JP3967844B2

JP3967844B2 - Seeding machine alignment device

Info

Publication number: JP3967844B2
Application number: JP10610199A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 久也山田; 節生武野; 健介大前; 幸信石原; 正直上山; 芳則安部; 拓夫井上
Original assignee: Yanmar Agricultural Equipment Co Ltd
Current assignee: Yanmar Agricultural Equipment Co Ltd
Priority date: 1999-04-14
Filing date: 1999-04-14
Publication date: 2007-08-29
Anticipated expiration: 2017-05-01
Also published as: JPH11332313A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、例えばキュウリ或いはカボチャ等の野菜苗の接ぎ木作業の前工程にあって、これら偏平状種子の整列播種を行って、苗の子葉を略一定方向に揃える播種機の整列装置に関する。
【０００２】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
例えば接ぎ木作業を自動化した手段の一つに、搬送ラインで搬送される台木及び穂木用苗の茎部の上下をそれぞれ把持ハンドで把持し、把持されたハンド中間部をカッタで切断して、切断された台木の下側茎部と穂木の上側茎部とを接合させる接ぎ木手段があるが、苗の子葉展開基部付近で接合（接ぎ木）するため、把持ハンドで子葉展開基部を把持する必要がある。
この場合展開する子葉の方向によっては把持ハンドから落下し易く安定性に欠けるため、把持ハンドの方向と子葉の方向を一致させて把持することが望ましく、そのため前工程の播種の段階で整列播種を行って、各苗の子葉の方向を揃えようとするもので、従来この整列播種にあっては画像処理などを利用した整列播種が行われているが、極めてコスト高となり作業性も悪い。
【０００３】
そこで、種子シュータ及び播種シャッタを用いたシンプルな構成で、種子シュータの長辺及び短辺を有する矩形口形状によって、偏平種子の放出姿勢を規制してこの整列播種を行う手段もあるが、このような種子シュータの口形状のみでは種子の放出姿勢はもう一つ安定せず整列精度も悪い。
【０００４】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明の課題を解決するための手段は、次の通りである。
【０００５】
請求項１においては、整列対象物である種子を落下案内し、かつ、整列対象物である種子の方向を決めるガイド部材と、該ガイド部材の下端出口を開閉し、かつ、載置面に整列対象物である種子を載置する載置部材とを備え、該載置部材上に整列対象物である種子を載置し、該載置部材を開動作した時に、ガイド部材と載置部材との相対運動によって、ガイド部材から放出される整列対象物である種子の姿勢を、一定方向に揃えるように構成し、該載置部材の開閉動作速度を変更可能とし、整列対象物である種子の種類に応じて開閉動作速度を変更可能としたので、ガイド部材の内壁に整列対象物の姿勢を良好に沿わせて、この姿勢崩すことなく良好姿勢を保ったままの放出を可能とさせて、対象物の整列姿勢の精度向上を図り、後工程での作業能率を向上させるものである。
【０００６】
請求項２においては、請求項１記載の播種機の整列装置において、種子ホッパ（４）からの種子を一粒毎に投入する種子シュータ（１０）をガイド部材とし、該種子シュータ（１０）の下端出口を開閉する播種シャッタ（１１）を載置部材とし、該播種シャッタ（１１）の開動作でもって播種を行うようにした播種機の整列装置において、前記播種シャッタ（１１）の開動作速度を前半部では遅く、後半部では速くするように設けて、開時前半ではシュータの内壁に偏平種子を安定良好に沿わせる状態とさせて、種子の播種姿勢を略一定方向（各種子の長径部を横或いは縦方向）に整え、開時後半では種子を回転させることなく整えられた姿勢を保持させたまま放出させて、整列精度を向上させるものである。
【０００７】
