JP4395995B2 - Preparation for dialysis and method for producing the same - Google Patents
Preparation for dialysis and method for producing the same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP4395995B2 JP4395995B2 JP2000162323A JP2000162323A JP4395995B2 JP 4395995 B2 JP4395995 B2 JP 4395995B2 JP 2000162323 A JP2000162323 A JP 2000162323A JP 2000162323 A JP2000162323 A JP 2000162323A JP 4395995 B2 JP4395995 B2 JP 4395995B2
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- powder
- drying
- sodium chloride
- sodium
- glucose
- Prior art date
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- 238000000502 dialysis Methods 0.000 title claims description 29
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title description 11
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M Sodium bicarbonate-14C Chemical compound [Na+].O[14C]([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 20
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000005022 packaging material Substances 0.000 description 11
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 6
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 5
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000014121 butter Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium ion Chemical compound [Mg+2] JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000385 dialysis solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- YMAWOPBAYDPSLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycylglycine Chemical compound [NH3+]CC(=O)NCC([O-])=O YMAWOPBAYDPSLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000011147 magnesium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910001425 magnesium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003002 pH adjusting agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium acetate Chemical compound [K+].CC([O-])=O SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- CYDQOEWLBCCFJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(4-fluorophenyl)oxane-4-carboxylic acid Chemical compound C=1C=C(F)C=CC=1C1(C(=O)O)CCOCC1 CYDQOEWLBCCFJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K Citrate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 108010008488 Glycylglycine Proteins 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MKJXYGKVIBWPFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium lactate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CC(O)C([O-])=O.CC(O)C([O-])=O MKJXYGKVIBWPFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000001527 calcium lactate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011086 calcium lactate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960002401 calcium