JP5350360B2 - エボラ由来の遺伝子の発現を阻害するための組成物および方法 - Google Patents
エボラ由来の遺伝子の発現を阻害するための組成物および方法 Download PDFInfo
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Description
この出願は、2007年3月29日に出願された、米国仮出願第60/908,793号への優先権を主張する。この仮出願の内容全体は、この出願において参考として援用される。
本明細書中に記載の研究は、少なくとも一部が、National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases/National Institutes of Health/Department of Health and Human Services(NIAID/NIH/DHHS)からの契約番号HHSN266200600012C、ADBN01−AI−60012の下で合衆国政府から提供された資金を用いて行われた。従って、政府は、本発明において一定の権利を有し得る。
本発明は、二重鎖リボ核酸(dsRNA)およびエボラウイルスの遺伝子の1つの発現を阻害するためのRNA干渉の媒介におけるその使用、ならびに全身性出血および多臓器不全などのエボラ感染により媒介される病理学的過程を治療するためのdsRNAの使用に関する。
エボラウイルス
マイナス鎖(−)RNAウイルスは、重大なヒト疾患の流行を引き起こすヒトの苦痛の主要な原因である。ヒトにおいて、これらのウイルスにより引き起こされる疾患には、インフルエンザ(オルトミクソウイルス科)、流行性耳下腺炎、麻疹、上気道および下気道疾患(パラミクソウイルス科),狂犬病(ラブドウイルス科)、出血熱(フィロウイルス科、ブニヤウイルス科およびアレナウイルス科)、脳炎(ブニヤウイルス科)および神経学的疾患(ボマウイルス科)が挙げられる。実質的に、全ヒト集団は、これらのウイルスの多くに感染していると考えられる。
二本鎖RNA分子(dsRNA)は、RNA干渉(RNAi)として知られる高度に保存された制御機構の遺伝子発現を阻害することが示されてきた。特許文献1(Fireら)は、少なくとも25ヌクレオチドの長さのdsRNAの使用が、線虫における遺伝子の発現を阻害することを明らかにした。dsRNAはまた、植物(例えば、特許文献2、Waterhouseら;および特許文献3、Heifetzらを参照)、ショウジョウバエ(例えば、非特許文献1を参照)および哺乳動物(例えば、特許文献4、Limmer;およびDE 101 00 586.5、Kreutzerらを参照)などの生物体において標的RNAを分解することが示されてきた。この天然の機構は、現在、遺伝子の異常なまたは望まれない制御により引き起こされる障害を治療するための新規な分類の医薬品の開発の焦点となってきている。
本発明は、二重鎖リボ核酸(dsRNA)、ならびに当該dsRNAを用いて細胞または哺乳動物におけるエボラウイルスの発現を阻害するための組成物および方法を提供する。本発明はまた、全身性出血および多臓器不全などのエボラウイルス感染により引き起こされる病理学的症状および疾患を治療するための組成物および方法を提供する。本発明で特徴付けられるdsRNAは、ヌクレオチド長が30未満の、一般にヌクレオチド長が19〜24の領域を有するRNA鎖(アンチセンス鎖)を含み、エボラウイルス由来の遺伝子のmRNA転写物の少なくとも一部に実質的に相補的である。
(a)細胞に、二重鎖リボ核酸(dsRNA)を導入する工程であって、dsRNAは、互いに相補的な少なくとも2つの配列を含む。dsRNAは、第1の配列を有するセンス鎖および第2の配列を有するアンチセンス鎖を含む。アンチセンス鎖は、エボラウイルスによりコードされるmRNAの少なくとも一部に実質的に相補的な相補性の領域を含み、相補性の領域は、長さが30ヌクレオチド未満であり、一般に長さが19〜24ヌクレオチドであり、必要に応じて、dsRNAは、エボラウイルスに感染した細胞と接触したときに、本明細書中に記載のアッセイ(例えば、蛍光ベースアッセイ)におけるように、エボラウイルス由来の遺伝子の発現を少なくとも40%阻害する;および
(b)工程(a)で産生した細胞を、十分な時間にわたって維持し、エボラ遺伝子のmRNA転写物の分解を得、それによって、細胞中のエボラウイルス由来の遺伝子の発現を阻害する工程。
好ましい実施形態では、本発明は以下のdsRNAなどを提供する:
(項目1)
