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JP4567847B2 - Double lumen catheter - Google Patents

Double lumen catheter Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4567847B2
JP4567847B2 JP2000160383A JP2000160383A JP4567847B2 JP 4567847 B2 JP4567847 B2 JP 4567847B2 JP 2000160383 A JP2000160383 A JP 2000160383A JP 2000160383 A JP2000160383 A JP 2000160383A JP 4567847 B2 JP4567847 B2 JP 4567847B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
catheter
blood
lumen
hole
blood removal
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JP2001340466A (en
Inventor
智子 宮澤
紀夫 小池
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Unitika Ltd
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Unitika Ltd
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M25/00Catheters; Hollow probes
    • A61M25/0021Catheters; Hollow probes characterised by the form of the tubing
    • A61M25/0023Catheters; Hollow probes characterised by the form of the tubing by the form of the lumen, e.g. cross-section, variable diameter
    • A61M25/0026Multi-lumen catheters with stationary elements
    • A61M25/003Multi-lumen catheters with stationary elements characterized by features relating to least one lumen located at the distal part of the catheter, e.g. filters, plugs or valves
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M25/00Catheters; Hollow probes
    • A61M25/0021Catheters; Hollow probes characterised by the form of the tubing
    • A61M25/0023Catheters; Hollow probes characterised by the form of the tubing by the form of the lumen, e.g. cross-section, variable diameter
    • A61M25/0026Multi-lumen catheters with stationary elements
    • A61M25/003Multi-lumen catheters with stationary elements characterized by features relating to least one lumen located at the distal part of the catheter, e.g. filters, plugs or valves
    • A61M2025/0031Multi-lumen catheters with stationary elements characterized by features relating to least one lumen located at the distal part of the catheter, e.g. filters, plugs or valves characterized by lumina for withdrawing or delivering, i.e. used for extracorporeal circuit treatment

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Media Introduction/Drainage Providing Device (AREA)
  • External Artificial Organs (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、透析療法などに使用されるダブルルーメンカテーテルに係り、さらに詳しくは、カテーテルを留置する際、術者および患者に負担が少なく透析等を良好に行うのに適した形状を有するダブルルーメンカテーテルに関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
緊急透析、薬物中毒、劇症肝炎等の短期間の血液浄化療法で必要とされる血液透析などの体外循環治療(ブラッドアクセス)の手段として、一方のルーメンで血液を体外に排出し、もう一方のルーメンで浄化した血液を体内に戻すダブルルーメン型カテーテルが汎用されている。この方法はシャントへの移行前で、カテーテル留置直後から透析療法が行え、カテーテルの挿入及び留置箇所が一箇所で済む(動・静脈ルートが1本でとれる)ため患者への負担が少ないという利点もある。
