JP4995031B2 - Forging machine - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a forging machine that performs forging with a die and a punch, and more particularly to a fixing means and a position adjusting means for a punch on a reciprocating ram.

  In forging machines such as a forging machine, a workpiece having a predetermined shape is manufactured by forging a workpiece between a fixed die called a die and a movable die called a punch. A structure is generally adopted in which a die is replaceably mounted in a die mounting hole provided in a base, and a punch is replaceably mounted in a punch holder provided on a ram that reciprocates relative to the base. It has become. Also, in a multistage forging machine having a plurality of sets of dies and punches, a die block and a punch block are often provided so that the dies and punches can be exchanged outside the narrow machine and with good workability. . In other words, the die block is configured to be mounted on the base after mounting multiple dies outside the machine, and similarly the punch block is configured to be mounted on the ram after mounting multiple punches outside the machine. Has been. The dies and punches are exchanged at any time according to the shape of the product to be manufactured, and each time the exchange is performed, a centering adjustment for matching both axes and a stroke adjustment in the reciprocating direction are generally performed. In order to reduce the labor of these adjustment operations, the applicant of the present application discloses a technique of a position detection device and a press molding device in Patent Document 1. The press molding apparatus disclosed in Patent Document 1 detects a two-dimensional position or a three-dimensional position of a movable die (punch) by providing a movable base (ram) with a position detection device provided with a plurality of distance detection means on a base. It is what you do.

Further, in the centering adjustment and the stroke adjustment, the position of either the die or the punch is adjusted, but a position adjusting means for adjusting the position of the punch may be provided on the ram side. For example, a position adjusting member called a cotter is used as means for adjusting the stroke in the reciprocating direction. The cotter has an adjustment slope inclined with respect to the mounting direction of the punch, and adjusts the mounting position by changing the position of the adjustment slope when operated in a direction crossing the mounting direction. There are forging machines that manually operate this cotter, but in many cases, an NC operation mechanism (numerically controlled operation mechanism) combining a drive motor and a rotational displacement detection sensor is provided to save labor and automation.
Japanese Patent No. 3035175

  By the way, centering adjustment and stroke adjustment performed at the time of mounting a die and a punch require repeated and repeated procedures for position adjustment, mounting fixation, and position detection. Was needed. Even if the cotter can be adjusted by the NC operation mechanism and the position where the punch is mounted can be quantitatively detected by the position detection device of Patent Document 1, it is still necessary to repeat the operation, and the position adjustment work is complicated. Is left behind. In addition to the position adjustment, since the work of attaching and removing the die and punch is performed manually, it is desirable to save labor.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above background, and can automatically perform fixing work when a punch is mounted on a ram, and can easily adjust the position of the punch on the ram without requiring skill. A forging machine is provided.

A forging machine according to a first aspect of the present invention includes a base, a die attached to the base, a ram that reciprocates with respect to the base, and the die that is attached to and opposed to the ram. A forging machine comprising: a punch for forging processing; a position adjusting means mounted on the ram for adjusting a mounting position of the punch; and a control unit for controlling the position adjusting means . pressing means fixed to the mounting position by pressing the punch, and having a position detecting means for detecting the actual position of the punch is actually mounted, the control unit, an operation unit for operating the pressing means Yes, and to control said pressing means and said position adjusting means with reference to said detected actual position.
The forging machine according to the second aspect of the present invention includes a base, a die attached to the base, a ram that reciprocates with respect to the base, and the die that is attached to and faces the ram. In the forging machine, the ram is provided with a punch that performs forging processing as a pair, a position adjusting unit that is mounted on the ram and adjusts a mounting position of the punch, and a control unit that controls the position adjusting unit Has a pressing means for pressing the punch and fixing it to the mounting position, and the control section has an operation section for operating the pressing means, and the position adjusting means adjusts the mounting position of the ram. In doing so, the fixing of the punch by the pressing means is once released.
Furthermore, the first and second aspects described above can be combined.

  The present invention provides a pressing means for fixing a punch at a mounting position on a ram, and automates and saves the fixing work at the time of mounting, which has conventionally relied on manual operation, and also adjusts the mounting position and pressing means. Both of these are controlled by the control unit in a comprehensive and unified manner, so that the position adjustment, which has conventionally required skill and is complicated, is facilitated.