細胞においてヒトエボラゲノムの発現を阻害するための二重鎖リボ核酸(dsRNA)であって、該dsRNAが、互いに相補的な少なくとも2つの配列を含み、センス鎖が第1の配列を含み、アンチセンス鎖がエボラをコード化するmRNAの少なくとも一部に実質的に相補的な相補性の領域を含む第2の配列を含み、該相補性の領域の長さが30ヌクレオチド未満である、dsRNA。
(項目2)
前記第1の配列が、表2のセンス配列からなる群から選択され、前記第2の配列が、表2のアンチセンス配列からなる群から選択される、項目1に記載のdsRNA。
(項目3)
前記dsRNAが、少なくとも1つの修飾ヌクレオチドを含む、項目1に記載のdsRNA。
(項目4)
前記dsRNAが、少なくとも1つの修飾ヌクレオチドを含む、項目2に記載のdsRNA。
(項目5)
前記修飾ヌクレオチドが、2’−O−メチル修飾ヌクレオチド、5’−ホスホロチオエート基を含むヌクレオチド、およびコレステリル誘導体またはドデカン酸ビスデシルアミド基に結合した末端ヌクレオチドの群から選択される、項目3に記載のdsRNA。
(項目6)
前記修飾ヌクレオチドが、2’−デオキシ−2’−フルオロ修飾ヌクレオチド、2’−デオキシ−修飾ヌクレオチド、ロックドヌクレオチド、脱塩基ヌクレオチド、2’−アミノ修飾ヌクレオチド、2’−アルキル修飾ヌクレオチド、モルフォリノヌクレオチド、ホスホルアミデート、および非天然塩基含有ヌクレオチドの群から選択される、項目3に記載のdsRNA。
(項目7)
前記第1の配列が、表2のセンス配列からなる群から選択され、前記第2の配列が、表2のアンチセンス配列からなる群から選択される、項目3に記載のdsRNA。
(項目8)
前記第1の配列が、表2のセンス配列からなる群から選択され、前記第2の配列が、表2のアンチセンス配列からなる群から選択される、項目6に記載のdsRNA。
(項目9)
項目1に記載のdsRNAを含む、細胞。
(項目10)
生物体においてエボラウイルス由来の遺伝子の発現を阻害するための医薬組成物であって、項目1に記載のdsRNAおよび医薬上許容され得る担体を含む、医薬組成物。
(項目11)
前記dsRNAの前記第1の配列が、表2のセンス配列からなる群から選択され、前記第2の配列が、表2のアンチセンス配列からなる群から選択される、項目10に記載の医薬組成物。
(項目12)
前記dsRNAの前記第1の配列が、配列番号1029の配列からなり、前記第2の配列が、配列番号1030の配列からなる、項目10に記載の医薬組成物。
(項目13)
細胞においてエボラウイルス由来の遺伝子の発現を阻害するための方法であって、
(a)該細胞に、項目1に記載の二重鎖リボ核酸(dsRNA)を導入する工程、および
(b)工程(a)で産生した細胞を、エボラウイルス由来の遺伝子のmRNA転写物の分解を得るのに十分な時間にわたって維持することによって、該細胞中の該エボラウイルス由来の遺伝子の発現を阻害する工程、
を含む、方法。
(項目14)
エボラ発現によって媒介される病理学的過程を治療、予防または管理する方法であって、このような治療、予防または管理を必要とする患者に、治療上または予防上の有効量の項目1に記載のdsRNAを投与することを含む、方法。
(項目15)
細胞においてエボラウイルス由来の遺伝子の発現を阻害するためのベクターであって、項目1に記載のdsRNAをコードするヌクレオチド配列に作動可能に結合した制御配列を含む、ベクター。
(項目16)
項目15に記載のベクターを含む、細胞。
(項目17)
前記dsRNAが、エボラのVP35を標的とする、項目1に記載のdsRNA。
(項目18)
前記dsRNAが、配列番号1029の配列からなるセンス鎖および配列番号1030の配列からなるアンチセンス鎖を有する、項目1に記載のdsRNA。
(項目19)
前記dsRNAが、エボラウイルスに感染した細胞と接触したときに、該ウイルス由来の遺伝子の発現を少なくとも40%阻害する、項目1に記載のdsRNA。
(項目20)
前記相補性の領域の長さが15〜30ヌクレオチドである、項目1に記載のdsRNA。
(項目21)
前記相補性の領域の長さが19および24ヌクレオチドである、項目1に記載のdsRNA。
(項目22)
前記dsRNAが、エボラウイルスに感染した細胞と接触したときに、該ウイルス由来の遺伝子の発現を少なくとも40%阻害する、項目15に記載のベクター。
23。
(項目23)
前記dsRNAの長さが15〜30塩基対である、項目15に記載のベクター。
(項目24)
前記dsRNAの長さが19〜24塩基対である、項目15に記載のベクター。
(項目25)