【0003】
従来使用されている大半のブラッドアクセス用ダブルルーメンカテーテルにおける脱血ルーメン側の脱血孔の形状は、図6に示したようなカテーテル側面に穴(側孔)を開けたものであった。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
近年、患者の高齢化や糖尿病性腎症の増加に伴い透析患者の血管が脆く、狭くなる傾向にあり、カテーテル側面に穴(側孔)を開けた従来の形状では、透析中の吸引圧によりカテーテルの脱血ルーメンが血管壁にへばり付き、血液を体外に排出できない脱血不良を招く場合が増大するという問題があった。
【0005】
この問題を解決するため、図7に示したような脱血孔がカテーテルの長手方向に対し垂直に開いているエンドホールタイプのものが提案され、実際に製品化されているものもある。
【0006】
一般的にカテーテルを留置する方法として、出血量を最小限に抑え、できる限り迅速に留置する必要があることから、予め血管の所定の位置まで挿入されたガイドワイヤーに沿ってカテーテルを挿入、留置する方法(セルジンガー法)が採られることが多い。
【0007】
脱血孔がエンドホールタイプのダブルルーメンカテーテルはカテーテルの先端に段差を有するので、セルジンガー法による留置では脱血孔部分の段差が穿刺部に引っかかり血管内に挿入できない。このためエンドホールタイプのカテーテルを留置する際は、まずカテーテルよりも太いシースを穿刺しその内腔にカテーテルを挿入する方法が採られるが、この方法ではカテーテルを留置する血管が太い血管に限定され、また刺入部が大きくなるため留置時の出血が多く止血も難しくなり感染の機会も増えるという問題があった。
【0008】
一方、図7に示すカテーテルの問題点を解決するため、図8に示したような脱血孔がカテーテルの長手方向に対し斜めに開いているものも提案され製品化されている。このカテーテルの形状によればセルジンガー法によるカテーテルの留置操作が可能となるが、依然としてカテーテル先端に段差あるためカテーテルを血管に挿入する際血管の内壁を傷つける可能性があった。
【0009】
本発明は、上記のような課題を解決し、カテーテルを留置する際、術者および患者に負担が少なく、透析等を良好に行うのに適した形状を有するダブルルーメンカテーテルを提供することを目的とするものである。
【0010】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、上記課題を解決するため鋭意検討の結果、カテーテル先端部から基部側へずれた位置に、カテーテルの長手方向に対し斜めに脱血孔を設け、その脱血孔より先端側のカテーテル本体の形状を特殊な形状に工夫することにより、血管壁の脱血孔へのへばり付きを防ぎ、かつ血管内への挿入がスムーズできることを見出し、本発明に到達した。
【0011】
すなわち、本発明は、隔壁により仕切られた返血ルーメンと脱血ルーメンを有するチューブをカテーテル本体とするダブルルーメンカテーテルにおいて、返血ルーメンの開口部である返血孔をカテーテル本体の先端部付近に設け、脱血ルーメンの開口部である脱血孔をカテーテル本体の先端部から基部側に3〜11cm隔てた位置に設け、該脱血孔の開口面がカテーテル本体の長手方向に対して5〜90°の角度を有しており、さらに脱血孔のある位置から先端側のカテーテル本体の形状が、返血ルーメンのみからなる半円形状で断面積の小さい長さ0.2〜10cmの狭径部とそれに引続く断面積の大きい広径部とからなるダブルルーメンカテーテルであって、吸引圧2×10 Paでへばりつかないことを特徴とするダブルルーメンカテーテルを要旨とするものである。
【0012】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明を詳細に説明する。
本発明のダブルルーメンカテーテルは、構成部材として、返血ルーメンと脱血ルーメンが形成されているカテーテル本体、分岐部及び体外循環回路や輸液回路等へ接続するための枝管(または延長管)からなり、枝管の先端にはコネクターが付いている。返血ルーメンは体外循環の返血用ルーメンであり、脱血ルーメンは体外循環の脱血用ルーメンである。本発明のダブルルーメンカテーテルは、カテーテル本体の先端側の形状に特徴を有するものであり、分岐部、枝管及びコネクターについては従来から知られているものが良好に用いられる。
【0013】
また、カテーテル本体の材質としては、ポリウレタン、ポリ塩化ビニル、シリコーン、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、エチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体、ポリアミド等で血管内で安定な形状を保ち血管を傷つけない硬さのものであれば何でも良いが、特にポリウレタンはカテーテル挿入性を損なわない程度の硬さを持ち、常温では硬く体内の温度では柔らかくなる性質を持つので最も好ましい。
【0014】
カテーテルの枝管の材質としては、カテーテル本体の材質と同じ硬さの材質あるいは柔らかい材質が使用される。例えばポリウレタン、ポリ塩化ビニル、シリコーン、エチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体等が挙げられるが、容易に折れ曲がり内腔が閉塞しない強度と皮膚表面を傷つけない柔らかさを持つ樹脂としてポリウレタン、ポリ塩化ビニル、シリコーンが特に好ましい。
【0015】
コネクターの材質としては、硬度、強度が高く、消毒剤等に対する耐薬品性と寸法安定性に優れた樹脂で、成形され得るものであれば良い。この樹脂としては、例えばポリカーボネート、硬質のポリ塩化ビニル、ポリウレタン、ポリアミド、ポリエーテルイミド、またはこれらの樹脂に強度をさらに上げるためにほかの樹脂を混合させたものであっても良い。
