JP4268785B2 - Calcium absorption promoter and calcium phosphate crystal growth promoter - Google Patents
Calcium absorption promoter and calcium phosphate crystal growth promoter Download PDFInfo
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- JP4268785B2 JP4268785B2 JP2002109199A JP2002109199A JP4268785B2 JP 4268785 B2 JP4268785 B2 JP 4268785B2 JP 2002109199 A JP2002109199 A JP 2002109199A JP 2002109199 A JP2002109199 A JP 2002109199A JP 4268785 B2 JP4268785 B2 JP 4268785B2
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- calcium
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- crystal growth
- ifo
- phosphate crystal
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- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 title claims description 34
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Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、乳酸菌培養物の新規な用途に関し、より具体的には、乳酸菌から得られるカルシウム結晶化抑制作用を有する培養物を有効成分とするカルシウム吸収促進剤及びリン酸カルシウム結晶成長促進剤に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
人体を構成する無機質の中で最も多く存在するのはカルシウムといわれており、その99%が骨や歯の構成に利用されており、残りの1%は各種酵素の活性の発現や筋肉の収縮、細胞の興奮の沈静あるいは血液凝固作用等の生命活動にとって重要な役割を演じている。
【0003】
このように重要なカルシウムではあるが、その摂取量を見てみれば、日本人に必要とされる所要量は成人1日当たり600mgといわれているが、厚生省保健医療局による平成10年国民栄養調査結果報告によれば、実際の摂取量は568mgと必要量を下回っているのが実状である。カルシウムの摂取不足は、骨粗鬆症、高血圧等の重大な疾病を引き起こすことが知られており、社会的問題となっている。さらに、食物として胃腸管内に摂取されたカルシウムは、複雑な機構で腸管から血液内に吸収されるが、カルシウム塩やカルシウム剤の腸管内における吸収率は50%以下であり、半分以上が吸収されずに体外に排出されるという報告もある。そのため、腸管内でのカルシウムの吸収性を高める物質の開発も行われている。
【0004】
その1つとして、カゼインホスホペプチド(CPP)が開発されている。CPPは、カゼインにトリプシンを作用させ、加水分解した分解物中に得られるホスホペプチドであり、カルシウムと結合して可溶性複合体を形成する。この為、水溶液中でカルシウムが沈殿するのを抑制することでカルシウムを可溶化し、カルシウムの吸収率を高めると考えられている(ジャパンフードサイエンス、第1巻、21〜32頁[1990年];特開昭58−170440号公報;特開平7−241172号公報)。しかしながら、CPPは、カゼインの酵素分解物であるため、原料であるカゼインを酵素反応させる必要があり、また酵素分解の副産物であるペプチドが苦味を呈するため、飲食品へ混合する場合にはこの苦味ペプチドを十分に分離する必要がある等幾つかの問題点を有しており、また価格も大変高価である。
【0005】
ポリ−L−グルタミン酸も腸管内でカルシウムの吸収率を高める作用(Biosci. Biotech. Biochem.、第58巻、1662〜1665頁[1994年])を有することが知られているが、これは合成品であるため食品添加物として許可されておらず、安全性等のため利用されていない。また、微生物により産生されるポリ−γ−グルタミン酸(特開平3−30648号公報)は、カルシウム結晶化抑制活性が低く、かつ溶液の粘度が極めて高いため、取扱いが不便である。
【0006】
また、カルシウムの吸収を促進する物質としては、骨由来のペプチド(特開平4−16165号公報)、酪酸を基本成分とするもの(特開平4−108360号公報)があるが、これらは 製造上並びに利用上の問題があり実用化には至っていない。
【0007】
さらに、本発明者らは、南極のヴァンダ湖に生息している細菌の菌体から得られるタンパク質がカルシウム結晶化を抑制し、これによりカルシウムの吸収を促進する効果を有することを見出したが実用化には至っていない(特開2000−239180号公報)。
【0008】
ところで、ヒトの歯エナメル質は、リン酸カルシウムで構成されているハイドロキシアパタイトの結晶である。ヒト口腔内ではエナメル質のリン酸カルシウムが溶解する脱灰(初期の虫歯)と、元通りに結晶化する再石灰化現象が起り、安定な状態を保っている。しかし、歯の表面に虫歯菌が付着し、プラークと酸を産生すると、脱灰がさらに進み虫歯となる。虫歯予防を目的として、初期の虫歯を修復するために再石灰化を促進する新規食品素材の開発が待たれている。
【0009】
特開平10−158178号公報には、ラクトバチルス及び/又はストレプトコッカスに属する乳酸菌を用いた発酵物がミネラル吸収促進剤としての作用を有することが開示されている。しかしながら、この発酵物は単にカルシウムの吸収を促進する効果のみを有しており、リン酸カルシウム結晶成長を促進する効果を併せ持つことについては述べられていない。
【0010】
【発明の解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、上記従来技術の問題点を解決し、カルシウムの腸管内での結晶化を抑制することでその吸収を促進すると共に、骨や歯のリン酸カルシウム結晶成長をも促進することで、初期の虫歯や骨粗鬆症を予防するカルシウム吸収促進/リン酸カルシウム結晶成長促進剤の提供を目的とするものである。