エボラウイルスに感染した対象の寿命を延長させる方法であって、該対象に、項目1に記載のdsRNAを、該対象の寿命を延長させるのに十分な量で投与する工程を含む、方法。
(項目26)
エボラウイルスに感染した対象のウイルス力価を減少させる方法であって、該対象に、項目1に記載のdsRNAを、該対象のウイルス力価を減少させるのに十分な量で投与する工程を含む、方法。
(項目27)
エボラウイルスに感染した対象の血小板数を維持させる方法であって、該対象に、項目1に記載のdsRNAを、血小板数を維持させるのに十分な量で投与する工程を含む、方法。
(項目28)
前記対象のリンパ球数も維持される、項目27に記載の方法。
便宜のため、本明細書、実施例および添付の特許請求の範囲で用いられる特定の用語および表現の意味を以下に提供する。本明細書の他の部分における用語と本章で提供されるその定義との間に明らかな矛盾がある場合は、本章における定義が優先するものとする。
(対照細胞中のmRNA)−(処理した細胞中のmRNA)*100%
(対照細胞中のmRNA)
あるいは、阻害の程度は、エボラゲノム転写に機能的に関連するパラメータ、例えば、エボラウイルス由来の遺伝子によりコードされるタンパク質の量または特定の表現型(例えば、エボラウイルスへの感染)を示す細胞の数の減少の点から得られ得る。原理的には、エボラゲノム沈静化は、標的を発現する任意の細胞中で、恒常的にまたはゲノム工学によってのいずれかで、および任意の適切なアッセイにより、決定され得る。しかしながら、与えられたdsRNAがエボラウイルス由来の遺伝子の発現を阻害するか否かをある程度決定するために参照が必要とされ、そのために本発明に包含される場合、以下の実施例で提供されるアッセイがそのような参照の役割を果たす。
1つの実施形態では、本発明は、細胞または哺乳動物においてエボラウイルス由来の遺伝子の発現を阻害するための二重鎖リボ核酸(dsRNA)分子を提供し、ここで、dsRNAは、エボラウイルス由来の遺伝子の発現において形成されるmRNAの少なくとも一部に相補的な領域を含むアンチセンス鎖を含み、相補性の領域は、長さが30ヌクレオチド未満、一般に長さが19〜24ヌクレオチドであり、当該dsRNAは、エボラウイルス由来の遺伝子を発現する細胞と接触したときに、エボラウイルス遺伝子の発現を少なくとも40%阻害する。
本発明のdsRNAはまた、インビボで、細胞内で組換え型ウイルスベクターから発現され得る。本発明の組換え型ウイルスベクターは、本発明のdsRNAをコード化する配列、およびdsRNA配列を発現するための任意の適切なプロモータを含む。適切なプロモータには、例えば、U6またはH1RNApolIIIプロモータ配列およびサイトメガロウイルスプロモータが挙げられる。他の適切なプロモータの選択は、当該分野での知識の範囲内である。本発明の組換え型ウイルスベクターはまた、特定の組織中または特定の細胞内環境中でdsRNAを発現するための誘導性または調節性プロモータを含み得る。本発明のdsRNAをインビボで細胞に送達するための組換え型ウイルスベクターの使用を、以下でより詳細に検討する。
1つの実施形態では、本発明は、本明細書に記載のdsRNAおよび医薬上許容され得る担体を含む医薬組成物を提供する。dsRNAを含む医薬組成物は、全身性出血および多臓器不全などの、エボラウイルス由来の遺伝子の活性の発現および/またはウイルス感染に関連する疾患または障害を治療するのに有用である。このような医薬組成物は、送達の様式に基づいて製剤化される。1つの例は、非経口的送達による全身投与のために製剤化された組成物である。
研究されてきたマイクロエマルジョンに加えて、多くの組織化された界面活性剤構造が存在し、薬物の製剤化に用いられる。これらは、単層、ミセル、二重層および小胞を含む。リポソームなどの小胞は、それらが薬物送達の観点から提供するそれらの特異性および作用の維持時間のために、多くの関心を集めてきた。リポソーム送達系は、インビボでsiRNAを、および肝細胞中で沈黙遺伝子を効率的に送達するのに用いられてきた[Zimmermannら、(2006)Nature,441:111−114]。このようなsiRNA−リポソーム製剤はまた、脂質代謝異常[Zimmermannら、(2006)Nature,441:111−114]、HBV感染[Morrisseyら、(2005)Nature Biotech 23:1002−1007]、エボラ感染[Geisbertら、(2006)The Journal of Infectious Diseases,193:1650−1657]および関節リウマチ[Khouryら、(2006)Arthritis&Rheumatism,54:1867−1877]の動物モデルにおける治療の有益性のために用いられてきた。本発明で使用されるとき、用語「リポソーム」は、球状二重層(単数または複数)中に配列された両親媒性脂質から構成される小胞を意味する。