【0016】
次に、本発明のダブルルーメンカテーテルを図面を用いて説明する。図1(a)は、本発明のダブルルーメンカテーテルの一例を示したものである。カテーテル本体1の基部側に分岐部4を介して枝管5が延び、枝管5の先にコネクター6が付いている。図1(b)はカテーテル本体1の先端側の拡大図である。カテーテル本体1の先端部付近には、基部から先端部まで貫通する返血ルーメン2の返血孔2aが設けられ、先端から基部側へ一定の距離だけ離れた箇所に脱血ルーメン3に通じる脱血孔3aが設けられている。脱血ルーメンは、脱血孔3aからカテーテル本体基部まで貫通している。脱血孔3aがある位置からカテーテル本体の先端側に返血ルーメンのみからなる半円形状で断面積の小さい狭径部8と、それに引続き断面積の大きい広径部7とが形成されている。
【0017】
本発明において、脱血孔3aの位置は、カテーテル本体の先端から基部側に3〜11cm隔てられた箇所である必要がある。3cmより短いと、返血孔2aから体内に戻される浄化された血液を再び透析回路に送ることになり、逆に11cmより長くなると、カテーテルの有効長が長くなり、留置する血管が限られるため、採用できない。また、好ましくは3〜8cmであり、より好ましくは3.5〜5cmである。
【0018】
本発明における脱血孔3aは、その開口面がカテーテル本体1の長手方向と5〜90°の角度を有するように設けられていることが必要である。5°より小さいと透析中の吸引圧により血管壁が脱血孔3aにへばりついて塞がれるおそれがあり採用できない。また90°より大きいとカテーテルを体内に挿入する際に脱血孔3aが血管を傷つけるおそれがあるので採用できない。この角度は、好ましくは15〜60°であり、より好ましくは30〜45°である。
【0019】
本発明においては、脱血孔3aがある位置より先端側のカテーテル本体が、返血ルーメンのみからなる半円形状で断面積の小さい長さ0.2〜10cmの狭径部8と、それに引続く断面積の大きい広径部7とになっていることが必要である。図1(c)(d)(e)は、それぞれ、図1(a)で示したA−A’断面、B−B’断面、C−C’断面を示しており、図中に半円形状の返血ルーメン2と脱血ルーメン3が示されている。狭径部8は、図1(d)に示されているように返血ルーメンのみからなる半円形状で断面積の小さいことが必要である。狭径部8の長さとしては、0.2〜10cmが必要であり、1〜3cmがより望ましい。0.2cmより短いと、脱血孔3aが血管壁にへばりつき易くなるため、脱血不良を招き、10cmより長くなると有効長が長くなり、留置する血管が限られる。
【0020】
また、広径部7は、上記した狭径部8より断面積が大きければよく特にその形状は限定されないが、好ましくは円形であり、例えば図1(e)に示されているように、返血ルーメン2に併設してカテーテル本体1と同じ材質の詰め物9により半円形状に成形すればよい。または脱血ルーメンを溶封することにより広径部7を成形することもできる。
広径部7の長さとしては、0.2〜10cmが望ましく、1〜3cmがより望ましい。0.2cmより短いと、強度が弱くなり、10cmより長くなると有効長が長くなるため留置する血管が限られる。
【0021】
狭径部8と、それより先端側の広径部7との境目は、カテーテル本体1の長手方向に対して脱血ルーメン3の脱血孔3aと同様に5〜90°の角度を有するようにするのが好ましく、特に30〜45°の角度を有することが好ましい。
【0022】
図1(b)では、カテーテル本体の先端部が円錐状になっているが、カテーテルの血管への挿入性に優れるためであり、本発明では先端部の形状を適宜変形したものも含まれる。
【0023】
図2(a)(b)は、本発明の他の例を示したのもであり、カテーテル本体1の広径部7の側面に返血ルーメンに通じる3個の返血孔側孔2bを設けたものである。
【0024】
また、図3(a)(b)は、本発明の他の例を示したものであるが、脱血ルーメン3の脱血孔3aより基端側には万一脱血孔3aが閉塞した場合に備え脱血孔側孔3bを1個設けたものである。この側孔3bの直径は脱血ルーメン3の直径より小さく、形状は楕円形または円形がよい。
【0025】
次に、実施例によって具体的に説明する。実施例中の評価方法は次のとおりである。なお、本発明における吸引圧2×10 Paでへばりつかないとは、以下のカテーテル側孔の血管壁へばり付き試験により、吸引圧2×10 Paの条件でへばりつかないことをいう。
(カテーテル側孔の血管壁へばり付き試験)図5のように塩化ビニル製で内径6mmのチューブ10の途中に厚さ0.02mmのポリエチレン製のフィルムからなる筒11をはさんだ管を血管に見立て、ポリエチレン製のフィルムからなる筒11部より上流側の塩化ビニル製のチューブ10の部分に、脱血孔3aまたは側孔3bがポリエチレン製のフィルムからなる筒11部に位置するようにカテーテル1を差し込んだ。血管に見立てたチューブ内には1分間に250mL流れる速さで37℃の水12をポンプ(日機装株式会社製型式BP−21B)13にて送り、脱血及び返血側アダプター6には透析回路用チューブ(泉工医科工業株式会社製)14を接続させ、脱血側アダプター6aと透析用ポンプ(日機装株式会社製型式DCS−26)15までの間にカテーテルが水を吸引する圧力(吸引圧)をモニターできるよう圧力計(株式会社岡野製作所製型式GPM104N14)16を取り付け、透析ポンプで吸引して脱血孔3aがポリエチレン製のフィルムからなる筒11にへばりつく時の吸引圧を測定した。
【0026】
実施例1
図1のようにポリウレタン製のカテーテル本体1(外径3.7mm、長さ150mm)と体外部の2本の枝管5(外径4mm、長さ50mm)とからなるダブルルーメンカテーテルで、脱血ルーメン3の脱血孔3aがカテーテル本体1の長手方向に対して30°の角度を有し、断面が返血ルーメン2のみの半円形状の狭径部8を15mmとし、狭径部8と広径部7との境目は、カテーテル本体1の長手方向に対して30°の角度を有するダブルルーメンカテーテルを作製した。
【0027】
実施例2
