンバー中へ選択的に輸送すること;
カソライトチャンバーにおいてナトリウムカチオンを電子と合わせて液相のナトリウムを形成させること;
カソライトチャンバーからの液相のナトリウムを反応器において水と組み合わせて、水素および第2水性水酸化ナトリウム流れを産生すること;
を含む、水素を産生する方法。 - 第2水性水酸化ナトリウム流れを第1水性水酸化ナトリウム流れと組み合わせることをさらに含む、請求項1記載の方法。
- 不活性な化合物を電解セルのカソライトチャンバー中に供給することが、鉱油を電解セルのカソライトチャンバー中に供給することを含む、請求項1記載の方法。
- カソライトチャンバー中において液相ナトリウムを鉱油中に浸すことをさらに含む、請求項3記載の方法。
- 電解セルに電位をかけることが、太陽光発電、地熱、水力、風力、および原子力の少なくとも1つから電解セルに電気を供給することを含む、請求項3記載の方法。
- 液相ナトリウムを水と組み合わせて高圧水素を産生する前に、液相ナトリウムおよび水を加圧することを更に含む、請求項1記載の方法。
- 水および不純物の少なくとも一部を水素から分離することをさらに含む、請求項1記載の方法。
- 反応器で液相ナトリウムを水と組み合わせて、水素および第2水性水酸化ナトリウム流れを産生することが:
液相ナトリウムを反応器中に供給し;水を反応器中に供給し;反応器中で液相ナトリウムと水とを反応させ;水素および第2水性水酸化ナトリウム流れを生成させることを含む、請求項1記載の方法。 - 反応器中の発熱反応から生じる熱を用いて液相ナトリウムおよび水を加熱することをさらに含む、請求項8記載の方法。
- 液相のナトリウムおよび水を反応器中に供給することが:
液相のナトリウムを反応器中に98℃より高い温度で供給し;そして
過熱水または蒸気を反応器中に供給することを含む、請求項8記載の方法。 - 第2水性水酸化ナトリウム流れを第1水性水酸化ナトリウム流れと組み合わせて、さらなる液相のナトリウムを形成することを更に含む、請求項1記載の方法。
- 水性水酸化ナトリウムをナトリウムおよび水酸化物に変換するように設定された、少なくとも1つの電解セル;
少なくとも1つの電解セルに連結され、少なくとも1つの電解セルに電流を供給するように設定された、少なくとも1つのエネルギー源;および
少なくとも1つの電解セルにより産生された液相のナトリウムを水と反応させて水素ガスおよび水性水酸化ナトリウムを産生するように設定された、少なくとも1つの反応器;
を含む、水素産生システムであって、
該電解セルが、アノライトチャンバー、カソライトチャンバー、およびアノライトチャンバーとカソライトチャンバーの間の膜を含み、アノライトチャンバーの底部が第1インレット、アノライトチャンバーの上部が第1アウトレットを有し、カソライトチャンバーの上部が第2インレット、カソライトチャンバーの底部が第2アウトレットを有する、上記システム。 - 少なくとも1つの反応器によって産生された水素から水分および不純物を除去するように設定された少なくとも1つのガス分離器を更に含む、請求項12記載のシステム。
- 膜が、ナトリウムカチオンをアノライトチャンバーからカソライトチャンバーへ輸送するように設定されたNaSICON膜を含む、請求項12記載のシステム。
- 少なくとも1つの反応器で産生された水性水酸化ナトリウムを少なくとも1つの電解セルに戻すように設定された少なくとも1つの導管を更に含む、請求項12記載のシステム。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US12/632,058 US8444846B2 (en) | 2009-12-07 | 2009-12-07 | Method and system for producing hydrogen using sodium ion separation membranes |
| US12/632,058 | 2009-12-07 | ||
| PCT/US2010/056243 WO2011071653A1 (en) | 2009-12-07 | 2010-11-10 | Method and system for producing hydrogen using sodium ion separation membranes |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2013512849A JP2013512849A (ja) | 2013-04-18 |
| JP5636059B2 true JP5636059B2 (ja) | 2014-12-03 |
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| JP2012542039A Expired - Fee Related JP5636059B2 (ja) | 2009-12-07 | 2010-11-10 | ナトリウムイオン分離膜を用いて水素を産生するための方法およびシステム |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US8444846B2 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP2510135A4 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP5636059B2 (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR20120116956A (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN102741456B (ja) |
| AU (1) | AU2010328588B2 (ja) |
| BR (1) | BR112012013881A2 (ja) |
| CA (1) | CA2783092C (ja) |
| MX (1) | MX2012006473A (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2011071653A1 (ja) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US20130233720A1 (en) * | 2011-10-27 | 2013-09-12 | Gagik Martoyan | Extraction of metals |
| EP2870277B1 (en) * | 2012-07-03 | 2021-04-14 | Enlighten Innovations Inc. | Apparatus and method of producing metal in a nasicon electrolytic cell |
| US20140076734A1 (en) * | 2012-09-19 | 2014-03-20 | Consejo Nacional De Investigaciones Cientificas Y Tecnicas (Conicet) | Method and electrochemical device for low environmental impact lithium recovery from aqueous solutions |
| US20140284219A1 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2014-09-25 | Dru L. DeLaet | Sodium Electrode |
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| JP2013512849A (ja) | 2013-04-18 |
| EP2510135A4 (en) | 2016-07-27 |
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| US8444846B2 (en) | 2013-05-21 |
| CN102741456A (zh) | 2012-10-17 |
| CA2783092C (en) | 2015-07-14 |
| WO2011071653A1 (en) | 2011-06-16 |
| CN102741456B (zh) | 2015-05-20 |
| BR112012013881A2 (pt) | 2016-05-10 |
| EP2510135A1 (en) | 2012-10-17 |
| MX2012006473A (es) | 2012-07-03 |
| US20110135565A1 (en) | 2011-06-09 |
| CA2783092A1 (en) | 2011-06-16 |
| KR20120116956A (ko) | 2012-10-23 |
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