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JP3977193B2 - Radiation shielding material and radiation shielding protective clothing using the same - Google Patents

Radiation shielding material and radiation shielding protective clothing using the same Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3977193B2
JP3977193B2 JP2002234448A JP2002234448A JP3977193B2 JP 3977193 B2 JP3977193 B2 JP 3977193B2 JP 2002234448 A JP2002234448 A JP 2002234448A JP 2002234448 A JP2002234448 A JP 2002234448A JP 3977193 B2 JP3977193 B2 JP 3977193B2
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radiation shielding
sheet
radiation
specific gravity
shielding material
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JP2004077170A (en
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斉 冨田
哲生 西川
勝充 福田
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Mitsubishi Chemical Corp
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Mitsubishi Chemical Corp
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、放射線を扱う医療従事者、原子力発電所作業者などが、エックス線などの放射線の被曝を防ぐために用いる放射線遮蔽材並びに放射線から作業員を保護するために用いられる放射線遮蔽用防護衣に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、放射線を扱う医療従事者、原子力発電所作業者らは、放射線の被曝を防ぐために放射線遮蔽材として鉛粉を含有したシートを用いた放射線遮蔽用防護衣(特開平58−60299号公報、特開昭61−258197号公報など)を着用し、作業を行っていた。
【0003】
また、鉛粉以外を用いた放射線遮蔽用防護衣として、特開平8−179090号公報には、タングステンを99質量%以下含有する熱可塑性樹脂を繊維状に形成し、該繊維をカバー材状に形成した放射線遮蔽材が開示されている。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
上述した特開昭58−60299号公報には、合成樹脂に鉛金属繊維を配合してシート状にしたものが開示されている。また、特開昭61−258197号公報には、鉛を主材とする放射線遮蔽シートと耐放射線性の布帛とを縫い合わせた材料を縫製して作成された放射線防護服の外表面に耐水性、耐放射線性の表地を接着してなる放射線防護服が開示されている。しかし、これら放射線防護衣には、鉛が含まれているため、表面が汚れたり、ゴムシートが破損したりして処分しようとしても環境破壊等の問題が生じ、容易に処分することができないものであった。また、これら放射線防護服は、作業に伴う折り曲げ、又は保管の際の折り曲げ等により、ひび割れ、亀裂が生じ易く、折り曲げ箇所から鉛含有シートが破損しやすいという問題があった。このため、これを知らずに放射線遮蔽用防護衣を使用した場合、放射線被曝してしまうことになりかねない。更に、これら放射線被爆を防ぐため、防護衣を定期的にX線で検査することが規定されているが、非常に手間がかかるものであった。
【0005】
特開平8−179090号公報には、タングステンを99質量%以下含有する熱可塑性樹脂を繊維状に形成し、該繊維をカバー材状に形成した放射線遮蔽材が開示されている。この遮蔽材を用いて防護衣を作成した場合、鉛を含有していないため、環境破壊等の問題は生ぜず、折り曲げに対する強度、通気性が改善される。しかしながら、放射線遮蔽材が薄いと、繊維間に隙間があるため放射線が漏れる恐れがある。また、タングステンの含有量を50質量%以上にした場合、繊維状に成形することが困難であり、高い放射線遮蔽能を付与するためには、タングステンを含有する熱可塑性樹脂繊維を多量に用いる必要があり、結果として厚手となり着用時においてごわつきが生じるものであった。
【0006】
従って、本発明の目的は、環境への影響が少なく、装着性、使用性が良好で、しかも折り曲げ等に対する強度が良好な放射線遮蔽材、放射線遮蔽用防護衣、及びその製造方法を提供することにある。更に、放射線遮蔽材に生じたひび割れ、亀裂等の損傷を従来のX線検査によらずとも、簡易な方法で確認できる放射線遮蔽用防護衣を提供する。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