【0011】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは上記課題を解決する為に鋭意研究を重ねた結果、Lactococcus属、Lactobacillus brevis IFO 13110株、Lactobacillus rhamnosus IFO 12521株、Lactobacillus casei Subsp. casei JCM 1134株、Enterococcus属、Streptococcus salivarius IFO 13957株、からなる群より選択される1種または2種以上の乳酸菌の培養物及び/または菌体外培養物から抽出されたタンパク質が、カルシウム結晶化抑制作用とリン酸カルシウム結晶成長促進作用との双方を有するタンパク質を有効成分とすることを見出し、その知見に基づいて本発明を完成させた。従って、腸管内でのカルシウムの吸収を促進すると共に骨や歯においてのリン酸カルシウム結晶成長を促進するカルシウム吸収促進/リン酸カルシウム結晶成長促進剤を提供することが可能となった。
【0012】
【0013】
また、本発明は、Lactococcus属、Lactobacillus属、Enterococcus属、Streptococcus属からなる群より選択される1種または2種以上の乳酸菌の培養物及び/又は菌体外培養物を有効成分とするリン酸カルシウム結晶成長促進剤を提供する。
【0014】
【0015】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明を詳細に説明すれば、本発明者らは、カルシウムが多く含まれている醗酵バターやチーズから分離されるLactococcus属、Lactobacillus属、Enterococcus属、Streptococcus属の乳酸菌に、カルシウム結晶化抑制作用を有することを確認した。これらの乳酸菌の中でも特に、Lactococcus lactis 、Lactobacillus acidophilus 、Lactobacillus brevis 、Lactobacillus delbrueckii 、Lactobacillus helveticus 、Lactobacillus phamnosus 、Enterococcus durans 、Streptococcus salivarius 、Lactobacillus casei は、強いカルシウム結晶化抑制作用を持つ乳酸菌であり好ましい菌であった。
【0016】
本発明において、乳酸菌から得られる培養物を調製する方法としては、上記乳酸菌をIFO(財団法人発酵研究所)指定の803培地や804培地等で前培養し、その後0.1%(W/V)CaCl2を含むYeast Peptone(YP)培地、Acetate(AM)培地、或いはLactobacillus(NEW)培地で、30℃または37℃で定常期になるまで培養し培養物を得、それをさらに遠心分離することにより菌体と培養上清液とに分離した。
【0017】
菌体外培養物を得る方法は、一般に行われている方法を適宜使用することができるが、本発明では上記培養上清液を0.45μmのフィルターで吸引濾過し、濾液を限外濾過またはポリエチレングリコール(PEG 20,000)を用いて濃縮し、その後蒸留水に対して3回透析を行う方法で処理して行った。
【0018】
菌体内培養物を得る方法についても、一般に行われている菌体破砕方法等を用いることで調製できる。例えば、フレンチプレスやX−プレス等の加圧型細胞破壊装置を用いる方法、ボールミルやダイノーミル等を用いる機械的磨砕法、超音波処理法、ホモジナイザーを用いる方法、凍結融解法、浸透圧処理法、リゾチウム等を用いる酵素処理法が挙げられるが、それらを組み合わせることもできる。本発明では、カルシウム結晶化抑制作用を有する乳酸菌の培養物の有効成分がタンパク質であると考えられるので、タンパク質の安定性、抽出効率を考慮すれば、加圧型細胞破壊、機械的磨砕、超音波処理、ホモジナイザー等の物理的破砕方法を用いることが好ましい。上記菌体内培養物は、必要に応じて硫酸プロタミンやストレプトマイシン硫酸塩等により核酸を除去してもよい。さらに、培養物は、必要に応じて硫酸アンモニウム等の塩析やエタノール等による有機溶剤による沈殿、等電点沈殿法による分画、イオン交換、吸着、ゲル濾過、疎水、もしくはアフィニティー等のクロマトグラフィーを用いて精製したり、透析や濃縮過程を施しても良い。
【0019】
[表1]乃至[表5]に、本発明で使用した803培地、804培地、YP(イースト・ペプトン:Yeast Peptone)培地、AM(アセテート:Acetate)培地及びNEW(ラクトバチルス:Lactobacillus)培地の組成を示した。
【0020】
【表1】
【0021】
【表2】
【0022】
【表3】
【0023】
【表4】
【0024】
【表5】
【0025】
上記の方法によって得られた本発明の乳酸菌の培養物は、0.5〜10.0μg/mlのタンパク質濃度でカルシウムの結晶化を抑制し、更にリン酸カルシウムの結晶成長を促進することが認められたので、カルシウム吸収促進剤のみならず、リン酸カルシウムの結晶成長促進剤として有用であることが判明した。
【0026】
その結果、本発明の乳酸菌の培養物は、カルシウムの吸収促進を目的として骨粗鬆症の予防や治療に使用したり、リン酸カルシウムの結晶成長を目的として歯の再石灰化を促進して初期の虫歯の予防や治療に使用することができる。
【0027】
本発明のカルシウム吸収促進剤及びリン酸カルシウム結晶成長剤は、上記方法で調製した培養物をそのまま使用してもよいが、一般には適当な液体担体に溶解するかもしくは分散させ、または適当な粉末担体と混合するかもしくはこれに吸着させ、所望する場合には さらにこれらに乳化剤、分散剤、懸濁剤、展着剤、漫透剤、湿潤剤、安定剤等を添加し、液剤、注射剤、カプセル剤、錠剤、粉剤等の製剤の形で、カルシウムの吸収促進剤として、或いはリン酸カルシウムの結晶成長剤として使用することができる。
【0028】
【0029】
【0030】
【0031】
本発明のカルシウム吸収促進剤の有効量としては、一概に規定することは困難であるが、経口的に摂取する場合には特に制限はなく、腸管内においてカルシウムの吸収促進効果を発揮するには、0.08mg/kg/日以上が適当であり、望ましくは0.1〜100mg/kg/日である。
【0032】
また、リン酸カルシウム結晶成長促進を目的とし、歯の再石灰化を促進する場合も同様に、0.01〜100mg/kg/日で摂取するのが好ましい。
【0033】
【実施例】
以下に実施例及び試験例を示し、本発明をさらに詳細に説明する。
[実施例1]
Lactococcus lactis IFO 3427株培養物(1)の調製
Lactococcus lactis IFO 3427株は、IFO指定の804培地で30℃、48時間静置で前培養し、YP培地(5l)で30℃、定常期になるまで本培養した。菌体を除去し、培養上清を0.45μmのフィルターで吸引濾過し、その後限外濾過で200mlになるまで濃縮し、蒸留水に対して4℃で3回透析し、Lactococcus lactis IFO 3427株培養物(1)24.3mgを得た。