請求項３においては、請求項１記載の播種機の整列装置において、種子ホッパ（４）からの種子を一粒毎に投入する種子シュータ（１０）をガイド部材とし、該種子シュータ（１０）の下端出口を開閉する播種シャッタ（１１）を載置部材とし、該播種シャッタ（１１）の開動作でもって播種を行うようにした播種機の整列装置において、前記播種シャッタ（１１）の開動作時に、播種シャッタ（１１）を開閉側の一方向に動かした後に反対方向に動かして、その後全開とさせるように設けて、例えば開動作初期のシャッタを一方向に動かしての少しの開動作時に、シュータ内壁に当接させて種子を整列させ、反対方向に動かして閉に戻るときに倒立している種子も横倒しとさせ、その後の全開となるとき略所定位置に種子の方向を揃えた播種を行って、この種子の整列精度を向上させるものである。
【０００８】
請求項４においては、請求項１記載の播種機の整列装置において、種子ホッパ（４）からの種子を一粒毎に投入する種子シュータ（１０）をガイド部材とし、該種子シュータ（１０）の下端出口を開閉する播種シャッタ（１１）を載置部材とし、該播種シャッタ（１１）の開動作でもって播種を行うようにした播種機の整列装置において、種子の播種方向を縦及び横に変更させる如く、前記播種シュータの出口形状を変形自在に構成して、単一のシュータの出口形状を変形させるだけの簡単な操作でもって、縦播及び横播何れの方向の播種も可能とさせて、作業の対応性を向上させるものである。
【０００９】
請求項５においては、請求項１記載の播種機の整列装置において、種子ホッパ（４）からの種子を一粒毎に投入する種子シュータ（１０）をガイド部材とし、該種子シュータ（１０）の下端出口を開閉する播種シャッタ（１１）を載置部材とし、該播種シャッタ（１１）の開動作でもって播種を行うようにした播種機の整列装置において、前記種子シュータ（１０）の出口形状を各種の種子形状に対応させて変形自在に構成して、種子の種類によって偏平状態或いは種子の大きさなどが異なる場合でも引掛るなどの不都合を生じさせることなく、単一のシュータで各種の種子形状に適正に対応させた精度良好な整列播種を可能とさせるものである。
【００１０】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施例を図面に基づいて詳述する。図１は制御回路図、図２は全体の平面図、図３は播種部の側面説明図、図４は播種部の平面説明図であり、播種トレイ（１）を搬送する播種コンベア（２）上に播種装置（３）を配備させている。
【００１１】
前記播種装置（３）は、整列対象物であるキュウリ或いはカボチャなどの偏平種子（Ａ）を貯留する種子ホッパ（４）と、前記コンベア（２）の架台に固設して、前記ホッパ（４）の中間部を、回動支点軸（５）を介し前後揺動自在に支持するホッパ受台（６）と、前記ホッパ（４）と受台（６）間に介設してホッパ（４）を前後揺動させる電動或いは油圧或いは空圧式のホッパ揺動シリンダ（７）と、前記ホッパ（４）のシリンダ（７）とは反対側の開口部に開閉自在に設ける種子供給板（８）と、前記供給板（８）を開閉動作させる電動或いは油圧或いは空圧式の供給板開閉シリンダ（９）と、前記供給板（８）の開位置下方に上端開口部を臨ませるガイド部材である種子シュータ（１０）と、前記播種コンベア（２）上の播種トレイ（１）の上面に近接させて設けてシュータ（１０）の下端開口部を開閉する載置部材である播種シャッタ（１１）と、前記播種シャッタ（１１）を開閉動作させるシャッタ開閉制御モータ（１２）を備え、前記ホッパ（４）から供給板（８）に取出した一粒毎の種子をシュータ（１０）を介しトレイ（１）の各ポット部（１ａ）にそれぞれ落下放出させて播種を行うように構成している。
【００１２】
図５及び図６に示す如く、前記供給板（８）には前記トレイ（１）の横一列の各ポット部（１ａ）に対応する種子吸着用のノズル孔（１３）を形成すると共に、各ノズル孔（１３）に連通させる吸引通路（１４）を、吸引ケース（１５）内に形成して、吸引通路（１４）に連通させる真空ポンプなど吸引機（１６）の真空吸引力でもって、供給板（８）のノズル孔（１３）に一粒毎の種子（Ａ）を吸着させるように構成している。
【００１３】
前記ノズル孔（１３）の種子（Ａ）吸着は、図５に示す如く供給板（８）の閉状態でホッパ（４）が前低後高から前高後低に、また前高後低から前低後高に１〜２回揺動する間に吸引機（１６）からの吸引力でもって吸着が行われ、図１の如く前高後低状にホッパ（４）姿勢を保持させ、供給板（８）を開状態とさせるとき、ノズル孔（１３）の吸引を停止させて供給板（８）の種子（Ａ）をシュータ（１０）に投入するように構成したものである。
【００１４】
図７に示す如く、前記シュータ（１０）は、平面視断面長方形で下端先細りに形成するもので、下端断面形状の前後の縦巾（Ｔ）を種子（Ａ）の短径部より若干大で、横巾（Ｗ）を縦巾（Ｔ）より大（Ｗ＞Ｔ）で、且つ種子（Ａ）の長径部より若干大に形成して、該シュータ（１０）の落下中に、種子（Ａ）の長手方向を左右横方向とする状態にある程度揃え、前記シャッタ（１１）を開とさせてのシュータ（１０）からの種子（Ａ）放出時にあっては、横巾（Ｗ）に略直交させるシャッタ（１１）の摺動開操作力でもって種子（Ａ）をシュータ（１０）後側の内側面に当接させることによって、シュータ（１０）のみでは不揃いの種子（例えば立上り姿勢の種子）を左右横方向に略均一状態に揃えるように構成している。なお、シュータ（１０）は断面長方形の他、楕円など長手及び短手方向を備えるものであれば何れでも良い。
