JP5153363B2 - Work extrusion device and machine tool equipped with the work extrusion device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a workpiece extrusion device that extrudes a gripped workpiece from a main shaft, and a machine tool including the workpiece extrusion device.

  In a conventional lathe, an apparatus for extruding a work that has been mounted on a spindle and finished processing is known. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a knockout device in which knockout bars are arranged concentrically within a main shaft, and the processed workpiece is pushed out of the main shaft by moving the knockout bar in the axial direction (see FIG. 5). In the conventional example shown in FIG. 5, the workpiece (not shown) gripped by the collet chuck 4 of the spindle 3 provided on the spindle stock 2 of the lathe 1 is processed by a tool attached to a tool post (not shown). It has become. A knockout bar 7 in which a through hole 6 is formed is disposed in the main shaft 3. The knockout bar 7 is slidably provided on a knockout bar guide 8 disposed inside the rear end side of the main shaft 3. The cylinder 9 is disposed in the main shaft 3 by a cylinder 9 disposed in parallel with the knockout bar 7. It can move in the direction. A hollow nozzle member 11 is screwed to the tip of the knockout bar 7 so that the nozzle member 11 comes into contact with and pushes out the workpiece when the workpiece has been processed.

  Patent Document 2 discloses a chuck device in which an extruding member for extruding a workpiece is provided in the main shaft, and an air ejection portion for ejecting air into the main shaft in order to move the extruding member and clean the workpiece gripping portion. It is disclosed.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-100801 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 4-86104

  Since the knockout rod described in Patent Document 1 is configured such that fluid is ejected from the center of its end surface, the ejected fluid is unlikely to diffuse radially outward of the main shaft, and therefore the main shaft inner wall can be sufficiently cleaned. There was no problem. In particular, when the work held by the main shaft is hollow, most of the ejected fluid may be discharged outside through the work without cleaning the inner wall of the main shaft.

  Further, in the extruded member described in Patent Document 2, since the air jet port is opened in a direction orthogonal to the spindle axis, the efficiency of extruding cutting scraps and the like to the front side (workpiece side) is not high. In general, the extrusion member is used after being exchanged according to the shape of the workpiece. However, forming the above-described ejection ports for all types of extrusion members leads to an increase in cost.

In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 includes a hollow moving rod disposed in a main shaft for gripping a workpiece so as to be movable in the axial direction of the main shaft, and an end surface of the moving rod. In a work extrusion device having an extrusion member detachably attached to the moving rod so as to protrude, and a jet outlet for ejecting the fluid introduced into the movable rod into the main shaft, an end face of the movable rod Forming a female screw portion for screwing and attaching the push-out member, forming a groove in which a part of the female screw portion is cut out in the outer peripheral direction, and opening the groove at an end surface of the movable rod. Extrusion of workpieces extending in the axial direction so as to communicate with the hollow hole of the moving rod when the pushing member is mounted on the part, and forming the jet port with the groove and the pushing member mounted on the moving rod An apparatus workpiece extrusion apparatus is provided.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a machine tool in which the workpiece pushing device according to the first aspect is accommodated in a main shaft .

  According to the present invention, the fluid discharged from the jet port formed on the end face of the moving rod diffuses radially outward along the outer periphery of the push member, so that the main shaft inner wall can be efficiently cleaned. Further, since it is not necessary to form channels such as grooves and through holes in the extrusion members to be prepared in accordance with the workpiece shape, the cost can be reduced.

  Further, according to the present invention, in the workpiece push-out apparatus having the above-described effects, a female screw portion to which the push member is screwed and attached is formed on the end surface of the moving rod, and a part of the female screw portion is cut out in the outer peripheral direction. A groove is formed, the groove is opened at the end face of the movable rod, and is extended in the axial direction so as to communicate with the hollow hole of the movable rod when the extruded member is mounted on the female screw portion, and is mounted on the groove and the movable rod. This can be realized by a simple configuration in which the ejection port is formed by the extruded member.

