JP4117847B2 - Scroll compressor - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a scroll compressor.

  In a scroll compressor, a fixed scroll is fixed to a housing, and a movable scroll is supported so that only revolving is possible. The fixed scroll is composed of a fixed side plate and a fixed spiral portion, and the movable scroll is composed of a movable side plate and a movable spiral portion, both of which mesh with each other to form a compression chamber. When the orbiting scroll revolves, the compression chamber is moved toward the center of the spiral to reduce the volume, and the refrigerant gas is circulated through the refrigeration circuit.

  At this time, if the refrigerant gas contains lubricating oil in the form of mist, a part of the refrigerant gas sucked into the suction chamber from the external refrigeration circuit through the suction port is compressed as it is by reducing the volume of the compression chamber. The remaining portion cools the bearing device that supports the movable scroll in the front housing, the anti-rotation mechanism, and the sliding portion of the movable scroll and the fixed scroll, and lubricates them with the contained mist-like lubricating oil. . The refrigerant gas after cooling and lubrication is then sucked into the compression chamber and compressed. On the other hand, if the refrigerant gas containing a large amount of lubricating oil for lubricating the bearing device or the like is circulated in the refrigeration circuit as it is, the refrigeration capacity will be reduced. For this reason, in the scroll compressor, as described in JP-A-3-129273, an oil separation chamber that separates the lubricating oil from the compressed refrigerant gas into the housing, and the oil separation chamber communicated with the lubricating oil. It is also possible to form an oil storage chamber for storing the oil and communicate the oil storage chamber with a bearing device or the like through an oil supply passage. In the scroll type compressor in which the lubricating oil separated in the housing is supplied to the bearing device or the like, the lubricating oil provides lubrication of the bearing device or the like, while the refrigerant gas from which the lubricating oil is separated circulates in the refrigeration circuit. Therefore, the refrigerating capacity will be improved.

  However, when the oil supply passage for supplying the lubricating oil communicates with the sliding portion between the fixed spiral portion and the movable side plate, minute wear powder having a minimum diameter of about 0.05 mm is generated on the fixed spiral portion side of the oil supply passage. Lubricating oil is not supplied because the area around the opening is blocked, or the area of the opening is reduced to reduce the amount of lubricating oil supplied, resulting in insufficient lubrication, and wear powder adheres around the opening. There is a risk of inhibiting the revolution of the movable side plate. In these cases, reliability is impaired. In particular, when the scroll compressor is started from a state where it has been stopped at a high temperature for a long time, liquid refrigerant increases in the compression chamber, and liquid compression occurs. In such a case, the fixed scroll and the movable scroll collide violently, and wear powder is more likely to be generated.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described conventional situation, and solves the problem of providing a scroll compressor capable of exhibiting excellent reliability while ensuring lubrication of a bearing device and the like and high refrigeration capacity. It should be a challenge.

A scroll compressor according to the present invention includes a housing, a fixed scroll including a fixed side plate and a fixed spiral part fixed to the housing, a movable side plate and a movable spiral part meshing with the fixed scroll, and A scroll compressor having a movable scroll that forms a compression chamber therebetween, the compression chamber being moved in a spiral direction by the revolving motion of the movable scroll to reduce the volume, and circulating the refrigerant gas through a refrigeration circuit ,
The opening on the fixed spiral portion side of the oil supply passage is retreated one step toward the fixed scroll side in the axial direction from the sliding portion between the fixed spiral portion and the movable side plate, and is formed in a step portion having a larger area than the opening. And
Lubricating oil is supplied to the bearing device of the driving bush that supports the movable scroll while the opening on the fixed spiral portion side of the oil supply passage is not covered by the movable side plate .