即ち、本発明は、(1)タングステン粉末を主成分とする非鉛無機粉末と、(2)熱可塑性エラストマーを含有する、比重5以上の高比重シート1の表裏両面にカバー材2を配置し、カバー材2の一部又は全体に開閉可能な手段を有する部材2a’を用いた放射線遮蔽材Aである。
【0008】
好ましくは、前記カバー材2の少なくとも一方の面に透明性を有する部材2aを用いた放射線遮蔽材A、及び/又は、前記カバー材2の一部又は全体に開閉可能な手段を有する部材2a’を用いた放射線遮蔽材Aが挙げられる。
【0009】
本発明は、これら放射線遮蔽材Aにより形成されてなる放射線遮蔽用防護衣Bとすることにより、前記目的を達成する。
【0010】
また、本発明の放射線遮蔽材Aの製造方法は、高比重シート1押出成形法によりシート状に製造し、当該高比重シート1の表裏両面にカバー材2を接合させることを特徴とするものである。
【0011】
【発明の実施の形態】
添付図面に基づき、本発明の実施の形態及び実施例について本発明を詳細に説明する。
【0012】
図1は、本発明の実施例1〜5に示される放射線遮蔽材Aであって、高比重シート1とその表裏両面にカバー材2を配置し、着用時に内側にくる内張りに、透明性を有する部材2aを接着したものである。図2は、図1記載の放射線遮蔽材Aに更に防水、防油加工等を施した表地3を接着したものである。図3及び図4は、本発明の放射線遮蔽材Aを用いた放射線遮蔽用防護衣Bの着用時の外観図である。図5は、実施例6で示される放射線遮蔽用防護衣Bであって、着用時に内側にくる内張りの一部にファスナー、マジックテープ(登録商標)を取りつけ、カバー材2を開閉可能な手段を有する部材2a’として構成した時の外観図である。図6は、本発明の実施例の一例である放射線遮蔽用防護衣Bの着用時に内側にくる内張りの一部にマジックテープ(登録商標)を取りつけ、カバー材2を開閉可能な手段を有する部材2a’として構成した時の外観図である。
【0013】
本発明の放射線遮蔽材Aは、(1)タングステン粉末を主成分とする非鉛無機粉末と、(2)熱可塑性エラストマーを含有する、比重5以上の高比重シート1、及びその表裏両面に配置されるカバー材2によって構成される。
【0014】
放射線遮蔽材を構成する高比重シートは、タングステン粉末を主成分とする非鉛無機粉末と、熱可塑性エラストマーとを含有する比重5以上のもので有ることが肝要である。高比重シートの比重が5未満の場合、JIS Z4831に規定されている鉛等量を満足するためには、高比重シート1の厚みが1.2mm以上必要となり、身体に装着した場合、ごわごわとした着心地となり、使用性が著しく悪化し、作業にも不適となるため好ましくない。
【0015】
高比重シート1に用いる熱可塑性エラストマーは、分子中に弾性を持つゴム成分(軟質相)と、塑性変形を防止するための分子拘束成分(硬質相)との両成分を持っており、軟質相の分子運動が局所的に硬質相によって拘束されているため、常温ではゴム弾性体としての挙動をとるが、温度上昇によって塑性変形をする高分子材料のことである。
【0016】
高比重シート1に用いる熱可塑性エラストマーとしては、具体的には、ポリスチレンの硬質相とポリブタジエン、ポリイソプレンまたは水素添加ポリブタジエンの軟質相からなるポリスチレン系、ポリエチレンまたはポリプロピレンの硬質相とエチレン・プロピレン・ジエン共重合体(EPDM)またはブチルゴムの軟質相からなるポリオレフィン系、ポリエステルの硬質相とポリエーテルまたはポリエステルの軟質相からなるポリエステル系、ポリアミドの硬質相とポリエステルまたはポリエーテルの軟質相からなるポリアミド系、ウレタンの硬質相とポリエステルまたはポリエーテルの軟質相からなるポリウレタン系、金属カルボキシレートイオンクラスターの硬質相と非結晶ポリエチレンの軟質相からなるアイオノマー系等があげられる。
【0017】
これらのうち、特にポリスチレン系、及びポリエステル系の熱可塑製エラストマーを用いると、折り曲げに対する耐性が向上し、着用時の感触も良好となり、好ましい。
【0018】
本発明はタングステン粉末を主成分とするものであるが、適宜タングステン以外の非鉛無機粉末を含有させることができる。ここでタングステン粉末を主成分とするとは、高比重シート1の全質量に対して、少なくとも70質量%、好ましくは80質量%をタングステン粉末が占めることを表す。タングステン粉末の含有量が70質量%未満であると、放射線遮蔽材Aの比重を5以上とするのが困難となるためである。
【0019】
本発明で用いられるタングステン粉末は、タングステン金属と、その化学的に不活性の化合物、例えば酸化タングステン、炭化タングステンを含む金属を粒状としたものである。タングステン以外の非鉛無機粉末としては、具体的には、イリジウム、鉄、ステンレス鋼、亜鉛、銅、真鍮、錫、チタン、ニッケル等の金属、酸化鉄、酸化亜鉛、酸化アンチモン、フェライト、硫酸バリウム等の金属化合物及びこれら2種以上の混合物が挙げられる。特に、タングステン粉末、又はタングステン粉末と硫酸バリウム粉末との混合物が、放射線遮蔽能が高く好ましい。
【0020】
高比重シート1に使用する非鉛無機粉末の平均粒径(以下、粒径と記す)は、特に限定されないが、好ましくは300μm以下、より好ましくは100μm以下である。特にシートの平滑性を重視する場合には30μm以下が好ましい。また、粒径が小さくなると、表面積が大きくなり、熱可塑性エラストマーの使用量が増えるため、粒径は2μm以上が好ましく、更に好ましくは3μm以上である。
【0021】
また、高比重シート1に使用する非鉛無機粉末は、樹脂との親和性を高める場合には、カップリング処理をして用いることが好ましい。カップリング剤としては、チタネート系、アルミニウム系、シラン系等が用いられる。本発明においては、シラン系カップリング剤が最も親和性改善効果が高く好ましい。
