JP4969841B2 - Infrared shielding fuming composition - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an infrared shielding smoke generating composition that generates smoke that is opaque in the infrared wavelength region and enables shielding in the infrared wavelength region.
Specifically, the infrared shielding and smoking composition according to the present invention is used for camouflage that is escaped from detection of infrared rays emitted from an object for a predetermined time, or smoke protected objects in areas such as financial facilities and objects. This is used to prevent intruders from seeing through infrared rays when protecting with.

Conventionally, in the infrared wavelength region shielding, there is a technique for oxidizing red phosphorus (burning) and making infrared absorption effective by phosphoric acid generated at that time. Moreover, since red phosphorus is inexpensive, it is known that it is used as a main ingredient of an infrared shielding smoke composition.
For example, a smoke generating component composed of red phosphorus, iron oxide, aluminum powder and magnesium powder as a smoke generating agent, and in addition to this, butadiene rubber or the like is used as a binder to form a compression molded body (for example, Patent Document 1).
Japanese Patent Publication No. 60-42194 (page 2, page 3, page 4 example 3)

The binder is essentially unnecessary in order to efficiently generate smoke by the reaction of red phosphorus and the exothermic agent, but is added as a role for maintaining the shape of the compression molded body. However, when a binder is added, there is a problem that the reaction temperature between red phosphorus and the exothermic agent is lowered, and conversely, the production of phosphoric acid is inhibited.
The principle of the infrared shielding effect obtained by burning the infrared shielding smoke composition is three factors: infrared scattering, absorption, and radiation.

Scattering is effective for visible light having a short wavelength because it scatters light having a wavelength equivalent to the smoke particle diameter. However, for infrared rays having a long wavelength, it is necessary to increase the smoke particle diameter. However, since it is difficult to float a substance having a large particle size in the atmosphere for a certain period of time, there is a problem that the scattering effect is small (from Mie theory).
Radiation has a shielding effect due to the generation of heat of reaction and heat of hydration associated with combustion of the infrared shielding fuming composition. However, since the heat of reaction and the heat of hydration gradually decrease after the reaction, there is a problem in that the persistence of shielding is lost.

Therefore, when examining the absorption, it was found that when the smoke generating composition burns, a large amount of a substance having a large infrared absorption rate is generated, thereby absorbing and shielding infrared rays generated from the object.
The present inventor noticed that absorption is the largest effective factor among the three factors of scattering, absorption, and radiation, and in the infrared shielding smoke generation composition using red phosphorus as the main component of the smoke generating agent, To obtain an infrared shielding fuming composition that improves infrared absorption efficiency and has a significantly high shielding effect not only in the visible wavelength range but also in the infrared wavelength range, and particularly in the infrared transmission range of 8 to 12 μm. And a technology that can achieve infrared shielding and smoke generation performance without lowering the reaction temperature between red phosphorus and the heat generating agent while maintaining the shape and molding strength of the compression molded body. It came to be completed.

  The object of the present invention has been made based on the knowledge of the present inventor, and provides an infrared shielding smoke generating composition that generates opaque smoke in the infrared wavelength region and enables shielding in the infrared wavelength region. There is to do.

In order to achieve the above object, specifically, a composition satisfying the following points is preferable.
(1) A composition having a higher smoke concentration of phosphoric acid, which is a cause of infrared shielding.
(2) A composition having a wide control range of breaking strength and burning rate while maintaining infrared shielding performance.
(A composition that can be used for various product applications by changing the compounding ratio without changing the ingredients)
Therefore, the infrared shielding smoke composition according to the present invention has red phosphorus, an oxidizing agent selected from nitrate, sulfate, persulfate or oxide, metal powder, energy binder, and polyalkylene glycol. It is characterized by.

When this red phosphorus burns, it generates phosphoric acid which is a factor of infrared shielding, and the oxidizing agent and the metal powder supply combustion heat for burning red phosphorus.
Since the energy binder is a combustor and binder and reacts exothermically during combustion, it can increase the smoke concentration of phosphoric acid by supplementing the heat of combustion necessary for the production of phosphoric acid. Has the ability to increase The energy binder is selected from, for example, GAP (Glycidyl azide polymer), BAMMO (3,3-bis (azidomethylo) methyloxetane), and AMMO (3-azidometyl-3-methyloxetane).

