JP3921765B2 - Waste pyrolysis gasification melting equipment - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a waste pyrolysis gasification melting apparatus for pyrolyzing gas such as municipal waste and melting a pyrolysis residue.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As a current waste treatment system, a combustion system is adopted in which waste is burned in an incinerator.
[0003]
However, in the case of the above combustion method, (1) there is a problem of dioxin generation contained in the combustion exhaust gas, (2) there is a large amount of gas and the use efficiency of heat energy is poor, and (3) there is a large amount of ash. There are problems such as the fact that the disposal is difficult because it comes out and (4) the capacity of the landfill is approaching its limit.
[0004]
Therefore, as a next-generation waste treatment method, waste is heated and pyrolyzed in an inert atmosphere, and the generated pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis residue (char) are as low as about 1.3 in the melting furnace. A gasification and melting method has been developed in which the ash content in the waste is taken out as molten slag by burning it at a high temperature with the amount of air, and some demonstration operations have been carried out. In such a system, an external heat kiln system is employed in order to thermally decompose and gasify the waste, and the waste is indirectly heated and dried with heat from the outside to be thermally decomposed.
[0005]
The pyrolysis gasification and melting apparatus used for pyrolysis gasification / melting of wastes is about the outlet 3 side at the other end rather than the inlet 2 side at one end as shown in FIG. A dust feeder 4 is provided at the inlet 2 at one end in the longitudinal direction of the rotary type external heat kiln furnace 1 which is inclined to be 3 degrees lower and is disposed sideways so that the waste 6 is charged from the charging hopper 5. In addition, a separation chamber 7 for separating the pyrolysis gas 6a and the pyrolysis residue 6b is provided at the outlet 3 at the other longitudinal end of the external heat kiln furnace 1, and the external heat kiln furnace 1 is rotated at a low speed. The heat recovery air 13 and the auxiliary fuel 12 are used in the outer heating flow path 8 while gradually supplying the waste 6 charged in the charging hopper 5 into the external heat kiln furnace 1 by the feeder 4. The hot gas (hot air) 10 generated in the hot air generator 9 By flowing toward the outlet 3 side through the line 11 to the inlet 2 side, the waste 6 external heat kiln furnace 1 heated, it is constituted such that it is thermally decomposed by dry.
[0006]
The pyrolysis gas 6a generated by the pyrolysis in the external heat kiln furnace 1 is sent to the downstream melting furnace 15 through the pyrolysis gas line 14 connected to the upper part of the separation chamber 7. On the other hand, the pyrolysis residue 6b containing the metals 6d is pulverized by the pulverizer 16 after the metals 6d are recovered as resources, and is supplied into the melting furnace 15 through the pyrolysis residue line 17 to thereby generate pyrolysis gas. The molten slag 6c is melted by being mixed and fired in an air stream, and the heat energy of the molten exhaust gas 15a of the melting furnace 15 is recovered by a waste heat recovery boiler to generate steam for heat utilization and power generation. I am trying to make it.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the case of the above-mentioned waste pyrolysis gasification melting apparatus, since the simultaneous combustion in the melting furnace 15 of the pyrolysis gas 6a and the pyrolysis residue 6b is premised, the system of the external heat kiln furnace 1 and the melting furnace 15 is directly connected. Therefore, even if there is a change in the properties of the waste 6 in the external heat kiln furnace 1 or a fluctuation in the required steam generation amount, for example, the melting furnace 15 Subsequent processing amount becomes random, and the amount of combustion and steam generation cannot be freely adjusted, and the operation of either the external heat kiln furnace 1 or the melting furnace 15 is stopped for maintenance or the like. The fact is that the operation of the entire plant must be stopped.
[0008]
Therefore, the present invention allows the amount of pyrolysis residue supplied to the melting furnace to be freely adjusted according to the required load, and further allows both the external heat kiln furnace and the melting furnace to be operated independently. It is something to try.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a melting furnace equipped with a burner capable of firing pyrolysis gas on the downstream side of an external heat kiln furnace for thermally decomposing waste, A pyrolysis gas line connected to the upper part of the outlet side separation chamber of the external heat kiln furnace, and for storing the pyrolysis residue taken out from the lower part of the outlet side separation chamber of the external heat kiln furnace the reservoir is provided, the thermal decomposition residue of the accumulating tank, and fed to the melting furnace, can be thermally decomposed gas and multi-fuel derived via pyrolysis gas line from the outer heat kiln furnace at the melting furnace And a burner capable of cofiring the pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis residue with a secondary combustion chamber connected to the melting furnace, and capable of exclusively burning the pyrolysis gas in the secondary combustion chamber. Equipped with heat that is connected to the burner of the melting furnace A branch line branched from the cracking gas line is introduced, and a separate control valve is provided at a position downstream from the branch position of the branch line in the pyrolysis gas line and the branch line. .
