JP5688115B2 - 通信リンクを利用した改良型gps受信器 - Google Patents
通信リンクを利用した改良型gps受信器 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5688115B2 JP5688115B2 JP2013097604A JP2013097604A JP5688115B2 JP 5688115 B2 JP5688115 B2 JP 5688115B2 JP 2013097604 A JP2013097604 A JP 2013097604A JP 2013097604 A JP2013097604 A JP 2013097604A JP 5688115 B2 JP5688115 B2 JP 5688115B2
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/0003—Software-defined radio [SDR] systems, i.e. systems wherein components typically implemented in hardware, e.g. filters or modulators/demodulators, are implented using software, e.g. by involving an AD or DA conversion stage such that at least part of the signal processing is performed in the digital domain
- H04B1/0007—Software-defined radio [SDR] systems, i.e. systems wherein components typically implemented in hardware, e.g. filters or modulators/demodulators, are implented using software, e.g. by involving an AD or DA conversion stage such that at least part of the signal processing is performed in the digital domain wherein the AD/DA conversion occurs at radiofrequency or intermediate frequency stage
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- G01S19/00—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
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- G01S19/45—Determining position by combining measurements of signals from the satellite radio beacon positioning system with a supplementary measurement
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Position Fixing By Use Of Radio Waves (AREA)
- Superheterodyne Receivers (AREA)
- Circuits Of Receivers In General (AREA)
- Radio Relay Systems (AREA)
- Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
Description
本出願はまた、同じ発明者ノーマン F.クラスナーによる1995年10月9日提出の「Low Power,Sensitive Pseudorange Measurement Apparatus and Method for Global Positioning Satellites Systems」という名称の仮特許出願第60/005318号にも関係し、ここにこの仮出願の出願日の利益を主張するものである。