本発明の特定の組成物もまた、製剤中に担体化合物を配合する。本明細書中で用いられる「担体化合物」または「担体」は、不活性である(すなわち、それ自体は生物活性を有さない)が、生物活性を有する核酸の生物学的利用能を、例えば、生物学的に活性な核酸を分解するかまたはその循環からの除去を促進することにより減少させるインビボプロセスにより、核酸であると認識される、核酸またはその類似体を意味し得る。核酸と担体化合物とを、代表的には、後者の物質を過剰にして同時投与すると、恐らく共通の受容体に対する担体化合物と核酸との競合のために、肝臓、腎臓または外部循環貯蔵部(extracirculatory reservoir)中に回収される核酸量の実質的な減少が生じ得る。例えば、肝臓組織における部分的ホスホロチオエート化dsRNAの回収は、これがポリイノシン酸、硫酸デキストラン、ポリシチジン酸(polycytidic acid)または4−アセトアミド−4’イソチオシアノ−スチルベン−2,2’−ジスルホン酸と同時投与されるときには、減少する(Miyaoら、DsRNA Res.Dev.,1995,5,115−121;Takakuraら、DsRNA&Nucl.Acid Drug Dev.,1996,6,177−183。
担体化合物とは対照的に、「医薬担体」または「賦形剤」は、1つ以上の核酸を動物に送達するための医薬上許容され得る溶媒、懸濁化剤または任意の他の薬理学的に不活性なビヒクルである。賦形剤は液体でも固体でもよく、特定の薬剤組成物の核酸および他の構成成分と組み合わされたときに、所望の嵩(bulk)、コンシステンシーなどを生じることを念頭において計画された投与方法によって選択される。代表的な医薬担体には、結合剤(例えば、アルファ化されたトウモロコシ澱粉、ポリビニルピロリドンまたはヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロースなど);充填剤(例えば、ラクトースと他の糖、微結晶セルロース、ペクチン、ゼラチン、硫酸カルシウム、エチルセルロース、ポリアクリレートまたはリン酸水素カルシウムなど);滑沢剤(例えば、ステアリン酸マグネシウム、タルク、シリカ、コロイド状二酸化ケイ素、ステアリン酸、金属ステアリン酸塩、水素化植物油、コーンスターチ、ポリエチレングリコール、安息香酸ナトリウム、酢酸ナトリウムなど);崩壊剤(例えば、澱粉、澱粉グリコール酸ナトリウムなど);または湿潤剤(例えば、ラウリル硫酸ナトリウムなど)が挙げられるが、これらに限定されない。
本発明の組成物は、医薬組成物中に慣用的に見出される他の補助的構成成分を、それらの技術上確立された使用レベルでさらに含有することができる。したがって、例えば、組成物は、さらなる相溶性の医薬的に活性な物質、例えば、かゆみ止め剤、収斂薬、局部麻酔薬もしくは抗炎症薬を含有し得るか、または本発明の組成物の種々な投与形を物理的に製剤化するために有用なさらなる物質、例えば、染料、香味剤、保存剤、酸化防止剤、不透明化剤、増粘剤および安定剤を含有し得る。しかし、このような物質は、加えたときに、本発明の組成物の構成成分の生物学的活性を不当に妨害してはならない。製剤は無菌化され得、所望であれば、補助剤、例えば、製剤中の核酸と不利に反応しない潤滑剤、保存料、安定化剤、湿潤剤、乳化剤、影響浸透圧に影響を与えるための塩、緩衝液、着色剤、香味剤および/または芳香物質などと混合される。
本発明は、特に、エボラ感染に関連する病理学的症状(例えば、全身性出血および多臓器不全)の治療または予防のためにdsRNAまたはそれから調製される医薬組成物を使用することに関する。
さらに他の態様では、本発明は、哺乳動物においてエボラウイルス由来の遺伝子の発現を阻害する方法を提供する。方法は、標的のエボラゲノムの発現が沈静化するように、哺乳動物に本発明の組成物を投与することを含む。本発明のdsRNAは、それらの高い特異性のために、標的のエボラ遺伝子のRNA(一次または加工)を特に標的とする。dsRNAを用いてこれらのエボラ遺伝子の発現を阻害するための組成物および方法は、本明細書中の他所に記載したように成し遂げられ得る。
試薬の供給源
試薬の供給源は特に本明細書中で与えられていないが、このような試薬は、分子生物学での用途のための一定の品質/純度の標準で、分子生物学用の試薬の任意の供給元から入手され得る。