[0010]
The pyrolysis residue after pyrolyzing the waste in the external heat kiln furnace is charcoal, has no foul odor, and is a stable substance, so it can be temporarily stored in the storage tank as fuel. The supply amount can be freely adjusted to the melting furnace according to the required amount.
[0011]
A structure in which a secondary combustion chamber is connected to the melting furnace and a burner capable of exclusively burning pyrolysis gas is installed in the secondary combustion chamber, and a branch line of the pyrolysis gas line is introduced to the burner. Therefore , surplus pyrolysis gas can be burned by the burner in the secondary combustion chamber of the melting furnace, and sufficient residence time can be obtained only in the secondary combustion chamber, so the melting furnace is stopped. Even in this case, the entire amount of the pyrolysis gas can be combusted. Therefore, it is possible to operate the external heat kiln furnace and the melting furnace independently.
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0013]
FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2, the waste gas 6 is heated in the external heat kiln furnace 1 using the high temperature gas 10 generated in the hot air generator 9 as a heat source. In the structure to be decomposed, a rotary surface melting furnace 20 equipped with a burner 19 capable of exclusively burning the supplied pyrolysis gas is installed downstream of the external heat kiln furnace 1, and the burner of the melting furnace 20 is installed. 19, a pyrolysis gas line 14 connected to the upper portion of the separation chamber 7 of the external heat kiln furnace 1 is introduced, and the pyrolysis gas 6 a generated in the external heat kiln furnace 1 is burned by the burner 19 of the melting furnace 20. In addition, a storage tank 21 for storing a required amount of the pyrolysis residue 6b taken out from the lower part of the separation chamber 7 of the external heat kiln furnace 1 is provided and stored in the storage tank 21. The pyrolysis residue 6b is supplied to the crane 22 and the supply conveyor 23. To be supplied arbitrarily into melting furnace 20 through.
[0014]
Further, a secondary combustion chamber 24 is connected to the melting furnace 20, and a burner 25 capable of exclusively burning the supplied pyrolysis gas 6a is installed in the secondary combustion chamber 24. A branch line 26 branched from the cracked gas line 14 is introduced, and a waste heat recovery boiler is further provided on the outlet side of the secondary combustion chamber 24 so that the pyrolysis gas 6a can be combusted in the secondary combustion chamber 24. 18 is incorporated. The secondary combustion chamber 24 has a capacity capable of securing a sufficient residence time even when the pyrolysis gas 6a is entirely burned.
[0015]
In addition, 27 is an air line for sending combustion air to the burner 19 of the melting furnace 20, 28 is an air line for sending combustion air to the burner 25 of the secondary combustion chamber 24, 29 is a pyrolysis gas fan, and 30, 31 are adjusted. Indicates a valve. In FIG. 1, the same parts as those in FIG.
[0016]
The pyrolysis gas 6 a generated by the operation of the external heat kiln furnace 1 is supplied to the burner 19 of the melting furnace 20 from the upper part of the separation chamber 7 through the pyrolysis gas line 14. Therefore, when the pyrolysis residue 6b taken out from the lower part of the separation chamber 7 is supplied into the melting furnace 20, the pyrolysis residue 6b is melted by the auxiliary combustion by the burner 19 into the molten slag 6c. When the pyrolysis residue 6b is taken out from the separation chamber 7, it is temporarily stored in the storage tank 21, so that it passes through the crane 22 and the supply conveyor 23 according to the required amount of the melting furnace 20 system. Can be supplied into the melting furnace 20. That is, an amount necessary for power generation and heat utilization can be supplied to the melting furnace 20.
[0017]
In the above case, the pyrolysis residue 6b is in the form of fine charcoal and has a very small capacity compared to the waste 6 itself before pyrolysis and does not cause any sanitary problems. Storage is also possible.
[0018]
Further, the pyrolysis gas 6a is guided to a burner 25 installed in the secondary combustion chamber 24 of the melting furnace 20 through a branch line 26 branched from the pyrolysis gas line 14 even when the melting furnace 20 is stopped. Therefore, the pyrolysis gas 6a can be burned in the secondary combustion chamber 24 in its entirety.