図4のようにポリウレタン製のカテーテル本体1(外径3.7mm、長さ150mm)と体外部の2本の枝管5(外径4mm、長さ50mm)とからなるダブルルーメンカテーテルで、脱血ルーメン3の脱血孔3aがカテーテル本体1の長手方向に対して30°の角度を有し、断面が返血ルーメン2のみの半円形状の狭径部8を15mmとし、狭径部8と広径部7との境目は、カテーテル本体1の長手方向に対して30°の角度を有し、返血孔2aから基部側へ向かって9mm及び15mmの位置に長径3mm短径1.2mmの楕円径の側孔2bを3個設け、脱血孔3aより3mm基部側へ直径1mmの円形の側孔3bを1個有するダブルルーメンカテーテルを作製した。
【0028】
比較例1
図6のようにポリウレタン製のカテーテル本体1(外径3.7mm、長さ150mm)と体外部の2本の枝管5(外径4mm、長さ50mm)とからなるダブルルーメンカテーテルで、返血孔2aから基部側へ向かって9mm及び15mmの位置に長径3mm短径1.2mmの楕円径の側孔2bを、返血孔2aから基部側へ向かって34mm、41mm及び48mmの位置の脱血ルーメン側には長径3mm短径1.2mmの楕円径の側孔3bを有するダブルルーメンカテーテルを作製した。
【0029】
実施例1、実施例2及び比較例のダブルルーメンカテーテルについてカテーテル側孔の血管壁へばり付き試験を行ったが、それぞれ流量250mL/minの時のカテーテルにへばりついたときの吸引圧を測定したところ、比較例1のカテーテルは2×104Paの吸引圧でカテーテルがへばりついたが、実施例1及び2のカテーテルは2×104Pa以上の吸引圧を上げてもカテーテルがフィルムにへばりつくことはなかった。
【0030】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、患者の血液を体外へ排出する際に生じる吸引圧が高い場合においても、カテーテルの脱血孔での患者の血管壁へのへばり付きを防止することにより、脱血不良が改善され、またカテーテルを挿入する際に術者及び患者の負担を軽くすることができる。さらに、脱血孔から先端側のカテーテル本体の断面形状を一旦半円形状にして再び円形状にすることで、カテーテル本体の血管壁へのへばり付き防止効果が更に高まる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明のダブルルーメンカテーテルの一例を示す模式図、要部の拡大図及びA−A’、B−B’、C−C’の断面図である。
【図2】本発明のダブルルーメンカテーテルの他の例を示す模式図及び要部の拡大図である。
【図3】本発明のダブルルーメンカテーテルの他の例を示す模式図及び要部の拡大図である。
【図4】本発明のダブルルーメンカテーテルの他の例を示す模式図及び要部の拡大図である。
【図5】本発明におけるカテーテル側孔の血管壁へばり付き試験のモデルを示す概略図である。
【図6】従来のダブルルーメンカテーテルの一例を示す模式図及び要部の拡大図である。
【図7】従来のダブルルーメンカテーテルの他の例を示す模式図及び要部の拡大図である。
【図8】従来のダブルルーメンカテーテルの他の例を示す模式図及び要部の拡大図である。
【符号の説明】
1 カテーテル本体
2 返血ルーメン
2a 返血孔
2b 返血孔側孔
3 脱血ルーメン
3a 脱血孔
3b 脱血孔側孔
4 カテーテルと枝管の分岐部
5 枝管
6a 脱血側コネクター
6b 返血側コネクター
7 広径部
8 狭径部
9 詰め物
10 塩化ビニル製のチューブ
11 ポリエチレン製のフィルムからなる筒
12 水
13 ポンプ
14 透析回路用チューブ
15 透析用ポンプ
16 圧力計
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a double lumen catheter used for dialysis therapy and the like, and more particularly, a double lumen having a shape suitable for performing dialysis and the like with less burden on an operator and a patient when the catheter is placed. It relates to a catheter.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As a means of extracorporeal circulation treatment (blood access) such as hemodialysis required for short-term blood purification therapy such as emergency dialysis, drug addiction, fulminant hepatitis, etc., blood is drained out of the body with one lumen. A double-lumen type catheter that returns blood purified by the lumen to the body is widely used. This method has the advantage that dialysis therapy can be performed immediately after placement of the catheter before the transition to the shunt, and the insertion and placement of the catheter is only one place (one movement / venous route can be taken), so there is less burden on the patient. There is also.