  In the scroll compressor according to the present invention, the lubricating oil separated from the refrigerant gas compressed in the oil separation chamber is stored in the oil storage chamber and supplied to the sliding portion between the fixed spiral portion and the movable side plate through the oil supply passage. At this time, since a counterbore or chamfer is formed around the opening on the fixed spiral portion side of the oil supply passage, and the opening area is enlarged thereby, even at the time of starting to cause liquid compression, the minute wear powder is The area around the opening is not blocked or the opening area is not reduced. For this reason, the lubricating oil is stably supplied to the sliding portion between the fixed spiral portion and the movable side plate to sufficiently lubricate. Further, the abrasion powder does not adhere around the opening, and the revolution of the movable side plate can be suitably maintained.

  In the scroll compressor according to the present invention, the lubricating oil separated in the housing is supplied to the sliding portion between the fixed spiral portion and the movable side plate. Will be circulated and the refrigeration capacity will be improved.

  Therefore, in the scroll compressor of the present invention, excellent reliability can be exhibited while ensuring lubrication and high refrigeration capacity of the bearing device, particularly the sliding portion between the fixed spiral portion and the movable side plate. Further, since only the lubricating oil separated from the refrigerant gas is supplied to the sliding portion between the fixed spiral portion and the movable side plate, the performance is not deteriorated.

  A fixed scroll has a shell that forms an outer shell, and a spiral portion and a fixed side plate are formed by recessing a spiral groove in the shell. The shell communicates with the outer peripheral end of the spiral groove. It is preferable that a suction port for sucking refrigerant gas from an external refrigeration circuit is formed in the compression chamber before compression. If this is the case, a conventional suction chamber is not formed in the shell other than a small volume allowance that may occur when the spiral groove is produced. For this reason, in such a scroll compressor, the refrigerant gas sucked through the suction port is hardly expanded inside, and the specific volume is reduced without causing pressure loss. In such a scroll compressor, a suction port communicating with the outer peripheral end of the spiral groove is formed in the shell, and the refrigerant gas is directly sucked from the suction port into the compression chamber before compression from an external refrigeration circuit. Yes. For this reason, in such a scroll type compressor, the refrigerant gas sucked through the suction port can be prevented from being heated by the bearing device or the like, the degree of superheat is reduced, and the specific volume is also reduced without causing pressure loss. Therefore, according to such a scroll compressor, it is possible to reduce the degree of superheat and the specific volume, and it is possible to satisfy the recent demand for performance improvement. In such a scroll compressor, the refrigerant gas is difficult to be supplied to the sliding portion between the fixed spiral portion and the movable side plate, and there is a concern that cooling and lubrication may be neglected. high.

The housing includes a shell, a front housing that is fastened to the shell and supports the movable scroll, and a rear housing that is fastened to the shell and forms a discharge chamber that communicates with the compression chamber after compression. It is preferable that a gasket for sealing at least the discharge chamber and the oil storage chamber is interposed between the rear housing and the rear housing, and the supply passage has an oil supply groove recessed in the gasket. If this is the case, it is possible to omit special through holes and pipes corresponding to the oil supply groove, so that the manufacturing cost can be reduced.
Preferably, the fixed scroll side of the opening of the oil supply passage is retracted larger than the thrust gap between the fixed scroll wall and the movable side plate and the shell from the sliding portion between the movable side plate axially fixed scroll side.

  Embodiments 1 and 2 embodying the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

(Embodiment 1)
In the scroll compressor according to the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the front housing 2 is fastened to the front part of the shell 1 forming the outer shell via an O-ring by a plurality of bolts 3 shown in FIG. The rear housing 4 is fastened to the rear portion of the shell 1 via a gasket 33 by a plurality of bolts (not shown).