【0022】
高比重シートの厚さは、要求される遮蔽能力により異なるが、鉛等量が0.5mmPb程度のシートとする場合、好ましくは1.0mm以下、更に好ましくは0.8mm以下である。この範囲であれば、着用時のごわつき感が抑えられ、使用性が良好となる。
【0023】
放射線遮蔽材Aの表裏両面に用いるカバー材2は折り曲げ等に対しての耐性を向上させるために、柔軟性を有する部材であることが好ましい。柔軟性を有する部材とは、ポリエチレン、加硫ゴムなどの柔軟性を有する発泡シート、ポリエステル、ナイロン、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、木綿、麻、綿、ロックウール、セラミック、カーボン、ガラス、金属などの有機又は無機の繊維製シートなどが挙げられる。このような部材を放射線遮蔽材に接合することにより、着用時の感触が良好となり、外部からの衝撃により、放射線遮蔽材が傷付くことを防止できる。
【0024】
更に本発明の放射線遮蔽材の表裏両面に用いるカバー材2として、少なくとも一方の面に、透明性を有する部材2aを用いるのが好ましい。ここで、透明性を有するとは、光が透過し、他の物質が透けて見える状態を指す。これによって、放射線遮蔽材を繰り返し折り曲げて生じた、ひび割れ、亀裂等の破れた部分を容易に確認することができ、これらによる放射線漏れが発生する前に、破損状況を自己点検で確認できるようになる。また、透明性を有する部材2aは、着用時に身体側になるように内貼りとすることが好ましい。破損状況の確認には、カバー材が高い透明性を有することが不可欠であるが、外貼りに用いた場合、放射線の影響により変色、劣化等が発生しやすく、経時の使用による透明性が維持出来ないためである。
【0025】
本発明の樹脂組成物で使用する熱安定剤としては、例えば、射出成形時、追記型光ディスクに熱安定性を付与する目的で添加する。本発明の追記型光ディスクには、熱安定剤を、芳香族ポリカーボネート樹脂に対して0.002〜0.05重量%含んでいることが必要である。好ましい量としては、芳香族ポリカーボネート樹脂に対して0.002〜0.04重量%含むのが好ましい。熱安定剤が芳香族ポリカーボネート樹脂に対して0.05重量%を超えて存在すると、耐加水分解性が悪化する傾向にある。
【0026】
本発明においては、放射線遮蔽材Aに付与するカバー材2の一部又は全体に開閉可能な手段を有する部材2a’を用いる。又は、透明性を有する部材に開閉可能な手段を設けても良い。具体的には、図5又は図6に記載されるように少なくともカバー材2の端部に、連続的又は一定間隔でファスナー、マジックテープ(登録商標)、ボタン等の仮止め部を設け、カバー材2の一部又は全体を開閉可能とするものである。
【0027】
これにより、始業時の自己点検によって、ひび割れや亀裂の有無等の破損状況を目視により確認することが可能となり、ひび割れや亀裂の生じている箇所近辺のみを重点的に検査することで、現在行われている定期的な検査を大幅に簡略化することができる。
【0028】
また更に、放射線遮蔽用防護衣Bの表面の汚れを防止するために、放射線遮蔽材Aの最外部に表地3として、汚れを内部に浸透させず、表面に付着したゴミやホコリなどを簡単に洗い落とすことができる部材で作ることが好ましい。例えば、防水加工、防油加工等の処理を施した部材が挙げられる。
【0029】
本発明の放射線遮蔽用防護衣Bの形状は特に制限されないが、チョッキ型、ポンチョ型、エプロン型などの種々の形態を採用し得る。本発明の一例として、図3及び図4に記載される、JIS Z4831に規定されたサイズのエプロン型の放射線遮蔽用防護衣Bが挙げられる。同図に示されるエプロンは、一体に成形された放射線遮蔽材を体の前面及び背面の一部を覆う形状で縫製して得られたものである。背面部分にはマジックテープ(登録商標)部を設けてあり、着用者のサイズに合わせて、止めることが可能である。また、ベルト部は、一部が放射線遮蔽用防護衣Bに接合されて、ベルトのみが紛失しないようにしてある。
【0030】
本発明の高比重シート1の製造方法は、例えば、タングステン粉末を主体とした非鉛無機粉末と熱可塑性エラストマーを混練して得られたペレットをカレンダー成形、圧縮成形、押出成形等を行い、高比重シートを得ることができる。また、タングステン粉末を主体とした非鉛無機粉末と熱可塑性エラストマーを混練、ペレット化せずに、直接、カレンダー成形、圧縮成形、押出成形等に供してシートを得る方法も挙げられる。特に、生産性、表面の平滑性が良好な押出製膜機を使用する押出成形が好ましい。
【0031】
本発明で使用される押出成形法は、可塑性原料をスクリュー或いは非スクリュー方式により加圧し、口金を通して押出す成形加工法である。シートの表面平滑さを重視するためには樹脂の圧力が重要となる。例えば、Tダイ幅400mm、シート厚みが0.4mmの場合、ギアポンプ出口にかかる樹脂圧力は、6MPa以上であることが好ましく、当該樹脂圧力になるように、シート押出製膜機のシリンダー温度やTダイ温度、吐出量を調整すればよい。
【0032】
本発明の高比重シート1には、本発明の効果を損なわない範囲で、結晶核剤、滑剤、離型剤、酸化防止剤、着色剤、難燃剤、耐候安定剤、架橋剤等を添加することもできる。
【0033】
本発明の放射線遮蔽用材Aの製造方法は、上記高比重シート1上にカバー材2を積層し製造されるが、カバー材2の積層方法は特に制限されない。また、高比重シート1は、要求される遮蔽能力より適宜、積層して用いることができる。これらの積層方法としては、例えば、ホットメルト接着剤、粘着剤、硬化樹脂接着剤などを用いた接着、又は熱融着による方法、或いは縫合する方法等を採用することができる。カバー材2に非晶性ポリエステル樹脂シートのような熱融着性を有する部材を用いる場合には、本発明の高比重シート1は熱融着性が良いので、熱融着法により積層させるのが好ましい。