一本鎖RNAを、Expedite8909合成装置(Applied Biosystems,Applera Deutschland GmbH,Darmstadt,Germany)、および多孔性ガラス(CPG,500Å,Proligo Biochemie GmbH,Hamburg,Germany)を固相支持体として用いて、固相合成により作製した。RNAおよび2’−O−メチルヌクレオチドを含むRNAを、対応するホスホロアミダイトおよび2’−O−メチルホスホロアミダイト(Proligo Biochemie GmbH,Hamburg,Germany)をそれぞれ用いて、固相合成により作製した。これらのビルディングブロックを、 nucleic acid chemistryのCurrent protocols,Beaucage,S.L.ら、(Edrs.),John Wiley & Sons,Inc.,New York,N.Y.,USAに記載されるような標準的なヌクレオシドホスホロアミダイト化学を用いてオリゴリボヌクレオチド鎖の配列内の選択した部位に組み込んだ。ホスホロチオエート結合を、Beaucage試薬(Chruachem Ltd,Glasgow,UK)のアセトニトリル(1%)溶液を用いてヨウ素酸化剤溶液で置換することにより導入した。さらなる付属的な試薬は、Mallinckrodt Baker(Griesheim,Germany)から入手した。
ジエチル−2−アザブタン−1,4−ジカルボキシラートAA
エボラウイルスを標的とするsiRNAの設計およびイン・シリコでの選択
遺伝子VP30、VP35、NP、L、VP24、VP40およびGPについて、エボラウイルスmRNAを標的とするsiRNAを同定するため、ザイール地域から単離した配列(EBOV−Z)およびスーダンからの配列(EBOV−S)に焦点を当てて、siRNAの設計を行った。siRNAのイン・シリコでの選択により、我々の選択判断基準を満たす521のsiRNAを得た(表2)。
表3は、表2に記載のsiRNAのスクリーニング結果の概要を提供する。GFPを発現するEbola−Zaireウイルスを用いる初期スクリーニングおよびEbola−Sudanウイルスを用いる免疫蛍光スクリーニングに従い、活性を示すsiRNAを、Ebola−ZaireおよびEbola−Sudan株に対する抗ウイルス活性についてのプラークアッセイにより、さらに試験した。いくつかのsiRNAは、1つ以上のエボラ株に対して顕著な活性を有したことが同定された。100nMの濃度で、同定された多くのsiRNAが、エボラウイルス力価において1対数よりも大きい減少(>90%を超える阻害)を示した。同じ濃度のネガティブコントロールのルシフェラーゼおよびGFPは、ウイルス力価の10〜35%の間の減少を示した(表3)。3つの予め同定されたエボラsiRNA(LS L#1,LS NP#1,LS VP35#1)もまた並行して試験され、エボラウイルスをおよそ70%阻害した。予め同定されたエボラsiRNAは、以下の組成を有する25ヌクレオチド平滑断端二本鎖である:LS L#1、センス:5’
CCAUCUCUGAGACACGACAUAUCUU3’アンチセンス:5’
AAGAUAUGUCGUGUCUCAGAGAUGG3’;LS NP#1、センス:5’
GGUUCAAAGGCAAAUUCAAGUACAU3’アンチセンス5’
AUGUACUUGAAUUUGCCUUUGAACC3’;LS VP35#1、センス5’
CCCAAAUGCAACAAACCAAGCCAAA3’アンチセンス5’
UUUGGCUUGGUUUGUUGCAUUUGGG3’。AD−1955およびAD−5179についてのsiRNA配列は以下の通りである:AD−1955、センス:5’CUUACGCUGAGUACUUCGAdTsdT3’アンチセンス:5’UCGAAGUACUCAGCGUAAGdTsdT3’;AD−5179、センス:5’CcAcAuGAAGcAGcACGACusU3’アンチセンス:5’AAGUCGUGCUGCUUCAUGUGgsusC3’。
VERO細胞を、黒色壁96穴プレートの穴1つ当たり〜2×10E4個の細胞で形質移入した。形質移入は、100、10および1nMのLipofectamine(50 ul体積中、穴1つ当たり1.2ulのリポフェクタミン;複合体生成は、室温で15〜20分行った)と複合体化したsiRNAを用いて、10%FCSを有するEMEM中で一晩行った。