  As shown also in FIG. 3, the spiral groove 1a is recessed in the shell 1, and the fixed scroll 10 which consists of the fixed spiral part 1b of the inner and outer walls and the remaining fixed side plate 1c is formed. Further, the shell 1 is provided with a suction port 1f penetrating in a position close to the outer peripheral end of the spiral groove 1a, and the suction port 1f is connected to an evaporator (not shown) of an external refrigeration circuit via a suction service valve (not shown). Yes. In addition, the margin 1d of the core at the time of die-casting the shell 1 remains on the outer peripheral end of the spiral groove 1a.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a drive shaft 7 is rotatably supported in the front housing 2 via a shaft seal device 5 and a bearing device 6. The slide key 8 is eccentric and projects rearward integrally with the drive shaft 7. A drive bush 9 is engaged with the slide key 8 so as to be slightly movable in the radial direction. A movable scroll 12 is supported on the drive bush 9 via a bearing device 11 and a counterweight 13 is fixed. ing. The movable scroll 12 includes a movable side plate 12c on the bearing device 11 side, and a movable spiral portion 12b formed by a protrusion protruding in a spiral shape from the movable side plate 12c. The movable side plate 12 c and the movable spiral portion 12 b in the movable scroll 12 mesh with the fixed side plate 1 c and the fixed spiral portion 1 b of the fixed scroll 10 to form a compression chamber P.

  Further, a plurality of pins 14 are fixed to the front housing 2, and a plurality of pins 15 are also fixed to the movable side plate 12 c of the movable scroll 12, and these pins 14, 15 are recessed in the front housing 2. Each of the retainers 16 slides on the seating surface. These pins 14 and 15 and the retainer 16 constitute a rotation prevention mechanism. A plate 31 for adjusting the thrust gap c is provided between the movable side plate 12c and the retainer 16 as shown in FIG.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, a discharge port 1e is provided in the center of the fixed side plate 1c of the fixed scroll 10, and the discharge port 1e can be opened and closed by a discharge valve (not shown). The opening degree of the discharge valve is regulated by a retainer 20 fixed to the fixed side plate 1c. 2, the discharge chamber 17 and the oil storage chamber 18 are formed in the shell 1 and the rear housing 4 as shown in FIG. 2, and the oil separation chamber 19 is formed in the rear housing 4 as shown in FIG. Has been. The discharge chamber 17 communicates with the compressed compression chamber P through the discharge port 1e, and the discharge chamber 17 communicates with the oil separation chamber 19 through the discharge port 4a. The oil separation chamber 19 is provided with a discharge service valve 32 having a discharge port 4b inside. The discharge port 4a, the oil separation chamber 19 and the discharge service valve 32 constitute a centrifugal force utilizing oil separator that can be built in the scroll compressor. The discharge service valve 32 is connected to a condenser of the refrigeration circuit.

A through hole 4 c communicating with the oil storage chamber 18 is provided through the bottom of the oil separation chamber 19. As shown in FIG. 2, an oil supply hole 33 a that communicates with the oil storage chamber 18 on the shell 1 side is provided below the gasket 33, and an oil supply hole 33 b is provided above the gasket 33. The oil supply holes 33a and 33b communicate with each other by an oil supply groove 33c provided in the mating surface side of the rear housing 4, and the oil supply hole 33b is formed through the shell 1 as shown in FIGS. 1h opens the sliding part of the fixed spiral part 1b and the movable side plate 12c. A counterbore 1i is formed around the opening of the oil supply hole 1h on the fixed spiral portion 1b side as shown in FIG.
Accordingly, the opening on the fixed spiral portion 1b side of the oil supply hole 1h is formed on the bottom surface 1j of the spot facing 1i as shown in FIGS.
The inner diameter a of the spot facing 1i is larger than the sum of the inner diameter of the oil supply hole 1h and 0.1 mm because the minimum diameter of the wear powder is about 0.05 mm. Further, the depth d of the spot facing 1i is larger than the thrust gap c between the movable side plate 12c and the shell 1.
Therefore, the opening on the fixed spiral portion 1b side of the oil supply hole 1h is moved backward by one step toward the axial fixed scroll side by the depth d of the spot facing 1i from the sliding portion between the fixed spiral portion 1b and the movable side plate 12c. It is provided in the step portion having a larger area than that.
Here, the oil supply hole 33a, the oil supply groove 33c, the oil supply hole 33b, and the oil supply hole 1h are oil supply passages. As shown in FIG. 2, a plurality of positioning pins 1 g protrude rearward from the back surface of the shell 1, and each positioning pin 1 g is engaged with a gasket 33.