【0034】
本発明の放射線遮蔽用防護衣Bの製造方法は、特に制限されないが、本発明の放射線遮蔽材Aを用いて縫製される。また、カバー材2は、部分的に積層させて用いることができ、例えば、着用時に肩の部分には放射線遮蔽用防護衣Bの重量がかかるため、重量負担を軽減させるために、カバー材2を重ねて用い、人体の凹凸になじむようにして製造することが好ましい。積層方法は、特に制限されず、上述したように種々の方法を採用することができる。
【0035】
【発明の効果】
本発明の放射線遮蔽用防護衣は、装着性、使用性が良好で、しかも折り曲げ等に対する強度が良好な放射線遮蔽用防護衣を提供することができる。また、タングステン粉末を主成分とする非鉛無機粉末と熱可塑性エラストマーを含有する高比重シートを放射線遮蔽材として使用しているため、鉛のような環境汚染の問題はない。更に、保管の際に生じやすい高比重シート破損の有無は、カバー材を透明性のある材料にするか、又はカバー材の一部又は全体にファスナー等を付けて開閉式にすることによって、容易に確認することができる。
【0036】
【実施例】
以下、実施例において詳細に説明する。尚、放射線遮蔽用防護衣のX線に対する遮蔽性はJIS Z4501の6に基づき、試験片から200mm上部の固定絞りを通過させて試験片への照射幅を10mmとして試験し、鉛等量を測定した。試験に用いるX線は、管電圧100kV、第一半価層が3.7mmAl、リプル百分率10%のものを用いた。
【0037】
実施例1−5、比較例1
表1に示した熱可塑性エラストマー及びカップリング(東レダウコーニング社製 アミノシリコン系 SH6020)処理を施した非鉛無機粉末を配合し、2軸混練押出機で混練してペレット化した。得られたペレットをシート押出製膜機(Tダイ幅 400mm、シリンダー及びTダイ温度 230℃)に供し、鉛等量が0.50mmPb以上になるような厚みの高比重シートを得た。タングステン粉末(東京タングステン社製)は、粒径13μmのものを用いた。
【0038】
また、得られたシートを用い、JIS Z4831に規定されたサイズの防護衣(エプロン)を縫製した。図1に示すように表面にはEP製のシートを、裏面(内貼り)には透明なポリエステル系樹脂(イソフタル酸共重合PET)製シートを用いた。
【0039】
得られた防護衣を5人の被験者に着用したときの使用性を以下の基準により評価してもらい、その合計点数(15点満点)を表1に合わせて記載した。
【0040】

Figure 0003977193
【0041】
【表1】
Figure 0003977193
【0042】
実施例6
実施例1で使用した放射線遮蔽材を用い、JIS Z4831に規定されたサイズの防護衣(エプロン)を縫製した。また、表面及び裏面ともEP製のシートを使用した。また、図5に示すように裏面の一部に縦方向に開閉するファスナーとマジックテープ(登録商標)を取り付けた。この防護衣は、着用時にごわつき感が少なく、着心地は良好であった。また、ファスナーを開閉することで、放射線遮蔽材の状態を容易に確認することができる。
【0043】
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】実施例1〜5記載の放射線遮断材Aの部分断面図
【図2】表地3を付した図1記載の放射線遮蔽材Aの部分断面図
【図3】放射線遮蔽用防護衣Bの正面外観図
【図4】放射線遮蔽用防護衣Bの背面外観図
【図5】実施例6記載の放射線遮蔽用防護衣Bの裏側外観図
【図6】本発明の一例である放射線遮蔽用防護衣Bの裏側外観図
【符号の説明】
A 放射線遮蔽材
B 放射線遮蔽用防護衣
1 高比重シート
2 カバー材
2a 透明性を有する部材
2a’ 開閉可能な手段を有する部材
3 表地
4 ベルト部
5 マジックテープ(登録商標)部
6 ファスナー部
7 固定部
8 カバー材2を止めるためのマジックテープ(登録商標)部[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a radiation shielding material used for preventing radiation exposure such as X-rays by medical personnel, nuclear power plant workers, and the like who handle radiation, and radiation shielding protective clothing used to protect workers from radiation.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, medical workers handling radiation and nuclear power plant workers have used radiation shielding protective clothing using a sheet containing lead powder as a radiation shielding material in order to prevent radiation exposure (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 58-60299, No. 61-258197, etc.) was worn and worked.