  Polyalkylene glycol is a binder containing a hydroxyl group, and generates moisture at the time of combustion. Therefore, by supplementing moisture necessary for generating phosphoric acid, the smoke concentration of phosphoric acid can be increased, and when molded, Has the ability to increase the breaking strength. Examples of the polyalkylene glycol include polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polybutylene glycol and the like.

  Oxidizing agents include nitrates such as potassium nitrate, barium nitrate and sodium nitrate, sulfates include potassium sulfate, barium sulfate, sodium sulfate, potassium alum and ammonium alum, and persulfates such as potassium peroxodisulfate, Examples thereof include barium peroxodisulfate and sodium peroxodisulfate. Examples of oxides include manganese dioxide, ferric oxide, and silicon dioxide.

Examples of the metal powder include magnesium, aluminum, and silicon.
Another infrared shielding smoke composition according to the present invention comprises red phosphorus, an oxidizing agent selected from nitrate, sulfate, persulfate or oxide, metal powder, an energy binder, and fluororubber. Features.
For example, Viton A (registered trademark of DuPont Performance Elastomer Co., Ltd.) is known as a fluoro rubber. Viton A is a fluorinated hydrocarbon polymer containing 66% of VF ₂ (vinylidene fluoride) and HFP (hexafluoropropylene). Since it generates a large amount of heat during combustion, it supplements the heat of combustion necessary for the production of phosphoric acid. By doing so, the smoke concentration of phosphoric acid can be increased, and the combustion speed is increased. Moreover, when it shape | molds, it has the performance which fracture strength becomes high.

According to the infrared shielding smoke composition according to the present invention, instead of using a conventional binder as a binder, by using a binder containing a large amount of an energy binder and a hydroxyl group, the smoke concentration of phosphoric acid (infrared absorption) is high, The shielding effect (infrared absorption) can be remarkably improved not only in the visible light wavelength range but also in the infrared wavelength range.
In addition, according to the infrared shielding smoke composition according to the present invention, the shielding effect appears remarkably in the far infrared wavelength region of 3 to 5 μm, particularly 8 to 12 μm.

  Further, according to the infrared shielding smoke composition according to the present invention, the mixing ratio of two types of binders having different breaking strength characteristics and burning rate characteristics can be maintained while maintaining a high shielding effect in the visible light wavelength region and the infrared wavelength region. By varying it, it is possible to increase variations in the fracture strength and burning rate of the composition itself.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to embodiments.
In the infrared shielding smoke composition, red phosphorus is vaporized by the reaction heat of oxidizer, metal, and nonmetal.
4P (red phosphorus) + combustion heat → P ₄ (g) (Formula 1)
Reacts with atmospheric oxygen to produce phosphorus pentoxide.

P ₄ (g) + 5O ₂ → 2P ₂ O ₅ + heat (Formula 2)
Phosphorus pentoxide reacts with moisture in the atmosphere to produce phosphoric acid.
P ₂ O ₅ + 3H ₂ O → 2H ₃ PO ₄ + heat (Formula 3)
This phosphoric acid (hydrate) has a property of absorbing infrared rays, and its infrared absorption characteristics substantially coincide with the waveform shown in the infrared absorption spectrum by the phosphoric acid spectrum reference sheet shown in FIG.

Moreover, it turns out that an infrared absorption characteristic is especially good in a 8-12 micrometer band here.
It is ideal to realize the above reaction 100%. However, if the content of red phosphorus is increased, the heat of combustion due to the reaction of the oxidizing agent, metal, and nonmetal to vaporize red phosphorus of Formula 1 is increased. Insufficient, resulting in unreacted red phosphorus.
Moreover, since Formula 3 is influenced by the weather condition of the water | moisture content in air | atmosphere, if there is little water | moisture content in air | atmosphere, the density | concentration of phosphoric acid smoke will reduce.

