JP5384405B2 - ナノチューブの含有量が高い熱硬化性複合材料の製造方法 - Google Patents
ナノチューブの含有量が高い熱硬化性複合材料の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP5384405B2 JP5384405B2 JP2010066078A JP2010066078A JP5384405B2 JP 5384405 B2 JP5384405 B2 JP 5384405B2 JP 2010066078 A JP2010066078 A JP 2010066078A JP 2010066078 A JP2010066078 A JP 2010066078A JP 5384405 B2 JP5384405 B2 JP 5384405B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- composite material
- nanotubes
- weight
- polymer
- composite
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims description 51
- 239000002071 nanotube Substances 0.000 title claims description 40
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 title claims description 36
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 18
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000006254 rheological additive Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920006243 acrylic copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920006305 unsaturated polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920003180 amino resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- IJVRPNIWWODHHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-cyanoprop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(=C)C#N IJVRPNIWWODHHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004594 Masterbatch (MB) Substances 0.000 description 13
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 7
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002048 multi walled nanotube Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 5
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- -1 alkenyl glycidyl ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 4
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- LCFVJGUPQDGYKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether Chemical compound C=1C=C(OCC2OC2)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C(C=C1)=CC=C1OCC1CO1 LCFVJGUPQDGYKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- GYZLOYUZLJXAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N diglycidyl ether Chemical compound C1OC1COCC1CO1 GYZLOYUZLJXAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- BRLQWZUYTZBJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Epichlorohydrin Chemical compound ClCC1CO1 BRLQWZUYTZBJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)=O NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910019093 NaOCl Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000005708 Sodium hypochlorite Substances 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002134 carbon nanofiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011231 conductive filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000000466 oxiranyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002109 single walled nanotube Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-cyanopropan-2-yldiazenyl)-2-methylpropanenitrile Chemical compound N#CC(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930185605 Bisphenol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000004604 Blowing Agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XMWRBQBLMFGWIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N C60 fullerene Chemical class C12=C3C(C4=C56)=C7C8=C5C5=C9C%10=C6C6=C4C1=C1C4=C6C6=C%10C%10=C9C9=C%11C5=C8C5=C8C7=C3C3=C7C2=C1C1=C2C4=C6C4=C%10C6=C9C9=C%11C5=C5C8=C3C3=C7C1=C1C2=C4C6=C2C9=C5C3=C12 XMWRBQBLMFGWIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101100255205 Caenorhabditis elegans rsa-2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001468 Cordura Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001651 Cyanoacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000028 Gradient copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PEEHTFAAVSWFBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Maleimide Chemical compound O=C1NC(=O)C=C1 PEEHTFAAVSWFBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005062 Polybutadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000008065 acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005466 alkylenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005576 