JP5361815B2 - Stationary inductor - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a stationary induction apparatus which is capable of suppressing deterioration in cooling performance of coolant, and is also capable of reducing the apparatus size. <P>SOLUTION: A stationary induction apparatus comprises: a coil body 6 which includes a plurality of coil windings 5 and is formed by stacking each of the coil windings 5 in the axial direction; and spacers 8 arranged on the coil body 6. Each of the coil windings 5 is formed by winding an element wire 9 in multiple turns so as to be overlapped in the radial direction. The spacers 8 are each arranged between the element wires 9 so as to form a gap between the element wires 9. A first coolant passage 11 through which coolant flows is arranged between the coil windings 5. A second coolant passage 12 which communicates with the first coolant passage 11 and passes the coolant across the coil windings 5 is formed in the gap formed between the element wires 9. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2012,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a static inductor that has a coil and cools the coil with a refrigerant.

  Conventionally, in order to cool a multiple cylindrical winding in which a plurality of cylindrical conductor winding layers are concentrically arranged in multiple layers, a gap as a coolant flow path for conductor cooling is provided between each cylindrical conductor winding layer. Multiple cylindrical windings are known. The size of the gap between each cylindrical conductor winding layer is set wider than a predetermined size over the entire range between each cylindrical conductor winding layer in order to maintain the cooling capacity by ensuring the flow rate of the refrigerant. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 1-133719

  However, in the conventional multiple cylindrical winding, the gap between the cylindrical conductor winding layers must be set wide over the entire range, and the overall size of the multiple cylindrical winding becomes large.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to obtain a stationary inductor that can suppress a decrease in cooling capacity due to the refrigerant and can be miniaturized. To do.

  A stationary inductor according to the present invention has a plurality of coil windings each formed by winding multiple strands so as to overlap in the radial direction, and a coil configured by laminating each coil winding in the axial direction. A main body and a spacer that is disposed between the strands that overlap in the radial direction and that creates a gap between the strands are provided, and a first coolant channel through which a coolant flows is provided between the coil windings. A gap formed between them forms a second refrigerant flow path that communicates with the first refrigerant flow path and passes the refrigerant across the coil winding.

  In the static inductor according to the present invention, the first refrigerant flow path through which the refrigerant flows is provided between the coil windings, and a spacer is provided between the strands of the coil winding to form a gap between the strands. Since the second refrigerant flow path that passes the refrigerant across the coil winding is formed in the gap formed in the first refrigerant flow path, the first refrigerant flow path and the outside of the coil main body are formed. The refrigerant can flow through the second refrigerant channel between the two. Accordingly, it is not necessary to set a wide gap between the outer peripheral ends of the coil windings in order to flow the refrigerant into the first refrigerant flow path, and each coil can be controlled while suppressing a decrease in cooling capacity due to the refrigerant. The windings can be brought closer together. Accordingly, it is possible to suppress a decrease in the cooling capacity due to the refrigerant and to reduce the size of the entire stationary inductor.

It is a partially broken perspective view which shows the outer iron type transformer by Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the multilayer coil of FIG. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view along the III-III plane of FIG. 2. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view along the IV-IV plane of FIG. 2. It is a front view which shows the upper part of the coil winding of FIG. FIG. 6 is a front view showing a gap generated by each spacer in FIG. 5 and each spacer separately; It is a graph which shows the relationship between the thickness dimension of each spacer of FIG. 2, and the pressure loss of a refrigerant | coolant. It is principal part sectional drawing which shows the lower part of the coil main body of the external iron type transformer by Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is principal part sectional drawing which shows the lower part of the coil main body of the external iron type transformer by Embodiment 3 of this invention.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
1 is a partially broken perspective view showing a shell-type transformer according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. In the figure, an outer iron type transformer 1 which is a stationary inductor includes a tank (container) 2, an iron core 3 accommodated in the tank 2, and a multilayer coil 4 provided in the iron core 3 and accommodated in the tank 2. And have.

  Oil as a refrigerant is stored in the tank 2. The entire core 3 and multilayer coil 4 are immersed in the oil in the tank 2. The oil circulates in the tank 2 by flowing from the lower side to the upper side so as to pass through the multilayer coil 4 due to, for example, convection due to a temperature difference or pump power. The multilayer coil 4 is cooled by the oil passing through the multilayer coil 4.

  FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the multilayer coil 4 of FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the III-III plane of FIG. 2, and FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the IV-IV plane of FIG. The multilayer coil 4 includes a coil body 6 that includes a plurality of coil windings 5 and is formed by laminating the coil windings 5, and a plurality of partition bodies 7 arranged between the coil windings 5 (FIGS. 3 and 5). 4) and a plurality of spacers 8 provided in each coil winding 5. In this example, the axial direction of the coil body 6 is arranged horizontally.

  The coil windings 5 are stacked side by side in the axial direction (y direction in FIG. 2) of the coil body 6. Further, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, each coil winding 5 has multiple strands 9 wound so as to overlap in the radial direction of the coil body 6 (that is, the direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the coil body 6). Are each configured. Accordingly, each coil winding 5 is a flat annular winding. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the coil windings 5 adjacent to each other are arranged at the radial outer end (outer peripheral end) 5 a and the radial inner end (inner peripheral end) 5 b of the coil winding 5. It is electrically connected by either.

  Each partition 7 is an insulator. Further, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, each partition 7 includes an annular plate (press board) 10 disposed perpendicular to the axial direction of the coil body 6 (y direction in FIG. 2), and an annular plate. A plurality of cartes (not shown) are attached to the front surface and the back surface of the air gap 10 at intervals, and hold the space between the coil winding 5 and the annular plate 10.

  Between each coil winding 5, the partition body 7 is arrange | positioned between each coil winding 5, and the interlayer refrigerant | coolant flow path (1st refrigerant | coolant flow path) 11 in which the oil as a refrigerant | coolant flows is formed. .

  Each partition 7 is alternately shifted in the radial direction of the coil body 6. Thereby, each partition 7 is divided into the position which partitions between the outer peripheral end parts 5a of each coil winding 5, and the position which partitions between the inner peripheral end parts 5b of each coil winding 5, every coil winding 5. Alternatingly arranged. Inner peripheral end portions 5b of the coil windings 5 located on both sides of the partition 7 that partitions the outer peripheral end portions 5a of the respective coil windings 5 are in contact with each other. In addition, the outer peripheral ends 5a of the coil windings 5 located on both sides of the partition 7 that partitions the inner peripheral ends 5b of the coil windings 5 are in contact with each other. That is, the coil windings 5 are stacked while being alternately in contact with the outer peripheral end 5a and the inner peripheral end 5b.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the spacers 8 are arranged at intervals between the strands 9 that overlap in the radial direction of the coil body 6. Thereby, a gap is generated between the strands 9 sandwiching the spacers 8. The maximum dimension ds of the gap generated between the strands 9 sandwiching each spacer 8 is the same as the thickness dimension of the spacer 8. A winding refrigerant flow path (second refrigerant flow path) 12 through which oil (refrigerant) passes across the coil winding 5 in a direction intersecting the coil winding 5 is formed in the gap generated between the strands 9. The spacer 8 is formed so as to be avoided. In this example, a space excluding the spacer 8 in the gap generated between the strands 9 by each spacer 8 is used as the winding refrigerant flow path 12. The winding refrigerant flow path 12 passes through the coil winding 5 and allows oil to pass from one surface of the coil winding 5 to the other surface. The winding refrigerant flow path 12 is in communication with the interlayer refrigerant flow path 11. Accordingly, the winding refrigerant flow path 12 passes oil from one interlayer refrigerant flow path 11 to the other interlayer refrigerant flow path 11 of the two interlayer refrigerant flow paths 11 provided on both sides of the coil winding 5. It has become.

  Each spacer 8 is provided at a predetermined position in the vicinity of the outer peripheral end 5 a of the coil winding 5. Therefore, the winding refrigerant flow path 12 is also provided in the vicinity of the outer peripheral end 5 a of the coil winding 5. In this example, each spacer 8 is provided at a predetermined position above and below each coil winding 5, and a winding refrigerant flow path 12 is formed above and below each coil winding 5.

  Next, the relationship between the gap generated between the strands 9 and each spacer 8 will be described. FIG. 5 is a front view showing an upper portion of the coil winding 5 of FIG. FIG. 6 is a front view showing the gaps generated by the spacers 8 in FIG. 5 and the spacers 8 separately. FIG. 6A is a diagram showing the spacers 8 and FIG. It is a figure which shows the clearance gap produced by each spacer.