  And in this scroll type compressor comprised as mentioned above, the drive shaft 7 is rotated with a belt via an electromagnetic clutch from a vehicle engine. As a result, the slide key 8 is driven, and the drive bush 9 revolves the movable scroll 12 along the revolution circle in cooperation with the rotation prevention mechanism. For this reason, the compression chamber P is moved toward the spiral center while sequentially reducing the volume.

  For this reason, as shown in FIG. 3, at the outer peripheral end of the spiral groove 1a of the shell 1, when the movable spiral portion 12b of the movable scroll 12 forms a pair of compression chambers P, the refrigerant gas flows from the evaporator to the suction port 1f. After that, the air is equally sucked into the respective compression chambers P. Some refrigerant gas is supplied to the bearing devices 6 and 11 and the rotation prevention mechanism while the compression chamber P is not covered by the movable side plate 12c, and cools them.

  Thus, in this scroll type compressor, the suction port 1f is not formed in the shell 1 other than the conventional suction chamber other than the small-capacity allowance 1d that can occur when the spiral groove 1a is produced. The refrigerant gas sucked through the refrigerant hardly expands inside, and the specific volume is reduced without causing pressure loss.

  In this scroll type compressor, since the refrigerant gas is directly sucked from the evaporator into the compression chamber P before compression from the suction port 1f, the refrigerant gas sucked through the suction port 1f is supplied to the bearing device 6, 11 is not heated, and the degree of superheat is reduced and the specific volume is reduced without causing pressure loss.

  Therefore, according to this scroll type compressor, it is possible to reduce the degree of superheat and the specific volume, and it is possible to satisfy the recent demand for performance improvement.

  Then, the refrigerant gas compressed by the movement of the compression chamber P is discharged into the discharge chamber 17 through the discharge port 1e and the discharge valve, as shown in FIG. Thereafter, the refrigerant gas in the discharge chamber 17 is discharged into the oil separation chamber 19 from the discharge port 4a, travels around the cylinder portion of the discharge service valve 32, and in the meantime separates the mist-like lubricating oil contained by centrifugal force. The separated lubricating oil is stored in the oil storage chamber 18 through the through hole 4c. The refrigerant gas from which the lubricating oil is separated in the oil separation chamber 19 is discharged from the discharge port 4b of the discharge service valve 32 to the capacitor. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 2, the lubricating oil in the oil storage chamber 18 passes through the oil supply hole 33a, the oil supply groove 33c, the oil supply hole 33b, and the oil supply hole 1h, and as shown in FIG. 1, the fixed spiral part 1b and the movable side plate. It is supplied to the sliding part with 12c. At this time, since the counterbore 1i is formed around the opening of the oil supply hole 1h on the fixed spiral portion 1b side, and the opening area is enlarged thereby, even at the time of starting to cause liquid compression, a minute wear powder Does not block around the opening or reduce the opening area. For this reason, lubricating oil is stably supplied to the sliding part of the fixed spiral part 1b and the movable side plate 12c. The lubricating oil supplied here spreads over the entire sliding portion of the fixed spiral portion 1b and the movable side plate 12c by the revolving motion and its own weight of the movable scroll 12 while the opening of the oil supply hole 1h is covered by the movable side plate 12c. . Further, the lubricating oil supplied here is supplied to the bearing devices 6 and 11 and the rotation prevention mechanism while the opening of the oil supply hole 1h is not covered by the movable side plate 12c. For this reason, the bearings 6 and 11 are sufficiently lubricated. Further, the abrasion powder does not adhere around the opening, and the revolution of the movable side plate 12c can be suitably maintained.

  Also in this scroll compressor, the lubricating oil separated in the shell 1 and the rear housing 4 is supplied to the sliding portion between the fixed spiral part 1b and the movable side plate 12c. The refrigerant gas separated from the refrigerant is circulated, and the refrigerating capacity is improved.