lactate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002274 desiccant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- HDFXRQJQZBPDLF-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium hydrogen carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OC([O-])=O.OC([O-])=O HDFXRQJQZBPDLF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940043257 glycylglycine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000011056 potassium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960004109 potassium acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- PHZLMBHDXVLRIX-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium lactate Chemical compound [K+].CC(O)C([O-])=O PHZLMBHDXVLRIX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000001521 potassium lactate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011085 potassium lactate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960001304 potassium lactate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940083542 sodium Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000015424 sodium Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001509 sodium citrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium citrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000001540 sodium lactate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011088 sodium lactate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940005581 sodium lactate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraphosphorus decaoxide Chemical compound O1P(O2)(=O)OP3(=O)OP1(=O)OP2(=O)O3 DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- External Artificial Organs (AREA)
Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、透析用製剤およびその製造方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
最近の透析液は、従来のアルカリ化剤として酢酸を用いる酢酸透析液から、炭酸水素ナトリウムを用いる重炭酸透析液が、患者への負担が少ないため、主流となっている。しかし、重炭酸透析液では、重炭酸イオンがカルシウムイオンおよびマグネシウムイオンと反応して、不溶性化合物(炭酸カルシウム、炭酸マグネシウム等の炭酸金属塩)を生成するため、一剤化することが困難である。そこで、一般的にはカルシウムイオンおよびマグネシウムイオン等を含む電解質成分、ブドウ糖およびpH調整剤を含む濃厚液「A剤」と、重炭酸イオンの炭酸水素ナトリウムからなる粉末の「B剤」の2剤構成となっている。
【0003】
しかし、これら2剤構成の透析用製剤は、用時に2剤を混合して使用することから、操作が煩雑であること、また、濃厚液であるA剤が充填されているポリエチレン容器の大きさ(約5〜15L)およびその重量から、輸送コスト、病院での保管スペースおよび使用後の廃棄方法等が問題となっている。
【0004】
これらの問題を解決するための手段としてA剤の粉末化が考えられるようになり(例えば、特開平6−105906号公報等)、製剤化もされている。しかし、粉末透析剤といっても、液剤同様A剤とB剤の2剤、もしくはA剤をさらに電解質成分とブドウ糖の2剤(「A−1剤」、「A−2剤」)に分けた3剤構成の製剤であるため、用時に希釈、混合して使用することに変わりはない。
【0005】
そこで最近では、さらに簡便化するために、A剤とB剤の一剤化粉末透析の開発が進められている。しかし、ブドウ糖は熱およびアルカリにより容易に分解され、着色する。また、炭酸水素ナトリウムも湿気、熱および酸で分解することが知られている。これらのことから、粉末の一剤化は成分間での配合変化や安定性の面で問題があり、製剤化が非常に困難である。したがって、一剤化のために様々な形態の製剤が考えられている。
【0006】
例えば、特開平8−80345号公報は、直接接触させると化学反応を起こす物質の間に化学的に安定している塩化ナトリウムを緩衝層として用いることで互いに影響しないようにした積層型の製剤である。このような製剤は、不均一であるため、一包を一定量の水に溶かすバッチ溶解となり、連続溶解が出来ない。したがって、大容量の溶解タンクを装備した溶解装置が必要になる。