  FIG. 1 is an axial sectional view showing a spindle 3 provided on a spindle stock 2 of a machine tool such as a lathe including a workpiece pushing device according to the present invention. Components similar to those shown in FIG. 5 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted. In the main shaft 3, a knockout bar 13 constituting a work pushing device for pushing the processed work 12 held by the collet chuck 4 is disposed. The knockout bar 13 is slidably provided on a knockout bar guide 8 disposed inside the rear end side of the main shaft 3, and the inside of the main shaft 3 is moved by a cylinder (not shown) (similar to the cylinder 9 in FIG. 5). It can move in the axial direction. The knockout bar 13 includes a pipe-shaped moving rod 16 in which a through hole 14 is formed, and an extrusion member, that is, a knockout pin 17 detachably attached to the tip of the moving rod 16. The movable rod 16 has a nozzle portion 18 at the tip thereof. The nozzle portion 18 may be a nozzle member attached to the tip of the moving rod 16 by screwing as in the illustrated example, or may be configured integrally with the moving rod 16. The knockout pin 17 is attached to the tip of the nozzle portion 18 by screwing. When the workpiece 12 has been processed, the moving rod 16 moves toward the workpiece 12 (to the left in FIG. 1), and the tip 19 of the knockout pin 17 is moved to the workpiece. The workpiece 12 is pushed out from the main shaft 2 in contact with the main shaft 2.

  FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a side surface and an end surface of the embodiment of the nozzle member 18. The nozzle member 18 is formed at a through hole 21 through which a fluid such as pressurized air or oil can flow, a male screw portion 22 screwed into the moving rod 16, and an end of the through hole 21, and is screwed into the knockout pin 17 And a female screw portion 23 to be used. The nozzle member 18 has a groove 26 in which a part of the female screw portion 23 is cut out in the radial direction. The groove 26 opens at the end face 24 and extends in the axial direction so as to communicate with the through hole 21 in a state where the nozzle member 18 is mounted on the moving rod 16. The groove 26 at least partially faces the outer periphery of the knockout pin 17 screwed into the female screw portion 23. In the illustrated example, three grooves 26 are formed at equal intervals of 120 ° in the circumferential direction on the end face 24. However, the number of grooves 26 may be other numbers, and when there are a plurality of grooves 26, It does not need to be formed at equiangular intervals.

  FIG. 3A is a view showing the knockout pin 17, and FIGS. 3B and 3C are views showing knockout pins 17a and 17b which are modifications thereof. The knockout pins 17, 17a and 17b are a rear part 28 including a male screw part 27 screwed into the female screw part 23 of the nozzle member 18, and a workpiece contact end which is a tip part for extruding a processed workpiece from the main shaft. It has parts 19, 19a and 19b. Since the diameter of the workpiece contact end portion needs to be changed according to the diameter of the workpiece to be processed, the knockout pin has a relatively large diameter of, for example, φ6 mm or more, as shown in FIGS. For workpieces (Fig. 3 (b)), for example, for workpieces with a relatively small diameter of φ3 mm or less (Fig. 3 (c)), for example, for workpieces with an intermediate diameter of φ4 mm (Fig. 3 (a)) Multiple types are prepared. On the other hand, the diameter of the male threaded portion 27 of each knockout pin is the same, and therefore the same nozzle member can be used for any knockout pin.

  FIG. 4 is a view showing a state in which the nozzle member 18 and the knockout pin 17 are screwed together. When the knockout pin 17 is screwed and attached to the female screw portion 23, an ejection path communicating with the through hole 21 is formed by the groove 26 of the nozzle member 18 and the outer peripheral surface of the rear portion 28 of the knockout pin 17. The ejection path opens at the end surface 24 of the nozzle member 18 and forms an ejection port 31. Since the spout 31 is formed along the outer periphery of the knockout pin 17, the fluid supplied to the through hole 14 of the moving rod 16 passes through the through hole 21 and the groove 26 of the nozzle member 18 and is knocked out from the spout 31. It is ejected into the main shaft 3 while diffusing along the outer periphery of the pin 17. Therefore, fluid can be easily diffused and ejected without opening the jet outlet in a direction orthogonal to the main shaft or obliquely forward, and both the cleaning of the inner wall of the main shaft and the extrusion of cutting waste can be effectively performed. Can do. Since the three jet nozzles 31 are formed in the end surface 24 at equal intervals of 120 ° in the circumferential direction, the inner wall of the main shaft can be washed uniformly in the circumferential direction. By providing at least one jet port 31 (groove 26), the inner wall of the main shaft can be cleaned and cutting waste can be pushed out. However, by providing a plurality of jet ports 31, the cleaning and extrusion effects can be improved.