amination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940121375 antifungal agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003429 antifungal agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002216 antistatic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004984 aromatic diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011203 carbon fibre reinforced carbon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940072282 cardura Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000805 composite resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- NLCKLZIHJQEMCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyano prop-2-enoate Chemical class C=CC(=O)OC#N NLCKLZIHJQEMCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001991 dicarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002079 double walled nanotube Substances 0.000 description 1
- RUZYUOTYCVRMRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N doxazosin Chemical compound C1OC2=CC=CC=C2OC1C(=O)N(CC1)CCN1C1=NC(N)=C(C=C(C(OC)=C2)OC)C2=N1 RUZYUOTYCVRMRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003472 fullerene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007429 general method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- LEQAOMBKQFMDFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N glyoxal Chemical compound O=CC=O LEQAOMBKQFMDFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940015043 glyoxal Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010365 information processing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010884 ion-beam technique Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012768 molten material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003986 novolac Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000001451 organic peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001485 poly(butyl acrylate) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012643 polycondensation polymerization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000008442 polyphenolic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000013824 polyphenols Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011403 purification operation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005604 random copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- QEVHRUUCFGRFIF-MDEJGZGSSA-N reserpine Chemical compound O([C@H]1[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H]2C[C@@H]3C4=C(C5=CC=C(OC)C=C5N4)CCN3C[C@H]2C1)C(=O)OC)OC)C(=O)C1=CC(OC)=C(OC)C(OC)=C1 QEVHRUUCFGRFIF-MDEJGZGSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012815 thermoplastic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004634 thermosetting polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000428 triblock copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/005—Reinforced macromolecular compounds with nanosized materials, e.g. nanoparticles, nanofibres, nanotubes, nanowires, nanorods or nanolayered materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/20—Compounding polymers with additives, e.g. colouring
- C08J3/22—Compounding polymers with additives, e.g. colouring using masterbatch techniques
- C08J3/226—Compounding polymers with additives, e.g. colouring using masterbatch techniques using a polymer as a carrier
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/24—Impregnating materials with prepolymers which can be polymerised in situ, e.g. manufacture of prepregs
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/02—Elements
- C08K3/04—Carbon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/02—Elements
- C08K3/04—Carbon
- C08K3/041—Carbon nanotubes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
- C08K7/22—Expanded, porous or hollow particles
- C08K7/24—Expanded, porous or hollow particles inorganic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K9/00—Use of pretreated ingredients
- C08K9/04—Ingredients treated with organic substances
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L63/00—Compositions of epoxy resins; Compositions of derivatives of epoxy resins