【0034】
[実施例2]
Lactococcus lactis IFO 3427株培養物(2)の調製
実施例1で示す方法により得られたLactococcus lactis IFO 3427株培養物(1)の溶液をスーパーQトヨパール(SuperQ−TOYOPEAL 650M(東ソー社))の陰イオンクロマトグラフィー(2.6×20cm)にて分画し、得られた活性画分をさらにスーパーロース12(Superose 12(アマシャム社製))ゲル濾過クロマトグラフィー(1.6×60cm)にて分画し、得られた活性画分をLactococcus lactis IFO 3427株培養物(2)とした。SDS−ポリアクリルアミドゲル電気泳動により分子量は34,000であることがわかった。
【0035】
[実施例3]
Lactobacillus rhamnosus IFO 12521株培養物(3)の調製
実施例1で示す方法で、Lactobacillus rhamnosus IFO 12521株を、IFO指定の804培地で30℃、48時間静置で前培養し、AM培地(5l)で30℃、定常期になるまで本培養した。菌体を集菌し、10mMのトリス−塩酸緩衝液(pH8.7)で2回洗浄し、約2倍量の0.5MのEDTA(pH8.0)水溶液中に懸濁させ、超音波破砕で30秒サイクルで10分間破砕した。その後、上澄みを4℃の蒸留水で透析し、Lactobacillus rhamnosus IFO 12521株培養物(3)とした。
【0036】
[試験例1]
カルシウム結晶化抑制効果の測定
まず、腸管内でのカルシウム濃度を高めてカルシウムの吸収性を高めるために、カルシウム結晶化抑制物質の検討を行った。
【0037】
炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液(NaHCO3水溶液)と塩化カルシウム水溶液(CaCl2水溶液)の反応からCaCO3が析出する反応(NaHCO3 + CaCl2 → CaCO3 + HCl + NaCl)を利用して、カルシウム結晶化抑制効果を判定した(Biochem.Biophys.Res.Comm.、110(1)、p69〜74、1983年)。
【0038】
すなわち、20mM、pH8.7に調整した炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液(1.5ml)に、Lactococcus lactis IFO 3427株培養物(1)を30μl添加し、スターラーで良く攪拌した。その後、20mM、pH8.7に調整した塩化カルシウム水溶液(1.5ml)を添加し、25℃において反応させた。反応過程中、波長570nmにおける吸光度を経時的に測定した。その結果を図1に示す。
【0039】
コントロール(蒸留水)を添加した場合、約200秒迄に急激な吸光度の上昇が観察され、約250秒後に最大値を示し、反応が完了した。一方、Lactococcus lactis IFO 3427株培養物(1)(最終タンパク質濃度0.8μg/ml)を添加した場合、吸光度の上昇が認められず、完全にカルシウムの結晶化を抑制した。
【0040】
また、この抽出物をプロテイナーゼK(Proteinase K)で処理すると、カルシウム結晶化抑制活性の低下が認められたことから、活性の中心はタンパク質であると推定された。
【0041】
[試験例2]
各種乳酸菌培養物のカルシウム結晶化抑制効果の比較
試験例1の結果をもとに、次に示す[式1]により、反応200秒後の吸光度から阻害率を算出し、YP培地、AM培地及びNEW培地で培養した各種乳酸菌を実施例1または実施例3の抽出方法に準じ、調製した培養物(最終タンパク質濃度が0.8μg/ml)のカルシウム結晶化抑制効果の比較試験を実施した。その結果を[表6]に示す。
【0042】
【数1】
【0043】
【表6】
【0044】
この結果より、YP培地により培養された Lactococcus lactis IFO 3427の菌体外培養物に特に強い効果が認められた。
【0045】
[試験例3]
各種微生物培養物のカルシウム結晶化抑制効果の比較
試験例2の方法に準じ、本発明の乳酸菌Lactococcus lactis IFO 3427(YP培地,菌体外)、Lactobacillus helveticus IFO 15019(AM培地,菌体外)、Streptococcus salivarius IFO 13957(YP培地,菌体外)、既にカルシウム結晶化抑制作用があることが知られている本発明者等が特開2000−239181号公報に記載している南極由来の細菌及び酵母の培養物について、カルシウム結晶化抑制効果を比較検討した。その結果を[表7]に示す。
【0046】
【表7】
【0047】
この結果でも判かるように、本発明の乳酸菌の培養物のカルシウム結晶化抑制効果が従来公知のものより顕著に優れていることから、これら乳酸菌から得られるタンパク質もカルシウム結晶化抑制効果を有する新規なタンパク質であると予想される。
【0048】
[試験例4]
Lactococcus lactis IFO 3427の菌体外培養物の性状
そこで、本発明のLactococcus lactis IFO 3427の菌体外培養物の性状について検討した。その結果を[表8]に示す。
【0049】
【表8】
【0050】
供試した乳酸菌培養物を、Proteinase Kで処理すると、カルシウム結晶化抑制効果の低下が認められたことより、カルシウム結晶化抑制物質はタンパク質であると推定される。
【0051】
[試験例5]
他の物質とのカルシウム結晶化抑制効果の比較
次に、Lactococcus lactis IFO 3427株培養物(1)(0.8μg/ml)と他の物質、すなわち カゼインホスホペプチド(CPP III)(2.0μg/ml)、ポリ−L−グルタミン酸(2.0μg/ml)、ポリ−γ−グルタミン酸(2.0μg/ml)、EDTA:エチレンジアミン四酢酸(1.5×10−4M)、クエン酸(0.4×10−4M)、ホスビチン(15μg/ml)、ヘパリン(15μg/ml)、コンドロイチン硫酸C(15μg/ml)、アルブミン(10μg/ml)、ラクトフェリン(10μg/ml)、リパーゼ(10μg/ml)、トリプシノーゲン(10μg/ml)、α−キモトリプシノーゲンA(10μg/ml)、α−アミラーゼ(10μg/ml)、エステラーゼ(10μg/ml)についてカルシウム結晶化抑制効果を比較検討した。その結果を[表9]に示す。
【0052】
【表9】
【0053】
