JP4009048B2 - Curved drilling rig - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a curved excavator that is suitably used for improving the ground near the inner wall of a tunnel, for example, in tunnel construction.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Generally, when constructing a tunnel, as shown by a thick two-dot chain line in FIG. 9, prior to excavation of the tunnel construction planned area A, the ground near the inner wall of the tunnel construction planned area A (hereinafter referred to as ground improvement). Improvement of B) (referred to as region) is underway.
This is a measure taken to prevent groundwater springs and surrounding ground subsidence when excavating the tunnel construction planned area A.
[0003]
Then, as a method of improving the ground improvement region B, conventionally, as shown in FIG. 9, after excavating the pilot mine C at the upper end of the tunnel construction planned region A, as shown in FIG. 11 using an excavator provided with an outer pipe 1 and an inner pipe 3 having a drill bit 2 inserted into the outer pipe 1 and positioned to protrude forward from the tip of the outer pipe 1. As shown in Fig. 4, the improvement agent injection port D is excavated from the pilot mine C to the ground improvement region B, and the improvement agent is injected into the injection port D using appropriate means. The ground of the ground improvement region B is improved by allowing the agent to penetrate into the ground of the ground improvement region B.
[0004]
By the way, according to such a conventional ground improvement method, since the excavator for excavating the injection port D is formed in a straight line, in order to uniformly inject the improvement agent into the ground improvement region B, FIG. As shown in FIG. 2, it is necessary to form a large number of the inlets D at different angles in one vertical cross section.
However, according to such a method, since it is necessary to excavate a large number of injection ports D in one vertical plane, there is a problem that the work process is prolonged, and a problem that the improving agent is not uniformly injected. There is.
[0005]
Therefore, as one method for solving such a problem, the inlet D is formed to be curved along the inner wall surface of the tunnel construction planned area A as shown by a one-dot chain line in FIG. Has been proposed.
By forming such an inlet D, the inlet D and the inner wall surface of the tunnel construction planned area A are substantially parallel, so the ground improvement region B is formed with a uniform thickness with respect to the inner wall surface. can do.
[0006]
On the other hand, in order to excavate such a curved inlet D, conventionally, as shown in FIG. 13, an inner tube 6 having the same curvature as the outer tube is inserted into the outer tube 5 having a constant curvature. A drilling device in which a drilling bit 8 is attached to the distal end portion of the inner pipe 6 via a rotary drive mechanism 7 is used.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, when the curved inlet D is excavated using the excavator shown in FIG. 13, the outer tube 5 and the inner tube 6 are both curved with the same curvature, so that the inner tube with respect to the outer tube 5 is curved. 6 cannot be rotated relatively.
As a result, in order to rotate the excavation bit 8 attached to the distal end of the inner tube 6, as described above, the rotational drive mechanism 7 is provided at the distal end portion of the inner tube 6, and the rotational drive mechanism 7 causes the Although it is necessary to rotate the excavation bit 8, if the rotational drive mechanism 7 is positioned inside the outer tube 5, the inner diameter of the outer tube 5 is increased.
Further, since the rotational drive mechanism 7 is provided at the distal end portion, it is necessary to supply power such as hydraulic oil to the rotational drive mechanism 7. Therefore, it is necessary to insert power supply means therefor into the outer tube 5. Also from this point, it is inevitable to increase the diameter of the outer tube 5.
Furthermore, in order to ensure the rotation of the excavation bit 8, it is necessary to restrain the relative rotation between the outer tube 5 and the inner tube 6 or the relative rotation between the outer tube 5 and the rotation drive mechanism 7. It is necessary to provide an anti-rotation mechanism in the outer tube 5, which further facilitates increasing the diameter of the outer tube 5.
Therefore, in such a conventional technique, there exists a malfunction that the minimum diameter of the inlet D will be restrict | limited.
[0008]
On the other hand, depending on the geology of the ground to be improved, excavation is difficult only by the rotation of the excavation bit 8, and it is necessary to impart percussion in the axial direction to the excavation bit 8 and to apply impact force to the ground.