Therefore, the present inventor paid attention to the binder as a component that efficiently vaporizes red phosphorus and maintains molding strength.
Conventionally used binders such as butadiene exhibit an endothermic reaction when combusted, and thus take away the heat of combustion shown in Formula 1 necessary for vaporizing red phosphorus.
For this reason, the present inventor decided to use a combustor and binder called an energy binder. Since this energy binder exhibits an exothermic reaction when combusted unlike a binder generally used in the past, it can supplement the combustion heat shown in Formula 1 necessary for vaporizing red phosphorus. Therefore, red phosphorus can be completely vaporized without reducing the content of the main component red phosphorus or increasing the oxidizing agent, metal, or the like.

Furthermore, in order to efficiently generate phosphoric acid from phosphorus pentoxide represented by Formula 3, attention was paid to supplementing moisture in the atmosphere, and intensive research was conducted on components that generate moisture during combustion. As a result, it was found that by using polyalkylene glycol containing a large amount of hydroxyl groups (—OH groups), moisture (H ₂ O) was generated at the time of decomposition, and moisture necessary for the reaction of Formula 3 could be supplemented.
Moreover, in order to show an endothermic reaction when burning, Viton, which exhibits an exothermic reaction when burning, is used as a binder to supplement the combustion heat shown in Formula 1 necessary for vaporizing red phosphorus, unlike a binder that has been conventionally used. By using A, it is possible to supplement the combustion heat shown in Formula 1 necessary for vaporizing red phosphorus. Therefore, it can be completely vaporized without reducing the content of red phosphorus as the main agent or increasing the oxidizing agent, metal, or the like.

Therefore, the present inventor has developed an infrared shielding smoke composition comprising red phosphorus as a main component, nitrate, sulfate, persulfate or oxide as an oxidizing agent, metal powder as a combustible agent, an energy binder and a polyalkylene glycol as a binder. I found something.
At the same time, the present inventor has developed an infrared shielding smoke composition comprising red phosphorus as a main component, nitrate, sulfate, persulfate or oxide as an oxidizing agent, metal powder as a combustible agent, an energy binder and Viton A as a binder. I found out.

A feature common to the three binders is that the infrared shielding performance is significantly improved as compared with the conventional one. The reason seems to be that the reaction for producing phosphoric acid from red phosphorus shown in Formulas 1 to 3 proceeds more efficiently than the conventional binder.
Moreover, regarding the burning speed and fracture strength which are additional performances, the following conflicting characteristics are shown.

Since the energy binder is a combustor and binder, the combustion rate is relatively large, and the fracture strength when molded tends to be relatively small.
In contrast, polyalkylene glycol, which is a binder containing a large amount of hydroxyl groups, has a relatively low burning rate and tends to have a relatively high breaking strength when molded.
A major feature of the present invention is that the combination of an energy binder and a polyalkylene glycol or a combination of an energy binder and Viton A is mixed with the binder, so that the infrared shielding performance is improved as compared with the prior art. That is, the molding strength can be maintained.

In addition, since the two sets of binders have properties that are contradictory to the breaking strength and the burning rate, a fuming composition having a wide range of breaking strength and burning rate characteristics can be realized by mixing.
Usually, the breaking strength and the burning rate can be adjusted by increasing / decreasing the content of the binder and increasing / decreasing the content of the oxidizing agent, metal, etc., but the control range is limited by the components in the composition.
However, by utilizing the contradictory properties of the two types of binders having high infrared shielding performance, by adjusting the blending ratio of the binder in the composition, the infrared shielding performance is improved and the breaking strength and the burning rate are improved. A wide control range can be secured.

With this wide control range, various product requirements can be met.
For example, when releasing to a distant place, it is achieved by making a molded product of an infrared shielding composition that can withstand the release pressure by increasing the breaking strength. In the case of forming, it is achieved by forming a molded product of an infrared shielding composition having a low breaking strength.