[表9]に示すように、実施例1の方法に準じ調製したLactococcus lactis IFO 3427株培養物(1)(最終タンパク質濃度0.8μg/ml)を添加した場合、結晶化阻害率は100%であり、他の物質と比較してみると、カルシウム可溶化剤として知られるカゼインホスホペプチド(CPP III)で62.8%、ポリ−L−グルタミン酸(シグマ社製;No.P−4886、ナトリウム塩)で59.4%、納豆より抽出しエタノール沈殿して精製されたポリ−γ−グルタミン酸で49.0%の阻害率であった。EDTAやクエン酸のようなキレート剤ではそれぞれ14.4%と24.5%の阻害率であり、また、炭酸カルシウムの結晶化を阻害すると報告されているホスビチンは30.1%の阻害率であった。その他、リンタンパク質や酵素類を添加しても大きな結晶化阻害効果は観察されなかった。本発明のLactococcus lactis IFO 3427株より抽出したタンパク質(1)は低濃度で著しくカルシウムの結晶化を阻害した。
【0054】
[試験例6]
リン酸カルシウム結晶成長促進効果の比較
次に、各種培地で培養した各種乳酸菌を実施例2の方法に準じ、調製した培養物(2)のリン酸カルシウム結晶成長に対する影響について検討した。反応試験は、第二リン酸カルシウム(DCPD)6mgに、0.05Mイミダゾール緩衝液(pH7.0)で希釈した実施例2の方法に準じ調製した培養物(2)を1.5ml添加し、37℃で24時間攪拌することで実施した。尚、ブランクには上記イミダゾール緩衝液を用いた。0時間と24時間後の反応溶液を0.45μmのフィルターで濾過し、濾液のリン酸含有量をホスファC−テストワコーで測定し、リン酸カルシウム結晶成長促進作用率を求めた。その結果を、[表10]に示す。結果は、ブランクとの相対活性で求めた。
【0055】
【表10】
【0056】
本発明の乳酸菌の培養物は、いずれも強いリン酸カルシウム結晶成長促進作用を示した。
【0057】
比較的リン酸カルシウム結晶成長促進作用を持つホスビチン、アルブミン、ラクトフェリン、リパーゼ、トリプシノーゲンと比較しても、Lactococcus lactisIFO 3427株培養物(2)は約2倍の効果であった。
【0058】
下記に、本発明のカルシウム吸収促進剤及びリン酸カルシウム結晶成長促進剤の実施例を記載する。なお、配合量は重量%で記載した。
【0059】
【0060】
【0061】
【0062】
【0063】
【0064】
【0065】
【0066】
【0067】
【0068】
【0069】
【0070】
【0071】
【0072】
【0073】
【0074】
【0075】
[実施例12]
下記の処方にしたがってカプセル剤を調製した。
【0076】
【表19】
【0077】
上記成分を均一に混合し、その混合末をハードカプセルに充填した。
【0078】
[実施例13]
下記の処方にしたがって注射剤を調製した。
【0079】
【表20】
【0080】
上記混合溶液をメンブランフィルターで濾過後に再び除菌濾過を行い、その濾過液を無菌的にバイアルに分注し、窒素ガスを充填した後、密封して注射剤とした。
【0081】
[実施例14]
下記の処方にしたがって錠剤を調製した。
【0082】
【表21】
【0083】
上記成分を均一に混合し、その混合末を打錠して、1錠200mgの錠剤とした。
【0084】
直打用微粒No.209(メタケイ酸アルミン酸マグネシウム20%、トウモロコシデンプン30%、乳糖50%)
【0085】
[実施例15]
下記の処方にしたがってシロップ剤を調製した。
【0086】
【表22】
【0087】
抽出タンパク質(3)を、精製水で完全に溶解し、単シロップを加えて混合し、シロップ剤とした。
【0088】
【0089】
【0090】
【0091】
【0092】
【0093】
【0094】
【0095】
【0096】
【0097】
【0098】
【0099】
【0100】
【0101】
【0102】
【0103】
【0104】
【0105】
【0106】
【0107】
【0108】
【0109】
[実施例26]
下記の処方にしたがってカプセル剤を調製した。
【0110】
【表33】
【0111】
上記成分を均一に混合し、その混合末をハードカプセルに充填した。
【0112】
[実施例27]
下記の処方にしたがって注射剤を調製した。
【0113】
【表34】
【0114】
上記混合溶液をメンブランフィルターで濾過後に再び除菌濾過を行い、その濾過液を無菌的にバイアルに分注し、窒素ガスを充填した後、密封して注射剤とした。
【0115】
[実施例28]
下記の処方にしたがって錠剤を調製した。
【0116】
【表35】
【0117】
上記成分を均一に混合し、その混合末を打錠して、1錠200mgの錠剤とした。
【0118】
直打用微粒No.209(メタケイ酸アルミン酸マグネシウム20%、トウモロコシデンプン30%、乳糖50%)
【0119】
[実施例29]
下記の処方にしたがってシロップ剤を調製した。
【0120】
【表36】
【0121】
抽出タンパク質(3)を、精製水で完全に溶解し、単シロップを加えて混合し、シロップ剤とした。
【0122】
【発明の効果】
本発明の乳酸菌の培養物は、カルシウム吸収促進作用及びリン酸カルシウム結晶成長促進作用が、従来技術で知られている物質と比較して顕著に優れており、更に、乳製品に広く利用されている乳酸菌由来物質であるので安全性も極めて高い。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 カルシウム結晶化に対するLactococcus lactis IFO 3427株培養物(1)(最終タンパク質濃度0.8μg/ml)の影響を検討したグラフである。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a novel use of lactic acid bacteria culture, and more specifically relates to a calcium absorption enhancer and calcium phosphate crystal growth promoter as an active ingredient a culture having calcium crystallization inhibiting effect obtained from lactic acid bacteria.
[0002]
[Prior art]
It is said that calcium is the most abundant mineral in the human body, 99% of which is used for the structure of bones and teeth, and the remaining 1% is the expression of various enzyme activities and muscle contraction. It plays an important role in vital activities such as calming of cell excitement or blood coagulation.