For this reason, in addition to the rotational drive mechanism 7, if a percussion mechanism is to be provided at the tip of the inner tube 6, this percussion mechanism requires a certain linear stroke, and this stroke is Since it is regulated by the outer tube 5 and its inner diameter, the ability of the percussion mechanism is limited.
Furthermore, it is conceivable that the percussion mechanism is provided at the proximal end portion of the inner tube 6 to release the size restriction and increase the size thereof. However, a rotational drive mechanism 7 is provided at the distal end portion of the inner tube 6. Therefore, it is assumed that the rotational drive mechanism 7 is damaged by the impact force applied by the percussion mechanism, and thus cannot be an effective solution.
[0009]
The present invention has been made in view of such conventional problems, and it is a first object of the present invention to provide a curved excavation device that enables excavation of a small diameter as much as possible when performing curved excavation. A second object is to provide a curved excavator that enables excavation with percussion.
[0010]
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, a curved excavation device according to a first aspect of the present invention includes a plurality of bent outer pipes bent to a constant curvature and sequentially connected in a length direction, and inserted into the bent outer pipes. A straight inner pipe that is sequentially connected in the length direction, a drill bit provided at the tip of the most advanced inner pipe, and an outer peripheral surface of the bent outer pipe, and the bent outer pipe is moved forward. The outer tube propulsion device to be propelled, and the inner tube rotation propulsion device for holding and rotating the inner tube while holding the base end portion of the inner tube, the inner tubes are connected by a connecting portion, The connecting portion has a connecting cylinder connected to the inner tube located on the front side and a connecting rod connected to the inner tube located on the rear side, and a length is provided on the front side of the connecting rod. A sliding member with a spherical shell-shaped sliding surface is attached to both end faces in the direction. And a spherical receiving seat slidably contacting the sliding surface is provided at a position sandwiching the sliding member of the connecting cylinder, and the sliding member is in the sliding surface direction with respect to the spherical receiving seat. in a state in which the relative movement is allowed to, the movement in the longitudinal direction of the connecting tube is restrained, the consolidated portion, these inner tubes, bendable in a plane passing through its axis, and, The connection is made in a state where the relative rotation around the axis is constrained.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a curved excavation device in which the connecting portion of the inner pipes according to the first aspect is formed with a first spline formed on an inner peripheral surface of an end portion of one inner pipe and the other. A second spline formed on the outer peripheral surface of the end portion of the inner pipe and meshed with the first spline;
The peripheral surface and both side surfaces of the second spline are formed in a tapered shape so as to gradually narrow as they go to both ends with an intermediate portion in the length direction as a vertex.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a curved excavation apparatus in which the end face of the one inner pipe according to claim 1 or 2 is slidably brought into contact with the end face of the other inner pipe. Is provided.
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
In the following description, the same parts as those in FIGS. 9 and 12 will be simplified by using the same reference numerals.
In FIG. 1, reference numeral 10 denotes a drilling device according to the present embodiment. The drilling device 10 is inserted into the bent outer tube 11 bent to a constant curvature, and a drill bit is inserted into the bent outer tube 11. 12, a linear inner tube 13 provided with an outer peripheral surface of the bent outer tube 11, a propulsion device 14 for an outer tube that propels the bent outer tube 11 forward, and a proximal end portion of the inner tube 13 And an inner tube rotation propulsion device 15 for rotating and propelling the inner tube 13. The outer tube propulsion device 14 and the inner tube rotation propulsion device 15 include the outer tube 11 and the inner tube 13. In such a manner that the excavation bit 12 always protrudes from the tip of the outer tube 11 and the outer tube 11 and the inner tube 13 are sequentially connected in the length direction. And the above The connecting portions of 13 have a basic configuration in which the inner pipes 13 are connected in a state where the inner tube 13 can be bent in a plane passing through the axis and the relative rotation around the axis is constrained. .
[0012]
Next, these details will be described. The outer tube propulsion device 14 is configured to grip the base end portion (rear end portion) of the bent outer tube 11 in a non-rotatable manner. In the present embodiment, the rotation propulsion device 15 includes a rotation drive mechanism that rotates the inner tube 13 by gripping the proximal end portion of the inner tube 13 in a state in which relative rotation is constrained, and an axial direction of the inner tube 13. And a percussion mechanism (both not shown) for providing the percussion.