  A tapered portion 29 may be provided at the rear portion of the knockout pin as in the knockout pin 17 shown in FIG. 3A, while a tapered portion is provided at the rear portion as in the knockout pin 17a shown in FIG. It is good also as an end surface perpendicular | vertical to an axial direction without having. Since the fluid conditions such as the angle of ejection from the ejection port 31 can be changed depending on the presence or absence of the tapered portion and the taper angle, the presence or absence of the taper and the taper shape when using the taper are determined so as to obtain a desired ejection form. be able to.

  Further, depending on the combination of the taper shape and the shape of the nozzle member, and various conditions such as the physical properties and temperature of the fluid, the streamlines of the ejected fluid are once expanded in the radial direction as shown by the broken line 32 in FIG. It can also be converged again later. In particular, a streamlined shape such as the knockout pin 17a shown in FIG. 3 (b) that is tapered so that the diameter on the tip 19a side becomes large can be easily obtained as the streamline. When a smooth streamline is obtained, when the work is hollow, the fluid can be introduced into the hollow portion of the work while maintaining a high linear velocity after effectively cleaning the inside of the main shaft.

  In the workpiece extrusion apparatus according to the present invention, no fluid flows into any of the knockout pins 17, 17 a and 17 b which are extrusion members, so a flow path such as a through hole or a groove is formed in the knockout pin. There is no need. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the labor of processing a plurality of types of knockout pins prepared as described above, which is advantageous in terms of cost.

  According to the present invention, it is also possible to clean the inside of the chuck by moving the moving rod forward while cleaning the inner wall surface of the main shaft.

It is sectional drawing of the main axis | shaft of the lathe containing the workpiece | work extrusion apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the side surface and end surface of a nozzle member. (A) It is a figure which shows the extrusion member with which a nozzle member is mounted | worn, (b) It is a figure which shows the extrusion member used when extruding the workpiece | work larger diameter than the workpiece | work which the extrusion member of (a) extrudes. (C) It is a figure which shows the extrusion member used when extruding the workpiece | work smaller in diameter than the workpiece | work which the extrusion member of (a) extrudes. It is a figure which shows the state which screwed together the nozzle member and the extrusion member. It is sectional drawing of the main axis | shaft of the lathe containing the workpiece | work extrusion apparatus which concerns on a prior art example.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Lathe 2 Spindle table 3 Spindle 4 Collet chuck 6 Spindle 12 Work piece 13 Knockout stick 16 Moving rod 17, 17a, 17b Knockout pin 18 Nozzle member 26 Groove 31 Spout

Claims (2)

A hollow moving rod disposed in the main shaft for gripping the workpiece so as to be movable in the axial direction of the main shaft;
An extruding member detachably attached to the moving rod so as to protrude from one end surface of the moving rod;
A spout for ejecting the fluid introduced into the moving rod into the main shaft;
In a workpiece extrusion apparatus having
Formed on the end surface of the movable rod is a female screw portion to which the push-out member is screwed, and forms a groove in which a part of the female screw portion is cut out in the outer peripheral direction, and the groove is used as the end surface of the movable rod. The extrusion member is opened in the axial direction and extends in the axial direction so as to communicate with the hollow hole of the moving rod when the pushing member is attached to the female screw portion, and the ejection member is mounted on the groove and the moving rod. Work extrusion device that forms an outlet . A machine tool in which the workpiece pushing device according to claim 1 is housed in a spindle .

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