VERO細胞を、黒色壁96穴プレートの穴1つ当たり〜2×10E4個の細胞で形質移入した。形質移入は、100、10および1nMのリポフェクタミン(50ul体積中、穴1つ当たり1.2ulのリポフェクタミン;複合体生成は、室温で15〜20分行った)と複合体化したsiRNAを用いて、10%FCSを有するEMEM中で一晩行った。
Vero細胞を、〜1.5×10E5/穴密度の密度で、24穴プレートに形質移入した。形質移入を、10%FCSを含むEMEM中で、一晩、100nMのLipofectamineと複合体化したsiRNA(200ul体積中、穴1つ当たり3ulのLipofectamine;複合体生成は、室温で15〜20分行った)で行った。形質移入を繰り返し行った。24時間後、重複するプレートを、50ul/穴で、1/500希釈Zaire−EBOV[06年6月20日由来の(E6P2)株、USAMRIID]または1/1000希釈EBOV−Sudan[(株Boniface)、06年5月23日由来の株GP(1)V(2)E6(2)、USAMRIID]のいずれかに感染させた。37℃で1時間後、ウイルス接種材料を500ulの新鮮な10%FCS/EMEMで置換した。
NP(配列番号1043)、GP(配列番号1044)、L、VP24(配列番号1045)、VP30(配列番号1046)、VP35(配列番号1047)、VP40(配列番号1048)の共通配列を、GENEART(Regensburg、Germany)により合成し、GENEART標準ベクターにクローン化した。L遺伝子は、2つの断片(配列番号1049および配列番号1050)として産生した。全ての遺伝子を、XhoIおよびNotI部位により個々のpsiCheck−2(Promega,Mannheim,Germany)ベクターにサブクローン化し、その結果、ウミシイタケルシフェラーゼの終止コドンとポリA−シグナルとの間のflu遺伝子を有する構築物が得られた。訂正クローン化は、GATC Biotech(Konstanz,Germany)により行われた末端配列決定により確認した。
Cos−7細胞を、75μlの生育培地中で、透明な底部を有する白色96穴プレート(Greiner Bio−One GmbH,Frickenhausen,Germany)上に1.5×104細胞/穴で播種した。細胞の播種直後、50ngのプラスミド/穴を、全プレートについてのマスターミックスとして調製されたOpti−MEM中で12.5μl/穴の最終体積まで希釈したプラスミドを用いて、siRNAについて以下に記載した通りにLipofectamine2000(Invitrogen)で形質移入した。
エボラ遺伝子を標的とするリポソーム製剤化されたsiRNAは、マウスを致命的なエボラウイルス攻撃から保護する。リポソーム製剤化についての詳細は、次章で詳述する。マウスを、エボラ感染の2時間前(5mg/kg静脈内)およびエボラ感染の3日後(3mg/kg腹腔内)に、リポソーム製剤化siRNA(以下に記載)で2回処置した。マウスを、30,000LD50(LD50は、50%の動物が死亡するエボラ感染の致死量である)のEbola−Zaireに腹腔内感染させた。1処置群当たりn=10で、マウスの生存を監視した。ネガティブコントロールは、未処置マウスおよびリポソーム製剤化ルシフェラーゼsiRNA(AD−1955)で処置したマウスを含んだ。EK1は、以前に公開された、ポジティブコントロールとして用いられる、エボラL遺伝子を標的とするsiRNA配列である[Geisbertら、(2006)The Journal of Infectious Disease 193:1950−1657]。EK1についてのsiRNA配列は、以下の通りである:
5’GUACGAAGCUGUAUAUAAAdTdT 3’(センス)および
5’UUUAUAUACAGCUUCGUACdTdT 3’(アンチセンス)。
脂質様ND98−4HCl(MW1487)(図3)、コレステロール(Sigma−Aldrich)およびPEG−Ceramide C16(Avanti Polar Lipids)を用いて、脂質−siRNAナノ粒子を調製した。それぞれのエタノール中のストック溶液を調製した:ND98、133mg/mL;コレステロール、25mg/mL、PEG−セラミドC16、100mg/mL。次いで、ND98、コレステロールおよびPEG−セラミドC16ストック溶液を、42:48:10のモル比で組み合わせた。合わせた脂質溶液を、最終的なエタノール濃度が35〜45%および最終的な酢酸ナトリウム濃度が100〜300mMとなるように、水性siRNA(酢酸ナトリウム中、pH5)と素早く混合した。混合すると、脂質−siRNAナノ粒子が自発的に形成する。所望の粒径分布に応じて、いくつかの場合には、得られたナノ粒子混合物を、サーモバレル押出機(Lipex Extruder,Northern Lipids,Inc)を用いて、ポリカーボネート膜(100nmカットオフ)を通して押出した。他の場合では、押出し工程を省略した。エタノールの除去および同時の緩衝液交換を、透析またはタンジェンシャルフロー濾過により達成した。緩衝液を、pH7.2のリン酸緩衝生理食塩水(PBS)に交換した。