The outer tube propulsion device 14 and the inner tube rotation propulsion device 15 are installed so as to be able to run on the base 16 installed in the pilot anti-C, and the outer tube propulsion device 14 and the inner tube rotation propulsion device are provided. The device 15 includes a bent outer tube 11 and an inner tube 13 fixed to each of them, and the excavation bit 12 attached to the distal end portion of the inner tube 13 has a predetermined length from the distal end portion of the bent outer tube 11. The relative positional relationship is maintained so as to maintain the protruding state.
[0013]
The base 16 is provided with a propulsion mechanism 17 for propelling the outer tube propulsion device 14 and the inner tube rotation propulsion device 15 in the axial direction of the bent outer tube 11 while maintaining the positional relationship described above. It has been.
[0014]
On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 2, a connecting tube 18 is screwed to the rear end portion of the inner tube 13 positioned at the front, and is integrally fixed by welding or the like. As described in detail in FIGS. 3 and 4, a first spline 19 formed by linear teeth is formed on the inner peripheral surface.
[0015]
In addition, a connecting rod 20 inserted into the connecting cylinder 18 is screwed to the distal end portion of the inner tube 13 positioned at the rear, and a substantially intermediate portion in the length direction of the connecting rod 20 includes: A second spline 21 that meshes with the first spline 19 is formed.
And each tooth | gear 21a of this 2nd spline 21 is formed in the taper shape so that a peripheral surface and both side surfaces may become narrow gradually as it goes to both ends with the intermediate part of the length direction as a vertex.
[0016]
Therefore, the first spline 19 and the second spline 21 restrict the relative rotation of the connecting cylinder 18 and the connecting rod 20 about the axis thereof, and in a plane passing through the axis. It is configured to be connected so as to be able to bend within an angle (the taper angle of the second spline 21).
[0017]
Further, a sliding member 22 is attached to the distal end portion of the connecting rod 20, and the distal end surface of the sliding member 22 is a first sliding surface 22a projecting in a spherical shell shape, and The rear end surface is a second sliding surface 22b recessed in a spherical shell shape.
[0018]
Further, the connecting cylinder 18 is brought into contact with the tip of the first spline 19 to restrain the rearward movement of the connecting cylinder 18, and the sliding member 22 has a second end. A first spherical receiving seat 23 on which the sliding surface 22b is slidably contacted is provided, and is connected to the rear end portion of the inner tube 13 to which the connecting cylinder 18 is attached. There are provided second spherical receiving seats 24 in which the forward movement of the cylinder 18 is restricted and the first sliding surface 22a of the sliding member 22 is slidably contacted. When the sliding member 22 is sandwiched between the first spherical receiving seat 23 and the second spherical receiving seat 24, the sliding member 22 is relatively moved in the surface direction of the both spherical receiving seats 23 and 24. In the length direction of the connecting cylinder 18 in a state where the There has been constrained.
[0019]
Then, in the connecting cylinder 18, from the tip end side, the first spherical receiving seat 23, the connecting rod 20 to which the sliding member 22 is attached, and a second spherical surface at the tip of the sliding member 22. After sequentially inserting the receiving seats 24 into contact, the connecting portion of the inner tube 13 is attached by screwing and fixing the rear end portion of the inner tube 13 to the tip of the connecting tube 18.
Further, the rear inner pipe 13 to be joined is connected to each other by being screwed to the rear end portion of the connecting rod 20 projected from the rear end portion of the connecting cylinder 18. .
[0020]
Further, a sealing material 25 made of an elastic material is interposed between the end faces of the inner pipes 13 connected to each other so as to prevent leakage of water flowing in the inner pipe 13 during excavation.
[0021]
Further, in the present embodiment, the connecting cylinder 18 is positioned so as to overlap with the coupler 26 that connects the bent outer tube 11.
[0022]
Next, the excavation operation by the excavator 10 configured as described above will be described.
First, after installing the base 16 in the pilot mine C, the outer pipe propulsion device 14 and the inner pipe rotary propulsion device 15 are installed on the base 16.