  Therefore, this scroll compressor can exhibit excellent reliability while ensuring lubrication and high refrigeration capacity of the bearing devices 6 and 11, particularly the sliding portion between the fixed spiral portion 1b and the movable side plate 12c. . Further, since only the lubricating oil separated from the refrigerant gas is supplied to the sliding portion between the fixed spiral portion 1b and the movable side plate 12c, the performance is not deteriorated.

( Reference example )
A reference example will be described next. In the scroll compressor of this reference example , as shown in FIG. 5, a chamfer 1j is formed around the opening on the fixed spiral portion 1b side of the oil supply hole 1h. Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment.
This scroll compressor can also exhibit the same operations and effects as those of the first embodiment.

  This scroll compressor can also exhibit the same operations and effects as those of the first embodiment.

It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the scroll compressor of Embodiment 1. It is a scroll type compressor of Embodiment 1, and is a II-II arrow rear view of FIG. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line III-III in FIG. 1 according to the scroll compressor according to the first embodiment. It is a principal part expanded sectional view regarding the scroll compressor of Embodiment 1. FIG. It is a principal part expanded sectional view regarding the scroll compressor of a reference example .

Explanation of symbols

1, 2, 4 ... Housing (1 ... Shell, 2 ... Front housing, 4 ... Rear housing)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Fixed scroll 1c ... Fixed side plate 1b ... Fixed spiral part 12 ... Movable scroll 12c ... Movable side plate 12b ... Movable spiral part P ... Compression chamber 19 ... Oil separation chamber 18 ... Oil storage chamber 33a, 33c, 33b, 1h ... Oil supply path ( 33a ... oil supply hole, 33c ... oil supply groove, 33b ... oil supply hole, 1h ... oil supply hole)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1i ... Counterbore 1j ... Chamfering 1a ... Spiral groove 1f ... Suction port 17 ... Discharge chamber 33 ... Gasket

Claims (4)

A movable scroll including a housing, a fixed scroll including a fixed side plate and a fixed spiral portion fixed to the housing, and a movable side plate and a movable spiral portion meshing with the fixed scroll, and forming a compression chamber between the fixed scroll and the fixed scroll. And the compression chamber is moved in the spiral direction by the revolving motion of the movable scroll to reduce the volume, and the refrigerant compressor circulates the refrigerant gas through the refrigeration circuit.
The housing is formed with an oil separation chamber that separates lubricating oil from the compressed refrigerant gas, and an oil storage chamber that communicates with the oil separation chamber and stores the lubricating oil. Communicating with the sliding part of the fixed spiral part and the movable side plate,
The opening on the fixed spiral portion side of the oil supply passage is retreated one step toward the fixed scroll side in the axial direction from the sliding portion between the fixed spiral portion and the movable side plate, and is formed in a step portion having a larger area than the opening. And
A scroll compressor characterized in that lubricating oil is supplied to a bearing device of a drive bush that supports the movable scroll while the opening on the fixed spiral portion side of the oil supply passage is not covered by the movable side plate.   The fixed scroll integrally includes a shell forming an outer shell, and the fixed spiral portion and the fixed side plate are formed by recessing a spiral groove in the shell, and the spiral groove is formed in the shell. 2. The scroll compressor according to claim 1, wherein a suction port is formed in the compression chamber before compression to suck refrigerant gas from an external refrigeration circuit.   The housing includes a shell, a front housing fastened to the shell and supporting the movable scroll, and a rear housing fastened to the shell and forming a discharge chamber communicating with the compressed compression chamber. A gasket for sealing at least the discharge chamber and the oil storage chamber is interposed between the fixed scroll and the rear housing, and the oil supply passage has an oil supply groove recessed in the gasket. Item 3. The scroll compressor according to Item 2. Wherein the opening of the fixed spiral portion of the oil supply passage retracts greater than the thrust gap between the front Symbol movable side plate from sliding portions of the fixed spiral portion and the movable side plate in the axial direction the fixed scroll side to the shell The scroll type compressor according to claim 2 or 3.