本発明の一態様では、GPS移動受信器が、精密搬送周波数信号を供給する発信源から精密搬送周波数信号を受け取る。この受信器は、この周波信号にロックし、GPS信号の収集に使用する局部発振器の較正(例えば安定化または補正)に使用される基準信号を供給する。この態様を実施する装置は、一実施態様において、GPS信号を受け取る第1のアンテナ、および第1のアンテナに結合されたダウンコンバータを含む。このダウンコンバータは、このダウンコンバータに第1の基準信号を供給する局部発振器に結合される。この装置はさらに、精密搬送周波数信号を供給する発信源から精密搬送周波数信号を受け取る第2のアンテナ、および第2のアンテナに結合された自動周波数制御(AFC)回路を含む。このAFC回路は、第1のアンテナを介して受け取ったGPS信号を取得するのに使用する第1の基準信号を較正するための第2の基準信号を局部発振器に供給する。精密搬送周波数信号の周波数は送信のたびに変化してもよい。
1.方法1:衛星データ・メッセージを基地局10から遠隔20に再送信することによって、遠隔ユニット20が、擬似距離の測定値にこの情報を結合してその位置を計算する。例えば、参照によって本明細書に組み込まれる米国特許第5365450号を参照されたい。遠隔ユニット20は一般に、遠隔ユニット20の内部で位置計算を実行する。
2.方法2:遠隔ユニット20が、GPS信号を受信することによって、当技術分野で一般に実施されている通常の方法で衛星エフェメリス・データを集める。一般に1〜2時間の間有効であるこのデータを擬似距離の測定値に結合し、一般に遠隔ユニット内で位置計算を遂行する。
3.方法3:遠隔ユニット20が、通信リンク16を介して擬似距離を基地局10に送信し、基地局は、この情報を衛星エフェメリス・データと結合して位置計算を遂行する。例えば、参照によって本明細書に組み込まれる米国特許第5225842号を参照されたい。
b)各ブロックに対して前処理段階を実行する。前処理段階では、1つのPNフレームと等しい持続時間を有する連続するデータ・サブブロックをコヒーレントに加算することによって、擬似乱数コード周期の持続時間に長さが等しい圧縮されたデータ・ブロックを生成させる。この加算段階は、対応するサンプル番号のサブブロックどうしを加算することを意味する。
c)圧縮された各ブロックに対して、整合フィルタリング操作を実行する。この操作では、高速畳込み手法を利用して、データ・ブロックに含まれる受信したPNコードと局所的に生成されたPN基準信号(例えば処理中のGPS衛星の擬似乱数列)との間の相対的なタイミングを決定する。
d)前記整合フィルタリング操作から生成された積に絶対値2乗演算を実行することによって擬似距離を決定し、これを後処理する。後処理では、絶対値2乗データ・ブロックを加算して全てのブロックの絶対値2乗データを単一のデータ・ブロックに結合することによって、1つのピークを生成させる。
e)前記単一のデータブロックのピークの位置をディジタル補間法を使用して高い精度で見つけ出す。この位置は、データ・ブロックの始まりから前記ピークまでの距離であり、これが、処理中の擬似乱数列に対応するGPS衛星の擬似距離を表す。
40 GPSアンテナ
42 RF−IF変換器
44 アナログ−ディジタル変換器
46 ディジタル・スナップショット・メモリ
32 汎用プログラム可能DSPチップ
34 プログラムEPROM
48 書込みアドレスFPGA
38 周波数シンセサイザ
36 バッテリ/電力レギュレータおよび電源スイッチ
26 マイクロプロセッサ
22 モデム
12 GPSアンテナ
10 基地局
16 データ・リンク
図1B
40 GPSアンテナ
42 RF−IF変換器
44 アナログ−ディジタル変換器
46 ディジタル・スナップショット・メモリ
32a 汎用プログラム可能DSPチップ
34 プログラムEPROM
49 メモリ/電力管理FPGA
38 周波数シンセサイザ
36 バッテリ/電力レギュレータおよび電源スイッチ
22 モデム
12 GPSアンテナ
10 基地局
16 データ・リンク
図1C
40 GPSアンテナ
42 RF−IF変換器
44 アナログ−ディジタル変換器
46 ディジタル・スナップショット・メモリ
32a 汎用プログラム可能DSPチップ
34 プログラムEPROM
49 メモリ/電力管理FPGA
85 電力モード・スイッチ
38 周波数シンセサイザ
36a 電源スイッチ
79 太陽電池
81 バッテリ
77 電力レギュレータ
22 モデム
図2A
68 I/Qダウンコンバート
図3
100 位置決定コマンドおよびドップラー・データを基地局から受信する
102 発振器オフセットをモデムのAFCから見いだす
104 GPS信号のスナップショットを収集する
106 第1/第2の衛星のPNコードを得る
108 第1/第2の衛星の連続するN個のPNフレームにドップラー補正指数を乗じる
110 第1/第2の衛星の連続するN個のPNフレームを加算する
112 加算したフレームのFFTを見いだす
114 PNコードのFFTを乗じる
116 指数を乗じて、ドップラー・タイム・シフトを補償する
118 逆FFTを見いだす
120 データの絶対値2乗を見いだす
122 データを、前のデータの和に加算する
124 その衛星の全てのデータを処理したか?
126 ピーク位置を補間して擬似距離を見いだす
128 全ての衛星を処理したか?