  When the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the winding refrigerant flow path 12 to the cross-sectional area of the entire gap generated between the strands 9 is the opening ratio α [%] of the winding refrigerant flow path 12 with respect to the gap between the strands 9, The aperture ratio α is expressed by the following formula (1).

α = {1- (S ₁ / S ₀ )} × 100 (1)

However, S _0, as shown in FIG. 6 (b), the cross-sectional area of the entire gap between the wires 9 sandwiching the spacer 8. Further, S _1, as shown in FIG. 6 (a), the total cross-sectional area of each spacer 8 arranged in a common gap.

Therefore, for example, when the cross-sectional area S _{0 of the} entire gap is 1 and the total cross-sectional area S ₁ of each spacer 8 is 0.4, the aperture ratio α is 60 [%].

Here, the relationship between the thickness dimension [mm] of each spacer 8 and the pressure loss [Pa] of the refrigerant was obtained by calculation while changing the aperture ratio α. The calculation is based on a mineral oil (density 0.9 [g / cm ³ ], kinematic viscosity 8.57 [mm ² / s]) generally used as a refrigerant in an oil-filled transformer, and a flow rate 0.1 [m / s]. It was performed assuming that it flowed in. In general, when the oil flow rate is 0.05 [m / s] or more, the influence of the interval between the refrigerant flow paths positioned at the outer peripheral end of the coil winding 5 appears remarkably in the refrigerant pressure loss. .

  FIG. 7 is a graph showing the relationship between the thickness dimension [mm] of each spacer 8 of FIG. 2 and the pressure loss [Pa] of the refrigerant. FIG. 7 shows the relationship between the thickness dimension of the spacer 8 and the pressure loss of the refrigerant when the aperture ratio α is 20%, 40%, 90%, and 100%.

  From FIG. 7, when the aperture ratio α is 40 [%] or more and the thickness dimension of each spacer 8 (that is, the distance between the strands 9 sandwiching each spacer 8) is 4 [mm] or more, It can be seen that the pressure loss of the refrigerant is suppressed to 500 [Pa] or less. Therefore, in order to effectively suppress the decrease in cooling capacity, it is desirable that the aperture ratio α is 40 [%] or more and the thickness dimension of each spacer 8 is 4 [mm] or more.

  Further, if the opening ratio α is 90 [%] or more and the thickness dimension of each spacer 8 is 2 [mm] or more, the multilayer coil 4 can be further miniaturized while suppressing an increase in refrigerant pressure loss. However, if the aperture ratio α is too high, it becomes difficult to hold the gaps between the strands 9 by the spacers 8. Therefore, the aperture ratio α is preferably set to 50% or less.

  A part of the oil circulating in the tank 2 flows into the interlayer refrigerant flow path 11 through the winding refrigerant flow path 12 formed in the lower part of each coil winding 5 as shown in FIGS. (Arrow A). The oil flowing into the interlayer refrigerant flow path 11 is formed in the upper part of each coil winding 5 after flowing through the interlayer refrigerant flow path 11 along the circumferential direction of the coil winding 5 (arrow B). It flows out of the coil body 6 through the winding refrigerant flow path 12 (arrow C).

  In such an outer iron type transformer 1, an interlayer refrigerant flow path 11 through which oil (refrigerant) flows is provided between the coil windings 5, and a spacer 8 is disposed between the strands 9 of the coil winding 5 so that a gap is formed. In the gap formed between the strands 9, the winding refrigerant flow path 12 that passes the refrigerant across the coil winding 5 is formed in communication with the interlayer refrigerant flow path 11. The coolant can flow through the winding coolant channel 12 between the channel 11 and the outside of the coil body 6. This eliminates the need to set a wide gap between the outer peripheral ends 5a of the coil windings 5 in order to cause the refrigerant to flow into the interlayer refrigerant flow path 11, and suppresses a decrease in cooling capacity due to the refrigerant. The coil windings 5 can be brought close to each other, and the multilayer coil 4 can be miniaturized. Accordingly, it is possible to suppress a decrease in the cooling capacity due to the refrigerant and to reduce the size of the outer iron type transformer 1 as a whole.

