JP5590797B2 - 空間の消毒 - Google Patents
空間の消毒 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5590797B2 JP5590797B2 JP2008524318A JP2008524318A JP5590797B2 JP 5590797 B2 JP5590797 B2 JP 5590797B2 JP 2008524318 A JP2008524318 A JP 2008524318A JP 2008524318 A JP2008524318 A JP 2008524318A JP 5590797 B2 JP5590797 B2 JP 5590797B2
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- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 title description 8
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000006199 nebulizer Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000000249 desinfective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003206 sterilizing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002274 desiccant Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 claims 1
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 claims 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 5
- KFSLWBXXFJQRDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Peracetic acid Chemical compound CC(=O)OO KFSLWBXXFJQRDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 3
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000645 desinfectant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003139 biocide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- OSVXSBDYLRYLIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxidochlorine(.) Chemical compound O=Cl=O OSVXSBDYLRYLIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000228245 Aspergillus niger Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004155 Chlorine dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000193385 Geobacillus stearothermophilus Species 0.000 description 1
- SXRSQZLOMIGNAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glutaraldehyde Chemical compound O=CCCCC=O SXRSQZLOMIGNAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 210000004666 bacterial spore Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000003115 biocidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019398 chlorine dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005202 decontamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003588 decontaminative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007791 dehumidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012527 feed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002316 fumigant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002538 fungal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002054 inoculum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000011859 microparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003134 recirculating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004215 spore Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002341 toxic gas Substances 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2/00—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
- A61L2/16—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor using chemical substances
- A61L2/22—Phase substances, e.g. smokes, aerosols or sprayed or atomised substances
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing liquids as carriers, diluents or solvents
- A01N25/04—Dispersions, emulsions, suspoemulsions, suspension concentrates or gels
- A01N25/06—Aerosols
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2/00—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2/00—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
- A61L2/02—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor using physical phenomena
- A61L2/04—Heat
- A61L2/06—Hot gas
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2/00—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
- A61L2/16—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor using chemical substances
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2/00—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
- A61L2/16—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor using chemical substances
- A61L2/20—Gaseous substances, e.g. vapours
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2/00—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
- A61L2/16—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor using chemical substances
- A61L2/20—Gaseous substances, e.g. vapours
- A61L2/208—Hydrogen peroxide
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2/00—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
- A61L2/24—Apparatus using programmed or automatic operation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B15/00—Peroxides; Peroxyhydrates; Peroxyacids or salts thereof; Superoxides; Ozonides