  The present invention can be applied to a forging machine including a base, a die, a ram, and a punch, and a position adjusting means for adjusting a mounting position of the punch on the ram and a control unit. The forging machine of the present invention is not limited in the number of processes for simultaneously forging, and includes a plurality of sets of dies and punches, and includes a transfer device that sequentially feeds a workpiece to the next process. It can be set as the multistage type forging machine which manufactures the forging product which consists of. Moreover, it can also be set as the compound forging machine which manufactures several products simultaneously. There is no restriction on the power source for reciprocating the ram, and a general electric or hydraulic power source can be used.

  The position adjusting means is mounted on the ram and is a means for adjusting the mounting position of the punch on the ram. The position adjusting means can be composed of, for example, a stroke adjusting means for adjusting the reciprocating direction of the ram and a centering adjusting means for adjusting the vertical and horizontal directions. The stroke adjusting means is a means for adjusting the punch and the die so as to form a predetermined distance when the ram moves forward and reaches the front dead center. The centering adjusting means is a means for adjusting the punch and the die so as to share the axis. At least one of the stroke adjusting means and the centering adjusting means can be configured to be operated by control from the control unit. The control unit can be configured to control the position adjusting means by, for example, a driving force of a driving motor instead of the conventional manual operation.

  Furthermore, in the present invention, pressing means for pressing the punch and fixing it to the mounting position is provided on the ram. And the operation part which operates a press means is provided in the control part which controls a position adjustment means. A press means and an operation part can be set as the aspect demonstrated below, for example.

  The ram has a punch holder that guides the punch to a mounting position along a predetermined mounting direction, and the punch has a pressed slope inclined with respect to the mounting direction on the rear side of the mounting direction, The pressing means may be a pressing member that is operated in a direction crossing the mounting direction and presses while sliding on the pressed slope, and the operation portion may be a hydraulic operation mechanism.

  A punch holder can be provided on the ram for guiding the mounting position while holding the punch. The punch holder can be configured using, for example, a cylindrical member, and one end can be used as an insertion port, and a mounting position can be formed on the other end side. The punch is inserted from the insertion port of the punch holder and guided to the mounting position through the inside of the cylindrical member, and the direction from the insertion port toward the mounting position is the mounting direction. The mounting direction can be matched to the reciprocating direction of the ram, but is not limited. Here, it is possible to provide a pressed slope that is inclined to the rear side in the punch mounting direction. Further, as the pressing means, a pressing member that is operated in a direction intersecting with the mounting direction and presses while sliding on the pressed slope can be provided. That is, the pressing member can move in the direction intersecting the punch, press while sliding on the pressed slope, and drive the punch in the mounting direction to fix the punch in the mounting position. The pressing force applied to the pressed slope can be considered separately in the mounting direction and the direction along the slope, and the force in the mounting direction contributes to driving and fixing of the punch. Furthermore, a hydraulic operation mechanism that can be controlled from the control unit can be provided as an operation unit that operates the pressing member. The area of the pressed slope and the size of the inclination angle and the power of the hydraulic operation mechanism can be appropriately designed in consideration of the operation force required for fixing the punch.

  Moreover, the cotter and pressure receiving liner which are demonstrated below can be provided as a stroke adjustment means among the position adjustment means. The position adjusting means has an adjustment slope inclined with respect to the mounting direction, and is disposed between the cotter operated in a direction crossing the mounting direction, the cotter and the punch, and And a pressure receiving liner that can be displaced in the mounting direction while being in sliding contact with the adjustment slope.

  In other words, when the cotter moves in a direction crossing the mounting direction, the position of the adjustment slope changes, and the pressure receiving liner slidingly contacting the adjustment slope is displaced in the mounting direction, and the mounting position defined by the pressure receiving liner is adjusted. You may comprise. Moreover, the movement of the cotter can be appropriately performed under the control of the control unit. In addition, it is natural that the pressure receiving liner is formed to have a strength capable of withstanding a reaction force at the time of forging as well as a pressing force at the time of position adjustment and mounting.

  The ram has position detecting means for detecting an actual position where the punch is actually mounted, and the control unit controls the position adjusting means and the pressing means while referring to the detected actual position. It may be.

  The position detection means detects the actual position where the punch is mounted by the pressing means. For example, the position detection device of Patent Document 1 can be used, and other types of detection means can also be used. Further, the control unit can be configured to control the position adjusting means and the pressing means while referring to the detected actual position. For example, when the actual position has shifted from a desired specified mounting position, the mounting position can be automatically adjusted by performing feedback control using the shift amount.

  On the other hand, when the position detection means is not used, the control unit adjusts the mounting position designated in advance and then mounts the punch, but it is necessary to confirm the actual mounted position by a human system. . If a shift has occurred, it is necessary to correct the mounting position, adjust it again, and redo the mounting operation. That is, the position detecting means is an effective means for automatically performing a repetitive operation necessary for adjusting the mounting position.