[0003]
Although it is such an important calcium, if you look at its intake, it is said that the required amount for Japanese is 600 mg per day for adults, but the 1998 National Nutrition Survey by the Health and Medical Bureau, Ministry of Health and Welfare According to the results report, the actual intake is 568 mg, which is lower than the necessary amount. Insufficient intake of calcium is known to cause serious diseases such as osteoporosis and hypertension, and is a social problem. Furthermore, calcium taken into the gastrointestinal tract as food is absorbed into the blood from the intestinal tract by a complex mechanism, but the absorption rate of calcium salts and calcium agents in the intestinal tract is 50% or less, and more than half is absorbed. There is also a report that it is discharged outside the body. Therefore, the development of substances that enhance the absorption of calcium in the intestinal tract has been carried out.
[0004]
As one of them, casein phosphopeptide (CPP) has been developed. CPP is a phosphopeptide obtained by reacting casein with trypsin and hydrolyzed, and binds calcium to form a soluble complex. For this reason, it is thought that by suppressing the precipitation of calcium in an aqueous solution, the calcium is solubilized and the absorption rate of calcium is increased (Japan Food Science, Vol. 1, pages 21-32 [1990]). JP-A-58-170440; JP-A-7-241172). However, since CPP is an enzyme degradation product of casein, it is necessary to subject the casein, which is a raw material, to an enzymatic reaction, and the peptide, which is a byproduct of enzymatic degradation, has a bitter taste. It has several problems such as the need to sufficiently separate peptides, and the price is very expensive.
[0005]
Poly-L-glutamic acid is also known to have an action of increasing the absorption rate of calcium in the intestinal tract (Biosci. Biotech. Biochem., 58, 1662-1665 [1994]). Because it is a product, it is not permitted as a food additive and is not used for safety. In addition, poly-γ-glutamic acid produced by microorganisms (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-30648) is inconvenient to handle because of its low calcium crystallization inhibitory activity and extremely high solution viscosity.
[0006]
In addition, examples of substances that promote calcium absorption include bone-derived peptides (JP-A-4-16165) and those containing butyric acid as a basic component (JP-A-4-108360). In addition, there are problems in use and it has not been put into practical use.
[0007]
Furthermore, the present inventors have found that a protein obtained from bacterial cells living in Lake Vanda in Antarctica has an effect of suppressing calcium crystallization and thereby promoting absorption of calcium. It has not yet been achieved (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-239180).
[0008]
By the way, human tooth enamel is a hydroxyapatite crystal composed of calcium phosphate. In the human oral cavity, demineralization (early decayed teeth) in which enamel calcium phosphate dissolves and remineralization phenomenon that crystallizes back to the original state occur, thus maintaining a stable state. However, if caries bacteria adhere to the tooth surface and produce plaque and acid, decalcification proceeds further and caries becomes caries. Development of a new food material that promotes remineralization to restore early caries is awaited for the purpose of preventing caries.
[0009]
JP-A-10-158178 discloses that a fermented product using lactic acid bacteria belonging to Lactobacillus and / or Streptococcus has an action as a mineral absorption promoter. However, this fermented product has only an effect of promoting calcium absorption, and it is not described that it also has an effect of promoting calcium phosphate crystal growth.
[0010]
[Problem to be Solved by the Invention]
The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems of the prior art and promotes its absorption by suppressing the crystallization of calcium in the intestinal tract, and also promotes the growth of calcium phosphate crystals in bones and teeth. The object is to provide a calcium absorption promoting / calcium phosphate crystal growth promoting agent for preventing dental caries and osteoporosis.
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems, the present inventors have found that the genus Lactococcus, Lactobacillus brevis IFO 13110, Lactobacillus rhamnosus IFO 12521, Lactobacillus casei Subsp. Case 1 JCM 1134 strain, Enterococcus genus, Streptococcus salivarius IFO 13957 strain selected from the group consisting of one or more lactic acid bacteria cultures and / or extracellular cultures, proteins extracted from calcium crystallization It has been found that a protein having both an inhibitory action and a calcium phosphate crystal growth promoting action is used as an active ingredient, and the present invention has been completed based on the findings. Therefore, it has become possible to provide a calcium absorption promotion / calcium phosphate crystal growth promoter that promotes calcium absorption in the intestine and promotes calcium phosphate crystal growth in bones and teeth.
[0012]
[0013]
The present invention also provides a calcium phosphate crystal comprising as an active ingredient a culture and / or an extracellular culture of one or more lactic acid bacteria selected from the group consisting of Lactococcus, Lactobacillus, Enterococcus, and Streptococcus. Provide growth promoters.
[0014]
[0015]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention will be described in detail. The inventors of the present invention have a calcium crystallization inhibitory action on lactic acid bacteria of the genus Lactococcus, Lactobacillus, Enterococcus, and Streptococcus isolated from fermentation butter and cheese rich in calcium. It was confirmed to have Among these lactic acid bacteria, Lactococcus lactis, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus brevis, Lactobacillus delbrueckii, Lactobacillus helveticus, Lactobacillus phamnosus, Enterococcus durans, Streptococcus salivarius, Lactobacillus casei is the lactic acid bacteria having a strong calcium crystallization inhibiting effect was preferred bacteria It was.
[0016]
In the present invention, as a method for preparing a culture obtained from lactic acid bacteria, the above lactic acid bacteria are pre-cultured in 803 medium or 804 medium designated by IFO (Fermentation Institute), and then 0.1% (W / V ) Cultivate in Yeast Peptone (YP), Acetate (AM), or Lactobacillus (NEW) medium containing CaCl 2 to a stationary phase at 30 ° C. or 37 ° C. to obtain a culture, which is further centrifuged This was separated into bacterial cells and culture supernatant.
[0017]
As a method for obtaining an extracellular culture, generally used methods can be used as appropriate. In the present invention, the culture supernatant is suction filtered with a 0.45 μm filter, and the filtrate is subjected to ultrafiltration or filtration. It concentrated by using polyethyleneglycol (PEG 20,000), and processed by the method of dialyzing 3 times against distilled water after that.