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
- B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
- B29K2105/16—Fillers
- B29K2105/165—Hollow fillers, e.g. microballoons or expanded particles
- B29K2105/167—Nanotubes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2300/00—Characterised by the use of unspecified polymers
- C08J2300/24—Thermosetting resins
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2363/00—Characterised by the use of epoxy resins; Derivatives of epoxy resins
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2463/00—Characterised by the use of epoxy resins; Derivatives of epoxy resins
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
- Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
Description
(a)液体状態の少なくとも一種の熱硬化性樹脂を含む液体のポリマー組成物と、ナノチューブと、必要に応じて用いられるレオロジー調節剤とをコンパウンディング装置中に導入し、
(b)上記コンパウンディング装置中で上記ポリマー組成物とナノチューブとを混合して複合材料を形成し、
(c)得られた複合材料を、必要な場合にはペレットに成形した後に、回収する。
FLAHAUT et al. in Chem. Com. (2003), 1442
(1)ケースまたは温度調節系(テストを窒素ガスおよび/または液体にするか、空気にするかで雰囲気を選択する)
(2)中央制御装置
(3)空気および窒素の流量調節および乾燥システム
(4)測定ヘッド
(5)装置を管理する情報処理システムとデータ処理装置
(6)サンプル保持具
(1)上記方法で複合材料を製造し、
(2)得られた複合材料をポリマーのマトリックス中に導入する。
本発明は、以下に記載の実施例からより良く理解できよう。しかし、本発明が下記実施例に限定されるものではない。
エポキシ樹脂をベースにしたマスターバッチ混合物の製造
押出しスクリューおよび造粒装置を備えた共混練機BUSS MDK 46(L/D=11)の第一ホッパーにカーボンナノチューブ[アルケマ(ARKEMA)社からグラフィストレングス(Graphistrength、登録商標)C100]と、アクリルコポリマー[アルケマ(ARKEMA)社のナノストレングス(Nanostrength)M52N]の粉末とを導入する。この共混練機の第1帯域へ80℃で液体の形をしたエポキシ樹脂(DGEBAまたはビスフェノールAのジグリシジルエーテル)を注入する。共混練機の温度分布は以下の通り:帯域1=120℃、帯域2=120℃、スクリュー=80℃。吐出流量は15kg/時に調整した。
共混練機の出口で、ナノチューブを35重量%、エポキシ樹脂を45重量%、アクリルコポリマーを20重量%含むマスターバッチ混合物のペレットを得た。
このペレットは130〜140℃に加熱可能な機器中でマトリックスポリマーを希釈できた。
エポキシ樹脂をベースにしたマスターバッチ混合物の製造
実施例1と同じ共混練機を使用して、カーボンナノチューブを25重量%、エポキシ樹脂を70重量%、反応性希釈剤(エクソン(HEXON)社のCordura E10P)を5重量%含む組成物を作った。
ナノチューブは共混練機をの最初の供給ホッパーへ供給した。エポキシ樹脂は共混練機の第1帯域へ80℃で注入し、反応性希釈剤は共混練機の第2帯域へ40℃で注入した。混連後、取出用押出機の出口で70〜80℃でダイ出口から固体の複合材料を得た。それを造粒せずに直接包装した。
このマスターバッチ混合物を室温で熱硬化性組成物中に希釈して複合製品を成形した。
上記マスターバッチ混合物を上記熱硬化性組成物の液体成分中に数時間、プレ含浸することでは上記熱硬化性組成物中への導入が容易になる。
Claims (9)
- 下記(a)〜(c):
(a)液体状態の少なくとも一種の熱硬化性樹脂を含む液体のポリマー組成物と、ナノチューブと、ブロックアクリルコポリマーから成るレオロジー調節剤とをコンパウンディング装置中に導入し、
(b)上記コンパウンディング装置中で上記ポリマー組成物とナノチューブとを混合して複合材料を形成し、
(c)得られた複合材料を、必要な場合にはペレットに成形した後に、回収する、
段階から成る、20〜60重量%のナノチューブを含む複合材料の製造方法であって、上記コンパウンディング装置が共回転混練機であり、ナノチューブが粗の状態であることを特徴とする方法。 - 共回転混練機のスクリューのL/D比が7〜22である請求項1に記載の方法。
- 上記ポリマー組成物が不飽和ポリエステル、エポキシ樹脂、ビニルエステル、フェノール樹脂、ポリウレタン、シアノアクリル酸およびポリイミド、アミノ樹脂およびこれらの混合物の中から選択される少なくとも一種の熱硬化性樹脂を含む請求項1または2に記載の方法。
- ナノチューブがカーボンナノチューブである請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 複合材料が複合材料の全重量に対して20〜50重量%のナノチューブを含む請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の方法で得られる20〜60重量%のナノチューブを含む複合材料。
- 請求項6に記載の複合材料の、複合製品の製造および/またはポリマー材料に電気特性、機械特性および/または熱特性の少なくとも一つを付与するための使用。
- 請求項6に記載の複合材料の、フィルム、プレインプレグネ材料、リボン、異形断面材、帯体またはファイバーの製造での使用。
- (1)請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の方法で複合材料を製造し、(2)得られた複合材料をポリマーのマトリックス中に導入する、
ことから成る複合製品の製造方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR0951842A FR2943350B1 (fr) | 2009-03-23 | 2009-03-23 | Procede de preparation d'un materiau composite thermodurcissable a haute teneur en nanotubes |
| FR0951842 | 2009-03-23 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2010222581A JP2010222581A (ja) | 2010-10-07 |
| JP5384405B2 true JP5384405B2 (ja) | 2014-01-08 |
Family
ID=41278510
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2010066078A Expired - Fee Related JP5384405B2 (ja) | 2009-03-23 | 2010-03-23 | ナノチューブの含有量が高い熱硬化性複合材料の製造方法 |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20100243965A1 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP2233518A1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP5384405B2 (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR101357335B1 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN102361921A (ja) |
| FR (1) | FR2943350B1 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2010109119A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9244406B2 (en) * | 2008-10-06 | 2016-01-26 | Xerox Corporation | Nanotube reinforced fluorine-containing composites |
| FR2943349B1 (fr) * | 2009-03-23 | 2012-10-26 | Arkema France | Procede de preparation d'un materiau composite elastomerique a haute teneur en nanotubes |