[0023]
Next, the base end portion of the bent outer tube 11 into which the inner tube 13 is inserted in a state where the excavation bit 12 protrudes from the front end portion by a predetermined length is fixed to the outer tube propulsion device 14, and the bent outer tube 11 is further fixed. The base end portion of the inner tube 13 protruding rearward from the base end portion of the inner tube is fixed to the inner tube rotary propulsion device 15.
[0024]
Thus, the outer tube propulsion device 14 and the inner tube rotation propulsion device 15 are moved toward the ground B by starting the propulsion mechanism 17 while the inner tube 13 is rotated by the inner tube rotation propulsion device 15, and the excavation is performed. While rotating the bit 12 against the ground B, the drilling water is supplied into the inner pipe 13 from its base end, and the drilled water is sprayed from the tip of the inner pipe 13 toward the ground B.
As a result, the ground B is excavated by the excavation bit 12 and the excavated soil is mixed with excavated water to be slimmed, and the slime is bent and conveyed toward the base end through the outer tube 11, The gas is discharged from the base end to the outside.
Then, corresponding to the geology of the ground B, the percussion mechanism is activated as necessary, and excavation is performed while giving the percussion to the excavation bit 12 through the inner pipe 13.
By such excavation, an inlet D along the curvature of the bent outer tube 11 is formed in the ground B as shown in FIG.
[0025]
In the excavation work as described above, the linear inner pipe 13 rotates with the inner pipe 13 because the first spline 19 and the second spline 21 are engaged with each other at the connecting portion. Is definitely given.
Further, since the peripheral surface and both side surfaces of the second spline 21 are tapered, the inner pipes 13 are bent at the connecting portion as indicated by α in FIG. The inner tube 13 is bent and rotated while being positioned so as to substantially follow the inner surface of the outer tube 11.
Therefore, the resistance between the inner pipe 13 and the bent outer pipe 11 is kept small, and smooth excavation is performed.
Further, when the percussion is given to the inner tube 13, the connecting rod 20 is brought into contact with the front inner tube 13 by the sliding member 22 and the second spherical seat 24, so that the impact force is forward. Is reliably transmitted to.
[0026]
Here, since rotation is given to the inner tube 13 at the base end portion, it is not necessary to install a mechanism for rotation in the bent outer tube 11, and as a result, in the bent outer tube 11. It is possible to reduce the outer diameter of the bent outer tube 11 by reducing the outer diameter of the installed member.
Therefore, the inner diameter of the inlet D to be excavated can be reduced.
In addition, since there is no drive mechanism at the distal end portion of the inner tube 13, it becomes possible to give percussion to the inner tube 13 from the outside, whereby a hard formation without bending the outer diameter of the bent outer tube 11. Allows excavation.
[0027]
And after performing excavation for the length of the bent outer tube 11, after releasing the grip of the bent outer tube 11 and the inner tube 13, the outer tube propulsion device 14 and the inner tube rotary propulsion device 15 are retracted, By adding the other bent outer tube 11 and the inner tube 13 to the base ends of the bent outer tube 11 and the inner tube 13, and again holding the bent outer tube 11 and the inner tube 13 and repeating the above-described operation, As shown in FIG. 12, the injection port D having a predetermined length can be formed along the inner wall surface of the tunnel construction planned area A.
[0028]
Note that the shapes, dimensions, and the like of the constituent members shown in the above embodiment are merely examples, and various changes can be made based on design requirements and the like.
For example, although the example in which the connecting portion of the inner pipe 13 is bent and overlapped with the eleven couplers 26 of the outer pipe has been described, it is also possible to shift these positions.
With such a configuration, the connecting portion can be positioned at the large-diameter portion of the bent outer tube 11, thereby increasing the radial dimension of the connecting portion. The strength can be increased and the drilling capacity can be increased.
[0029]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the excavating apparatus of the present invention, the straight inner pipe is bent and inserted into the outer pipe, and the connecting portion of the inner pipe can be bent in a plane passing through the axis, and the axis By connecting in a state in which the relative rotation of the surroundings is constrained, the connected inner pipe can be bent substantially along the inner surface of the outer pipe, and as a result, the inner pipe can be smoothly rotated, Curved excavation can be performed smoothly and reliably.