【0007】
特開平8−92071号公報のように、顆粒(核)に内層および外層を順次積層した構造の造粒物では、製剤は均一であり、連続溶解も可能となるが、製造工程が煩雑で製造コストがかかり、現実的ではない。
【0008】
また、特許第2948315号の乾式透析物組成物(ペレット)は、保存時に着色する。
【0009】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明の目的は、ブトウ糖および炭酸水素ナトリウムを含有する粉末透析剤において、保存時の着色を抑制し、長期にわたって安定に保存できる製剤および製造方法を提供することにある。
【0010】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記問題点を解決すべく鋭意研究を重ねた結果、ブトウ糖および炭酸水素ナトリウムを含有する粉末透析剤において、粉末透析剤全体、もしくはブドウ糖、塩化ナトリウムおよび炭酸水素ナトリウムの少なくとも1成分を乾燥させることによって、着色を抑制し得ることを見出した。
【0011】
すなわち、本発明は、ブトウ糖および炭酸水素ナトリウムを含有する粉末透析剤において、粉末透析剤全体、もしくはブドウ糖、塩化ナトリウムおよび炭酸水素ナトリウムの少なくとも1成分が乾燥されていることを特徴とする粉末透析剤および粉末透析剤の製造方法を提供するものである。
【0012】
本発明の電解質組成物は、従来から透析液に使用されている物質を特に制限なく使用することができ、たとえば、塩化ナトリウム、塩化カリウム、塩化マグネシウム、塩化カルシウム、クエン酸、クエン酸塩、酢酸ナトリウム、酢酸カリウム、乳酸ナトリウム、乳酸カリウム、乳酸カルシウム、炭酸水素ナトリウム等が用いられる。好ましい電解質組成物としては、塩化ナトリウム、塩化カリウム、塩化マグネシウム、酢酸ナトリウム、炭酸水素ナトリウムである。
【0013】
これらの電解質物質は、結晶水を有するものであってもよいし、無水物であっても良いが、無水物の方がより好ましい。
【0014】
透析液の各成分の配合量は、適切な濃度に希釈、混合した場合、下記の濃度であることが好ましい。
Na+ 130〜145mEq/L
K+ 2.0〜3.5mEq/L
Ca++ 2.5〜3.8mEq/L
Mg++ 1.0〜1.5mEq/L
Cl− 90〜115mEq/L
HCO3 − 25〜30mEq/L
酢酸イオン 6〜40mEq/L
ブドウ糖 0.5〜2.0g/L
【0015】
pH調整剤としては酢酸、乳酸、塩酸、クエン酸、炭酸ガス、水酸化ナトリウム等が用いられる。
【0016】
また、クエン酸は沈殿抑制剤としても用いられ、クエン酸ナトリウム、グリシルグリシン等を用いても良い。
【0017】
本発明の透析用製剤の製造方法においては、粉末透析剤全体、もしくはブドウ糖、塩化ナトリウムおよび炭酸水素ナトリウムの少なくとも1成分を乾燥させることに特徴がある。
【0018】
本発明においては、混合される全成分を乾燥した状態で混和するのが最も望ましいが、混和後、乾燥処理を行っても良く、また比較的大量に含まれる塩化ナトリウム、炭酸水素ナトリウム、ブドウ糖の1成分または2成分以上を乾燥して用いても良い。
【0019】
乾燥方法としては、減圧乾燥、乾燥剤(硫酸、シリカゲル、五酸化二リン等)による乾燥、熱乾燥等がある。ただし、成分によっては、乾燥の方法によって分解することが考えられるので、適した方法を選択する必要がある。
【0020】
また、乾燥条件は乾燥処理を行う各成分の水分含量が0.12%以下となるような条件であればよく、減圧乾燥においては、真空制御が利かなくなった時をもって、乾燥したとしてもよい。
【0021】
本発明の容器用包装材は水蒸気および炭酸ガスの透過を防ぐものが好ましく、例えば透湿度(40℃、90%RH)が1.0g/cm2・24hr以下のものを用いることが望ましい。材質としては、PET/酸化アルミ/ナイロン、PET/SiOx/CPP、PET/SiOx/ナイロン/CPPおよびOPP/SiOx/CPP等があげられる。
【0022】
【実施例】
次に、実施例をあげて、本発明をさらに詳細に説明する。
【0023】
(実施例1:参考例)表1に示した各原料を混合して作成した粉末透析剤を、減圧乾燥(乾燥条件;真空乾燥、25℃、165時間)した(試験例1)。また、表1の10倍濃厚液を調製した後、凍結乾燥(乾燥条件;予備凍結−45℃、12時間、一次乾燥0℃、72時間、二次乾燥25℃、12時間)した(試験例2)。これらを、防湿性の包材(酸化アルミ蒸着PET積層フィルム/細川洋行(株)製)に充填した後、シ−ルし、さらに同じ包材で2重に包装した。
【0024】
【表1】
【0025】
これらの25℃、60%RHにおける安定性を比較検討した。その結果を表2に示した。いずれの検体も着色を認めなかった。
【0026】
【表2】
【0027】
(実施例2)塩化ナトリウム6.14gを減圧乾燥(乾燥条件;真空乾燥25℃、165時間)した後、表3に示した他の成分と混合して粉末透析剤を作成した(試験例3)。同様に塩化ナトリウム6.14gおよびブドウ糖1.00gを減圧乾燥し、表3に示した他の成分と混合して粉末透析剤を作成した(試験例4)。同様に塩化ナトリウム6.14g、ブドウ糖1.00gおよび炭酸水素ナトリウム2.10gを減圧乾燥し、表3に示した他の成分と混合して粉末透析剤を作成した(試験例5)。一方、塩化ナトリウム6.14gを加熱乾燥(乾燥条件;600℃、1時間)し、表3に示した他の成分と混合して粉末透析剤を作成した(試験例6)。これらの粉末透析剤を、防湿性の包材(細川洋行(株)製)に充填した後、シ−ルし、さらに同じ包材で2重に包装した。
【0028】
【表3】
【0029】
これら粉末透析剤の25℃、60%RHにおける安定性を比較検討した。その結果を表4に示した。いずれの検体も着色を認めなかった。
【0030】
【表4】
【0031】
(実施例3:参考例)表1に示した各原料を混合して作成した粉末透析剤を減圧乾燥(乾燥条件;真空乾燥25℃、165時間)した(試験例7)。また、表1の10倍濃厚液を調製した後、凍結乾燥(乾燥条件;予備凍結−45℃、12時間、一次乾燥0℃、72時間、二次乾燥25℃、12時間)した(試験例8)。これらを防湿性の包材(細川洋行(株)製)に充填した後、シ−ルし、さらに同じ包材で2重に包装した。また、別にこれらをバイアル瓶にも充填した。一方、乾燥処理を行わずに混合し、同様に防湿性の包材に充填、包装した粉末透析剤および同様にバイアル瓶に充填した粉末透析剤を比較例とした。