| FR2945549B1 (fr) * | 2009-05-12 | 2012-07-27 | Arkema France | Substrat fibreux, procede de fabrication et utilisations d'un tel substrat fibreux. |
| EP2452978A1 (de) * | 2010-11-16 | 2012-05-16 | Basf Se | Verfahren zur Herstellung von mit Kohlenstoff-Füllstoffen gefüllten Epoxidharzformmassen |
| FR2967417B1 (fr) | 2010-11-17 | 2014-04-11 | Arkema France | Melange maitre de nanotubes de carbone et de durcisseur pour les resines thermodurcissables |
| FR2968676B1 (fr) | 2010-12-14 | 2012-12-07 | Arkema France | Procede d'introduction de nanocharges d'origine carbonique dans un metal ou un alliage |
| JP2013091783A (ja) * | 2011-10-06 | 2013-05-16 | Showa Denko Kk | 導電性樹脂組成物及びこれを用いた導電性塗料並びに導電性接着剤 |
| US20130256605A1 (en) * | 2012-03-29 | 2013-10-03 | Bayer Materialscience Llc | Composites having high levels of carbon nanotubes and a process for their production |
| CN103374207B (zh) * | 2012-04-18 | 2017-04-19 | 国家纳米科学中心 | 一种环氧复合材料及其制备方法 |
| FR2991332B1 (fr) | 2012-06-04 | 2015-04-24 | Arkema France | Utilisation de nanocharges carbonees a tres faible taux pour la stabilisation uv de materiaux composites |
| FR2991330B1 (fr) | 2012-06-04 | 2015-04-03 | Arkema France | Materiau composite a tres faible taux de nanocharges carbonees, son procede de preparation et ses utilisations |
| FR2991333B1 (fr) | 2012-06-04 | 2015-04-03 | Arkema France | Utilisation de nanocharges carbonees a tres faible taux pour le renfort mecanique de materiaux composites eventuellement charges |
| FR3076827A1 (fr) | 2018-01-12 | 2019-07-19 | Arkema France | Matiere solide agglomeree de nanotubes de carbone desagreges. |
| CN108666012A (zh) * | 2018-03-30 | 2018-10-16 | 深圳市亮键电子科技有限公司 | 一种纳米导电薄膜及其制备方法 |
| JP7411544B2 (ja) * | 2019-03-27 | 2024-01-11 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | 樹脂材料及び多層プリント配線板 |
| CN116178894A (zh) * | 2023-02-03 | 2023-05-30 | 安徽恒泰新材料科技股份有限公司 | 一种环氧树脂复合材料及其处理装置 |
Family Cites Families (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5445327A (en) | 1989-07-27 | 1995-08-29 | Hyperion Catalysis International, Inc. | Process for preparing composite structures |
| KR950007662B1 (ko) * | 1991-12-24 | 1995-07-14 | 주식회사럭키 | 우수한 도장성을 가진 올레핀계 수지 조성물 |
| KR20010033980A (ko) * | 1998-11-11 | 2001-04-25 | 다케다 마사토시 | 개질 폴리프로필렌계 수지 및 폴리스티렌계 수지의혼합수지 압출발포 보드 |
| US6299812B1 (en) * | 1999-08-16 | 2001-10-09 | The Board Of Regents Of The University Of Oklahoma | Method for forming a fibers/composite material having an anisotropic structure |
| FR2826646B1 (fr) | 2001-06-28 | 2004-05-21 | Toulouse Inst Nat Polytech | Procede de fabrication selective de nanotubes de carbone ordonne en lit fluidise |
| JP4169350B2 (ja) * | 2004-07-20 | 2008-10-22 | 日信工業株式会社 | 炭素繊維複合材料およびその製造方法 |
| AU2005279823B2 (en) * | 2004-08-31 | 2010-06-10 | Hyperion Catalysis International, Inc. | Conductive thermosets by extrusion |
| CN1304473C (zh) * | 2005-03-18 | 2007-03-14 | 清华大学 | 添加碳纳米管的天然橡胶液体浆料及其制备方法 |
| FR2893947A1 (fr) * | 2005-11-30 | 2007-06-01 | Arkema Sa | Composition pulverulente de nanotubes de carbone, ses procedes d'obtention et ses utilisations, notamment dans des materiaux polymeres. |
| FR2893946A1 (fr) * | 2005-11-30 | 2007-06-01 | Arkema Sa | Composition pulverulente a base de nanotubes de carbone, ses procedes d'obtention et ses utilisations, notamment dans des materiaux polymeres |
| JP2007176983A (ja) * | 2005-12-27 | 2007-07-12 | Toray Ind Inc | マスターバッチおよび熱硬化性樹脂組成物 |
| FR2914634B1 (fr) | 2007-04-06 | 2011-08-05 | Arkema France | Procede de fabrication de nanotubes de carbone a partir de matieres premieres renouvelables |
| FR2916364B1 (fr) * | 2007-05-22 | 2009-10-23 | Arkema France | Procede de preparation de pre-composites a base de nanotubes notamment de carbone |
| WO2009018193A1 (en) | 2007-08-02 | 2009-02-05 | Dow Global Technologies Inc. | Amphiphilic block copolymers and inorganic nanofillers to enhance performance of thermosetting polymers |
| FR2943349B1 (fr) * | 2009-03-23 | 2012-10-26 | Arkema France | Procede de preparation d'un materiau composite elastomerique a haute teneur en nanotubes |
-
2009