  In addition, when a long smoke screen is maintained, it is achieved by forming a molded product of an infrared shielding composition with a low combustion rate. Conversely, when a short smoke screen is sufficient, an infrared shielding composition with a high combustion rate is achieved. This is achieved by forming a molded product.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to examples.
Table 1 shows the breaking strength, burning rate, infrared transmittance, and smoke generation density of Examples 1 to 23. Here, the test was repeated five times for one example, and the average value of the results was extracted.
(Main agent)
As shown in Table 1, 65% of red phosphorus (RP) was used as the main agent (smoke generating agent) used in Examples 1 to 23.

(Binder)
For the two binders used in Examples 1 to 23, GAP (glycidyl azide polymer) was used as an energy binder. This GAP contains a little curing agent. For example, GAP itself: Curing agent = 87%: 13%.
Moreover, as polyalkylene glycol which is a binder containing many hydroxyl groups used in Examples 1 to 15, for example, PEG (polyethylene glycol) containing about 10% polypropylene glycol in polyethylene glycol distributed in the market is used. Using. Its molecular weight was 4000. Since this PEG is a polymer binder, it has various molecular weight forms, and the melting point increases as the molecular weight increases. However, the performance of the infrared shielding smoke generating composition is not affected by the difference in molecular weight.

Here, the one having a molecular weight of 4000 was used because the melting point was about 60 ° C. and the state did not change under atmospheric conditions.
In Table 1, the numbers in parentheses between GAP and PEG indicate the ratio ratio of GAP to PEG.
Viton A used in Examples 16 to 23 has a fluorine content of 66%, and is a polymer of vinylidene fluoride: vinylidene fluoride (CH ₂ = CF ₂ ) and hexafluoropropylene: hexafluoropropylene (CF ₂ = CFCF). It is.

(Oxidant)
The oxidizing agent used in Examples 1 to 23 is potassium peroxodisulfate (K ₂ S ₂ O ₈ ). The reason is the advantage that it is not classified as explosives because of its high fuel speed.
In addition, in Table 1, it fixes and shows to oxidizing agent: flammable agent = 75: 25.
(Metal powder)
The combustible used in Examples 1 to 23 is magnesium (Mg) powder.

(Manufacture of infrared shielding smoke composition)
The infrared shielding smoke generating compositions of Examples 1 to 15 were prepared as follows.
GAP and PEG are dissolved in acetone, and red phosphorus as a smoke generating agent, potassium peroxodisulfate as an oxidizing agent, and magnesium powder as a metal powder are sequentially added to this solution and stirred until a uniform composition is obtained. To produce a paste of the mixture. Continue stirring until the paste mixture is dry. And it was set as the powder.

Next, the powder of the stirred mixture was put into a metal mold and pressed using a press at a pressure of about 120 MPa to produce a cylindrical pellet having a dosage of 1.5 g and a diameter of 10 mm.
The infrared shielding smoke generating compositions of Examples 16 to 23 were prepared as follows.
GAP and Viton A are dissolved in acetone, and red phosphorus as a smoke generating agent, dipotassium peroxoate as an oxidizing agent, and magnesium powder as a metal powder are sequentially added to this solution until a uniform composition is obtained. Stir to produce a paste of the mixture. Continue stirring until the paste mixture is dry. And it was set as the powder.

Next, the powder of the stirred mixture was put into a metal mold and pressed using a press at a pressure of about 120 MPa to produce a cylindrical pellet having a dosage of 1.5 g and a diameter of 10 mm.
The cylindrical pellets used as examples herein do not encompass or cover various types of forms that can be produced according to the present invention, and can take any form according to the purpose.
In Examples 16 and 20, Viton A is not used.

(Test method)
In order to obtain infrared transmittance, burning rate, and breaking strength using the infrared shielding smoke generating compositions of Examples 1 to 23, the following test methods were performed.
As shown in FIG. 2, the infrared transmittance is in the range of 8 to 12 μm from the result (2 to 14 μm) of burning the sample (smoke agent pellet) in the combustion chamber and measuring the infrared absorption spectrum of the smoked material. The transmittance (%) was calculated.