【0032】
これらの40℃、75%RHにおける安定性を、乾燥処理なしの比較例1と比較例2とそれぞれ比較検討した。その結果を表5に示した。表5から明らかなように、乾燥処理によって、着色が抑制された。
【0033】
【表5】
【0034】
(実施例4)塩化ナトリウム6.14gを減圧乾燥(乾燥条件;真空乾燥25℃、165時間)した後、表3に示した他の成分と混合して粉末透析剤を作成した(試験例9)。同様に塩化ナトリウム6.14gおよびブドウ糖1.00gを減圧乾燥し、表3に示した他の成分と混合して粉末透析剤を作成した(試験例10)。同様に塩化ナトリウム6.14g、ブドウ糖1.00gおよび炭酸水素ナトリウム2.10gを減圧乾燥し、表3に示した他の成分と混合して粉末透析剤を作成した(試験例11)。一方、塩化ナトリウム6.14gを加熱乾燥(乾燥条件;600℃、1時間)した後、表3に示した他の成分と混合して粉末透析剤を作成した(試験例12)。これらを、防湿性の包材(細川洋行(株)製)に充填した後、シ−ルし、さらに同じ包材で2重に包装した。また、別にこれらをバイアル瓶にも充填した。一方、乾燥処理を行わずに混合し、同様に防湿性の包材に充填、包装した粉末透析剤および同様にバイアル瓶に充填した粉末透析剤を比較例とした。
【0035】
これら粉末透析剤の40℃、75%RHにおける安定性を、乾燥処理なしの比較例1と比較例2とそれぞれ比較検討した。その結果を表6に示した。乾燥処理によって、着色が抑制された。
【0036】
【表6】
【0037】
(実施例5)塩化ナトリウム6.14gを減圧乾燥(乾燥条件;真空乾燥25℃、165時間)した後、表3に示した他の成分と混合して粉末透析剤を作成した(試験例13)。同様に塩化ナトリウム6.14gおよびブドウ糖1.00gを減圧乾燥し、表3に示した他の成分と混合して粉末透析剤を作成した(試験例14)。同様に塩化ナトリウム6.14g、ブドウ糖1.00gおよび炭酸水素ナトリウム210gを減圧乾燥し、表3に示した他の成分と混合して粉末透析剤を作成した(試験例15)。一方、塩化ナトリウム6.14gを加熱乾燥(乾燥条件;600℃、1時間)した後、表3に示した他の成分と混合して粉末透析剤を作成した(試験例16)。これらを、バイアル瓶に充填した。
【0038】
これら粉末透析剤の60℃、30%RHにおける安定性を、乾燥処理を行わずに混合し、同様にバイアル瓶に充填した粉末透析剤(比較例)と比較検討した。その結果を表7に示した。乾燥処理によって、着色が抑制された。
【0039】
【表7】
【0040】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、本発明の透析用製剤およびその製造方法は、ブトウ糖および炭酸水素ナトリウムを含有する粉末透析剤において、粉末透析剤全体、もしくはブドウ糖、塩化ナトリウムおよび炭酸水素ナトリウムの少なくとも1成分が乾燥されていることにより、保存時の着色を抑制し、長期にわたって安定に保存できるという利点がある。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a preparation for dialysis and a method for producing the same.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Among the recent dialysates, the bicarbonate dialysate using sodium bicarbonate is less popular than the acetic acid dialysate using acetic acid as a conventional alkalinizing agent because the burden on the patient is small. However, in bicarbonate dialysate, bicarbonate ions react with calcium ions and magnesium ions to produce insoluble compounds (metal carbonates such as calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate), making it difficult to make a single agent. . Therefore, in general, two agents, an electrolyte component containing calcium ions and magnesium ions, a concentrated solution “A agent” containing glucose and a pH adjuster, and a powder “B agent” made of sodium bicarbonate sodium bicarbonate. It has a configuration.
[0003]
However, these two-part dialysis preparations are used by mixing two parts at the time of use, so that the operation is complicated, and the size of the polyethylene container filled with the concentrated agent A is large. (About 5 to 15 L) and its weight, the transportation cost, the storage space in the hospital, the disposal method after use, and the like are problems.