- C01B15/01—Hydrogen peroxide
- C01B15/013—Separation; Purification; Concentration
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2202/00—Aspects relating to methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects
- A61L2202/20—Targets to be treated
- A61L2202/24—Medical instruments, e.g. endoscopes, catheters, sharps
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Apparatus For Disinfection Or Sterilisation (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
- Drying Of Gases (AREA)
- Packages (AREA)
- Disinfection, Sterilisation Or Deodorisation Of Air (AREA)
Description
(1)溶媒中に滅菌剤を含んでなる溶液であって、滅菌剤よりも低い沸点を有する溶媒を含んでいる溶液をネブライズし、ガス流中の微細に分割された溶液の粒子からなるネブラントを形成するステップ、
(2)前記ネブラントに、溶媒を滅菌剤に優先して気化させるために充分であるように或る種のエネルギーを或る時間にわたって加えることで、ネブラント粒子における滅菌剤の濃度を高めるステップ、
(3)大気圧以上においてガス流からステップ2において気化させた溶媒を取り除き、必要であればネブラントを70℃未満へと冷却するステップ、および
(4)前記表面を、ステップ3からのネブラントに、前記面積または体積を消毒するための充分な時間にわたって曝すステップ
を含んでいる方法を提供する。
(1)前記表面を過酸化水素の水溶液を含んでいるネブラントに曝し、あるいは前記体積へと過酸化水素の水溶液を含んでいるネブラントを導入するステップ、および
(2)前記体積または前記表面の近傍の相対湿度を、20%〜70%RHへと制御するステップ
を含んでいる方法を提供する。
・他の滅菌剤も使用可能であり、滅菌剤を他の溶媒に溶解させることも可能であり、
・他の種類のネブライザを使用することが可能であり、
・他の気体をネブライザへと供給することが可能であり、
・空気中の過酸化水素溶液というソリューションがきわめて好ましく、
・溶媒を、他のやり方でのエネルギーの供給によって、殺生物剤に優先して取り除くことができ、
・水を、他のやり方によってチャンバから取り除くことができ、
・そちらで詳しく述べられているとおりに、相対湿度および温度を所定の限界内に制御することが望ましい。
実施例1
立方体形状の8立方メートルの体積において、試験を実行した。
溶液:35%の過酸化水素
温度:25度
相対湿度:45%〜65%を変動、ときには75%
ネブライザ・アレイ:2.4MHz
過酸化水素の蒸気:300〜500ppm
ヒータ後の空気流:毎時400〜600立方メートル
ヒータ温度:80〜90度
過酸化水素の送出:最適には、1立方メートル当たり毎分約0.75グラム、すなわち、8立方メートルの部屋において12.6グラム
種々の細菌について得られた結果は、以下のとおりである(表において、「TNTC」は、多すぎて数えることができない(too numerous to count)であり、「ND」は、実行せず(not done)である)。
実施例2
実施例1の試験を、表5に示した以外は実質的に同じ条件のもとで、69立方メートルのチャンバにおいて繰り返した。
実施例3
過剰な過酸化水素を除去することによって部屋を「汚染除去」するために、空気を接触分解器システム(この実施例においては、酸化アルミニウムを含む金属酸化物の混合物を使用した)を通して再循環させた。そのようにしない場合、空調された乾燥空気を空間内に再循環させること、またはおそらくはプロセスを促進すべく温度を高めることによって、過酸化水素をよりゆっくりと分解することが可能である。16立方メートルの部屋において、過酸化水素の蒸気のレベルを約400〜700ppmの最大値から約10ppmへと低下させるために、約1時間を要した。最後の10ppmを有意レベルまで低下させるためには、さらに長い時間を要した。
Claims (16)
- 空間、空間を画定する壁または間仕切りの表面、もしくは空間内に露出した物の表面を消毒するための方法であって、
(1)溶媒中に滅菌剤である過酸化水素を含んでなる溶液であって、前記滅菌剤よりも低い沸点を有する溶媒を含んでいる溶液をネブライズし、ガス流中の微細に分割された溶液の粒子からなるネブラントを形成するステップと、
(2)前記ネブラントに、エネルギーを加えて、溶媒を滅菌剤に優先して気化させることで、ネブラント粒子における滅菌剤の濃度を高めるステップと、
(3)前記空間または表面への前記ネブラント及び気化させた溶媒の送出口近傍で、大気圧以上において前記ガス流から、気化させた溶媒を取り除くステップと、
(4)前記空間または表面を、ステップ(3)からのネブラントに、前記空間または表面を滅菌するための充分な時間にわたって曝すステップとを含み、
前記ステップ(3)は、前記空間または前記表面の近傍の相対湿度を、20%〜70%の相対湿度へと制御するステップを含んでいる方法。 - 前記ネブラントが、過酸化水素の水溶液である請求項1に記載の方法。
- ネブライズされる溶液が、35%以下の濃度の過酸化水素の水溶液である請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記ネブラント粒子が、1ミクロン未満の平均直径を有している請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記空間内の温度が、摂氏20〜30度に維持される請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記ネブラントが、消毒対象の空間の1立方メートル当たり0.5〜1.0グラムの割合で前記空間へと届けられる請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記相対湿度が、45%〜65%に制御される請求項1に記載の方法。
- 空間、空間を画定する壁または間仕切りの表面、もしくは空間内に露出した物の表面を消毒するための装置であって、
(1)滅菌剤である過酸化水素と溶媒とを含む溶液を微細に分割した粒子をガス中に浮遊させて含んでいるネブラントを生成するためのネブライザと、
(2)溶媒の少なくとも一部を蒸気として選択的に気化させるための充分なエネルギーをネブラントへと供給し、ネブラント粒子の滅菌剤の濃度を高めるための手段と、
(3)大気圧において前記ガスから溶媒の蒸気を分離する手段と、
(4)滅菌対象の表面をネブラントに接触させるための1つ以上のバッフル又はファンを備える送出器とを有しており、
大気圧において前記ガスから溶媒の蒸気を分離する前記手段は、前記送出器の出口近傍に位置している装置。 - 溶媒が滅菌剤に優先して気化されることを保証するために、ネブラント粒子の滅菌剤の濃度を高めるための手段において供給されるエネルギーを制御するための手段をさらに有している請求項8に記載の装置。
- 前記ネブライザが、連続的または周期的に運転される超音波ネブライザ、噴霧器、ジェット・ネブライザ、および圧電ネブライザを含むグループから選択される請求項8に記載の装置。
- 前記ネブライザを周期的にオン/オフ切り替えるための手段をさらに備える請求項10に記載の装置。
- 前記ネブライザが、1分間につき15〜25秒間運転される請求項11に記載の装置。
- 前記ガスから溶媒の蒸気を分離する前記手段が、乾燥薬、乾燥剤または分子ふるい、膜分離器、遠心分離器、もしくはサイクロン分離器からなる請求項8に記載の装置。
- 前記送出器は、滅菌対象の表面をネブラントに接触させるためのファンからなる請求項8に記載の装置。
- 前記送出器は、溶媒の少なくとも一部を蒸気として選択的に気化させるための充分なエネルギーをネブラントへと供給するための前記手段の下流に配置される請求項8に記載の装置。
- 前記溶媒は、当該溶媒の沸点以下の温度で滅菌剤に優先して気化される請求項1に記載の方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (9)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2005904198A AU2005904198A0 (en) | 2005-08-04 | Space disinfection | |
| AU2005904198 | 2005-08-04 | ||
| AU2005904196A AU2005904196A0 (en) | 2005-08-04 | Membrane sterilization | |
| AU2005904181 | 2005-08-04 | ||
| AU2005904196 | 2005-08-04 | ||
| AU2005904181A AU2005904181A0 (en) | 2005-08-04 | Improved aerosol | |
| AU2006900748A AU2006900748A0 (en) | 2006-02-15 | Membrane concentrator | |
| AU2006900748 | 2006-02-15 | ||
| PCT/AU2006/001115 WO2007014437A1 (en) | 2005-08-04 | 2006-08-04 | Space disinfection |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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