標準的なまたは押出しなしの方法のいずれかにより調製した製剤を、同様の方法で特徴付ける。製剤を、まず、視覚的観察により特徴付ける。それらは、凝集物または沈降物を含まない白っぽい半透明の溶液であるはずである。脂質ナノ粒子の粒径および粒径分布 を、Malvern Zetasizer Nano ZS(Malvern,USA)を用いる動的光散乱により測定する。粒子は、サイズが20〜300nm、および理想的には40〜100nmであるはずである。粒径分布は単峰型であるはずである。製剤中の全siRNA濃度、および捕捉された画分を、色素排除アッセイを用いて評価する。製剤されたsiRNAの試料を、RNA結合性色素Ribogreen(Molecular Probes)を用いて、製剤を分離させる界面活性剤である0.5%Triton−X100の存在下または非存在下でインキュベートする。製剤中の全siRNAを、検量線に対する、界面活性剤を含有する試料由来のシグナルにより決定する。捕捉した画分を、全siRNA含有量から「非含有の」siRNA含有量(界面活性剤の非存在下でのシグナルにより測定される)を減算することにより決定する。捕捉されたsiRNAの%は、代表的には85%超である。
Claims (13)
- 細胞においてエボラウイルスの遺伝子の発現を阻害するのに使用するための二重鎖リボ核酸(dsRNA)であって、該dsRNAが、互いに相補的な少なくとも2つの配列を含み、センス鎖が第1の配列を含み、アンチセンス鎖がエボラウイルスmRNAの少なくとも一部に相補的な相補性の領域を含む第2の配列を含み、該相補性の領域の長さが30ヌクレオチド未満であり、ここで、該アンチセンス鎖が、エボラVP35 mRNA配列UGAUGAAGAUUAAGAAAAAに相補的な配列を含み、該dsRNAが少なくとも1つの修飾ヌクレオチドを含む、dsRNA。
- 前記dsRNAが、
a)配列番号1027の配列からなるセンス鎖および配列番号1028の配列からなるアンチセンス鎖、
b)配列番号9の配列からなるセンス鎖および配列番号10の配列からなるアンチセンス鎖、または
c)配列番号159の配列からなるセンス鎖および配列番号160の配列からなるアンチセンス鎖、
を含む、請求項1に記載のdsRNA。 - 前記修飾ヌクレオチドが、
a)2’−O−メチル修飾ヌクレオチド、5’−ホスホロチオエート基を含むヌクレオチド、およびコレステリル誘導体またはドデカン酸ビスデシルアミド基に結合した末端ヌクレオチドの群から選択されるか、あるいは
b)2’−デオキシ−2’−フルオロ修飾ヌクレオチド、2’−デオキシ−修飾ヌクレオチド、ロックドヌクレオチド、脱塩基ヌクレオチド、2’−アミノ修飾ヌクレオチド、2’−アルキル修飾ヌクレオチド、モルフォリノヌクレオチド、ホスホルアミデート、および非天然塩基含有ヌクレオチドの群から選択される、
請求項1に記載のdsRNA。 - 生物体においてエボラウイルス由来の遺伝子の発現を阻害するのに使用するための医薬組成物であって、請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載のdsRNAおよび医薬上許容され得る担体を含む、医薬組成物。
- 細胞においてエボラウイルス由来の遺伝子の発現を阻害するためのインビトロでの方法であって、
(a)該細胞に、請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の二重鎖リボ核酸(dsRNA)を導入する工程、および
(b)工程(a)で産生した細胞を、エボラウイルス由来の遺伝子のmRNA転写物の分解を得るのに十分な時間にわたって維持することによって、該細胞中の該エボラウイルス由来の遺伝子の発現を阻害する工程、
を含む、方法。 - エボラ発現によって媒介される病理学的過程を治療、予防または管理する際に使用するための請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載のdsRNA。
- 細胞においてエボラウイルス由来の遺伝子の発現を阻害するためのベクターであって、請求項1に記載のdsRNAをコードするヌクレオチド配列に作動可能に結合した制御配列を含む、ベクター。