[0003]
In addition, as radiation shielding protective clothing using other than lead powder, JP-A-8-179090 discloses that a thermoplastic resin containing 99% by mass or less of tungsten is formed into a fiber shape, and the fiber is formed into a cover material. A formed radiation shielding material is disclosed.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
JP-A-58-60299 described above discloses a sheet formed by blending lead metal fibers with a synthetic resin. In addition, JP-A-61-258197 discloses water resistance on the outer surface of a radiation protective clothing made by sewing a material obtained by sewing a radiation shielding sheet mainly composed of lead and a radiation-resistant fabric. A radiation protective suit formed by adhering a radiation-resistant surface is disclosed. However, since these radiation protective clothing contain lead, problems such as environmental destruction occur even if the surface is dirty or the rubber sheet is damaged, and cannot be disposed of easily. Met. In addition, these radiation protective suits have a problem that cracks and cracks are likely to occur due to bending during work, folding during storage, and the like, and the lead-containing sheet is easily damaged from the bent portion. For this reason, if the protective clothing for radiation shielding is used without knowing this, it may result in radiation exposure. Furthermore, in order to prevent these radiation exposures, it is stipulated that the protective clothing should be periodically inspected with X-rays, but this is very time-consuming.
[0005]
JP-A-8-179090 discloses a radiation shielding material in which a thermoplastic resin containing 99% by mass or less of tungsten is formed in a fiber shape, and the fiber is formed in a cover material shape. When protective clothing is made using this shielding material, since it does not contain lead, problems such as environmental destruction do not occur, and strength against bending and air permeability are improved. However, if the radiation shielding material is thin, there is a risk that radiation will leak because there is a gap between the fibers. Further, when the content of tungsten is 50% by mass or more, it is difficult to form into a fiber shape, and in order to impart high radiation shielding ability, it is necessary to use a large amount of thermoplastic resin fibers containing tungsten. As a result, it was thick, and it became sticky when worn.
[0006]
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a radiation shielding material, a radiation shielding protective garment, and a method for producing the same, which have little influence on the environment, good wearability and usability, and good strength against bending. It is in. Furthermore, there is provided a radiation shielding protective garment capable of confirming damage such as cracks and cracks generated in the radiation shielding material by a simple method without using conventional X-ray inspection.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
That is, the present invention has (1) a lead-free inorganic powder mainly composed of tungsten powder and (2) a cover material 2 on both front and back surfaces of a high specific gravity sheet 1 containing a thermoplastic elastomer and having a specific gravity of 5 or more. This is a radiation shielding material A using a member 2 a ′ having means that can be opened and closed on a part or the whole of the cover material 2 .
[0008]
Preferably, at least one surface of the cover material 2 is a radiation shielding material A using a transparent member 2a, and / or a member 2a ′ having a part that can be opened and closed on a part or the whole of the cover material 2. And radiation shielding material A using
[0009]
This invention achieves the said objective by setting it as the radiation protective clothing B formed with these radiation shielding materials A.
[0010]
Moreover, the manufacturing method of the radiation shielding material A of the present invention is characterized in that the high specific gravity sheet 1 is manufactured into a sheet shape by an extrusion method, and the cover material 2 is bonded to both the front and back surfaces of the high specific gravity sheet 1. It is.
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
[0012]
FIG. 1 is a radiation shielding material A shown in Examples 1 to 5 of the present invention, in which a high specific gravity sheet 1 and cover materials 2 are arranged on both front and back surfaces, and transparency is applied to a lining that comes inside when worn. The member 2a having the adhesive is bonded. FIG. 2 shows the radiation shielding material A shown in FIG. 1 bonded with a surface material 3 that is further waterproofed or oilproofed. 3 and 4 are external views when the protective clothing B for radiation shielding using the radiation shielding material A of the present invention is worn. FIG. 5 shows a radiation shielding protective garment B shown in Example 6, in which a fastener 6 and Velcro (registered trademark) 8 can be attached to a part of the inner lining that is inside when worn, and the cover material 2 can be opened and closed. It is an external view when comprised as member 2a 'which has a means. FIG. 6 shows a means for attaching a magic tape (registered trademark) 8 to a part of the inner lining that comes inward when wearing the protective clothing B for radiation shielding, which is an example of the embodiment of the present invention, and capable of opening and closing the cover material 2. It is an external view when comprised as member 2a '.