130 位置を決定するか、またはデータを基地局に送信して位置計算を実施する
132 パワーダウンし、次の位置決定コマンドを待つ
図5A
505 調整された局部発振器
510 時間基準信号
501 GPS受信器
506 変調器
503 送信器
502 データ処理ユニット
504 受信器
508 ディスプレイ
507 GISソフトウェアを含んだ大容量記憶装置
図5B
551 基準局部発振器(セシウム標準局部発振器など)
552 ドップラーおよび/またはその他の衛星データ情報の発信源(電気通信リンク、無線リンクなど)
506 変調器
503 送信器
502 データ処理ユニット
504 受信器
508 ディスプレイ
507 GISソフトウェアを含んだ大容量記憶装置
図6A
613 GPSアンテナ
614 BPSダウンコンバータ
616 アナログ−ディジタル変換器
618 ディジタル・スナップショット・メモリ
620 DSP構成要素
609 周波数シンセサイザ
606 GPS局部発振器(オプション)
605 比較
601 通信アンテナ
602 無線モデム
図6B
642 RF−IF変換
648 コスタス・ループ復調器
644 周波数シンセサイザ
645 TCVCXO(周波数基準)
652 RF−IF変換
657 ディジタイザおよびGPS信号プロセッサ
644 周波数シンセサイザ
図6C
672 RF−IF変換
679 コスタス・ループ復調器
674 周波数シンセサイザ
675 TCVCXO(周波数基準)
687 RF−IF変換
692 ディジタイザおよびバッファおよびGPS信号プロセッサ
689 周波数シンセサイザ
図7
701 構成要素を初期化し、これらを低電力状態に置く
703 通信受信器をフル・パワーにする
705 位置情報を求める要求を基地局から受信する
707 電力管理回路に警報を出す
709 通信受信器を低電力状態に戻す
711 電力管理回路が、GPS受信器をフル・パワーに戻す
713 GPS受信器がGPS信号を受信する
715 GPS信号をバッファリングする
717 GPS受信器を低電力状態に戻す
719 処理システムをフル・パワーに戻す
721 GPS信号を処理する
723 処理システムを低電力状態に戻す
725 通信送信器をフル・パワーに戻す
727 処理したGPS信号を基地局に送信する
729 通信送信器を低電力状態に戻す
731 ある時間の遅延
733 通信受信器をフル・パワーに戻す
図8
801 BPS移動受信器ユニットが衛星暦データを受信しこれを記憶する(オプションで、受信時刻のタイム・スタンプ添付)
803 おおよその時刻およびおおよその受信器位置を決定する(オプションで、セルラ通信システムの受信器セルの位置を利用してもよい)
805 時刻、おおよその受信器位置、および衛星暦データを使用して、視野の中の衛星のおおよそのドップラー情報を計算する
Claims (4)
- GPS移動受信器内の局部発振器を較正する方法であって、
通信アンテナを介して基地局からの精密搬送周波数信号を受信する段階であって、前記精密搬送周波数信号の周波数は送信のたびに変化する、段階と、
前記通信アンテナに結合された自動周波数制御回路により、前記受信した精密搬送周波数信号にロックした周波数を有する制御信号を出力する段階と、
比較器で前記制御信号を受信する段階と、
前記制御信号をGPS局部発振器の出力から受け取った局部発振信号と比較する段階と、
前記制御信号と前記GPS局部発振器の出力との比較に基づいて前記比較器から誤り信号を出力する段階と、
前記GPS局部発振器で前記誤り信号を受信し、受信した誤り信号に基づいて前記GPS局部発振器の周波数を較正し、較正された局部発振信号を生成する段階と、
前記較正された局部発振信号に基づいて、周波数シンセサイザによりGPSクロック信号を生成する段階と、
前記GPSクロック信号をダウンコンバータへ出力する段階と、
前記ダウンコンバータにより、前記GPSクロック信号を用いてGPSアンテナにより受信されたGPS信号を取得する段階と、
を含む、
前記方法。 - 前記通信アンテナに結合された自動周波数制御回路により、前記受信した精密搬送周波数信号にロックした周波数を有する制御信号を出力する段階は、
前記精密搬送周波数信号の前記周波数に基づいて周波数補正電圧を生成するために、位相ロック・ループ回路により前記精密搬送周波数信号へ位相ロックする段階と、
前記周波数補正電圧に基づいて、基準周波数発生器により前記制御信号を生成する段階と、を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。 - 通信アンテナと、
GPSアンテナと、
前記GPSアンテナに結合されたダウンコンバータと、
前記通信アンテナと通信し、制御信号を出力する自動周波数制御モジュールを含む無線モデムであって、前記制御信号は、前記通信アンテナにより受信した基地局からの精密搬送周波数信号にロックした周波数を有し、前記精密搬送周波数信号の周波数は送信のたびに変化する、無線モデムと、
自動周波数制御モジュールと通信する比較器と、
前記比較器と通信するGPS局部発振器と、
前記GPS局部発振器に結合され、GPSクロック信号を生成する周波数シンセサイザと、
を備えた移動ユニットであって、
前記比較器は、前記自動周波数制御モジュールからの前記制御信号と前記GPS局部発振器の出力から受け取った局部発振信号とを比較し、この比較に基づいて誤り信号を生成するように構成され、
前記GPS局部発振器は、前記比較器から前記誤り信号を受信し、この誤り信号に基づいて前記GPS局部発振器の周波数を較正し、較正された局部発振信号を生成するように構成され、