[0003]
The shape of the blood removal hole on the blood removal lumen side in most conventionally used double-lumen catheters for blood access was such that a hole (side hole) was formed on the side of the catheter as shown in FIG.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In recent years, blood vessels of dialysis patients tend to become fragile and narrow with the aging of patients and the increase of diabetic nephropathy, and the conventional shape with a hole (side hole) on the side of the catheter is caused by suction pressure during dialysis. There has been a problem in that the blood removal lumen of the catheter sticks to the blood vessel wall, resulting in an increase in the number of blood removal defects that cannot discharge blood outside the body.
[0005]
In order to solve this problem, an end hole type in which a blood removal hole as shown in FIG. 7 is opened perpendicularly to the longitudinal direction of the catheter has been proposed, and there are some which are actually commercialized.
[0006]
Generally, as a method of indwelling a catheter, it is necessary to minimize the amount of blood loss and to indwell as quickly as possible. Therefore, the catheter is inserted and placed along a guide wire that has been inserted into a blood vessel in advance. In many cases, a method (Seldinger method) is employed.
[0007]
Since a double lumen catheter having a blood removal hole of an end hole type has a step at the distal end of the catheter, the step of the blood removal hole is caught by the puncture portion and cannot be inserted into the blood vessel by indwelling by the Seldinger method. Therefore, when indwelling an end-hole type catheter, a method is first adopted in which a sheath that is thicker than the catheter is punctured and the catheter is inserted into the lumen. In addition, since the puncture site is large, bleeding at the time of indwelling is difficult and it is difficult to stop the hemostasis, increasing the chance of infection.
[0008]
On the other hand, in order to solve the problem of the catheter shown in FIG. 7, a device in which a blood removal hole as shown in FIG. 8 is opened obliquely with respect to the longitudinal direction of the catheter has been proposed and commercialized. Although the catheter can be placed by the Seldinger method according to the shape of this catheter, there is still a possibility that the inner wall of the blood vessel is damaged when the catheter is inserted into the blood vessel because there is a step at the tip of the catheter.
[0009]
An object of the present invention is to solve the above problems and to provide a double lumen catheter having a shape suitable for performing dialysis and the like with less burden on an operator and a patient when placing the catheter. It is what.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems, the present inventors have provided a blood removal hole obliquely with respect to the longitudinal direction of the catheter at a position shifted from the catheter distal end to the base side, and the distal side from the blood removal hole. By devising the shape of the catheter body into a special shape, it was found that the blood vessel wall can be prevented from sticking to the blood removal hole and can be smoothly inserted into the blood vessel, and the present invention has been achieved.
[0011]
That is, the present invention provides a double lumen catheter having a tube having a blood return lumen and a blood removal lumen partitioned by a septum as a catheter body, and a blood return hole that is an opening of the blood return lumen is provided near the distal end of the catheter body. A blood removal hole, which is an opening of the blood removal lumen, is provided at a position 3 to 11 cm from the distal end of the catheter body to the base side, and the opening surface of the blood removal hole is 5 to 5 in the longitudinal direction of the catheter body. The angle of 90 °, and the shape of the catheter body on the distal end side from the position where the blood removal hole is located is a semicircular shape consisting only of a blood return lumen, and has a small cross-sectional area of 0.2 to 10 cm in length. a double lumen catheter comprising a diameter portion and a large wide diameter portion of the subsequent cross-sectional area thereto, a double-lumen catheter, characterized in that not Hebaritsuka in suction pressure 2 × 10 4 Pa The ether is to the subject matter.
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
The double lumen catheter of the present invention includes, as components, a catheter body in which a blood return lumen and a blood removal lumen are formed, a branch portion, and a branch pipe (or extension pipe) for connection to an extracorporeal circulation circuit, an infusion circuit, and the like. The tip of the branch pipe has a connector. The blood return lumen is a blood return lumen for extracorporeal circulation, and the blood removal lumen is a blood removal lumen for extracorporeal circulation. The double-lumen catheter of the present invention is characterized by the shape of the distal end side of the catheter body, and conventionally known branching portions, branch pipes, and connectors are preferably used.