  It is preferable that the control unit temporarily releases the fixing of the punch by the pressing unit when adjusting the mounting position of the ram by the position adjusting unit.

  The control unit controls both the position adjusting means and the pressing means. Usually, after the position adjusting means is first controlled to determine the mounting position, the pressing means is controlled to fix the punch. However, it is not always possible to ensure a specified mounting position with a single operation, and it may be necessary to adjust the mounting position. When adjusting the mounting position in this way, it is preferable to temporarily release the fixing of the punch by the pressing means so that the pressing force does not act on the position adjusting means in order to increase the accuracy of the position adjustment. Further, in the aspect using the cotter as the position adjusting means, it is practically difficult to move the cotter in a state where the pressing force is applied.

  In the forging machine of the present invention configured as described above, since the punch fixing operation to the ram is automatically performed by the pressing means, the conventional manual operation force is unnecessary, and labor saving can be achieved. . In addition, since both the position adjusting unit and the pressing unit are controlled by the control unit, the complexity of the position adjusting operation is reduced, and the position adjusting operation can be automated in the aspect including the position detecting unit. .

  The present invention can be applied to forging machines having various structures, and the best mode will be described with reference to FIG. 1 showing a forging machine as an example of a forging machine. FIG. 1 is a side sectional view for explaining a forging machine 1 for producing bolts, rivets and the like in an embodiment of the present invention. The forging machine 1 according to the embodiment includes a base (not shown), a die 2, a ram body 3, a punch block 4 having a punch holder 41, a punch 5, a pressing member 6, a hydraulic operation mechanism 7, a stroke adjusting unit 8, and a control unit 9. , Is composed of.

  A base (not shown) is a frame that defines the overall shape of the forging machine 1 and holds each part. A die block having a plurality of die mounting holes 21 is mounted on the base, and the dice 2 is inserted into each die mounting hole 21 from the left side in the drawing. The ram body 3 is formed by combining a plurality of structural materials, and is configured to reciprocate left and right in the drawing relative to the base. A punch block 4 is provided on the right side of the ram body 3 in the drawing. The punch block 4 is extended and mounted in the ram main body 3 by a hook-shaped suspending portion 45 that extends in the front and back direction of the drawing and protrudes from the top to the left in the drawing. The punch block 4 is provided with a plurality of punch holders 41 arranged on the right side in the drawing in the direction of the paper surface. Each punch holder 41 has a mounting hole, and the right side in the drawing is an insertion port, and the left side in the drawing The direction to go is the mounting direction. Further, an upper / lower adjustment part 46 and a left / right adjustment part 47 are provided on the upper part of each punch holder 41 so that the position of the punch holder 41 on the punch block 4 can be adjusted. Then, the misalignment can be adjusted so that the punch 5 and the die 2 share the axis AX by adjusting the front and back direction of the paper.

  The punch 5 has a substantially cylindrical shape, and a die portion for forging is formed on the right side of the shaft core AX. Further, the punch 5 is attached to the mounting hole of the punch holder 41 from the insertion port on the right side toward the left side. Inserted and installed. A plurality of dies 2 and punches 5 that face each other form a pair and perform forging. A hole 51 is provided on the upper side of the punch 5, and the drop-off prevention bolt 48 is tightened from the punch holder 41 side to prevent the drop-off. Furthermore, a wedge-shaped pressing hole 52 is formed at a depth from the substantially lower center of the punch 5 to the middle of the axis AX. The right bottom surface of the pressing hole 52 in the drawing is a gentle slope 53 that is gently inclined with respect to the axial direction, and the left bottom surface is a pressed slope 54 that is steeply inclined.

  The pressing member 6 is provided below each punch 5 held by each punch holder 4. The pressing member 6 is housed in a cylinder 49 formed in the punch holder 4 and is held so as to be movable up and down, and an upper portion thereof is formed so as to be fitted in the pressing hole 52. That is, the upper part of the pressing member 6 protrudes in a triangular shape as shown in the figure, the upper left inclined slope 62 in the figure slides and presses against the depressed inclined face 54, and the upper right side against the gentle inclined face 53. It is formed so as to have a gap.