And since it gives rotation to the inner pipe at its base end, it is not necessary to install a mechanism for rotating the excavation bit in the bent outer pipe, and thereby a member installed in the bent outer pipe Thus, the outer diameter of the bent outer pipe can be reduced, and the inner diameter of the excavation pit can be reduced.
In addition, since there is no drive mechanism at the tip of the inner pipe, it becomes possible to give percussion to the inner pipe from the outside. enable.
Furthermore, by using a straight inner tube, it is possible to expect the effect that the bending of the inner tube is not required and the cost of parts can be reduced.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front view showing a basic configuration of an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of the present invention and is a front view in which a part of an inner tube is broken.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a connecting cylinder, showing an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of a connecting cylinder, showing an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a side view of a connecting rod according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view of a connecting rod, showing an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 shows an embodiment of the present invention and is an enlarged view of a twelfth spline tooth portion formed on the connecting rod.
FIG. 8 is a side view for explaining the operation of one embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram for explaining a general tunnel construction method;
10 is a cross-sectional view of a main part showing a conventional excavation apparatus used for inlet excavation in the tunnel construction method shown in FIG.
11 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional method for excavating an inlet in the tunnel construction method shown in FIG. 9. FIG.
12 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of the method for excavating the inlet in the tunnel construction method shown in FIG. 4. FIG.
13 is a cross-sectional view of a main part showing a conventional excavator used for excavation of the injection port shown in FIG. 7. FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Outer pipe 2 Excavation bit 3 Inner pipe 5 Outer pipe 6 Inner pipe 7 Rotation drive mechanism 8 Excavation bit 10 Excavator 11 Bending outer pipe 12 Excavation bit 13 Inner pipe 14 Outer pipe propulsion apparatus 15 Inner pipe rotation propulsion apparatus 16 Base 17 Propulsion mechanism 18 Connecting cylinder 19 First spline 20 Connecting rod 21 Second spline 21a Teeth 22 Sliding member 22a First sliding surface 22b Second sliding surface 23 First spherical receiving seat 24 Second spherical surface Receiving seat 25 Sealing material 26 Coupler A Tunnel construction planned area B Ground improvement area C Pilot mine D Inlet

Claims (3)

A plurality of bent outer tubes bent to a constant curvature and sequentially connected in the length direction;
A straight inner pipe inserted into the bent outer pipe and sequentially connected in the length direction;
A drill bit provided at the tip of the most advanced inner pipe,
An outer tube propulsion device that grips the outer peripheral surface of the bent outer tube and propels the bent outer tube forward;
While holding the base end portion of the inner tube, it is composed of an inner tube rotation propulsion device that rotates and propels the inner tube,
The inner pipes are connected by a connecting part,
The connecting portion is a connecting cylinder connected to the inner pipe located on the front side ;
A connecting rod connected to the inner pipe located on the rear side;
On the front side of the connecting rod, a sliding member having a spherical shell-like sliding surface formed on both end faces in the length direction is attached,
A spherical seat that is slidably in contact with the sliding surface is provided at a position sandwiching the sliding member of the connecting cylinder,
The sliding member is restrained from moving in the length direction of the connecting tube in a state in which relative movement in the sliding surface direction is allowed with respect to the spherical seat.
Curve drilling the consolidation unit, these inner tubes, bendable in a plane passing through its axis, and characterized in that it is adapted to connected while constraining the relative rotation about the axis apparatus. A connecting portion between the inner pipes is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the end portion of one inner pipe and the outer peripheral surface of the end portion of the other inner pipe, and is engaged with the first spline. And a second spline,
The peripheral surface and both side surfaces of the second spline are formed in a tapered shape so as to gradually narrow toward the both ends with the intermediate portion in the length direction as a vertex. Curve drilling rig.   The curved excavation according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a spherical receiving seat on which an end surface of the other inner pipe is slidably contacted is provided at an end of the one inner pipe. apparatus.

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