[0013]
The catheter body should be made of polyurethane, polyvinyl chloride, silicone, polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyamide, etc., with a hardness that does not damage the blood vessel while maintaining a stable shape in the blood vessel. Any polyurethane can be used, but polyurethane is most preferable because it has a hardness that does not impair the catheter insertion property, and is hard at room temperature and soft at the body temperature.
[0014]
As the material of the branch tube of the catheter, a material having the same hardness as the material of the catheter body or a soft material is used. For example, polyurethane, polyvinyl chloride, silicone, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, etc. can be mentioned. Polyurethane, polyvinyl chloride, silicone as a resin that has a strength that does not easily bend and does not block the lumen and does not damage the skin surface. Is particularly preferred.
[0015]
As the material of the connector, any resin can be used as long as it has high hardness and strength, and is excellent in chemical resistance and dimensional stability against a disinfectant or the like and can be molded. This resin may be, for example, polycarbonate, hard polyvinyl chloride, polyurethane, polyamide, polyetherimide, or a mixture of these resins with another resin to further increase the strength.
[0016]
Next, the double lumen catheter of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Fig.1 (a) shows an example of the double lumen catheter of this invention. A branch tube 5 extends to the base side of the catheter body 1 via the branch portion 4, and a connector 6 is attached to the tip of the branch tube 5. FIG. 1B is an enlarged view of the distal end side of the catheter body 1. In the vicinity of the distal end portion of the catheter body 1, a blood return hole 2a of the blood return lumen 2 penetrating from the base portion to the distal end portion is provided. A blood hole 3a is provided. The blood removal lumen penetrates from the blood removal hole 3a to the base of the catheter body. From the position where the blood removal hole 3a is located, a narrow- circle portion 8 having a small cross-sectional area and a semi-circular shape consisting of only a blood return lumen is formed on the distal end side of the catheter body, and subsequently a wide-diameter portion 7 having a large cross-sectional area. .
[0017]
In the present invention, the position of the blood removal hole 3a needs to be a place 3 to 11 cm away from the distal end of the catheter body to the base side. If the length is shorter than 3 cm, the purified blood returned to the body from the blood return hole 2a is sent again to the dialysis circuit. Conversely, if the length is longer than 11 cm, the effective length of the catheter becomes longer, and the indwelling blood vessels are limited. Cannot be adopted. Moreover, Preferably it is 3-8 cm, More preferably, it is 3.5-5 cm.
[0018]
The blood removal hole 3a in the present invention needs to be provided so that the opening surface thereof has an angle of 5 to 90 ° with the longitudinal direction of the catheter body 1. If it is less than 5 °, the blood vessel wall may stick to the blood removal hole 3a due to the suction pressure during dialysis, and cannot be used. On the other hand, if the angle is greater than 90 °, the blood removal hole 3a may damage the blood vessel when the catheter is inserted into the body, and thus cannot be employed. This angle is preferably 15 to 60 °, more preferably 30 to 45 °.
[0019]
In the present invention, the catheter body on the distal end side from the position where the blood removal hole 3a is located is a semicircular shape consisting of only a blood return lumen and has a small cross-sectional area of 0.2 to 10 cm in length and a narrow diameter portion 8 and a pulling portion. It is necessary that the wide diameter portion 7 has a large cross-sectional area. FIGS. 1C, 1D, and 1E respectively show the AA ′ cross section, the BB ′ cross section, and the CC ′ cross section shown in FIG. 1A. A blood return lumen 2 and a blood removal lumen 3 are shown. As shown in FIG. 1D, the narrow-diameter portion 8 needs to be a semicircular shape consisting only of a blood return lumen and have a small cross-sectional area. The length of the narrow diameter portion 8 needs to be 0.2 to 10 cm, and more preferably 1 to 3 cm. If the length is shorter than 0.2 cm, the blood removal hole 3a tends to stick to the blood vessel wall, resulting in poor blood removal. If the length is longer than 10 cm, the effective length becomes longer, and the indwelling blood vessels are limited.
[0020]
Further, the shape of the wide-diameter portion 7 is not particularly limited as long as the cross-sectional area is larger than that of the narrow-diameter portion 8 described above. However, the shape is preferably circular, and for example, as shown in FIG. What is necessary is just to shape | mold in semicircular shape with the filling 9 of the same material as the catheter main body 1 along with the blood lumen 2. Alternatively, the wide diameter portion 7 can be formed by sealing the blood removal lumen.