The combustion chamber has a sealed structure with a volume of 1 m ³ (1 m × 1 m × 1 m), and a stirring fan is attached to the inside of the combustion chamber in order to keep the concentration of fuming substances in the combustion chamber uniform.
The ignition method applied a constant voltage to the nichrome wire to heat and ignite the smoke pellets.
As shown in FIG. 2, the infrared absorption spectrum measurement apparatus uses an infrared (IR) spectrum analyzer and a black body furnace (heat source), and the chamber measurement window material has a constant transmittance in the measurement wavelength region. ZnSe (zinc selenide) having the following properties was used, and the measurement distance (smoke width) was 1 m.

The infrared absorption spectrum is calculated by measuring the radiant intensity (I0) from a heat source before combustion (in the absence of smoke substance), and further measuring the radiant intensity (I1) after combustion, and the intensity ratio before and after the combustion. Calculated from (I1 / I0).
In this example, the infrared shielding performance was shown by using infrared transmittance (%) and smoke concentration C (g / m ³ ).

Here, as the infrared transmittance (%), a value obtained by averaging the infrared absorption spectrum (I1 / I0) in the wavelength region of 8 to 12 μm from the measurement result of the infrared absorption spectrum was used.
The smoke concentration C (g / m ³ ) was calculated from the infrared transmittance (%) and the measurement distance L (m) according to the Lambert-Beer rule of the following equation representing light attenuation.
(Infrared transmittance) = exp (−α · C · L) × 100
Here, exp represents an exponential function, and the absorption coefficient α is a substance eigenvalue. Since the smoke generating material is mainly phosphoric acid, it becomes a constant in the example compositions.

That is, the higher the smoke concentration generated from a sample (smoke agent pellet) with a fixed dose, the more efficiently phosphoric acid is generated from red phosphorus, and the composition has a lower infrared transmittance.
The burning rate was measured simultaneously when the infrared absorption spectrum was measured in the combustion chamber.
The combustion speed is calculated from the ratio (L / t) of the combustion time (t) at a constant distance (L).

For the measurement of the combustion time, as shown in FIG. 3, a sample having a certain length (distance) was burned, and the combustion start and end times were obtained from the temperature change of the thermocouple with a digital analyzer. The numerical value (data) in the examples is the combustion rate under atmospheric pressure. Here, the burning rate was calculated as (total length of sample) / burning time.
As shown in FIG. 4, the fracture strength is determined by setting a sample on a tensile and compression tester, applying a compressive load to the sample, and the ratio of the fracture load (F) per load cross-sectional area (A) (F / A).

(Examples 1 to 5) First group 65% red phosphorus (RP), 22.5% potassium peroxodisulfate (K ₂ S ₂ O ₈ ), 7.5% magnesium (Mg) and a total amount of binder 5 % Was blended into components and molded into cylindrical pellets.
At that time, as shown in Table 1, the ratio of GAP and PEG in the total amount of the binder was adjusted to 5 levels.

(Examples 6 to 10) Second group Red phosphorus (RP) 65%, potassium peroxodisulfate (K ₂ S ₂ O ₈ ) 20.625%, magnesium (Mg) 6.875% and total amount of binder 7 .5% of the ingredients were mixed and molded into a cylindrical pellet.
At that time, as shown in Table 1, the ratio of GAP and PEG in the total amount of the binder was adjusted to 5 levels.

(Examples 11 to 15) Third group 65% red phosphorus (RP), 18.750% potassium peroxodisulfate (K ₂ S ₂ O ₈ ), 6.250% magnesium (Mg), and 10 total binder % Was blended into components and molded into cylindrical pellets.
At that time, as shown in Table 1, the ratio of GAP and PEG in the total amount of the binder was adjusted to 5 levels.

(Example 16 to Example 19) Fourth group 65% red phosphorus, 24.0% dipotassium peroxoacid, 8.0% magnesium and 3% total binder were blended into components and molded into cylindrical pellets.
At that time, as shown in Table 1, the ratio of GAP and Viton A in the total amount of the binder was adjusted to 2 levels.

(Examples 20 to 23) Group 5 Red phosphorus 65%, dipotassium peroxoacid 24.0%, magnesium 6.0% and a total amount of binder 11% were blended into components and molded into a cylindrical pellet.
At that time, as shown in Table 1, the ratio of GAP and Viton A in the total amount of the binder was adjusted to 2 levels.