  The hydraulic operation mechanism 7 is a part that operates the pressing member 6 up and down, and includes a hydraulic pipe 71, a hydraulic hose 72, and a hydraulic pressure generator 73. The hydraulic piping 71 is formed in each punch holder 4 and communicates with the lower side of the pressing member 6 of the cylinder 49. One end of the hydraulic hose 72 is connected to the hydraulic pipe 71 by a hydraulic coupler, and the other end communicates with the hydraulic pressure generator 73. When the hydraulic pressure generating unit 73 is pressurized, the cylinder 49 is pressurized and the pressing member 6 is raised. When the hydraulic pressure generating unit 73 is decompressed, the cylinder 49 is decompressed and the pressing member 6 is lowered. It is supposed to be.

  On the other hand, the stroke adjusting unit 8 includes a cotter 81, a cotter operating unit 84, and three pressure receiving liners 85 to 87. The cotter 81 is provided in the ram body 3 so as to be movable up and down, and the right surface in the figure is an inclined slope 82 for adjustment. An upper end 83 of the cotter 81 protrudes upward through the ram body 3. The cotter operation section 84 is disposed on the upper side of the ram body section 3 and is provided so as to be screwed around the upper end 83 of the cotter 81. When the cotter operation unit 84 is rotated, the cotter 81 is moved up and down by screwing. Further, three pressure receiving liners 85 to 87 are disposed between the adjusting slope 82 of the cotter 81 and the right punch 5 in the drawing so as to be displaceable to the left and right in the drawing. That is, the three pressure receiving liners 85 to 87 are held by the ram body 3, the punch block 4, and the punch holder 41 around the common axis AX. The left end surface of the pressure receiving liner 85 on the left side in the drawing is an inclined surface so as to be in sliding contact with the adjustment inclined surface 82 of the cotter 81. As the cotter 81 moves up and down, the adjustment slope 82 moves to the left and right, and the three pressure receiving liners 85 to 87 are displaced to the left and right in the figure following this. In addition, it is natural that the pressure receiving liners 85 to 87 are formed so as to have not only the pressing force at the time of mounting but also the reaction force at the time of forging.

  The control unit 9 controls the hydraulic pressure generating unit 73 and the cotter operation unit 84. The control unit 9 is composed of a general-purpose electronic control device with a built-in microcomputer and provided with an input / output unit, a display unit, and the like. Although detailed description of the configuration is omitted, the operations described below are realized by software. ing.

  Next, procedures and operations for mounting, fixing, and position adjustment of the punch 5 in the forging machine 1 according to the embodiment will be described.

  First, the work performed by removing the punch block 4 from the ram body 3 and performing outside the forging machine 1 will be described. When removing the punch block 4, the pressing member 6 is lowered, and the hydraulic hose 72 is separated from the hydraulic pipe 71 by a hydraulic coupler. The punch holder 41 and the two pressure receiving liners 86 and 87 are also removed together. Then, the retaining bolt 48 is loosened outside the machine, the old punch 5 is removed from the mounting hole, and a new punch 5 is inserted instead. At this time, the retaining bolt 48 is tightened again, but there is no action to fix the punch 5 in the mounting position, and it plays the role of preventing the dropout.

  Next, the hanging part 45 of the punch block 4 is mounted on the ram body part 3 while being hung. After mounting, the hydraulic pipe 71 and the hydraulic hose 72 are connected with a hydraulic coupler. Then, the vertical adjustment unit 46 and the left / right adjustment unit 47 are manually operated to adjust the misalignment so that the punch 5 and the die 2 share the axis AX.

  Next, the stroke position is adjusted under the control of the control unit 9. That is, by setting a predetermined position in the control unit 9, the control unit 9 controls and operates the cotter adjustment unit 84. By the operation, the cotter 81 moves up and down, and the position of the adjustment slope 82 on the ram body 3 is determined. Next, the control unit 9 pressurizes the hydraulic pressure generating unit 73 to operate the pressing member 6 upward. The pressing member 6 moves upward, and the pressing inclined surface 62 slides and presses against the pressed inclined surface 54 of the punch 5. Then, a force in the mounting direction of the pressing force acts, and the punch 5 is inserted in the mounting direction facing left in the drawing. The punch 5 abuts against the pressure receiving liner 87 on the right side in the figure, and the pressing force propagates through the three pressure receiving liners 87, 86, 85 in order, and the pressure receiving liner 85 on the left side in the figure adjusts the cotter 81. It abuts on the slope 82 for use. Then, the three pressure receiving liners 85 to 87 and the punch 5 are fixed, and the initial mounting operation is completed for the time being.