  Further, since the spacer 8 is provided at a predetermined position in the vicinity of the outer peripheral end portion 5a of the coil winding 5, the refrigerant in the interlayer refrigerant flow path 11 can be easily flown over the entire coil body 6, and the cooling capacity Can be improved.

  Further, the thickness dimension of the spacer 8 is set to 4 [mm] or more, and the opening ratio α of the winding refrigerant flow path 12 with respect to the gap between the strands 9 generated by the spacer 8 is set to 40 [%] or more. The increase in the pressure loss of the refrigerant can be suppressed, and the refrigerant in the coil body 6 can be further flowed. Therefore, the cooling capacity can be further improved.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
In the first embodiment, the number of gaps generated by the spacer 8 is only one in the radial direction of the coil body 6, but the spacers 8 are arranged at a plurality of positions different from each other in the radial direction of the coil body 6. Thus, the number of gaps in the radial direction of the coil body 6 may be plural.

  That is, FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the main part showing the lower part of the coil body of the outer iron type transformer according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, in the lower part of the coil body 6, spacers 8 are respectively arranged at predetermined positions (two positions in this example) of the coil winding 5 in the radial direction of the coil body 6. Each spacer 8 is disposed between the strands 9 that overlap in the radial direction of the coil winding 5. Further, the spacers 8 are arranged in the vicinity of the outer peripheral end portion 5 a of the coil winding 5 and are separated from each other in the radial direction of the coil winding 5. As a result, a gap between a plurality of layers (in this example, two layers) generated between the strands 9 by the spacers 8 is formed in the lower part of the coil winding 5 in the radial direction of the coil body 6 (the radial direction of the coil winding 5). ) Are provided apart from each other.

  Similarly to the lower portion of the coil winding 5, spacers 8 are respectively disposed on the upper portion of the coil winding 5 at different predetermined positions (two positions in this example) in the radial direction of the coil body 6. Accordingly, a gap between the plurality of layers (in this example, two layers) generated between the strands 9 by the spacers 8 is also formed in the radial direction of the coil main body 6 (the radial direction of the coil winding 5). Are provided apart from each other.

  In each gap generated between the strands 9 by the spacers 8, the winding refrigerant flow path 12 similar to that of the first embodiment that passes the refrigerant across the coil winding 5 is communicated with the interlayer refrigerant flow path 11. Is formed. The distance between the first layer gap and the second layer gap above the coil winding 5, the distance between the first layer gap and the second layer gap below the coil winding 5, and the spacer 8 that generates each gap. Is set in consideration of the cooling effect of the refrigerant. Other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment.

  In such a shell-type transformer, the spacers 8 are arranged at a plurality of different positions in the coil winding 5 in the radial direction of the coil body 6, so that a plurality of layers of gaps are generated in the coil winding 5. The winding refrigerant flow path 12 can be formed in the gap between the layers. Thereby, it is possible to further facilitate the flow of the refrigerant through the winding refrigerant flow path 12, and the cooling capacity can be further improved. Therefore, for example, even when the heat generation amount is increased due to the increase in the energization amount to the multilayer coil 4 or when the pump power is not used for circulating the refrigerant, the cooling capacity for the multilayer coil 4 is more reliably ensured. Can be secured. Even if a part of the winding refrigerant flow path 12 formed in the gap between the layers is clogged with foreign matters in the refrigerant (for example, fragments of the partition 7 caused by aging), the gaps in the remaining layers Since the refrigerant can flow through the formed winding refrigerant flow path 12, it is possible to suppress a decrease in cooling capacity, and to improve the reliability of the cooling performance.

  In the above example, the spacers 8 are arranged at two different positions of the coil winding 5 in the radial direction of the coil body 6, but three different from each other of the coil winding 5 in the radial direction of the coil body 6. The spacer 8 may be disposed at the above position.

Embodiment 3 FIG.
In the first embodiment, the coil windings 5 are stacked while alternately contacting the outer peripheral end 5a and the inner peripheral end 5b, but the outer peripheral ends 5a of the coil windings 5 are in contact with each other. Instead, a predetermined gap may be provided between the outer peripheral ends 5 a of the coil windings 5.