[0018]
The method for obtaining the microbial cell culture can also be prepared by using a commonly used microbial cell disruption method or the like. For example, a method using a pressurized cell disruption device such as a French press or an X-press, a mechanical grinding method using a ball mill or a dyno mill, an ultrasonic treatment method, a method using a homogenizer, a freeze thawing method, an osmotic pressure treatment method, lysozyme Enzyme treatment methods using the above can be mentioned, but they can also be combined. In the present invention, it is considered that the active ingredient of the culture of lactic acid bacteria having an inhibitory action on calcium crystallization is a protein. Therefore, in consideration of protein stability and extraction efficiency, pressurized cell destruction, mechanical grinding, It is preferable to use a physical crushing method such as sonication or a homogenizer. In the above-mentioned intracellular culture, the nucleic acid may be removed with protamine sulfate, streptomycin sulfate or the like, if necessary. Furthermore, the culture can be subjected to salting out such as ammonium sulfate, precipitation with an organic solvent such as ethanol, fractionation by isoelectric precipitation, ion exchange, adsorption, gel filtration, hydrophobicity, or affinity chromatography. It may be used for purification, dialysis or concentration.
[0019]
[Table 1] to [Table 5] include the 803 medium, 804 medium, YP (Yeast Peptone) medium, AM (Acetate) medium, and NEW (Lactobacillus) medium used in the present invention. The composition is shown.
[0020]
[Table 1]
[0021]
[Table 2]
[0022]
[Table 3]
[0023]
[Table 4]
[0024]
[Table 5]
[0025]
The culture of the lactic acid bacteria of the present invention obtained by the above method was found to suppress calcium crystallization and further promote calcium phosphate crystal growth at a protein concentration of 0.5 to 10.0 μg / ml. Therefore, it has been found useful not only as a calcium absorption promoter but also as a calcium phosphate crystal growth promoter.
[0026]
As a result, the culture of lactic acid bacteria of the present invention can be used for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis for the purpose of promoting calcium absorption, or the prevention of initial caries by promoting the remineralization of teeth for the purpose of crystal growth of calcium phosphate. Can be used for treatment.
[0027]
For the calcium absorption promoter and calcium phosphate crystal growth agent of the present invention, the culture prepared by the above method may be used as it is, but generally it is dissolved or dispersed in an appropriate liquid carrier, or an appropriate powder carrier. Mix or adsorb to this, and if desired, add emulsifiers, dispersants, suspending agents, spreading agents, permeation agents, wetting agents, stabilizers, etc. to these solutions, injections, capsules It can be used as a calcium absorption enhancer or as a crystal growth agent of calcium phosphate in the form of a preparation such as an agent, a tablet, and a powder.
[0028]
[0029]
[0030]
[0031]
The effective amount of the calcium absorption enhancer of the present invention is difficult to define in general, but is not particularly limited when taken orally, in order to exert the effect of promoting calcium absorption in the intestinal tract. 0.08 mg / kg / day or more is suitable, preferably 0.1-100 mg / kg / day.
[0032]
Similarly, when promoting the remineralization of teeth for the purpose of promoting calcium phosphate crystal growth, it is preferably taken at 0.01-100 mg / kg / day.
[0033]
【Example】
The following examples and test examples illustrate the present invention in more detail.
[Example 1]
Preparation of Lactococcus lactis IFO 3427 strain culture (1) Lactococcus lactis IFO 3427 strain is pre-cultured in IFO-designated 804 medium at 30 ° C. for 48 hours and then in YP medium (5 l) at 30 ° C. in stationary phase. Until the main culture. The cells were removed, the culture supernatant was suction filtered through a 0.45 μm filter, concentrated to 200 ml by ultrafiltration, dialyzed 3 times against distilled water at 4 ° C., and Lactococcus lactis IFO 3427 strain. 24.3 mg of culture (1) was obtained.
[0034]
[Example 2]
Preparation of Lactococcus lactis IFO 3427 strain culture (2) The solution of Lactococcus lactis IFO 3427 strain culture (1) obtained by the method shown in Example 1 was subjected to Super Q-TOYOPEAL 650M (Tosoh Corporation). Fractionation was performed by ion chromatography (2.6 × 20 cm), and the obtained active fraction was further separated by Superose 12 (Superose 12 (Amersham)) gel filtration chromatography (1.6 × 60 cm). The active fraction thus obtained was designated as Lactococcus lactis IFO 3427 strain culture (2). The molecular weight was found to be 34,000 by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.
[0035]
[Example 3]
Preparation of Lactobacillus rhamnosus IFO 12521 strain culture (3) By the method shown in Example 1, Lactobacillus rhamnosus IFO 12521 strain was pre-cultured in IFO-designated 804 medium at 30 ° C. for 48 hours, and AM medium (5 l) The main culture was performed at 30 ° C. until the stationary phase was reached. The cells are collected, washed twice with 10 mM Tris-HCl buffer (pH 8.7), suspended in about twice the amount of 0.5 M EDTA (pH 8.0) aqueous solution, and ultrasonically disrupted. For 10 minutes in a 30 second cycle. Thereafter, the supernatant was dialyzed against distilled water at 4 ° C. to obtain a Lactobacillus rhamnosus IFO 12521 strain culture (3).
[0036]
[Test Example 1]
Measurement of calcium crystallization inhibitory effect First, in order to increase the calcium concentration in the intestinal tract and increase the absorbability of calcium, a calcium crystallization inhibitor was examined.
[0037]
Inhibition of calcium crystallization using a reaction (NaHCO 3 + CaCl 2 → CaCO 3 + HCl + NaCl) in which CaCO 3 precipitates from the reaction of an aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution (NaHCO 3 aqueous solution) and a calcium chloride aqueous solution (CaCl 2 aqueous solution) The effect was determined (Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm., 110 (1), p69-74, 1983).
[0038]
That is, 30 μl of Lactococcus lactis IFO 3427 strain culture (1) was added to an aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate solution (1.5 ml) adjusted to 20 mM and pH 8.7, and the mixture was stirred well with a stirrer. Thereafter, an aqueous calcium chloride solution (1.5 ml) adjusted to 20 mM and pH 8.7 was added and reacted at 25 ° C. During the reaction process, the absorbance at a wavelength of 570 nm was measured over time. The result is shown in FIG.