[0004]
As a means for solving these problems, pulverization of the agent A has been considered (for example, JP-A-6-105906) and has been formulated. However, even if it is a powder dialysis agent, it is divided into two agents, A and B as well as liquid, or A is further divided into two components of electrolyte component and glucose (“A-1”, “A-2”) Since it is a three-part formulation, there is no change in diluting and mixing at the time of use.
[0005]
Therefore, recently, in order to further simplify, development of single-part powder dialysis of agent A and agent B is in progress. However, glucose is easily decomposed and colored by heat and alkali. Sodium bicarbonate is also known to decompose with moisture, heat and acid. From these facts, making powder into one agent has problems in terms of blending change between components and stability, and it is very difficult to make a preparation. Therefore, various forms of preparations are considered for making into a single agent.
[0006]
For example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-80345 discloses a layered preparation in which sodium chloride, which is chemically stable between substances that cause a chemical reaction when directly contacted, is used as a buffer layer so as not to affect each other. is there. Since such a preparation is non-uniform, it becomes a batch dissolution in which a single bag is dissolved in a certain amount of water, and cannot be continuously dissolved. Therefore, a dissolution apparatus equipped with a large-capacity dissolution tank is required.
[0007]
As in JP-A-8-92071, in a granulated product having a structure in which an inner layer and an outer layer are sequentially laminated on granules (core), the preparation is uniform and can be continuously dissolved, but the manufacturing process is complicated. It costs money and is not realistic.
[0008]
The dry dialysate composition (pellet) of Japanese Patent No. 2948315 is colored during storage.
[0009]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to provide a preparation and a production method that can suppress coloration during storage and can be stably stored for a long period of time in a powder dialysis agent containing butter sugar and sodium bicarbonate.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive research to solve the above problems, in powder dialysis agents containing butter sugar and sodium bicarbonate, the entire powder dialysis agent or at least one component of glucose, sodium chloride and sodium bicarbonate is dried. It has been found that coloring can be suppressed.
[0011]
That is, the present invention provides a powder dialysis agent containing butter sugar and sodium bicarbonate, wherein the whole powder dialysis agent or at least one component of glucose, sodium chloride and sodium bicarbonate is dried. And a method for producing a powder dialysis agent.
[0012]
The electrolyte composition of the present invention can be used without particular limitation on substances conventionally used in dialysate, such as sodium chloride, potassium chloride, magnesium chloride, calcium chloride, citric acid, citrate, acetic acid. Sodium, potassium acetate, sodium lactate, potassium lactate, calcium lactate, sodium hydrogen carbonate and the like are used. Preferred electrolyte compositions are sodium chloride, potassium chloride, magnesium chloride, sodium acetate, and sodium bicarbonate.
[0013]
These electrolyte substances may have water of crystallization or may be anhydrides, but anhydrides are more preferable.
[0014]
The blending amount of each component of the dialysate is preferably the following concentration when diluted and mixed to an appropriate concentration.
Na + 130-145 mEq / L
K + 2.0 to 3.5 mEq / L
Ca ++ 2.5-3.8 mEq / L
Mg ++ 1.0-1.5mEq / L
Cl − 90 to 115 mEq / L
HCO 3 - 25~30mEq / L
Acetate ion 6-40mEq / L
Glucose 0.5-2.0 g / L
[0015]
As the pH adjuster, acetic acid, lactic acid, hydrochloric acid, citric acid, carbon dioxide gas, sodium hydroxide and the like are used.
[0016]
Citric acid is also used as a precipitation inhibitor, and sodium citrate, glycylglycine, or the like may be used.
[0017]
The method for producing a dialysis preparation of the present invention is characterized in that the whole powder dialysis agent or at least one component of glucose, sodium chloride and sodium bicarbonate is dried.
[0018]
In the present invention, it is most desirable to mix all the components to be mixed in a dry state. However, after mixing, a drying treatment may be performed, and sodium chloride, sodium bicarbonate, and glucose contained in a relatively large amount. One component or two or more components may be dried.