【００１５】
一方図８に示す如く、前記播種トレイ（１）の各ポット部（１ａ）に充填された養土（Ｂ）表面には、側方視Ｖ字形の播種溝（Ｃ）を予め鎮圧機などで形成していて、前記シュータ（１０）から放出された種子（Ａ）の横方向の姿勢維持を助長させて、この整列精度を一層向上させるように構成している。
【００１６】
なお種子シュータ（１０）はノズル孔（１３）に対応した数だけ取付板（１７）に一体取付けされ、種子（Ａ）の品種に応じ形状の異なるシュータ（１０）との交換を可能にボルト（１８）を介し受台（６）に固定されたものである。
【００１７】
図１に示す如く、前記シャッタ開閉制御モータ（１２）は電圧或いは抵抗或いは界磁制御によって回転速度を変速させてシャッタ（１１）の開閉動作速度を適宜変更するもので、前記シャッタ（１１）を低速で開とさせるときの低速度値を設定するシャッタ低速開度設定器（１９）と、シャッタ（１１）を高速で開とさせるときの高速度値を設定するシャッタ高速開度設定器（２０）と、前記シャッタ（１１）の開度検出に基づいてシャッタ（１１）の開速度の低速から高速の切換えを行う速度切換位置センサ（２１）とを備え、これら設定器（１９）（２０）及び位置センサ（２１）をコントローラ（２２）を介し前記モータ（１２）に接続させて、該モータ（１２）の変速によってピニオン（２３）及びラックギヤ（２４）を介しシャッタ（１１）の開閉速度を適宜変更するように構成している。
【００１８】
而して、供給板（８）の閉状態で、前記支点軸（５）を中心としてシリンダ（７）を伸縮させて種子ホッパ（４）を前後に１〜２回揺動させるとき、ノズル孔（１３）に種子（Ａ）を吸着させるもので、このような揺動操作によって、全てのノズル孔（１３）に対する種子（Ａ）の確実な吸着を可能にできるものである。
【００１９】
そして前高後低にホッパ（４）の姿勢を変換させ、ホッパ（４）開口部を閉塞する供給板（８）を開放状態とさせて、ノズル孔（１３）に対する吸引機（１６）の吸引を停止させるとき、シュータ（１０）に供給板（８）上の種子（Ａ）を落下投入させ、次にシャッタ（１１）が開操作されるとき、播種トレイ（１）の各ポット部（１ａ）に播種が行われるもので、この際シュータ（１０）の長方形状による規制と、シャッタ（１１）開動作時の引き作用力とで、種子（Ａ）の長手方向を横方向とする状態に姿勢が揃えられて、整列播種が行われるものである。
【００２０】
つまり図９乃至図１１に示す如く、各設定器（１９）（２０）で設定されるシャッタ開時の低速及び高速度値がコントローラ（２２）に入力され、シュータ（１０）に種子（Ａ）が投入されてシャッタ（１１）が開動作を開始するとき、直後は低速で緩やかにシャッタ（１１）を開駆動し、開動作途中で前記位置センサ（２１）によってシャッタ（１１）の適宜開状態（例えば半開）が検出されるとき、シャッタ（１１）は高速に切換えられて開動作の後半部を速い速度でシャッタ（１１）を開駆動し、シャッタ（１１）の全開によって播種が完了するとき、高速でシャッタ（１１）を閉駆動するもので、図９（１）の如く投入直後シャッタ（１１）上で姿勢が不揃いの種子（Ａ）は、図９（２）の如く低速でシャッタ（１１）が開駆動するとき、シュータ（１０）の内壁面に沿う横安定状態に姿勢が揃えられ、図９（３）の如く放出直前となる開動作後半部ではシャッタ（１１）を急速に開いて、種子（Ａ）が回転するなどして姿勢が乱れるのを防止し、整列姿勢を保ったまま放出して、この整列播種作業での精度向上を図るものである。
【００２１】
またこの場合種子（Ａ）の種類などによって、それぞれ最適のシャッタ開速度が存在するため、各設定器（１９）（２０）でそれぞれに対応した最適の低速及び高速のシャッタ開速度に無段階調整を可能とさせるものである。
【００２２】
さらに図１２の破線に示す如く、シャッタ（１１）の開速度を低速と高速の２段階に切換える以外に、周辺実線の如くシャッタ（１１）の開速度を閉から開になるに従い無段階に高速とさせても同様の作用効果が得られるものである。
【００２３】
図１３に示すものは、種子ホッパが定置形で種子定量式の播種装置（３ａ）を示すもので、偏平種子（Ａ）を貯留する定置形の種子ホッパ（４）と、前記ホッパ（４）内から定量（５〜６粒）の種子（Ａ）を一定高さ上昇させる定量種子台（２４）と、前記種子台（２４）を昇降駆動する昇降シリンダ（２５）と、一定高さに上昇させる種子台（２４）上の定量種子（Ａ）より各１粒毎の種子を真空吸引力で吸着取出しする横一列の複数の種子吸着ノズル（２６）と、各ノズル（２６）基端を固設して各ノズル孔に連通させる吸引通路（１４）を内部に形成するノズル支持管（２７）と、前記ホッパ（４）に隣接させてノズル（２６）先端に吸着させる種子（Ａ）を放出する投入樋（２８）と、前記ノズル（２６）先端を種子台（２４）或いは投入樋（２８）上方に移動切換えするノズル移動シリンダ（２９）と、前記投入樋（２８）の下方に臨ませて投入される種子（Ａ）を下方に落下案内するシュータ（１０）と、前記シュータ（１０）の下端開口部を開閉する播種シャッタ（１１）と、前記シャッタ（１１）を開閉動作させるシャッタ開閉制御モータ（１２）とを備え、各ノズル（２６）先端に吸着した１粒の種子（Ａ）を投入樋（２８）を介しシュータ（１０）に投入して、前記シャッタ（１１）の開動作時に播種を行うように構成したものである。
【００２４】
そして図１５に示す如く、前記ノズル（２６）の移動位置を検出するノズル位置センサ（２９）と、前記種子台（２４）の昇降位置を検出する種子台位置センサ（３０）と、前記シャッタ（１１）上の種子（Ａ）を検出する種子センサ（３１）と、前記吸引通路（１４）内に真空吸引力を発生させる吸引機（１６）とを備え、これら各センサ（２９）（３０）（３１）と前述の位置センサ（２１）及び各設定器（１９）（２０）をコントローラ（２２）に入力接続させると共に、吸引機（１６）と各シリンダ（２５）（２９）と制御モータ（１２）とにコントローラ（２２）を出力接続させている。
【００２５】
而して図１６に示す如く、前記ノズル（２６）が種子台（２４）上方のノズル吸引位置に位置するとき、種子台（２４）上に定量の種子（Ａ）を載せた状態で上昇し、最上昇位置まで上昇してノズル（２６）に種子台（２４）上の種子（Ａ）が最接近するとき、真空吸引力でノズル（２６）先端に１粒毎の種子（Ａ）を吸着させ、吸着後は種子台（２４）の残種子（Ａ）を下降させると共に、ノズル（２６）を投入樋（２８）側に移動切換して、吸着した種子（Ａ）を投入樋（２８）を介しシュータ（１０）内に放出し、放出された種子（Ａ）がシャッタ（１１）上に有るとき、前述同様シャッタ（１１）を前半では低速で、切換位置から後の後半では高速で開とさせて整列状態の播種を行い、整列播種後は高速でシャッタ（１１）を閉に戻して、トレイ（１）ポットの１ピッチ分前進させて、シュータ（１０）下方に次回播種を行うポット部（１ａ）を待機させるものである。
【００２６】
また図１４に示す如く、前記シュータ（１０）は軟質可撓性の材質で少なくとも下端側を丸パイプ形に形成していて、シュータ（１０）の下端側で該シュータ（１０）を挾んで対向配設する１対の挾圧部材（３２）の加圧によってシュータ（１０）の下端側断面を楕円状に変形させて、種子（Ａ）の姿勢を揃えた整列播種を可能とさせると共に、加圧方向の変更によって、横一列状の各ポット部（１ａ）に対し種子（Ａ）の長手方向（長径部）を、図１４（１）に示す如き縦方向とさせた縦播や、図１４（２）に示す如き横方向とさせた横播を容易に可能とさせるものである。
【００２７】
またこの場合、挾圧部材（３２）の加圧力の適宜調節によって、シュータ（１０）下端側断面の楕円形状を各種寸法の異なるものに変形させて、単一のシュータ（１０）でキュウリ用或いはカボチャ用など多種類の種子に対応可能とさせることができるもので、種子（Ａ）の種類によって種子（Ａ）の偏平状態や大きさなど異なる場合でも、各種子（Ａ）それぞれに適正に対応させた口形状によって、種子（Ａ）の長手方向（長径部）がシュータ（１０）内で引掛るなどした不都合を起させることなく、単一のシュータ（１０）で広範囲に対応させることができるものである。
【００２８】
なお、前記シュータ（１０）は下端側のみを軟質可撓性の材質で形成しても良く、またこのような軟質可撓性で形成するシュータ（１０）を前述の播種装置（３）に用いても良い。
【００２９】
このように実施例にあっては、大きさや形状にバラツキのある種子（Ａ）を、シュータ（１０）とシャッタ（１１）との相対運動で一定方向に整列する関係を示したが、種子（Ａ）以外において同様に大きさや形状にバラツキのあるキュウリ或いはカボチャなど農産物の整列にも効果的に用いられるもので、例えば選別（選果）施設における野菜や果物を一定方向に整列させての選別作業、或いは包装（梱包）装置における野菜や果物を一定方向に整列させての箱詰め作業、或いは食品加工施設における野菜や果物を一定方向に整列させての加工処理作業、或いは籾摺機における脱穀玄米を一定方向に整列させての脱ぷ率や等級判定作業などに用いられるものである。
【００３０】
その構成例として、整列対象物であるキュウリ（Ｋ）を一定方向に整列させて箱詰めするキュウリ箱詰め装置（３３）を図１７及び図１８に示すもので、キュウリ箱詰め装置（３３）は、収穫したキュウリ（Ｋ）を供給する供給コンベア（３４）と、該コンベア（３４）からのキュウリ（Ｋ）をトレイ（３５）に収納して箱詰め位置まで順次搬送するエンドレス状の周回コンベア（３７）と、箱詰め位置まで包装箱（３８）を搬送する箱搬送コンベア（３９）と、箱詰め位置で箱（３８）にキュウリ（Ｋ）を箱詰めする箱詰機（４０）と、箱詰めされた箱（３８）を搬出する搬出コンベア（４１）とを備え、前記供給コンベア（３４）と周回コンベア（３７）との受継ぎ部に、ガイド部材であるシュータ（１０ａ）と載置部材であるシャッタ（１１ａ）とからなる整列装置（４２）を設けて、供給コンベア（３４）からのキュウリ（Ｋ）を一定方向に姿勢を揃えてトレイ（３５）に整列収納するように構成している。前記整列装置（４２）のシュータ（１０ａ）とシャッタ（１１ａ）は、前実施例のシュータ（１０）とシャッタ（１１）の関係と同様に、シャッタ（１１ａ）の開速度を異ならせるシュータ（１０ａ）とシャッタ（１１ａ）の相対運動によって、キュウリ（Ｋ）の姿勢を一定方向（図１８の場合シャッタ（１１ａ）の開方向に対しキュウリ（Ｋ）の長手方向を直交）に整列させるもので、シュータ（１０ａ）とシャッタ（１１ａ）の形状や大きさは対象物に対応させ適正なものを使用するものである。
【００３１】
また図１９に示すものは、収穫したキュウリ（Ｋ）を供給する載置部材である供給コンベア（３４ａ）（３４ｂ）上に、複数列状にキュウリ（Ｋ）を区画して縦姿勢で案内するガイド部材（４３）を設けると共に、送り終端側のコンベア（３４ａ）の搬送面上で各列各１本のキュウリ（Ｋ）を滞留させる前後のシャッタ（４４）（４５）を設け、前記コンベア（３４ａ）全体を搬送方向とは直交する方向に移動（往動或いは往復動）可能に設けて整列装置（４２）を構成するもので、前記コンベア（３４ａ）上の前後シャッタ（４４）（４５）間にキュウリ（Ｋ）が滞留するとき、コンベア（３４）を搬送方向とは直交する方向に移動させて、静止固定状態のガイド部材（４３）に対しキュウリ（Ｋ）の長手方向を沿わせて姿勢を整え、この後シャッタ（４４）（４５）を開とさせるとき、コンベア（３４ａ）の搬送面上で各列縦姿勢で横並び整列状態のキュウリ（Ｋ）を周回コンベア（３７）に送り込むように構成したものである。
【００３２】
さらに図２０及び図２１に示すものは、前記播種シャッタ（１１）の開動作時において２段階の開動作を行う構成を示すもので、種子ホッパ（４）内の種子（Ａ）を上部円筒ガイド体（４６）を介し投入する円筒形の種子シュータ（１０ｂ）と、該シュータ（１０ｂ）の下端開口部を開閉シリンダ（４７）で開閉する播種シャッタ（１１）とを備え、鎮圧昇降シリンダ（４８）で昇降する鎮圧具（４９）によって形成されるＶ字形の播種溝（Ｃ）に、前記シャッタ（９）の開時シュータ（１０ｂ）より放出される種子（Ａ）を落下させるように設けている。そして図２１に示す如く、前記シャッタ（９）の開動初期の１段階目ではシャッタ（１１）を少し開いて円筒形のシュータ（１０ｂ）の内壁に種子（Ａ）を接触させて整列させ、次にシャッタ（１１）を元の全閉位置に戻したときには、倒立している種子（Ａ）も倒して横向きとさせ、その後の２段階目の全開動作時にはシュータ（１０ｂ）で種子（Ａ）を整列させると共に、種子（Ａ）の落下位置を規制して、横向き姿勢に方向を揃えた種子（Ａ）を定位置のトレイ（１）内養土（Ｂ）の播種溝（Ｃ）に落下させて、整列精度を向上させた播種を行うように構成している。つまり播種シャッタ（１１）を開閉側の一方向に動かした後に反対方向に動かして（１段階目）、その後全開（２段階目）とさせるように設けて整列精度を向上させるもので、この動作を複数回繰返し行っても良い。
【００３３】
【発明の効果】
以上実施例から明らかなように本発明は、整列対象物である種子を落下案内し、かつ、整列対象物である種子の方向を決めるガイド部材と、該ガイド部材の下端出口を開閉し、かつ、載置面に整列対象物である種子を載置する載置部材とを備え、該載置部材上に整列対象物である種子を載置し、該載置部材を開動作した時に、ガイド部材と載置部材との相対運動によって、ガイド部材から放出される整列対象物である種子の姿勢を、一定方向に揃えるように構成し、該載置部材の開閉動作速度を変更可能とし、整列対象物である種子の種類に応じて開閉動作速度を変更可能としたので、整列対象物である種子（Ａ）の方向を決めるガイド部材（１０）（１０ａ）と、載置面に整列対象物である種子（Ａ）を載置する載置部材（１１）（１１ａ）とを備え、ガイド部材（１０）（１０ａ）と載置部材（１１）（１１ａ）の相対運動によって対象物である種子（Ａ）を一定方向に揃えるもので、ガイド部材（１０）（１０ａ）によって姿勢を整えて、対象物である種子（Ａ）の種類が変わっても、整列を容易に可能とさせて、極めて簡単な手段のもので整列精度を向上させることができるものである。
また、種子（Ａ）の種類などによって、それぞれ最適のシャッタ開速度が存在するのであるが、各設定器（１９）（２０）でそれぞれに対応した最適の低速及び高速のシャッタ開速度に調整を可能とさせることが出来るのである。
【００３４】
また、整列対象物（Ａ）を落下案内するガイド部材（１０）（１０ａ）と、該ガイド部材（１０）（１０ａ）の下端出口を開閉する整列対象物である種子（Ａ）の載置部材（１１）（１１ａ）とを備え、整列対象物である種子（Ａ）を載置部材（１１）（１１ａ）上に載置時のガイド部材（１０）（１０ａ）と載置部材（１１）（１１ａ）との相対運動によって、ガイド部材（１０）（１０ａ）から放出される整列対象物（Ａ）の姿勢を一定方向に揃えるものであるから、ガイド部材（１０）（１０ａ）の内壁に整列対象物である種子（Ａ）の姿勢を良好に沿わせて、この姿勢を崩すことなく良好姿勢を保ったままの放出を可能とさせて、対象物の整列姿勢の精度向上を図って、後工程での作業能率を向上させることができるものである。
【００３５】
さらに、種子ホッパ（４）からの種子（Ａ）を一粒毎に投入する種子シュータ（１０）と、該種子シュータ（１０）の下端出口を開閉する播種シャッタ（１１）とを備え、播種シャッタ（１１）の開動作でもって播種を行うようにした播種装置において、前記播種シャッタ（１１）の開動作速度を前半部では遅く、後半部では速くするように設けたものであるから、開時前半ではシュータ（１１）の内壁に偏平種子（Ａ）を安定良好に沿わせる状態とさせて、種子の播種姿勢を略一定方向（各種子の長径部を横或いは縦方向）に整え、開時後半では種子（Ａ）を回転させることなく整えられた姿勢を保持させたまま放出させて、整列精度を向上させることができるものである。
【００３６】
またさらに、種子ホッパ（４）からの種子（Ａ）を一粒毎に投入する種子シュータ（１０）と、該種子シュータ（１０）の下端出口を開閉する播種シャッタ（１１）とを備え、播種シャッタ（１１）の開動作でもって播種を行うようにした播種装置において、前記播種シャッタ（１１）の開動作時に、播種シャッタ（１１）を開閉側の一方向に動かした後に反対方向に動かして、その後全開とさせるものであるから、例えば開動作初期のシャッタ（１１）を一方向に動かしての少しの開動作時に、シュータ（１０ｂ）内壁に当接させて種子を整列させ、反対方向に動かして閉に戻るときに倒立している種子（Ａ）も横倒しとさせ、その後の全開となるとき略所定位置に種子の方向を揃えた播種を行って、この種子の整列精度を向上させることができるものである。
【００３７】
また、種子ホッパ（４）からの種子（Ａ）を一粒毎に投入する種子シュータ（１０）と、該種子シュータ（１０）の下端出口を開閉する播種シャッタ（１１）とを備え、播種シャッタ（１１）の開動作でもって播種を行うようにした播種装置において、種子（Ａ）の播種方向を縦及び横に変更させる如く、前記播種シュータ（１０）の出口形状を変形自在に設けたものであるから、単一のシュータ（１０）の出口形状を変形させるだけの簡単な操作でもって、縦播及び横播何れの方向の播種も可能とさせることができて、この作業での対応性を向上させることができる。
【００３８】
さらに、種子ホッパ（４）からの種子（Ａ）を一粒毎に投入する種子シュータ（１０）と、該種子シュータ（１０）の下端出口を開閉する播種シャッタ（１１）とを備え、播種シャッタ（１１）の開動作でもって播種を行うようにした播種装置において、前記播種シュータ（１０）の出口形状を各種子（Ａ）の種子形状に対応させて変形自在に設けたものであるから、種子（Ａ）の偏平状態或いは種子（Ａ）の大きさなどが異なる場合でも引掛るなどの不都合を生じさせることなく、単一のシュータ（１０）で各種の種子形状に適正に対応させた精度良好な整列播種を可能とさせることができるものである。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】制御回路図である。
【図２】全体の平面図ある。
【図３】播種部の側面説明図である。
【図４】播種部の平面説明図である。
【図５】播種部の動作説明図である。
【図６】ノズル吸着部の説明図である。
【図７】シャッタ部の側面説明図である。
【図８】播種トレイの説明図である。
【図９】シャッタ部の動作説明図である。
【図１０】フローチャートである。
【図１１】シャッタの動作線図である。
【図１２】シャッタ開時の速度線図。
【図１３】定量形播種装置の説明図である。
【図１４】シュータの説明図である。
【図１５】制御回路図である。
【図１６】フローチャートである。
【図１７】キュウリ箱詰め装置の説明図である。
【図１８】キュウリ箱詰め装置におけるシュータとシャッタの説明図である。
【図１９】キュウリ箱詰め装置の他の説明図である。
【図２０】シャッタの２段階の開動作例を示す側面説明図である。
【図２１】シャッタの２段階の開動作例を示す平面説明図である。