  Next, the stroke distance between the punch 5 and the die 2 is checked. Usually, the forging machine 1 is operated to make a prototype, and the finished dimensions of the prototype are confirmed. When the position needs to be readjusted, the position is set again in the control unit 9. The controller 9 operates the oil pressure generator 73 to depressurize and once lowers the pressing member 6 to release the pressing force applied to the punch 5, and then controls and operates the cotter operating unit 84. The position of the adjustment slope 82 of the cotter 81 is readjusted, and thereafter, the hydraulic pressure generator 73 is pressed again to fix the punch 5. This procedure of position adjustment, mounting fixation, and trial dimension confirmation is repeated until a desired finished dimension is obtained, and punch position adjustment and mounting work are completed.

  Although the stroke adjustment can be performed prior to the misalignment adjustment, it is preferable to finally confirm the finished dimensions by trial manufacture. In the present embodiment, no position detecting means is provided, but by detecting the actual position of the punch with the position detecting means, it is possible to replace the procedure for confirming the prototype dimensions. Then, the control unit 9 can automatically and repeatedly control the cotter operation unit 84 and the hydraulic pressure generation unit 73. Even in the case where the position detecting means is provided, it is preferable to finally confirm the finished dimensions by trial manufacture.

  In the forging machine according to the embodiment, the punch 5 is fixed by the pressing member 6 and the hydraulic operation mechanism 7, so that manual operation is not required manually and labor saving is achieved. Further, since the control unit 9 controls the cotter operation unit 84 and the hydraulic pressure generation unit 73, a series of adjustment work procedures are facilitated, and high skill is not required.

It is side surface sectional drawing explaining the forging machine of the Example of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

1: Forging machine (example of forging machine)
2: Die 21: Die mounting hole 3: Ram body 4: Punch block
41: Punch holder 45: Hanging part 46: Vertical adjustment part
47: Left and right adjustment section 48: Retaining bolt 49: Cylinder 5: Punch
51: Hole 52: Pressing hole 54: Pressed slope 6: Pressing member 62: Pressing slope 7: Hydraulic operation mechanism
71: Hydraulic piping 72: Hydraulic hose 73: Hydraulic pressure generating part 8: Stroke adjusting part
81: cotter 82: slope for adjustment 84: cotter operation section
85 to 87: pressure receiving liner 9: control unit AX: shaft core

Claims (5)

A base, a die mounted on the base, a ram that reciprocates with respect to the base, a punch that performs forging work in combination with the die mounted on the ram and facing the ram, and the ram In a forging machine comprising: a position adjusting unit that adjusts the mounting position of the punch mounted on the control unit; and a control unit that controls the position adjusting unit.
The ram has a position detecting means for detecting said pressing means for securing the mounting position and the actual position where the punch is actually mounted by pressing the punch,
Wherein the control unit is configured to have the operating unit for operating the pressing means, forging machine for controlling said pressing means and said position adjusting means with reference to said detected actual position. A base, a die mounted on the base, a ram that reciprocates with respect to the base, a punch that performs forging work in combination with the die mounted on the ram and facing the ram, and the ram In a forging machine comprising: a position adjusting unit that adjusts the mounting position of the punch mounted on the control unit; and a control unit that controls the position adjusting unit.
The ram has a pressing means fixed to the mounting position by pressing the punch,
The said control part has an operation part which operates the said press means, and when adjusting the said mounting position of the said ram by the said position adjustment means, the forging machine which once cancels | releases fixation of the said punch by the said press means . A base, a die mounted on the base, a ram that reciprocates with respect to the base, a punch that performs forging work in combination with the die mounted on the ram and facing the ram, and the ram In a forging machine comprising: a position adjusting unit that adjusts the mounting position of the punch mounted on the control unit; and a control unit that controls the position adjusting unit.
  The ram has pressing means for pressing the punch and fixing it to the mounting position, and position detection means for detecting an actual position where the punch is actually mounted,
  The control unit includes an operation unit that operates the pressing unit, controls the position adjusting unit and the pressing unit while referring to the detected actual position, and further, the position adjusting unit controls the position of the ram. A forging machine that once releases the fixing of the punch by the pressing means when adjusting the mounting position. The ram has a punch holder that guides the punch to a mounting position along a predetermined mounting direction, and the punch has a pressed slope inclined with respect to the mounting direction on the rear side of the mounting direction, The pressing means is a pressing member that is operated in a direction crossing the mounting direction and presses while sliding on the pressed slope, and the operation portion is a hydraulic operation mechanism . The forging machine according to one item . The position adjusting means has an adjustment slope inclined with respect to the mounting direction, and is disposed between the cotter operated in a direction crossing the mounting direction, the cotter and the punch, and The forging machine according to claim 4 , further comprising: a pressure receiving liner that can be displaced in the mounting direction while being in sliding contact with the adjustment slope.

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