[0039]
When the control (distilled water) was added, an abrupt increase in absorbance was observed by about 200 seconds, showing a maximum value after about 250 seconds, and the reaction was complete. On the other hand, when Lactococcus lactis IFO 3427 strain culture (1) (final protein concentration 0.8 μg / ml) was added, no increase in absorbance was observed, and calcium crystallization was completely suppressed.
[0040]
Moreover, when this extract was treated with proteinase K (Proteinase K), a decrease in calcium crystallization inhibitory activity was observed, so that the center of activity was estimated to be protein.
[0041]
[Test Example 2]
Comparison of Calcium Crystallization Inhibitory Effect of Various Lactic Acid Bacteria Cultures Based on the results of Test Example 1, the inhibition rate was calculated from the absorbance after 200 seconds from the reaction according to the following [Equation 1], and YP medium, AM medium, In accordance with the extraction method of Example 1 or Example 3 for various lactic acid bacteria cultured in a NEW medium, a comparative test of the calcium crystallization inhibitory effect of the prepared culture (final protein concentration of 0.8 μg / ml) was performed. The results are shown in [Table 6].
[0042]
[Expression 1]
[0043]
[Table 6]
[0044]
From this result, a particularly strong effect was observed in the extracellular culture of Lactococcus lactis IFO 3427 cultured in YP medium.
[0045]
[Test Example 3]
Comparison of calcium crystallization inhibitory effect of various microorganism cultures According to the method of Test Example 2, the lactic acid bacterium Lactococcus lactis IFO 3427 (YP medium, outside the fungus body), Lactobacillus helveticus IFO 15019 (AM medium, outside the fungus body) of the present invention, Streptococcus salivarius IFO 13957 (YP medium, outside the cell), bacteria and yeasts derived from Antarctica described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-239181 by the present inventors who are already known to have a calcium crystallization inhibitory action For the cultures of, the calcium crystallization inhibitory effect was compared. The results are shown in [Table 7].
[0046]
[Table 7]
[0047]
As can be seen from this result, since the calcium crystallization inhibitory effect of the culture of the lactic acid bacteria of the present invention is remarkably superior to those conventionally known, proteins obtained from these lactic acid bacteria also have a calcium crystallization inhibitory effect. Is expected to be a
[0048]
[Test Example 4]
Characterization of the extracellular culture of Lactococcus lactis IFO 3427 The characteristics of the extracellular culture of Lactococcus lactis IFO 3427 of the present invention were examined. The results are shown in [Table 8].
[0049]
[Table 8]
[0050]
When the tested lactic acid bacteria culture was treated with Proteinase K, the calcium crystallization inhibitory substance was estimated to be a protein from the fact that the calcium crystallization inhibitory effect was reduced.
[0051]
[Test Example 5]
Comparison of Calcium Crystallization Inhibitory Effect with Other Substances Next, Lactococcus lactis IFO 3427 strain culture (1) (0.8 μg / ml) and another substance, namely casein phosphopeptide (CPP III) (2.0 μg / ml) ml), poly-L-glutamic acid (2.0 μg / ml), poly-γ-glutamic acid (2.0 μg / ml), EDTA: ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (1.5 × 10 −4 M), citric acid (0. 4 × 10 −4 M), phosvitin (15 μg / ml), heparin (15 μg / ml), chondroitin sulfate C (15 μg / ml), albumin (10 μg / ml), lactoferrin (10 μg / ml), lipase (10 μg / ml) ), Trypsinogen (10 μg / ml), α-chymotrypsinogen A (10 μg / ml), α-amyler (10μg / ml), it was compared calcium crystallization inhibiting effect on esterase (10μg / ml). The results are shown in [Table 9].
[0052]
[Table 9]
[0053]
As shown in [Table 9], when the Lactococcus lactis IFO 3427 strain culture (1) (final protein concentration 0.8 μg / ml) prepared according to the method of Example 1 was added, the crystallization inhibition rate was 100%. Compared with other substances, casein phosphopeptide (CPP III) known as a calcium solubilizer is 62.8%, poly-L-glutamic acid (manufactured by Sigma; No. P-4886, sodium) In the case of poly-γ-glutamic acid extracted from natto and purified by ethanol precipitation, the inhibition rate was 49.0%. Chelating agents such as EDTA and citric acid have 14.4% and 24.5% inhibition rates, respectively, and phosvitin reported to inhibit calcium carbonate crystallization has a 30.1% inhibition rate. there were. In addition, no significant crystallization inhibitory effect was observed even when phosphoproteins or enzymes were added. Protein (1) extracted from the Lactococcus lactis IFO 3427 strain of the present invention markedly inhibited calcium crystallization at low concentrations.
[0054]
[Test Example 6]
Comparison of Calcium Phosphate Crystal Growth Promoting Effect Next, the effect of the prepared culture (2) on the calcium phosphate crystal growth of various lactic acid bacteria cultured in various media according to the method of Example 2 was examined. In the reaction test, 1.5 ml of the culture (2) prepared according to the method of Example 2 diluted with 0.05 M imidazole buffer (pH 7.0) was added to 6 mg of dicalcium phosphate (DCPD), and the mixture was incubated at 37 ° C. For 24 hours. In addition, the said imidazole buffer solution was used for the blank. The reaction solution after 0 hour and 24 hours was filtered through a 0.45 μm filter, and the phosphoric acid content of the filtrate was measured with Phospha C-Test Wako to determine the calcium phosphate crystal growth promoting action rate. The results are shown in [Table 10]. The result was calculated | required by the relative activity with the blank.
[0055]
[Table 10]
[0056]
The cultures of lactic acid bacteria of the present invention all showed a strong calcium phosphate crystal growth promoting action.
[0057]
Compared with phosvitin, albumin, lactoferrin, lipase, and trypsinogen, which have a comparatively high calcium phosphate crystal growth promoting action, the Lactococcus lactisIFO 3427 strain culture (2) was about twice as effective.