[0019]
Drying methods include drying under reduced pressure, drying with a drying agent (sulfuric acid, silica gel, diphosphorus pentoxide, etc.), heat drying, and the like. However, some components may be decomposed by a drying method, and it is necessary to select a suitable method.
[0020]
Further, the drying condition may be a condition such that the moisture content of each component to be dried is 0.12% or less, and in the vacuum drying, it may be dried when the vacuum control is not effective. .
[0021]
The container packaging material of the present invention preferably prevents permeation of water vapor and carbon dioxide, and for example, it is desirable to use a material having a moisture permeability (40 ° C., 90% RH) of 1.0 g / cm 2 · 24 hr or less. Examples of the material include PET / aluminum oxide / nylon, PET / SiOx / CPP, PET / SiOx / nylon / CPP, and OPP / SiOx / CPP.
[0022]
【Example】
Next, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples.
[0023]
(Example 1 : Reference Example ) The powder dialysate prepared by mixing the raw materials shown in Table 1 was dried under reduced pressure (drying conditions; vacuum drying, 25 ° C., 165 hours) (Test Example 1). Moreover, after preparing the 10 times concentrated liquid of Table 1, it was freeze-dried (drying conditions; preliminary freezing-45 degreeC, 12 hours, primary drying 0 degreeC, 72 hours, secondary drying 25 degreeC, 12 hours) (test example) 2). These were filled in a moisture-proof packaging material (aluminum oxide vapor-deposited PET laminated film / made by Hosokawa Yoko Co., Ltd.), then sealed and further double-wrapped with the same packaging material.
[0024]
[Table 1]
[0025]
The stability at 25 ° C. and 60% RH was compared. The results are shown in Table 2. None of the specimens were colored.
[0026]
[Table 2]
[0027]
(Example 2) 6.14 g of sodium chloride was dried under reduced pressure (drying conditions; vacuum drying at 25 ° C., 165 hours), and then mixed with other components shown in Table 3 to prepare a powder dialysis agent (Test Example 3). ). Similarly, 6.14 g of sodium chloride and 1.00 g of glucose were dried under reduced pressure and mixed with the other components shown in Table 3 to prepare a powder dialysate (Test Example 4). Similarly, 6.14 g of sodium chloride, 1.00 g of glucose and 2.10 g of sodium bicarbonate were dried under reduced pressure and mixed with the other components shown in Table 3 to prepare a powder dialysate (Test Example 5). On the other hand, 6.14 g of sodium chloride was dried by heating (drying conditions; 600 ° C., 1 hour) and mixed with other components shown in Table 3 to prepare a powder dialysate (Test Example 6). These powder dialysis agents were filled in a moisture-proof packaging material (manufactured by Hosokawa Yoko Co., Ltd.), then sealed and further double-packed with the same packaging material.
[0028]
[Table 3]
[0029]
The stability of these powder dialysis agents at 25 ° C. and 60% RH was compared. The results are shown in Table 4. None of the specimens were colored.
[0030]
[Table 4]
[0031]
(Example 3 : Reference Example ) A powder dialysis agent prepared by mixing the raw materials shown in Table 1 was dried under reduced pressure (drying conditions; vacuum drying 25 ° C., 165 hours) (Test Example 7). Moreover, after preparing the 10 times concentrated liquid of Table 1, it was freeze-dried (drying conditions; preliminary freezing-45 degreeC, 12 hours, primary drying 0 degreeC, 72 hours, secondary drying 25 degreeC, 12 hours) (test example) 8). These were filled in a moisture-proof packaging material (manufactured by Hosokawa Yoko Co., Ltd.), then sealed, and further double-packed with the same packaging material. In addition, these were also filled into vials. On the other hand, a powder dialysis agent mixed without performing a drying treatment, similarly filled and packaged in a moisture-proof packaging material, and a powder dialysis agent similarly filled in a vial were used as comparative examples.