前記ダウンコンバータは、前記GPSクロック信号を用いてGPSアンテナから受信されたGPS信号を取得するように構成される、
ことを特徴とする移動ユニット。 - 前記自動周波数制御モジュールは、
前記精密搬送周波数信号の前記周波数に基づいて周波数補正電圧を生成するために、前記精密搬送周波数信号へ位相ロックする、位相ロック・ループ回路と、
前記周波数補正電圧に基づいて、前記制御信号を生成する基準周波数発生器と、
を備える、請求項3に記載の移動ユニット。
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US08/612,582 US5874914A (en) | 1995-10-09 | 1996-03-08 | GPS receiver utilizing a communication link |
| US08/612,582 | 1996-03-08 | ||
| US08/759,523 US5841396A (en) | 1996-03-08 | 1996-12-04 | GPS receiver utilizing a communication link |
| US08/759,523 | 1996-12-04 |
Related Parent Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2010010078A Division JP2010139507A (ja) | 1996-03-08 | 2010-01-20 | 通信リンクを利用した改良型gps受信器 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2013190437A JP2013190437A (ja) | 2013-09-26 |
| JP5688115B2 true JP5688115B2 (ja) | 2015-03-25 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP53193697A Pending JP2000506348A (ja) | 1996-03-08 | 1997-03-07 | 通信リンクを利用した改良型gps受信器 |
| JP2007228963A Pending JP2008003104A (ja) | 1996-03-08 | 2007-09-04 | 通信リンクを利用した改良型gps受信器 |
| JP2013097604A Expired - Lifetime JP5688115B2 (ja) | 1996-03-08 | 2013-05-07 | 通信リンクを利用した改良型gps受信器 |
Family Applications Before (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP53193697A Pending JP2000506348A (ja) | 1996-03-08 | 1997-03-07 | 通信リンクを利用した改良型gps受信器 |
| JP2007228963A Pending JP2008003104A (ja) | 1996-03-08 | 2007-09-04 | 通信リンクを利用した改良型gps受信器 |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (3) | US5841396A (ja) |
| EP (3) | EP0885492B1 (ja) |
| JP (3) | JP2000506348A (ja) |
| AU (1) | AU2070297A (ja) |
| DE (1) | DE69738213T2 (ja) |
| DK (1) | DK0885492T3 (ja) |
| ES (2) | ES2373819T3 (ja) |
| PT (1) | PT885492E (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO1997033382A1 (ja) |
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| US6400314B1 (en) | 2002-06-04 |
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| EP0885492B1 (en) | 2007-10-17 |
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| US5841396A (en) | 1998-11-24 |
| AU2070297A (en) | 1997-09-22 |
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| JP2013190437A (ja) | 2013-09-26 |
| JP2000506348A (ja) | 2000-05-23 |
| ES2296306T3 (es) | 2008-04-16 |
| EP2285018A2 (en) | 2011-02-16 |
| EP2267920A2 (en) | 2010-12-29 |
| PT885492E (pt) | 2007-12-31 |
| JP2008003104A (ja) | 2008-01-10 |
| US6064336A (en) | 2000-05-16 |
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