The length of the wide diameter portion 7 is preferably 0.2 to 10 cm, and more preferably 1 to 3 cm. When the length is shorter than 0.2 cm, the strength is weakened, and when the length is longer than 10 cm, the effective length becomes long, so that the blood vessels to be placed are limited.
[0021]
The boundary between the narrow-diameter portion 8 and the wide-diameter portion 7 on the distal end side thereof has an angle of 5 to 90 ° with respect to the longitudinal direction of the catheter body 1 as in the blood removal hole 3a of the blood removal lumen 3. It is preferable to have an angle of 30 to 45 °.
[0022]
In FIG.1 (b), although the front-end | tip part of a catheter main body is conical, it is because it is excellent in the insertion property to the blood vessel of a catheter, and what changed the shape of the front-end | tip part suitably is included in this invention.
[0023]
FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b) show another example of the present invention, in which three blood return hole side holes 2b leading to the blood return lumen are provided on the side surface of the wide diameter portion 7 of the catheter body 1. FIG. Is.
[0024]
3 (a) and 3 (b) show another example of the present invention. In the unlikely event that the blood removal hole 3a is blocked from the blood removal hole 3a of the blood removal lumen 3 to the proximal side. In preparation, one blood removal side hole 3b is provided. The diameter of the side hole 3b is smaller than the diameter of the blood removal lumen 3, and the shape may be elliptical or circular.
[0025]
Next, the embodiment will be specifically described. The evaluation methods in the examples are as follows. Note that the not Hebaritsuka at suction pressure 2 × 10 4 Pa in the present invention, the flash with the test to the vessel wall below the catheter side holes, that no Hebaritsuka under conditions of suction pressure 2 × 10 4 Pa Say.
(Test with burrs on the side wall of the catheter side hole) As shown in FIG. 5, a tube having a tube 11 made of polyethylene film having a thickness of 0.02 mm in the middle of a tube 10 made of vinyl chloride and having an inner diameter of 6 mm is used as a blood vessel. As a matter of course, the catheter 1 is arranged such that the blood removal hole 3a or the side hole 3b is located in the cylinder 11 part made of polyethylene film in the portion of the tube 10 made of vinyl chloride upstream of the cylinder 11 part made of polyethylene film. Inserted. In the tube that looks like a blood vessel, water 12 at 37 ° C. is sent by a pump (Nikkiso Co., Ltd. Model BP-21B) 13 at a speed of 250 mL per minute, and the blood removal and return adapter 6 has a dialysis circuit. Tube (Izumi Kogyo Medical Co., Ltd.) 14 is connected, and the pressure at which the catheter draws water between the blood removal side adapter 6a and the dialysis pump (Nikkiso Co., Ltd. Model DCS-26) 15 (suction pressure) A pressure gauge (Model No. GPM104N14 manufactured by Okano Manufacturing Co., Ltd.) 16 was attached, and the suction pressure when the blood removal hole 3a was stuck to the cylinder 11 made of a polyethylene film was measured.
[0026]
Example 1
As shown in Fig. 1, a double-lumen catheter consisting of a polyurethane catheter main body 1 (outer diameter 3.7 mm, length 150 mm) and two branch pipes 5 (outer diameter 4 mm, length 50 mm) outside the body is used for blood removal. The blood removal hole 3a of the lumen 3 has an angle of 30 ° with respect to the longitudinal direction of the catheter body 1, and the semicircular narrow diameter portion 8 whose cross section is only the blood return lumen 2 is 15 mm. A double lumen catheter having an angle of 30 ° with respect to the longitudinal direction of the catheter body 1 was produced at the boundary with the wide diameter portion 7.
[0027]
Example 2
As shown in FIG. 4, a double-lumen catheter consisting of a polyurethane catheter body 1 (outer diameter 3.7 mm, length 150 mm) and two branch pipes 5 (outer diameter 4 mm, length 50 mm) outside the body is used for blood removal. The blood removal hole 3a of the lumen 3 has an angle of 30 ° with respect to the longitudinal direction of the catheter body 1, and the semicircular narrow diameter portion 8 whose cross section is only the blood return lumen 2 is 15 mm. The boundary with the wide diameter portion 7 has an angle of 30 ° with respect to the longitudinal direction of the catheter body 1, and the major axis is 3 mm and the minor axis is 1.2 mm at positions of 9 mm and 15 mm from the blood return hole 2 a toward the base side. A double lumen catheter having three elliptical side holes 2b and one circular side hole 3b having a diameter of 1 mm from the blood removal hole 3a to the 3 mm base side was produced.