[0032]
The stability at 40 ° C. and 75% RH was compared with Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 without drying treatment, respectively. The results are shown in Table 5. As apparent from Table 5, coloring was suppressed by the drying treatment.
[0033]
[Table 5]
[0034]
(Example 4) 6.14 g of sodium chloride was dried under reduced pressure (drying conditions; vacuum drying 25 ° C., 165 hours), and then mixed with the other components shown in Table 3 to prepare a powder dialysate (Test Example 9). ). Similarly, 6.14 g of sodium chloride and 1.00 g of glucose were dried under reduced pressure and mixed with the other components shown in Table 3 to prepare a powder dialysate (Test Example 10). Similarly, 6.14 g of sodium chloride, 1.00 g of glucose and 2.10 g of sodium hydrogen carbonate were dried under reduced pressure and mixed with the other components shown in Table 3 to prepare a powder dialysate (Test Example 11). On the other hand, 6.14 g of sodium chloride was heated and dried (drying conditions; 600 ° C., 1 hour), and then mixed with the other components shown in Table 3 to prepare a powder dialysate (Test Example 12). These were filled in a moisture-proof packaging material (manufactured by Hosokawa Yoko Co., Ltd.), then sealed, and further double-wrapped with the same packaging material. In addition, these were also filled into vials. On the other hand, a powder dialysis agent mixed without performing a drying treatment, similarly filled and packaged in a moisture-proof packaging material, and a powder dialysis agent similarly filled in a vial were used as comparative examples.
[0035]
The stability of these powder dialysis agents at 40 ° C. and 75% RH was compared with Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 without drying treatment, respectively. The results are shown in Table 6. Coloring was suppressed by the drying treatment.
[0036]
[Table 6]
[0037]
(Example 5) 6.14 g of sodium chloride was dried under reduced pressure (drying conditions; vacuum drying at 25 ° C., 165 hours), and then mixed with other components shown in Table 3 to prepare a powder dialysate (Test Example 13). ). Similarly, 6.14 g of sodium chloride and 1.00 g of glucose were dried under reduced pressure and mixed with the other components shown in Table 3 to prepare a powder dialysate (Test Example 14). Similarly, 6.14 g of sodium chloride, 1.00 g of glucose and 210 g of sodium hydrogen carbonate were dried under reduced pressure and mixed with the other ingredients shown in Table 3 to prepare a powder dialysate (Test Example 15). On the other hand, 6.14 g of sodium chloride was heated and dried (drying conditions; 600 ° C., 1 hour), and then mixed with the other components shown in Table 3 to prepare a powder dialysate (Test Example 16). These were filled into vials.
[0038]
The stability of these powder dialysates at 60 ° C. and 30% RH was compared with a powder dialysate (comparative example) that was mixed without drying and similarly filled in a vial. The results are shown in Table 7. Coloring was suppressed by the drying treatment.
[0039]
[Table 7]
[0040]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the preparation for dialysis and the method for producing the same according to the present invention is a powder dialysis agent containing butter sugar and sodium hydrogencarbonate, or the whole powder dialysis agent or at least one component of glucose, sodium chloride and sodium bicarbonate. By being dried, there is an advantage that coloring during storage can be suppressed and storage can be stably performed over a long period of time.
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| JP5918058B2 (en) * | 2011-07-29 | 2016-05-18 | 日機装株式会社 | Dialysis agent and method for producing dialysis agent |
| WO2014104230A1 (en) | 2012-12-27 | 2014-07-03 | 日機装株式会社 | Dialysis agent, and method for producing dialysis agent |
| JP5548300B1 (en) * | 2012-12-27 | 2014-07-16 | 日機装株式会社 | Dialysis agent and method for producing dialysis agent |
| JP5550778B1 (en) * | 2012-12-27 | 2014-07-16 | 日機装株式会社 | Dialysis agent and method for producing dialysis agent |
| JP5548301B1 (en) * | 2012-12-27 | 2014-07-16 | 日機装株式会社 | Dialysis agent and method for producing dialysis agent |
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