- 2009-03-23 FR FR0951842A patent/FR2943350B1/fr active Active
-
2010
- 2010-03-19 KR KR1020117024174A patent/KR101357335B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-03-19 EP EP10157061A patent/EP2233518A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2010-03-19 WO PCT/FR2010/050501 patent/WO2010109119A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2010-03-19 CN CN2010800130630A patent/CN102361921A/zh active Pending
- 2010-03-22 US US12/728,504 patent/US20100243965A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2010-03-23 JP JP2010066078A patent/JP5384405B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR20110130480A (ko) | 2011-12-05 |
| FR2943350B1 (fr) | 2012-10-19 |
| EP2233518A1 (fr) | 2010-09-29 |
| CN102361921A (zh) | 2012-02-22 |
| JP2010222581A (ja) | 2010-10-07 |
| US20100243965A1 (en) | 2010-09-30 |
| KR101357335B1 (ko) | 2014-02-03 |
| WO2010109119A1 (fr) | 2010-09-30 |
| FR2943350A1 (fr) | 2010-09-24 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| JP5384405B2 (ja) | ナノチューブの含有量が高い熱硬化性複合材料の製造方法 | |
| Lee et al. | Highly improved interfacial affinity in carbon fiber-reinforced polymer composites via oxygen and nitrogen plasma-assisted mechanochemistry | |
| US7566749B2 (en) | Conductive thermosets by extrusion | |
| EP2029265B1 (en) | Ultrasound assisted continuous process and apparatus for dispersion of nanofibers and nanotubes in polymers | |
| Jin et al. | Recent advances in carbon-nanotube-based epoxy composites | |
| Vijayan et al. | Liquid rubber and silicon carbide nanofiber modified epoxy nanocomposites: Volume shrinkage, cure kinetics and properties | |
| CN102361929A (zh) | 制备具有高纳米管含量的弹性体复合材料的方法 | |
| Wang et al. | Mechanical and fracture properties of hyperbranched polymer covalent functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotube-reinforced epoxy composites | |
| CN103374207A (zh) | 一种环氧复合材料及其制备方法 | |
| KR20140027192A (ko) | 탄소 나노튜브 및 코어-쉘 구조를 갖는 입자를 함유하는 복합 재료 | |
| Kang et al. | Multiwalled carbon nanotube pretreatment to enhance tensile properties, process stability, and filler dispersion of polyamide 66 nanocomposites | |
| KR101637632B1 (ko) | 나일론 복합체 및 이의 제조방법 | |
| CN116376220A (zh) | 一种长纤维增强聚醚醚酮复合材料及其制备方法 | |
| Kesavan Pillai et al. | Epoxy-based carbon nanotubes reinforced composites | |
| Hosur et al. | Rheology, flexure and thermomechanical characterization of epoxy/CNF nanocomposites: effect of dispersion techniques | |
| CN101484237A (zh) | 用于在聚合物中分散纳米纤维和纳米管的超声辅助连续方法 | |
| Park et al. | Surface modification of carbon nanotubes for high-performance polymer composites | |
| Ojijo et al. | Processing thermoset-based nanocomposites | |
| Paulose et al. | Methods for Preparation of One-Dimensional Polymeric Nanocomposites | |
| Hussain et al. | OPTIMIZATION OF CARBON NANOTUBE REINFORCEMENT FOR ENHANCED MECHANICAL PERFORMANCE OF POLYMER NANOCOMPOSITES | |
| Alam et al. | Influence of carbon nano tubes on the thermo-mechanical properties of unsaturated polyester nanocomposite | |
| CN121203269A (zh) | 一种聚乙烯-聚己二酸对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯-碳纳米纤维复合材料的制备方法 | |
| TW201139264A (en) | Carbon nanotube composite and method for preparing the same |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20100325 |
|
| A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20100412 |
|
| A977 | Report on retrieval |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007 Effective date: 20120529 |
|
| A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20120605 |
|
| A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20120905 |
|
| A02 | Decision of refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A02 Effective date: 20130402 |
|
| A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20130802 |
|
| A911 | Transfer to examiner for re-examination before appeal (zenchi) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A911 Effective date: 20130809 |
|
| TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
| A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20130903 |
|
| A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20131002 |
|
| R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |