JP3969065B2 - Method for producing alkyl aryl carbonate - Google Patents
Method for producing alkyl aryl carbonate Download PDFInfo
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- JP3969065B2 JP3969065B2 JP2001352848A JP2001352848A JP3969065B2 JP 3969065 B2 JP3969065 B2 JP 3969065B2 JP 2001352848 A JP2001352848 A JP 2001352848A JP 2001352848 A JP2001352848 A JP 2001352848A JP 3969065 B2 JP3969065 B2 JP 3969065B2
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- -1 alkyl aryl carbonate Chemical compound 0.000 title claims description 22
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical group COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005809 transesterification reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000005233 alkylalcohol group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012295 chemical reaction liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 54
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 32
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 7
- XTBFPVLHGVYOQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl phenyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 XTBFPVLHGVYOQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- GUNDKLAGHABJDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate;methanol Chemical group OC.COC(=O)OC GUNDKLAGHABJDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ROORDVPLFPIABK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl carbonate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 ROORDVPLFPIABK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007323 disproportionation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
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- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、ジアルキルカーボネートと芳香族ヒドロキシ化合物とのエステル交換反応により、アルキルアリールカーボネートを製造する方法に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
ジアルキルカーボネートと芳香族ヒドロキシ化合物とを、触媒の存在下にエステル交換反応させて、アルキルアリールカーボネートを製造することは公知であり、得られたアルキルアリールカーボネートは、次いで不均化反応させてジアリールカーボネートにする。
【0003】
ジアルキルカーボネートと芳香族ヒドロキシ化合物とのエステル交換反応は平衡反応であり、しかも平衡はジアルキルカーボネート側に大きく偏っており、かつ反応速度は一般に遅いので、このエステル交換反応によりアルキルアリールカーボネートを効率よく製造するため、触媒及びプロセスの双方について多くの検討がなされている。このエステル交換反応でアルキルアリールカーボネートの生成を促進する一つの方法は、特開平6−157410号公報に記載されているように、反応器に蒸留塔を付設し、反応器の気相部から抜出したガスをこの蒸留塔に導入して蒸留し、反応で副生したアルキルアルコールを蒸留塔の塔頂から系外に除去し、塔底から流出するジアルキルカーボネートは反応器に戻して、反応器内のアルキルアルコールの濃度を低く保つことである。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
特開平6−157410号公報に記載されている、付設されている蒸留塔により副生したアルキルアルコールを系外に除去しながらエステル交換反応を行う方法は、優れた方法ではあるが、工業的に実施するには、反応系内の副生アルキルアルコール濃度を更に低下させるのが望ましい。また、製造過程においては供給する熱量を最小限にし、発生する廃熱を有効に回収するのが経済的にも望ましい。本発明はこのような要望に応えようとするものである。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明によれば、反応器に触媒、ジアルキルカーボネート及び芳香族ヒドロキシ化合物を連続的に供給して、エステル交換反応させ、アルキルアリールカーボネートを生成させるに際し、反応器の気相部からジアルキルカーボネート及び副生したアルキルアルコールを含むガスを抜出し、これを熱交換器で熱交換させて液化したのち、塔底部にリボイラーを備えた蒸留塔の中段に供給して反応器の気相部の圧力よりも高い圧力で蒸留し、蒸留塔の塔頂からアルキルアルコールを留出させ、塔底からジアルキルカーボネートを流出させて反応器に戻すことにより、反応系全体として、効率よくかつ経済的にも有利にアルキルアリールカーボネートを製造することができる。
【0006】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明においては、反応に供するジアルキルカーボネート、芳香族ヒドロキシ化合物及び両者を反応させてアルキルアリールカーボネートを生成させるエステル交換触媒としては、従来からこの反応に用い得ることが知られている任意のものを用いることができる。周知のように、このエステル交換反応によるアルキルアリールカーボネートの製造方法の最も重要な適用対象は、ジメチルカーボネートとフェノールからのメチルフェニルカーボネートの製造であり、以下これを代表例として説明する。
【0007】
このエステル交換反応は、反応器にジメチルカーボネート、フェノール及び触媒を連続的に供給して反応させ、反応器から生成したメチルフェニルカーボネート、ジフェニルカーボネート及び未反応のジメチルカーボネート等から成る反応液を連続的に抜き出すことにより行われる。反応器としては攪拌槽、好ましくは複数個の撹拌槽を直列に接続した連続式撹拌槽を用いる。最も好ましいのは、特開平8−188558号公報に記載されている、液相部が複数の反応区画に分割されており、反応液が各区画を順次経て反応器から流出するようになっている反応器である。この反応器では、反応区画の数が多いほど反応液の流れはプラグフローに近づくが、反応器が高価となるので、反応区画数は2〜15程度が好ましい。また、各反応区画内では反応液を撹拌して反応を促進するのが好ましい。反応液の撹拌は、反応区画から次の反応区画への反応液の移動や、蒸発に伴う気泡の発生などに伴う自然撹拌で十分な場合もあるが、一般には攪拌機による撹拌や、ポンプで強制循環することによる撹拌、更にはガスや蒸気などを吹込むことによる撹拌などの、人為的撹拌を行うのが好ましい。また、反応器には加熱装置を設けるが、加熱装置は各反応区画に個別に設けてもよく、また複数の反応区画毎、場合によっては反応器全体に共通する加熱装置を設けてもよい。反応器の気相部は、通常は分割せずに各反応区画に共通のものとし、各反応区画から発生したガスが共通の気相部を経て抜出されるようにする。
【0008】
反応器へのジメチルカーボネート及びフェノールの供給比率は、通常はフェノール1モルに対しジメチルカーボネート0.5〜20モルである。本発明では120℃以上、好ましくは150℃以上の温度でエステル交換反応を行わせる。反応温度がこれよりも低いと、反応速度が小さく、かつ反応器の気相部から抜出したガスから熱交換器での熱交換により水蒸気を発生させても、価値の比較的低い低温の水蒸気しか発生させることができない。本発明の利点を十分に発揮させるには180℃以上で反応させるのが好ましい。反応温度が高いほど反応はすみやかに進行するが、他方においてメタノール及びフェノールの脱水反応によるエーテル化合物の生成などの副反応が増大するので、反応温度の上限は300℃、特に250℃以下とするのが好ましい。反応圧力はジメチルカーボネートが液相に維持されるように設定すればよい。
【0009】
本発明では蒸留塔を反応器の気相部の圧力より高い圧力条件で操作する必要がある為、反応器の気相部から抜き出したガスは加圧して蒸留塔に供給する。加圧方法としては、ガスを気体のまま常用のコンプレッサーなどを用いて加圧しても良いが、熱交換器にて熱交換し、液化させた後に常用のポンプなどを用いて加圧する方法を採ることが望ましい。また、加圧は蒸留塔やポンプ等の設備的な面でのコストを考慮した場合、最大でも1.5MPa程度までに止めるのが望ましいと考えられる。
【0010】
気相部からのガスを液化させ、その保有しているエネルギーを回収するための熱交換器としては、常用の任意の型式のものを用いることができる。反応器の気相部から抜出したガスの主成分は、ジメチルカーボネートとメタノールである。特に本発明のように反応液中のメタノール濃度を低く保ってエステル交換反応を促進させる場合には、気相部から抜出したガスの大部分はジメチルカーボネートである。メタノールの沸点は64.7℃、ジメチルカーボネートの沸点は91〜92℃なので、熱交換器では少なくとも、ガスの重量組成の大部分を占め、かつ沸点の高いジメチルカーボネートを凝縮させることが必要であり、かつ、これによりガスの保有する熱エネルギーの大部分を回収することができる。
【0011】
熱交換器から流出した凝縮液はリボイラーを備えた蒸留塔の中段に供給して蒸留し、メタノールを塔頂から留出させ、ジメチルカーボネートを塔底から流出させて反応器に戻す。本発明においては反応器の気相部の圧力よりもさらに高い圧力にてこの蒸留操作を行う。これにより反応系全体としてのエネルギー消費量を抑えることができる。一般に、蒸留はできるだけ低い圧力で行うのが好ましいとされており、特に問題がない限り常圧で蒸留が行われる。何故ならば、圧力が低いと被蒸留物の沸点が低下するため、低温で蒸留することができ、かつそれにより被蒸留物の熱変質なども避けられるからである。しかし、ジメチルカーボネートとフェノールとからメチルフェニルカーボネートを製造する反応器から抜き出したガスを蒸留する場合には、むしろ加圧下で蒸留するのが好ましい。その理由の一つは、前述のように反応器は加圧下、好ましくは150℃以上、特に180℃以上という高温に保持されているので、この温度、圧力を有効に利用するには加圧下で蒸留するのが有利だからである。他の理由はメタノールとジメチルカーボネートの混合物は共沸組成物を形成し、しかもその組成は圧力が高いほどメタノールの比率が増加するからである。メタノール−ジメチルカーボネート系の圧力と共沸組成との関係は、ほぼ次のようである。
【0012】
【表1】
【0013】
従って、蒸留塔の操作圧力を高くするほど、塔頂からのメタノールの除去が容易となる。また、操作圧力が高いほど蒸留温度も高くなるので、塔頂のコンデンサーでより価値の高い高温の水蒸気を発生させることができる。よって、蒸留分離するために必要なリボイラーへの供給熱量は多少増加するものの、反応系全体で見た場合には、熱回収を有利に行うことができ、効率的かつ経済的なメチルフェニルカーボネートの製造を可能とする。
【0014】
蒸留塔は塔底から流出するジメチルカーボネート中のメタノール量をできるだけ低減するように操作すべきであり、通常はメタノール濃度が0.5重量%以下となるように操作する。メタノール濃度が0.2重量%以下、特に0.1重量%以下となるように操作するのが好ましく、蒸留塔への供給位置、すなわち蒸留塔の濃縮部と回収部との段数の配分も、この点を考慮して行うべきである。通常は回収部、濃縮部とも段数は5〜30段、特に8〜25段とするのが好ましい。回収部の段数が5段未満では塔底液中のメタノール量を低減させるために還流比を高くすることが必要となり、リボイラーで供給すべき熱量が増加して不利である。逆に回収部の段数を30段より多くすることは設備費が嵩み、総合的にみて有利とはいえない。蒸留塔の操作条件は、塔底から流出するジメチルカーボネート中のメタノール量を所定量以下にすることを前提に、塔頂から留出するメタノール中のジメチルカーボネートの許容量を考慮して適宜決定すればよい。温度は圧力に依存するが塔底で130〜300℃、好ましくは150〜250℃である。また塔頂圧力は0.01〜2、特に0.1〜1.5MPaであるのが好ましい。
【0015】
本発明では、特開平6−157410号公報に記載の方法とは異なり、反応器の気相部から抜出したガスを熱交換器で凝縮させ、さらに加圧して反応器の気相部の圧力よりも高い圧力にて蒸留操作を行う。よって本発明においては、反応器の気相部から抜出したガスを凝縮させる熱交換器、及び蒸留塔の塔頂のコンデンサーでも熱回収が可能となり、反応系全体において有効にエネルギーを使うことができる。また蒸留塔も特開平6−157410号公報に記載のものとは異なり、塔底にリボイラーを備え、かつ濃縮部と回収部の双方を有するものを用いるので、塔底から流出するジメチルカーボネート中のメタノール濃度を大きく低下させることができる。
【0016】
運転条件が下記の条件の時に、本発明の方法にて蒸留塔の圧力を変化させて蒸留を行った場合の計算例の1例を示すと次の通りである。なお、計算は反応器から抜き出したガスの圧力を減圧させることなく、蒸留を行った場合のリボイラー供給熱量を1として行っている。
運転条件
反応器から流出するガス;
組成:ジメチルカーボネート98.1重量%、メタノール1.4重量%、フェノール、メチルフェニルカーボネート等0.5重量%
温度:163℃
圧力:0.7MPa
蒸留塔;
段数:20段
供給段:上から8段目
塔頂留出量:供給量の2%
塔底流出液中のメタノール量:0.1重量%
ジメチルカーボネートの反応器への再供給温度:160℃
【0017】
【表2】
【0018】
表−1からも明らかなように蒸留塔の操作圧を反応器の圧力よりも減圧した場合にはリボイラー供給熱量は減少するが、予熱器負荷は増加する。しかし加圧した場合,リボイラー供給熱量は増加するものの、その増加量よりも予熱器の負荷の減少量の方が大きく、反応系全体としては必要な熱量は減少することになる。これは加圧に伴い塔底からの流出液の温度が上昇し、反応器に循環させる際の予熱が必要なくなったこと、また加圧したことでメタノールとジメチルカーボネートの共沸組成が変化したため、還流比を減少させても十分に分離することが可能になったことの効果によるものである。
また、1.5MPaにまで加圧した場合には塔頂部の温度が約154℃まで上昇することとなるため、ここでも利用価値の高い水蒸気を発生させることができ、効果的な熱回収が可能となってくる。
【0019】
すなわち、本発明方法によれば、従来の大気圧付近にまで減圧し蒸留する方法と比較して1.5MPaまで加圧した場合には、系全体での消費エネルギーを約3分の1まで抑えることができ、エネルギーのロスなく非常に効率的にメチルフェニルカーボネートを製造することができる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for producing an alkylaryl carbonate by a transesterification reaction between a dialkyl carbonate and an aromatic hydroxy compound.
[0002]
[Prior art]
It is known to produce an alkylaryl carbonate by transesterifying a dialkyl carbonate and an aromatic hydroxy compound in the presence of a catalyst. The resulting alkylaryl carbonate is then subjected to a disproportionation reaction to produce a diaryl carbonate. To.
[0003]
The transesterification reaction between a dialkyl carbonate and an aromatic hydroxy compound is an equilibrium reaction, and since the equilibrium is greatly biased toward the dialkyl carbonate side and the reaction rate is generally slow, this transesterification produces an alkylaryl carbonate efficiently. Therefore, many studies have been made on both the catalyst and the process. One method for promoting the formation of alkylaryl carbonate by this transesterification reaction is to attach a distillation column to the reactor and extract it from the gas phase part of the reactor as described in JP-A-6-157410. The distillate gas introduced into this distillation column is distilled, the alkyl alcohol by-produced in the reaction is removed from the top of the distillation column to the outside of the system, and the dialkyl carbonate flowing out from the bottom of the column is returned to the reactor, Is to keep the concentration of the alkyl alcohol low.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Although the method of performing transesterification while removing the alkyl alcohol by-produced by the attached distillation column out of the system described in JP-A-6-157410 is an excellent method, industrially In practice, it is desirable to further reduce the concentration of by-product alkyl alcohol in the reaction system. In addition, it is economically desirable to minimize the amount of heat supplied in the manufacturing process and to effectively recover the generated waste heat. The present invention seeks to meet these needs.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
According to the present invention, when a catalyst, a dialkyl carbonate, and an aromatic hydroxy compound are continuously supplied to a reactor and subjected to a transesterification reaction to produce an alkyl aryl carbonate, a dialkyl carbonate and a by-product are produced from the gas phase portion of the reactor. The gas containing the produced alkyl alcohol is extracted, liquefied by heat exchange with a heat exchanger, and then supplied to the middle stage of a distillation column equipped with a reboiler at the bottom of the column, which is higher than the pressure in the gas phase of the reactor By distilling at a pressure, distilling alkyl alcohol from the top of the distillation column, allowing dialkyl carbonate to flow out from the bottom of the column and returning it to the reactor, the entire reaction system is efficiently and economically advantageous. Carbonates can be produced.
[0006]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In the present invention, the dialkyl carbonate to be used for the reaction, the aromatic hydroxy compound, and the transesterification catalyst for reacting both to produce an alkylaryl carbonate are any of those conventionally known to be usable in this reaction. Can be used. As is well known, the most important application object of the method for producing an alkylaryl carbonate by transesterification is the production of methylphenyl carbonate from dimethyl carbonate and phenol, which will be described below as a representative example.
[0007]
In this transesterification reaction, dimethyl carbonate, phenol and a catalyst are continuously supplied to the reactor for reaction, and a reaction liquid comprising methyl phenyl carbonate, diphenyl carbonate, unreacted dimethyl carbonate and the like generated from the reactor is continuously added. It is done by pulling out. As the reactor, a stirring tank, preferably a continuous stirring tank in which a plurality of stirring tanks are connected in series, is used. Most preferably, the liquid phase part described in JP-A-8-188558 is divided into a plurality of reaction zones, and the reaction solution flows out of the reactor through each zone in sequence. Reactor. In this reactor, the larger the number of reaction sections, the closer the flow of the reaction solution becomes to the plug flow. However, since the reactor becomes expensive, the number of reaction sections is preferably about 2 to 15. Moreover, it is preferable to accelerate the reaction by stirring the reaction solution in each reaction section. For the stirring of the reaction solution, natural stirring accompanying the movement of the reaction solution from one reaction zone to the next reaction zone or the generation of bubbles due to evaporation may be sufficient, but generally stirring with a stirrer or forced by a pump It is preferable to perform artificial stirring such as stirring by circulating, and further stirring by blowing in gas or steam. Moreover, although a heating apparatus is provided in a reactor, a heating apparatus may be provided individually in each reaction section, and a heating apparatus common to the whole reactor may be provided for each of a plurality of reaction sections. The gas phase portion of the reactor is usually not divided and is common to each reaction zone, and the gas generated from each reaction zone is extracted through the common gas phase portion.
[0008]
The supply ratio of dimethyl carbonate and phenol to the reactor is usually 0.5 to 20 mol of dimethyl carbonate with respect to 1 mol of phenol. In the present invention, the transesterification reaction is carried out at a temperature of 120 ° C. or higher, preferably 150 ° C. or higher. When the reaction temperature is lower than this, the reaction rate is low, and even if steam is generated from the gas extracted from the gas phase part of the reactor by heat exchange in the heat exchanger, only low-temperature steam with relatively low value is used. It cannot be generated. In order to fully exhibit the advantages of the present invention, the reaction is preferably performed at 180 ° C. or higher. The higher the reaction temperature, the sooner the reaction proceeds. On the other hand, side reactions such as the formation of ether compounds by the dehydration reaction of methanol and phenol increase, so the upper limit of the reaction temperature is 300 ° C, particularly 250 ° C or less. Is preferred. The reaction pressure may be set so that dimethyl carbonate is maintained in a liquid phase.
[0009]
In the present invention, since it is necessary to operate the distillation column under a pressure condition higher than the pressure in the gas phase portion of the reactor, the gas extracted from the gas phase portion of the reactor is pressurized and supplied to the distillation column. As a pressurizing method, the gas may be pressurized using a normal compressor or the like, but after heat exchange with a heat exchanger and liquefaction, pressurization is performed using a normal pump or the like. It is desirable. In addition, it is considered that the pressurization is preferably stopped to about 1.5 MPa at the maximum in consideration of the cost in terms of equipment such as a distillation column and a pump.
[0010]
As a heat exchanger for liquefying the gas from the gas phase and recovering the stored energy, any conventional type can be used. The main components of the gas extracted from the gas phase part of the reactor are dimethyl carbonate and methanol. Particularly when the transesterification reaction is promoted by keeping the methanol concentration in the reaction solution low as in the present invention, most of the gas extracted from the gas phase is dimethyl carbonate. Since the boiling point of methanol is 64.7 ° C. and the boiling point of dimethyl carbonate is 91 to 92 ° C., it is necessary to condense dimethyl carbonate which occupies most of the weight composition of the gas and has a high boiling point in the heat exchanger. And thereby, most heat energy which gas holds can be collect | recovered.
[0011]
The condensate flowing out of the heat exchanger is fed to the middle stage of a distillation column equipped with a reboiler and distilled, methanol is distilled off from the top of the column, and dimethyl carbonate is discharged from the bottom of the column and returned to the reactor. In the present invention, this distillation operation is performed at a pressure higher than the pressure in the gas phase portion of the reactor. Thereby, the energy consumption as the whole reaction system can be suppressed. In general, the distillation is preferably performed at a pressure as low as possible, and the distillation is performed at normal pressure unless there is a particular problem. This is because if the pressure is low, the boiling point of the distillate decreases, so that distillation can be performed at a low temperature, and thermal alteration of the distillate can be avoided. However, when distilling the gas extracted from the reactor for producing methylphenyl carbonate from dimethyl carbonate and phenol, it is preferable to distill under pressure. One reason for this is that, as described above, the reactor is kept under pressure, preferably at a high temperature of 150 ° C. or higher, particularly 180 ° C. or higher. This is because it is advantageous to distill. Another reason is that the mixture of methanol and dimethyl carbonate forms an azeotropic composition, and the composition increases in proportion of methanol with increasing pressure. The relationship between the pressure and the azeotropic composition of the methanol-dimethyl carbonate system is as follows.
[0012]
[Table 1]
[0013]
Therefore, the higher the operating pressure of the distillation column, the easier it is to remove methanol from the top of the column. In addition, since the distillation temperature increases as the operating pressure increases, high-value steam having higher value can be generated in the condenser at the top of the column. Therefore, although the amount of heat supplied to the reboiler necessary for distillation separation is somewhat increased, when viewed in the entire reaction system, heat recovery can be advantageously performed, and efficient and economical methyl phenyl carbonate can be obtained. Allows manufacturing.
[0014]
The distillation column should be operated so as to reduce the amount of methanol in dimethyl carbonate flowing out from the bottom of the column as much as possible, and is usually operated so that the methanol concentration is 0.5% by weight or less. It is preferable to operate so that the methanol concentration is 0.2% by weight or less, particularly 0.1% by weight or less, and the supply position to the distillation column, that is, the distribution of the number of stages between the concentration unit and the recovery unit of the distillation column, This should be taken into account. Usually, it is preferable that the number of stages in both the recovery section and the concentration section is 5 to 30 stages, particularly 8 to 25 stages. If the number of stages in the recovery section is less than 5, it is necessary to increase the reflux ratio in order to reduce the amount of methanol in the column bottom liquid, which is disadvantageous because the amount of heat to be supplied by the reboiler increases. On the other hand, increasing the number of stages of the collection unit beyond 30 increases the equipment cost and is not advantageous from the overall viewpoint. The operating conditions of the distillation column are appropriately determined in consideration of the allowable amount of dimethyl carbonate in the methanol distilled from the top of the column, assuming that the amount of methanol in the dimethyl carbonate flowing out from the bottom of the column is below a predetermined amount. That's fine. The temperature depends on the pressure, but is 130 to 300 ° C, preferably 150 to 250 ° C at the bottom of the column. The tower top pressure is preferably 0.01 to 2, particularly preferably 0.1 to 1.5 MPa.
[0015]
In the present invention, unlike the method described in JP-A-6-157410, the gas extracted from the gas phase part of the reactor is condensed by a heat exchanger, and further pressurized to obtain the pressure from the gas phase part of the reactor. The distillation operation is performed at a high pressure. Therefore, in the present invention, heat recovery is possible even with a heat exchanger that condenses the gas extracted from the gas phase portion of the reactor and a condenser at the top of the distillation column, and energy can be used effectively in the entire reaction system. . Further, unlike the one described in JP-A-6-157410, a distillation column is provided with a reboiler at the bottom of the column and has both a concentration part and a recovery part. The methanol concentration can be greatly reduced.