[0013]
The radiation shielding material A of the present invention includes (1) a non-lead inorganic powder mainly composed of tungsten powder, and (2) a high specific gravity sheet 1 containing a thermoplastic elastomer and having a specific gravity of 5 or more, and disposed on both front and back surfaces. It is comprised by the cover material 2 made.
[0014]
It is important that the high specific gravity sheet constituting the radiation shielding material has a specific gravity of 5 or more containing a lead-free inorganic powder mainly composed of tungsten powder and a thermoplastic elastomer. When the specific gravity of the high specific gravity sheet is less than 5, the thickness of the high specific gravity sheet 1 is required to be 1.2 mm or more in order to satisfy the lead equivalent specified in JIS Z4831. It is not preferable because it is comfortable to wear, and the usability is remarkably deteriorated and unsuitable for work.
[0015]
The thermoplastic elastomer used for the high specific gravity sheet 1 has both a rubber component (soft phase) having elasticity in the molecule and a molecular constraint component (hard phase) for preventing plastic deformation. Since the molecular motion is locally constrained by the hard phase, it is a polymer material that behaves as a rubber elastic body at room temperature but undergoes plastic deformation as the temperature rises.
[0016]
Specific examples of the thermoplastic elastomer used in the high specific gravity sheet 1 include a polystyrene-based hard phase of polystyrene and a soft phase of polybutadiene, polyisoprene or hydrogenated polybutadiene, a hard phase of polyethylene or polypropylene, and ethylene / propylene / diene. Polyolefin system comprising a soft phase of copolymer (EPDM) or butyl rubber, polyester system comprising a hard phase of polyester and polyether or polyester soft phase, polyamide system comprising a hard phase of polyamide and soft phase of polyester or polyether, Examples include polyurethane systems consisting of a hard urethane phase and a soft polyester or polyether phase, and ionomer systems consisting of a metal carboxylate ion cluster hard phase and an amorphous polyethylene soft phase. .
[0017]
Among these, in particular, use of a polystyrene-based and polyester-based thermoplastic elastomer is preferable because resistance to bending is improved and a feeling during wearing is improved.
[0018]
The present invention is mainly composed of tungsten powder, but non-lead inorganic powders other than tungsten can be appropriately contained. Here, having tungsten powder as a main component means that the tungsten powder occupies at least 70 mass%, preferably 80 mass%, with respect to the total mass of the high specific gravity sheet 1. It is because it will become difficult for the specific gravity of the radiation shielding material A to be 5 or more as content of tungsten powder is less than 70 mass%.
[0019]
The tungsten powder used in the present invention is a granular form of tungsten metal and a metal containing a chemically inert compound such as tungsten oxide or tungsten carbide. Specific examples of non-lead inorganic powders other than tungsten include metals such as iridium, iron, stainless steel, zinc, copper, brass, tin, titanium, nickel, iron oxide, zinc oxide, antimony oxide, ferrite, and barium sulfate. And a mixture of two or more thereof. In particular, tungsten powder or a mixture of tungsten powder and barium sulfate powder is preferable because of its high radiation shielding ability.
[0020]
The average particle size (hereinafter referred to as particle size) of the lead-free inorganic powder used for the high specific gravity sheet 1 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 300 μm or less, more preferably 100 μm or less. In particular, when importance is attached to the smoothness of the sheet, it is preferably 30 μm or less. Moreover, since a surface area will become large and the usage-amount of a thermoplastic elastomer will increase when a particle size becomes small, a particle size is preferably 2 micrometers or more, More preferably, it is 3 micrometers or more.
[0021]
Further, the non-lead inorganic powder used for the high specific gravity sheet 1 is preferably used after being subjected to a coupling treatment in order to increase the affinity with the resin. As the coupling agent, titanate, aluminum, silane and the like are used. In the present invention, a silane coupling agent is most preferable because it has the highest affinity improving effect.
[0022]
The thickness of the high specific gravity sheet varies depending on the required shielding ability, but is preferably 1.0 mm or less, and more preferably 0.8 mm or less when the lead equivalent is about 0.5 mmPb. If it is this range, the feeling of firmness at the time of wear will be suppressed and usability will become good.
[0023]
The cover material 2 used on both the front and back surfaces of the radiation shielding material A is preferably a flexible member in order to improve resistance to bending or the like. The flexible member is a foamed sheet having flexibility such as polyethylene and vulcanized rubber, polyester, nylon, polyethylene, polypropylene, cotton, hemp, cotton, rock wool, ceramic, carbon, glass, metal or other organic or Examples include inorganic fiber sheets. By bonding such a member to the radiation shielding material, the feel at the time of wearing becomes good, and the radiation shielding material can be prevented from being damaged by an external impact.