[0019]
As described above, since the pyrolysis residue 6b taken out from the separation chamber 7 can be temporarily stored in the storage tank 21, if the storage tank 21 has a sufficient capacity, it is melted for maintenance or the like. Even when the operation of the furnace 20 is stopped, the generated residue 6b can be received. Further, since the pyrolysis gas 6a can be completely incinerated in the secondary combustion chamber 24, the external heat kiln furnace 1 can be operated independently, and the rated operation can be continued. Even when the operation of 1 is stopped, the melting furnace 1 can be operated independently if an external fuel such as propane is used as the auxiliary combustion material.
[0020]
In the above embodiment, the case where the rotary surface melting furnace 20 is used as the melting furnace is shown. However, any other type of burner type melting furnace may be used. In this embodiment, the crane 22 is used for transporting the pyrolysis residue 6b in the storage tank 21, but other transport means can be used as appropriate, and various other methods can be used without departing from the scope of the present invention. Of course, changes can be made.
[0021]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the waste pyrolysis gasification melting apparatus of the present invention, the following excellent effects are exhibited.
(1) A melting furnace equipped with a burner capable of exclusively burning pyrolysis gas is installed on the downstream side of the external heat kiln furnace for pyrolyzing waste, and the outlet side of the external heat kiln furnace is installed in the burner of the melting furnace. A pyrolysis gas line connected to the upper part of the separation chamber is installed, and a storage tank for storing the pyrolysis residue taken out from the lower part of the outlet side separation chamber of the external heat kiln furnace is provided. the pyrolysis residue is supplied to the melting furnace at the melting furnace to allow the pyrolysis gas and the co-firing guided through the pyrolysis gas line from the outer heat kiln, further, the pyrolysis gas A secondary combustion chamber is connected to a melting furnace that is capable of co-firing the pyrolysis residue with the burner, and the secondary combustion chamber is equipped with a burner capable of exclusively burning the entire amount of pyrolysis gas. Branch line branched from the pyrolysis gas line connected to the burner of the melting furnace Since the inlet is installed, and a separate control valve is provided at a position downstream of the branch position of the branch line in the pyrolysis gas line and the branch line, the heat extracted from the separation chamber The cracking residue can be stored in the storage tank as fuel, whereby the amount of pyrolysis residue required by the melting furnace system can be supplied to the melting furnace.
(2) In addition to burning the pyrolysis gas in the melting furnace, the pyrolysis gas can also be burned in the secondary combustion chamber. can do. Therefore, the pyrolysis residue can be stored for a long time in the storage tank, and the pyrolysis gas can be burned in the secondary combustion chamber, so that the external heat kiln furnace or the melting furnace can be operated alone. In addition, it is not necessary to stop the entire plant even when performing maintenance or the like.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an embodiment of a waste pyrolysis gasification melting apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a waste pyrolysis gasification melting apparatus.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 External heat kiln furnace 6 Waste 6a Pyrolysis gas 6b Pyrolysis residue 7 Separation chamber 14 Pyrolysis gas line 19 Burner 20 Rotary surface melting furnace (melting furnace)
21 Reservoir 24 Secondary combustion chamber 25 Burner 26 Branch line
30 Control valve
31 Control valve

Claims (1)

A melting furnace equipped with a burner capable of exclusively burning pyrolysis gas is installed downstream of the external heat kiln furnace for pyrolyzing waste, and the outlet side separation chamber of the external heat kiln furnace is installed in the burner of the melting furnace. A pyrolysis gas line connected to the upper part is installed, and a storage tank for storing the pyrolysis residue taken out from the lower part of the outlet side separation chamber of the external heat kiln furnace is provided, and the pyrolysis in the storage tank is provided. the residue was fed into the melting furnace, to allow pyrolysis gas and multi-fuel derived via pyrolysis gas line from the outer heat kiln furnace at the melting furnace, further, the pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis A secondary combustion chamber is connected to a melting furnace that is capable of co-firing the residue, and a burner capable of exclusively burning the entire amount of pyrolysis gas is installed in the secondary combustion chamber. Branch line branched from the pyrolysis gas line connected to the burner The waste pyrolysis is characterized in that the thermal decomposition gas line has a configuration in which a separate control valve is provided at a position downstream of the branch position of the branch line in the pyrolysis gas line and the branch line. Gasification and melting equipment.

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