[0028]
Comparative Example 1
As shown in FIG. 6, a double-lumen catheter consisting of a polyurethane catheter body 1 (outer diameter 3.7 mm, length 150 mm) and two branch pipes 5 (outer diameter 4 mm, length 50 mm) outside the body returns blood. Oval side holes 2b having a major axis of 3 mm and a minor axis of 1.2 mm at positions 9 mm and 15 mm from the hole 2 a toward the base side, and blood removal at positions of 34 mm, 41 mm and 48 mm from the blood return hole 2 a toward the base side A double lumen catheter having an elliptical side hole 3b having a major axis of 3 mm and a minor axis of 1.2 mm was prepared on the lumen side.
[0029]
For the double lumen catheters of Example 1, Example 2 and Comparative Example, a test was conducted on the vascular wall of the side hole of the catheter, and when the suction pressure was measured when the catheter was stuck to the catheter at a flow rate of 250 mL / min, respectively. The catheter of Comparative Example 1 stuck to the suction pressure of 2 × 10 4 Pa, but the catheters of Examples 1 and 2 did not stick to the film even when the suction pressure was increased to 2 × 10 4 Pa or more. There wasn't.
[0030]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, even when the suction pressure generated when the patient's blood is discharged out of the body is high, blood loss is prevented by preventing the catheter's blood removal hole from sticking to the patient's blood vessel wall. And the burden on the operator and the patient can be reduced when the catheter is inserted. Furthermore, the cross-sectional shape of the catheter main body on the distal end side from the blood removal hole is once made semicircular and made circular again, thereby further enhancing the effect of preventing the catheter main body from sticking to the blood vessel wall.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an example of a double lumen catheter of the present invention, an enlarged view of a main part, and cross-sectional views of AA ′, BB ′, and CC ′.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing another example of the double lumen catheter of the present invention and an enlarged view of the main part.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing another example of the double lumen catheter of the present invention and an enlarged view of the main part.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing another example of the double lumen catheter of the present invention and an enlarged view of the main part.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing a model of a test for attaching a catheter side hole to a blood vessel wall in the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing an example of a conventional double lumen catheter and an enlarged view of a main part.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing another example of a conventional double lumen catheter and an enlarged view of a main part.
FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing another example of a conventional double lumen catheter and an enlarged view of a main part.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Catheter body 2 Blood return lumen 2a Blood return hole 2b Blood return hole side hole 3 Blood removal lumen 3a Blood removal hole 3b Blood removal hole side hole 4 Branch of catheter and branch pipe 5 Branch pipe 6a Blood removal side connector 6b Blood return Side connector 7 Wide-diameter portion 8 Narrow-diameter portion 9 Filling 10 Tube made of vinyl chloride 11 Tube made of polyethylene film 12 Water 13 Pump 14 Dialysis circuit tube 15 Dialysis pump 16 Pressure gauge

Claims (1)

隔壁により仕切られた返血ルーメンと脱血ルーメンを有するチューブをカテーテル本体とするダブルルーメンカテーテルにおいて、返血ルーメンの開口部である返血孔をカテーテル本体の先端部付近に設け、脱血ルーメンの開口部である脱血孔をカテーテル本体の先端部から基部側に3〜11cm隔てた位置に設け、該脱血孔の開口面がカテーテル本体の長手方向に対して5〜90°の角度を有しており、さらに脱血孔のある位置から先端側のカテーテル本体の形状が、返血ルーメンのみからなる半円形状で断面積の小さい長さ0.2〜10cmの狭径部とそれに引続く断面積の大きい広径部とからなるダブルルーメンカテーテルであって、吸引圧2×10 Paでへばりつかないことを特徴とするダブルルーメンカテーテル。In a double lumen catheter having a catheter body with a tube having a blood return lumen and a blood removal lumen partitioned by a septum, a blood return hole that is an opening of the blood return lumen is provided near the distal end of the catheter body, A blood removal hole as an opening is provided at a position 3 to 11 cm from the distal end of the catheter body to the base side, and the opening surface of the blood removal hole has an angle of 5 to 90 ° with respect to the longitudinal direction of the catheter body. Furthermore, the shape of the catheter main body on the distal end side from the position where the blood removal hole is located is a semicircular shape consisting only of a blood return lumen, a small diameter section having a small cross-sectional area of 0.2 to 10 cm, and subsequently. A double-lumen catheter comprising a wide-diameter portion having a large cross-sectional area, wherein the double-lumen catheter does not stick at a suction pressure of 2 × 10 4 Pa .
JP2000160383A 2000-05-30 2000-05-30 Double lumen catheter Expired - Lifetime JP4567847B2 (en)

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