[0016]
An example of a calculation example in the case of performing distillation by changing the pressure of the distillation column by the method of the present invention when the operating conditions are as follows is as follows. In the calculation, the reboiler supply heat amount when distillation is performed is set to 1 without reducing the pressure of the gas extracted from the reactor.
Operating conditions Gas exiting the reactor;
Composition: 98.1% by weight of dimethyl carbonate, 1.4% by weight of methanol, 0.5% by weight of phenol, methyl phenyl carbonate, etc.
Temperature: 163 ° C
Pressure: 0.7MPa
Distillation tower;
Number of stages: 20 stages Supply stage: 8th column top distillate from the top: 2% of supply
Amount of methanol in the bottom effluent: 0.1% by weight
Refeeding temperature of dimethyl carbonate to reactor: 160 ° C
[0017]
[Table 2]
[0018]
As is clear from Table 1, when the operating pressure of the distillation column is reduced below the pressure of the reactor, the reboiler supply heat amount decreases, but the preheater load increases. However, when the pressure is increased, the amount of heat supplied to the reboiler increases, but the amount of decrease in the load on the preheater is larger than the amount of increase, and the amount of heat required for the entire reaction system decreases. This is because the temperature of the effluent from the tower rises with pressurization, and no preheating is required when circulating to the reactor, and the azeotropic composition of methanol and dimethyl carbonate changes due to pressurization. This is due to the fact that even if the reflux ratio is decreased, it is possible to sufficiently separate.
In addition, when the pressure is increased to 1.5 MPa, the temperature at the top of the tower rises to about 154 ° C. Therefore, water vapor having high utility value can be generated here, and effective heat recovery is possible. It becomes.
[0019]
That is, according to the method of the present invention, when the pressure is increased to 1.5 MPa as compared with the conventional method of reducing the pressure to near atmospheric pressure and distilling, the energy consumption in the entire system is suppressed to about one third. And methylphenyl carbonate can be produced very efficiently without loss of energy.
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001352848A JP3969065B2 (en) | 2001-11-19 | 2001-11-19 | Method for producing alkyl aryl carbonate |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001352848A JP3969065B2 (en) | 2001-11-19 | 2001-11-19 | Method for producing alkyl aryl carbonate |
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| JP3969065B2 true JP3969065B2 (en) | 2007-08-29 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| KR100846332B1 (en) | 2004-07-13 | 2008-07-15 | 아사히 가세이 케미칼즈 가부시키가이샤 | Industrial preparation of aromatic carbonates |
| EA010066B1 (en) | 2004-08-25 | 2008-06-30 | Асахи Касеи Кемикалз Корпорейшн | Process for producing high-purity diphenyl carbonate on commercial scale |
| CN100554241C (en) | 2004-09-17 | 2009-10-28 | 旭化成化学株式会社 | Industrial separation method of alcohol by-product |
| JP4292214B2 (en) | 2004-10-14 | 2009-07-08 | 旭化成ケミカルズ株式会社 | Method for producing high-purity diaryl carbonate |
| TWI378087B (en) | 2006-02-22 | 2012-12-01 | Shell Int Research | Process for the preparation of an alkanediol and a dialkyl carbonate |
| TWI383976B (en) | 2006-02-22 | 2013-02-01 | Shell Int Research | Process for the production of dialkyl carbonate and alkanediol |
| TWI382979B (en) | 2006-02-22 | 2013-01-21 | Shell Int Research | Process for the production of alkylene carbonate and use of alkylene carbonate thus produced in the manufacture of an alkane diol and a dialkyl carbonate |
| TW200740731A (en) | 2006-02-22 | 2007-11-01 | Shell Int Research | Process for the preparation of alkanediol |
| JP6135394B2 (en) * | 2013-08-21 | 2017-05-31 | 三菱瓦斯化学株式会社 | Continuous production method of diaryl carbonate |
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