[0024]
Further, as the cover material 2 used on both the front and back surfaces of the radiation shielding material of the present invention, it is preferable to use a transparent member 2a on at least one surface. Here, having transparency refers to a state in which light is transmitted and other substances can be seen through. As a result, it is possible to easily check cracked parts such as cracks and cracks caused by repeated bending of the radiation shielding material, and to check the damage status by self-inspection before radiation leakage occurs. Become. Moreover, it is preferable to make the member 2a which has transparency into an inner side so that it may become a body side at the time of wear. It is indispensable for the cover material to have high transparency to confirm the damage status. However, when used for external attachment, discoloration, deterioration, etc. are likely to occur due to the effect of radiation, and transparency over time is maintained. This is because it cannot be done.
[0025]
The heat stabilizer used in the resin composition of the present invention is added, for example, for the purpose of imparting thermal stability to a write-once optical disc during injection molding. The write-once optical disc of the present invention, a heat stabilizer, it is necessary that Nde 0.002 to 0.05 wt% containing the aromatic polycarbonate resin. As a preferable amount, it is preferable to contain 0.002-0.04 weight% with respect to aromatic polycarbonate resin. When the heat stabilizer is present in an amount exceeding 0.05% by weight based on the aromatic polycarbonate resin, the hydrolysis resistance tends to deteriorate.
[0026]
In the present invention, a member 2a 'with openable means part or the whole of the cover member 2 to be applied to the radiation shielding material A. Or it may be provided that can be opened and closed means member having transparency. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 5 or FIG. 6, at least the end of the cover material 2 is provided with temporary fixing portions such as fasteners, Velcro (registered trademark), buttons, etc. continuously or at regular intervals. A part or the whole of the material 2 can be opened and closed.
[0027]
As a result, self-inspection at the start of work makes it possible to visually check the state of damage such as cracks and cracks, and by focusing on only the areas near cracks and cracks, It is possible to greatly simplify regular inspections.
[0028]
Furthermore, in order to prevent the surface of the radiation shielding protective clothing B from being soiled, the outermost surface of the radiation shielding material A can be used as a surface material 3 so that dirt or dust attached to the surface can be easily removed without penetrating the soil inside. It is preferably made of a member that can be washed off. For example, the member which gave processing, such as waterproofing and oil-proofing, is mentioned.
[0029]
Although the shape of the protective clothing B for radiation shielding of the present invention is not particularly limited, various forms such as a waistcoat type, a poncho type, and an apron type can be adopted. As an example of the present invention, an apron type radiation shielding protective clothing B having a size defined in JIS Z4831 described in FIGS. 3 and 4 may be mentioned. The apron shown in the figure is obtained by sewing an integrally formed radiation shielding material so as to cover a part of the front and back of the body. A magic tape (registered trademark) portion 5 is provided on the back surface portion, and can be stopped in accordance with the size of the wearer. The belt portion 4 is partially joined to the radiation shielding protective clothing B so that only the belt is not lost.
[0030]
The method for producing the high specific gravity sheet 1 of the present invention includes, for example, calendering, compression molding, extrusion molding and the like of pellets obtained by kneading a lead-free inorganic powder mainly composed of tungsten powder and a thermoplastic elastomer. A specific gravity sheet can be obtained. In addition, a method of directly obtaining a sheet by calendering, compression molding, extrusion molding or the like without kneading and pelletizing the lead-free inorganic powder mainly composed of tungsten powder and the thermoplastic elastomer is also included. In particular, extrusion molding using an extrusion film-forming machine with good productivity and surface smoothness is preferable.
[0031]
The extrusion molding method used in the present invention is a molding method in which a plastic raw material is pressurized by a screw or non-screw method and extruded through a die. In order to emphasize the surface smoothness of the sheet, the pressure of the resin is important. For example, when the T die width is 400 mm and the sheet thickness is 0.4 mm, the resin pressure applied to the gear pump outlet is preferably 6 MPa or more, and the cylinder temperature of the sheet extrusion film forming machine or T The die temperature and the discharge amount may be adjusted.
[0032]
To the high specific gravity sheet 1 of the present invention, a crystal nucleating agent, a lubricant, a mold release agent, an antioxidant, a colorant, a flame retardant, a weathering stabilizer, a crosslinking agent and the like are added as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired. You can also.
[0033]
The manufacturing method of the radiation shielding material A of the present invention is manufactured by laminating the cover material 2 on the high specific gravity sheet 1, but the laminating method of the cover material 2 is not particularly limited. The high density sheet 1 is more appropriate to the required shielding ability, can be laminated. As these lamination methods, for example, a method using a hot melt adhesive, a pressure-sensitive adhesive, a cured resin adhesive, or the like, a method by heat fusion, or a stitching method can be employed. In the case where a member having a heat fusion property such as an amorphous polyester resin sheet is used for the cover material 2, the high specific gravity sheet 1 of the present invention has a good heat fusion property. Is preferred.
[0034]
Although the manufacturing method of the protective clothing B for radiation shielding of this invention is not restrict | limited, it sews using the radiation shielding material A of this invention. Further, the cover material 2 can be partially laminated and used. For example, since the weight of the radiation shielding protective garment B is applied to the shoulder portion when worn, the cover material 2 is used to reduce the weight burden. It is preferable to manufacture the layer so as to adapt to the unevenness of the human body. The lamination method is not particularly limited, and various methods can be adopted as described above.