(Comparative example)
Cylindrical pellets were prepared by blending 60% red phosphorus, 23% cesium nitrate, 5% magnesium, 7% zirconium / nickel and 5% polybutadiene as a binder.

(result)
Infrared shielding fuming composition to which only GAP is added (hereinafter referred to as GAP single system) is an infrared shielding fuming composition or GAP in which the burning rate is a mixture of GAP and PEG in each group (first to fifth). In addition, it is faster than the infrared shielding smoke composition containing Viton A (hereinafter referred to as a mixture system), but shows a small breaking strength. Infrared transmittance and smoke concentration are equivalent to those of the mixture system.

In addition, the infrared shielding smoke composition containing only PEG (hereinafter referred to as PEG single system) is stronger in each group (first to third) than the mixture system, but has a lower burning rate. Is shown. Infrared transmittance and smoke concentration are equivalent to those of the mixture system.
Infrared shielding smoke composition containing only Viton A (hereinafter referred to as Viton A single system) has a higher breaking strength than a mixture system in each group (fourth to fifth), but a lower burning rate. Is shown. Infrared transmittance and smoke concentration are equivalent to those of the mixture system.

In addition, the mixture system is an infrared shield for a wide range of applications while changing the mixing ratio of GAP and PEG or Viton A in each group (first to fifth) while balancing the breaking strength and the burning rate. It shows that it is possible to obtain a fuming composition. Good values are also shown for infrared transmittance and smoke concentration.
FIG. 5 is a graph showing a fracture strength curve and a burning rate curve in the composition range of the binder. The inventor plots the data of Examples 1 to 15 on a graph, obtains an approximate curve in order to predict the numerical value of an unmeasured test with a large number of tests, and the relationship between the approximate curves (in this case) The total amount of binder was 5%, 7.5%, 10%) to 5% to 10%, and the graph curve shown in FIG. 5 was obtained.

The horizontal axis of the graph shown in FIG. 5 shows the proportion of the binder in the infrared shielding smoke composition. The binder here is a combination of two binders GAP and PEG.
Moreover, the vertical axis | shaft of the graph shown in FIG. 5 has shown the internal ratio which two binder GAP and PEG occupy in the binder of an infrared shielding smoke generation composition. Since the binder is a combination of GAP and PEG, the sum of the internal percentages of GAP and PEG is 100%.

In the fracture strength curve and the burning rate curve of this graph curve, the total amount of the binder is 3% to 12%, and the internal ratio of the GAP and PEG is GAP: PEG = 0% to 100%: 100% to 0%.
The reason why the total amount of the binder is 3% to 12% is that if it is less than 3%, the moldability is poor and it is easily broken during production (for example, 1.0 N / mm ² or less), and if it exceeds 12%, This is because the risk of disappearing when burning is increased.

About the internal division of GAP and PEG, the scale line was provided for every 5% in 0-100%. The reason is to obtain a performance range of the mixture system.
And here, it was possible to show the characteristics of fracture strength and burning rate in the binder composition range.
An example is shown in FIG. For example, the point of the composition in which the total amount of the binder is 5% and the internal ratio of the GAP and PEG is 50%: 50% (in this case, 65% red phosphorus, 30% potassium peroxodisulfate and magnesium) is indicated by ●. It is. Here, the fracture strength is in the vicinity of 1.6 N / mm ² and 1.8 N / mm ² , and the combustion speed is in the vicinity of 0.26 mm / sec and 0.28 mm / sec. In addition, the point of the composition in which the total amount of the binder is 8% and the internal ratio of the GAP and PEG is 20%: 80% (in this case, 65% red phosphorus, 27% potassium peroxodisulfate and magnesium) is indicated by ○. It is. Here, the fracture strength is around 3.6 N / mm ² and 3.8 N / mm ² , and the combustion speed is around 0.10 mm / sec and 0.12 mm / sec.

When the total amount of the binder is 5% and the GAP is 100%, the fracture strength is around 0.9 N / mm ² and the combustion speed is around 0.4 mm / sec. When the total amount of the binder is 5% and the internal ratio of PEG is 100%, the fracture strength is around 4 N / mm ² and the combustion speed is around 0.18 mm / sec.
Next, the intensity curve will be described.