【符号の説明】
（４）種子ホッパ
（１０）（１０ａ）（１０ｂ）シュータ（ガイド部材）
（１１）（１１ａ）シャッタ（載置部材）
（４３）ガイド部材
（Ａ）種子（整列対象物）
（Ｋ）キュウリ（整列対象物）[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  The present invention relates to an aligner for a seeding machine in a pre-process for grafting vegetable seedlings such as cucumbers and pumpkins, for aligning and sowing these flat seeds and aligning the cotyledons of the seedlings in a substantially constant direction.
[0002]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
  For example, one of the means to automate the grafting work is to hold the top and bottom of the stems of the rootstock and the seedling for transporting with the gripping line with a gripping hand, and cut the middle part of the gripped hand with a cutter. There is a grafting means that joins the lower stem part of the cut rootstock and the upper stem part of the hogi, but it is necessary to grasp the cotyledon deployment base with a grasping hand in order to join (graft) near the cotyledon deployment base of the seedling There is.
  In this case, depending on the direction of the cotyledons to be deployed, it is easy to fall from the gripping hand and lacks stability, so it is desirable to grip the gripping hand with the direction of the cotyledon, so that aligned sowing is performed at the sowing stage of the previous step. In order to align the cotyledon direction of each seedling, conventionally, in this aligned sowing, aligned sowing using image processing or the like is performed, but the cost is very high and the workability is also poor.
[0003]
  Therefore, there is a means for performing this aligned sowing with a simple configuration using a seed shooter and a sowing shutter, with a rectangular mouth shape having a long side and a short side of the seed shooter to regulate the discharge posture of the flat seed. With only the mouth shape of such a seed shooter, the seed release posture is not stabilized and the alignment accuracy is poor.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
  Means for solving the problems of the present invention are as follows.