[0035]
【The invention's effect】
The radiation shielding protective garment of the present invention can provide a radiation shielding protective garment having good wearability and usability, and having good strength against bending and the like. Further, since a high specific gravity sheet containing a lead-free inorganic powder mainly composed of tungsten powder and a thermoplastic elastomer is used as a radiation shielding material, there is no problem of environmental pollution such as lead. In addition, the presence or absence of high specific gravity sheet breakage that is likely to occur during storage can be easily done by making the cover material transparent, or by attaching a fastener or the like to a part of or the entire cover material to make it openable. Can be confirmed.
[0036]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the embodiment will be described in detail. In addition, the shielding property against X-ray of the protective clothing for radiation shielding is based on JIS Z4501-6, passing through a fixed aperture 200mm above the test piece and testing the irradiation width to the test piece to 10mm, and measuring the lead equivalent did. The X-ray used for the test was a tube voltage of 100 kV, a first half-value layer of 3.7 mm Al, and a ripple percentage of 10%.
[0037]
Example 1-5, Comparative Example 1
The non-lead inorganic powder which gave the thermoplastic elastomer shown in Table 1 and the coupling (Amino silicon type SH6020 manufactured by Toray Dow Corning Co., Ltd.) was blended and kneaded with a twin-screw kneading extruder to be pelletized. The obtained pellets were subjected to a sheet extrusion film forming machine (T die width 400 mm, cylinder and T die temperature 230 ° C.) to obtain a high specific gravity sheet having a thickness such that the lead equivalent was 0.50 mm Pb or more. Tungsten powder (manufactured by Tokyo Tungsten Co., Ltd.) having a particle size of 13 μm was used.
[0038]
Moreover, the protective clothing (apron) of the size prescribed | regulated to JISZ4831 was sewn using the obtained sheet | seat. As shown in FIG. 1, a sheet made of EP was used on the front surface, and a sheet made of a transparent polyester resin (isophthalic acid copolymerized PET) was used on the back surface (internally attached).
[0039]
Usability when the obtained protective garments were worn by five test subjects was evaluated according to the following criteria, and the total score (maximum of 15 points) was listed in Table 1.
[0040]
Figure 0003977193
[0041]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003977193
[0042]
Example 6
Using the radiation shielding material used in Example 1, protective clothing (apron) having a size defined in JIS Z4831 was sewn. Moreover, the sheet | seat made from EP was used for the surface and the back surface. Also, as shown in FIG. 5, a fastener that opens and closes in the vertical direction and Velcro (registered trademark) are attached to a part of the back surface. This protective garment was less stiff when worn and was comfortable to wear. Moreover, the state of the radiation shielding material can be easily confirmed by opening and closing the fastener.
[0043]
[Brief description of the drawings]
1 is a partial cross-sectional view of the radiation shielding material A described in Examples 1 to 5. FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the radiation shielding material A illustrated in FIG. FIG. 4 is a rear external view of the radiation shielding protective garment B. FIG. 5 is a rear side external view of the radiation shielding protective garment B described in Example 6. FIG. 6 is a radiation shielding example of the present invention. Back side appearance of protective clothing B [Explanation of symbols]
A Radiation shielding material B Radiation shielding protective clothing 1 High specific gravity sheet 2 Cover material 2a Transparent member 2a ′ Member having openable / closable means 3 Outer material 4 Belt portion 5 Velcro tape (registered trademark) portion 6 Fastener portion 7 Fixing Part 8 Magic tape (registered trademark) part for fastening the cover material 2

Claims (3)

(1)タングステン粉末を主成分とする非鉛系無機粉末と、
(2)熱可塑性エラストマーを含有する、比重5以上の高比重シート1の表裏両面にカバー材2を配置し、カバー材2の一部又は全体に開閉可能な手段を有する部材2a’を用いた放射線遮蔽材A。
(1) a lead-free inorganic powder mainly composed of tungsten powder;
(2) The cover material 2 is disposed on both the front and back surfaces of the high specific gravity sheet 1 containing a thermoplastic elastomer and having a specific gravity of 5 or more, and a member 2a ′ having a means that can be opened and closed on a part or the whole of the cover material 2 is used. Radiation shielding material A.
前記カバー材2の少なくとも一方の面に透明性を有する部材2aを用いた請求項1記載の放射線遮蔽材A。  The radiation shielding material A according to claim 1, wherein a member 2 a having transparency is used on at least one surface of the cover material 2. 請求項1又は2項記載の放射線遮蔽材Aにより形成されてなる放射線遮蔽用防護衣B。  Radiation shielding protective clothing B formed by the radiation shielding material A according to claim 1 or 2.
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JPH0250324A (en) * 1988-08-12 1990-02-20 Canon Inc Information recording and reproducing device
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