  On the graph, the breaking strength is indicated by a solid line, but this curve is a graph connecting the composition points having the same breaking strength in the above composition range. The reason why there is a composition point where the breaking strength is equal even if the compositions are different is that the breaking strength is affected by two factors, the amount of the binder and the GAP-PEG ratio. This is because, as described in the specification, increasing the amount of the binder or increasing the amount of PEG in the binder increases the breaking strength. In the graph, as shown in FIG. 7, this phenomenon can be explained by the fact that both the upper right (the amount of binder and the amount of PEG) are high, the lower left is a small composition, and the value of the breaking strength increases. .

Next, the combustion rate curve will be described.
On the graph, the combustion speed is indicated by a broken line. This is because, as described in the specification, increasing the amount of the binder or increasing the amount of PEG in the binder decreases the burning rate. In the graph, as shown in FIG. 7, this phenomenon can be explained by the fact that both the upper right (the amount of binder and the amount of PEG) are high, the lower left is a small composition, and the value of the combustion rate is downward.

Next, the reason why the fracture strength and the combustion speed are shown in one graph as described above will be described.
The original purpose is to examine a composition that satisfies the required performance (breaking strength, burning rate) of the product. As described in the specification, the required breaking strength and burning rate differ depending on the product. For example, when performance with a breaking strength of 2.0 N / mm ² or more and a burning rate of 0.2 mm / sec or more is required, as shown in FIG. You can see at a glance.

Here, there is a problem that a composition with excellent performance cannot be defined. This is because the required performance varies depending on the product. For example, when it is desired that the molded smoke generating agent is instantly shattered and smoked, the strength is preferably low. Conversely, when it is desired to control the smoke generation time for a long time, it is necessary to burn in a fixed shape (strength that does not break).
In the present invention, the main point is that the performance range is expanded by adding PEG to the binder. The performance here is the breaking strength and the burning rate, but the addition of PEG has the conflicting effect that the breaking strength improves and the burning rate decreases, so the amount of PEG added to the product is important. . To illustrate this, this graph is convenient.

  Moreover, although the intensity | strength of the fuming composition using an energy binder and Viton A is weak compared with the fuming composition using an energy binder and PEG, since the transmittance | permeability of infrared rays is small, absorption of infrared rays is large. This indicates that it can be used as a supplement when the required breaking strength and infrared transmittance cannot be obtained using an energy binder and PEG.

  In the above embodiment, the case where GAP is used as the energy binder has been described. However, the same applies when BAMMO (3,3-bis (azidomethylo) methyloxetane) or AMMO (3-azidometyl-3-methyloxetane) is used. The effect is expected.

  The infrared shielding smoke generating composition of the present invention is used for pyrotechnics such as smoke bombs and smoke cylinders for defense. Moreover, it is used for the smoke generator which prevents infrared fluoroscopy for crime prevention.

Infrared absorption spectrum of phosphoric acid (waveform diagram). The schematic diagram of the measuring device of infrared transmittance. The schematic diagram showing the measurement of a combustion rate. The schematic diagram showing the measurement of fracture strength. The graph which shows the relationship between the fracture strength curve in the composition range of a binder, and a combustion rate curve. An example of how to read the graph of FIG. 6 is another example of how to read the graph of FIG.

Claims (4)

  An infrared shielding smoke composition comprising red phosphorus, an oxidizing agent selected from nitrates, sulfates, persulfates or oxides, metal powder, an energy binder, and polyalkylene glycol.   An infrared shielding smoke composition comprising red phosphorus, an oxidizing agent selected from nitrate, sulfate, persulfate or oxide, metal powder, an energy binder, and fluororubber.   The energy binder is selected from GAP (Glycidyl azide polymer), BAMMO (3,3-bis (azidomethylo) methyloxetane), and AMMO (3-azidometyl-3-methyloxetane). 2. The infrared shielding smoke generating composition according to 2. The infrared shielding smoke composition according to claim 1 or 3 , wherein the polyalkylene glycol is polyethylene glycol.

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