- 請求項7に記載のベクターまたは請求項1に記載のdsRNAを含む、細胞。
- 前記dsRNAが、エボラウイルスに感染した細胞と接触したときに、該ウイルス由来の遺伝子の発現を少なくとも40%阻害する、請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載のdsRNAまたは請求項7に記載のベクター。
- 前記相補性の領域の長さが
19または24ヌクレオチド
である、請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載のdsRNA。 - 前記dsRNAの長さが
19〜24塩基対
である、請求項7に記載のベクター。 - a)エボラウイルスに感染した対象の寿命を延長させるため、
b)エボラウイルスに感染した対象のウイルス力価を減少させるため、または
c)エボラウイルスに感染した対象の血小板数を維持させるため
に使用するための、請求項1〜3および9〜10のいずれかに記載のdsRNA。 - 前記対象のリンパ球数も維持される、請求項12c)に記載のdsRNA。
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- 2008-03-25 AP AP2014007971A patent/AP2014007971A0/xx unknown
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2009
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2010
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2011
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| CA2682161A1 (en) | 2008-10-09 |
| HK1137194A1 (en) | 2010-07-23 |
| US20110201671A1 (en) | 2011-08-18 |
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| ZA200907445B (en) | 2014-04-30 |
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| EP2147102A2 (en) | 2010-01-27 |
| US20140243394A1 (en) | 2014-08-28 |
| US20160264972A1 (en) | 2016-09-15 |
| US7973020B2 (en) | 2011-07-05 |
| JP2010522563A (ja) | 2010-07-08 |
| AU2008232891A1 (en) | 2008-10-09 |
| US20130225654A1 (en) | 2013-08-29 |
| US7759320B2 (en) | 2010-07-20 |
| US9187516B2 (en) | 2015-11-17 |
| WO2008121604A3 (en) | 2009-06-04 |
| WO2008121604A2 (en) | 2008-10-09 |
| US8354390B2 (en) | 2013-01-15 |
| EP2589660B1 (en) | 2014-11-26 |
| US20090143323A1 (en) | 2009-06-04 |
| AP3018A (en) | 2014-10-31 |
| EP2589660A1 (en) | 2013-05-08 |
| JP5804647B2 (ja) | 2015-11-04 |
| JP2014217389A (ja) | 2014-11-20 |
| AU2008232891B2 (en) | 2012-01-12 |
| AP2009005000A0 (en) | 2009-10-31 |
| US20110060031A1 (en) | 2011-03-10 |
| EP2905336A1 (en) | 2015-08-12 |
| AP2014007971A0 (en) | 2014-09-30 |
| US8735369B2 (en) | 2014-05-27 |
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