[0058]
Below, describes an example of the calcium absorption enhancer and calcium phosphate crystal growth promoter of the present invention. In addition, the compounding quantity was described in weight%.
[0059]
[0060]
[0061]
[0062]
[0063]
[0064]
[0065]
[0066]
[0067]
[0068]
[0069]
[0070]
[0071]
[0072]
[0073]
[0074]
[0075]
[Example 12]
Capsules were prepared according to the following formulation.
[0076]
[Table 19]
[0077]
The above ingredients were mixed uniformly and the mixed powder was filled into hard capsules.
[0078]
[Example 13]
An injection was prepared according to the following formulation.
[0079]
[Table 20]
[0080]
The mixed solution was filtered through a membrane filter and sterilized again. The filtrate was aseptically dispensed into vials, filled with nitrogen gas, and sealed to give an injection.
[0081]
[Example 14]
Tablets were prepared according to the following formulation.
[0082]
[Table 21]
[0083]
The above ingredients were mixed uniformly, and the mixed powder was tableted to make one tablet of 200 mg.
[0084]
Granule No. for direct hitting 209 (magnesium aluminate metasilicate 20%, corn starch 30%, lactose 50%)
[0085]
[Example 15]
A syrup was prepared according to the following formulation.
[0086]
[Table 22]
[0087]
The extracted protein (3) was completely dissolved in purified water, and a simple syrup was added and mixed to obtain a syrup.
[0088]
[0089]
[0090]
[0091]
[0092]
[0093]
[0094]
[0095]
[0096]
[0097]
[0098]
[0099]
[0100]
[0101]
[0102]
[0103]
[0104]
[0105]
[0106]
[0107]
[0108]
[0109]
[Example 26]
Capsules were prepared according to the following formulation.
[0110]
[Table 33]
[0111]
The above ingredients were mixed uniformly and the mixed powder was filled into hard capsules.
[0112]
[Example 27]
An injection was prepared according to the following formulation.
[0113]
[Table 34]
[0114]
The mixed solution was filtered through a membrane filter and sterilized again. The filtrate was aseptically dispensed into vials, filled with nitrogen gas, and sealed to give an injection.
[0115]
[Example 28]
Tablets were prepared according to the following formulation.
[0116]
[Table 35]
[0117]
The above ingredients were mixed uniformly, and the mixed powder was tableted to make one tablet of 200 mg.
[0118]
Granule No. for direct hitting 209 (magnesium aluminate metasilicate 20%, corn starch 30%, lactose 50%)
[0119]
[Example 29]
A syrup was prepared according to the following formulation.
[0120]
[Table 36]
[0121]
The extracted protein (3) was completely dissolved in purified water, and a simple syrup was added and mixed to obtain a syrup.
[0122]
【The invention's effect】
The culture of lactic acid bacteria of the present invention is remarkably superior in calcium absorption promoting action and calcium phosphate crystal growth promoting action as compared to substances known in the prior art, and is also widely used in dairy products. Since it is a derived material, it is extremely safe.
[Brief description of the drawings]
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a graph examining the effect of Lactococcus lactis IFO 3427 strain culture (1) (final protein concentration 0.8 μg / ml) on calcium crystallization.
Claims (9)
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| JP2002109199A JP4268785B2 (en) | 2002-04-11 | 2002-04-11 | Calcium absorption promoter and calcium phosphate crystal growth promoter |
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| JP2002109199A JP4268785B2 (en) | 2002-04-11 | 2002-04-11 | Calcium absorption promoter and calcium phosphate crystal growth promoter |
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| KR102823070B1 (en) * | 2024-10-17 | 2025-06-23 | 주식회사 리스큐어바이오사이언시스 | Lactiplantibacillus paraplantarum LBMB320502 having high phosphate absorption ability and composition containing the same for preventing, improving or treating hyperphosphatemia or chronic kidney disease-mineral bone disorder |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2627513B2 (en) * | 1987-11-12 | 1997-07-09 | 鐘淵化学工業株式会社 | Bread manufacturing method and bread with enhanced flavor |
| JP2556813B2 (en) * | 1993-06-30 | 1996-11-27 | 北海道 | Marine fermented gelled food and its manufacturing method |
| JPH0970260A (en) * | 1995-06-26 | 1997-03-18 | Hayashibara Biochem Lab Inc | Rapidly fermented feed, its production and use |
| JPH1042850A (en) * | 1996-08-01 | 1998-02-17 | Akita Pref Gov | Production of sparkling milk liquor drink |
| JPH10158178A (en) * | 1996-11-29 | 1998-06-16 | Yakult Honsha Co Ltd | Mineral absorption enhancer and mineral enhancer |
| JPH114684A (en) * | 1997-06-18 | 1999-01-12 | Kikkoman Corp | New beta-phosphoglucomutase |
| JP2000239180A (en) * | 1999-02-18 | 2000-09-05 | Lotte Co Ltd | Calcium crystallization inhibitory absorption facilitative agent containing protein obtained from microbial cell body of bacterium having calcium crystallization inhibitory effect as active ingredient, and ingesta and feed comprising the same |
| EP1062876A1 (en) * | 1999-02-25 | 2000-12-27 | Societe Des Produits Nestle S.A. | Caseinoglycomacropeptides as calcification agent |
| GB9920578D0 (en) * | 1999-08-31 | 1999-11-03 | Nestle Sa | Composition for maintenance of bone or dental health or treatment of bone or dental disorders |
| JP2001211878A (en) * | 2000-02-04 | 2001-08-07 | National Federation Of Dairy Cooperative Associations | High concentration culture method of yogurt starter lactic acid bacterium, and method of producing yogurt using obtained high concentration culture solution |
| JP2001299276A (en) * | 2000-04-20 | 2001-10-30 | Enajikku Kk | Blood sugar depressant food |
| JP4570202B2 (en) * | 2000-05-17 | 2010-10-27 | 大塚食品株式会社 | Cold-sensitive mutant strains of lactic acid bacteria, plant fermented products or fermented fruits obtained using the same, and methods for producing them |
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