  That is, FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the main part showing the lower part of the coil body of the outer iron type transformer according to the third embodiment of the present invention. Between the outer peripheral end portions 5a of the coil windings 5 (that is, the coil windings 5 adjacent to each other) located on both sides of the partition 7 that partitions the inner peripheral end portions 5b of the respective coil windings 5 at the lower portion of the coil body 6. Has a predetermined gap 31. The inside of the interlayer refrigerant flow path 11 and the outside of the coil body 6 are communicated via a predetermined gap 31. The distance between the outer peripheral end portions 5a that form the predetermined gap 31 is set to be narrower than the distance between the conventional gaps that is set wide to flow all of the refrigerant flowing through the interlayer refrigerant flow path 11. That is, the width of the predetermined gap 31 is narrow enough to allow only a part of the refrigerant flowing through the interlayer refrigerant flow path 11 to flow.

  Also in the upper part of the coil main body 6, the same as the lower part of the coil main body 6, between the outer peripheral end portions 5 a of the coil windings 5 positioned on both sides of the partition 7 that partitions the inner peripheral end portions 5 b of the coil windings 5. A predetermined gap has occurred.

  In addition, the inner peripheral ends 5b of the coil windings 5 located on both sides of the partition 7 that partitions the outer peripheral ends 5a of the coil windings 5 are in contact with each other. Other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment.

  In such a shell-type transformer, since a predetermined gap 31 is generated between the outer peripheral ends 5a of the coil windings 5 adjacent to each other, the refrigerant flowing through the interlayer refrigerant flow path 11 is passed through the winding refrigerant flow path 12 and The predetermined gaps 31 can be divided and flowed. Thereby, the distance between the outer peripheral edge parts 5a of the coil winding 5 can be made narrower than before while ensuring the flow rate of the refrigerant capable of maintaining the cooling capacity. Accordingly, the multilayer coil 4 can be miniaturized, and the entire outer iron type transformer can be miniaturized.

  In the above example, the configuration in which the predetermined gap 31 is provided between the outer peripheral end portions 5a of the coil windings 5 adjacent to each other is applied to the configuration of the first embodiment. A configuration in which the predetermined gap 31 is provided between the outer peripheral end portions 5a may be applied to the configuration of the second embodiment.

  Moreover, in each said embodiment, although each spacer 8 is provided in the predetermined position of the outer periphery end part 5a vicinity of the coil winding 5, the outer periphery end part 5a of the coil winding 5, the inner periphery end part 5b, Each spacer 8 may be provided at a predetermined position in the intermediate portion located between the two.

  Moreover, in each said embodiment, although this invention is applied to the outer iron type transformer as a stationary inductor, you may apply this invention to the inner iron type transformer as a stationary inductor.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Outer iron type transformer (stationary inductor), 5 coil winding, 6 coil body, 8 spacer, 9 strand, 11 interlayer refrigerant flow path (first refrigerant flow path), 12 winding refrigerant flow path (first 2 refrigerant flow paths).

Claims (5)

It has a plurality of coil windings configured by winding multiple strands so as to overlap in the radial direction, each coil winding is stacked in the axial direction, and is arranged with the axial direction horizontal A coil body, and a spacer that is disposed between the strands that overlap in the radial direction and that creates a gap between the strands at the upper and lower portions of the coil winding ,
Between each said coil winding, the 1st refrigerant flow path through which a refrigerant flows along the above-mentioned coil winding is provided,
The gap formed between the strands communicates with the first refrigerant flow path, and passes the refrigerant between the first refrigerant flow paths on both sides of the coil winding across the coil winding. A stationary inductor, wherein a second refrigerant flow path is formed. The inner peripheral ends of the coil windings are
The inner peripheral end portions that are in contact with each other and the inner peripheral end portions that are held at intervals are alternately provided,
2. The stationary inductor according to claim 1, wherein the spacer is provided at a predetermined position in the vicinity of an outer peripheral end portion of the coil winding.   The stationary inductor according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the spacer is arranged at a plurality of different positions of the coil winding in the radial direction.   The predetermined gap which connects between the said 1st refrigerant | coolant flow path and the said coil main body exterior is produced between the outer peripheral edge parts of the said coil winding adjacent to each other. Item 4. The stationary inductor according to any one of items 3 to 4. The thickness dimension of the spacer is 4 mm or more,
The opening ratio of the second refrigerant flow path with respect to the gap generated between the strands by the spacer is set to 40% or more and 50% or less. The static inductor according to one item.

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