[0005]
  In Claim 1, the alignment target objectSeedsGuide the drop and align objectsSeedsGuide member for determining the direction of the guide member, opening and closing the lower end outlet of the guide member, and an object to be aligned on the mounting surfaceThe seedsAn object to be aligned on the mounting member.The seedsWhen the mounting member is mounted and the mounting member is opened, the alignment object is released from the guide member by the relative movement between the guide member and the mounting member.Of the seed that isConfigure the posture to align in a certain directionThe opening / closing operation speed of the mounting member can be changed, and the opening / closing operation speed can be changed according to the type of seeds to be aligned.Therefore, it is possible to improve the accuracy of the alignment posture of the target object by aligning the posture of the alignment target object on the inner wall of the guide member and enabling the discharge while maintaining the good posture without breaking the posture. It improves work efficiency in the process.
[0006]
  According to Claim 2, in the seeder aligning apparatus according to Claim 1, the seed shooter (10) into which seeds from the seed hopper (4) are poured one by one is used as a guide member, and the seed shooter (10) The seeding shutter (11) that opens and closes the lower end outlet is used as a mounting member, and the seeding shutter (11) is opened by the seeding shutter (11). In the first half of the opening, the flat seeds are placed along the inner wall of the shooter in a stable and good condition so that the seed sowing posture is in a substantially constant direction (the long diameter of each child). In the latter half of the opening, the seeds are released without being rotated and released while maintaining the adjusted posture, thereby improving the alignment accuracy.
[0007]
  According to Claim 3, in the seeder alignment apparatus according to Claim 1, the seed shooter (10) into which seeds from the seed hopper (4) are introduced one by one is used as a guide member, and the seed shooter (10) A seeding shutter (11) that opens and closes the lower end outlet is used as a mounting member, and in the seeding machine alignment apparatus that performs seeding by the opening operation of the seeding shutter (11), when the seeding shutter (11) is opened The seeding shutter (11) is moved in one direction on the opening and closing side and then moved in the opposite direction, and then fully opened. For example, when the shutter at the initial stage of the opening operation is moved in one direction, Seeds are aligned with the inner wall of the shooter, and the seeds that are inverted when moving back in the opposite direction to the closed position are also laid sideways. The go, and improves the alignment accuracy of the seeds.
[0008]
  According to Claim 4, in the seeder aligning apparatus according to Claim 1, the seed shooter (10) into which seeds from the seed hopper (4) are introduced one by one is used as a guide member, and the seed shooter (10) In the seeding machine aligning apparatus in which the sowing shutter (11) for opening and closing the lower end outlet is used as a mounting member and sowing is performed by opening the sowing shutter (11), the seed sowing direction is changed vertically and horizontally. As described above, the outlet shape of the sowing shooter is configured to be freely deformable, so that seeding in either the vertical sowing direction or the horizontal sowing direction can be performed with a simple operation by simply changing the outlet shape of the single shooter. , To improve work responsiveness.
[0009]
  According to Claim 5, in the seeder alignment apparatus according to Claim 1, the seed shooter (10) for introducing seeds from the seed hopper (4) every grain is used as a guide member, and the seed shooter (10) The seed shooter (10) has an outlet shape in a seeding machine alignment apparatus in which a seeding shutter (11) that opens and closes a lower end outlet is used as a mounting member and seeding is performed by opening the seeding shutter (11). A variety of seeds can be deformed according to the shape of various seeds, with a single shooter without causing inconveniences such as catching even when the flat state or seed size differs depending on the seed type. This makes it possible to perform sowing with good accuracy and appropriately corresponding to the shape.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a control circuit diagram, FIG. 2 is a plan view of the whole, FIG. 3 is a side explanatory view of the sowing unit, and FIG. 4 is a plan explanatory view of the sowing unit. A seeding device (3) is provided on the top.
[0011]
  The seeding device (3) is fixed to a seed hopper (4) for storing flat seeds (A) such as cucumbers or pumpkins to be aligned, and a pedestal of the conveyor (2), and the hopper (4 ), And a hopper (4) interposed between the hopper (4) and the cradle (6). ) And a seed supply plate (8) provided openably and closably at an opening opposite to the cylinder (7) of the hopper (4). And an electric or hydraulic or pneumatic supply plate opening / closing cylinder (9) for opening and closing the supply plate (8), and a seed as a guide member for facing the upper end opening below the open position of the supply plate (8) Suta (10) and sowing tray on sowing conveyor (2) ) And a shutter opening / closing control motor (12) that opens and closes the seeding shutter (11), and a seeding shutter (11) that is a mounting member that opens and closes the lower end opening of the shooter (10). And seeding each seed taken out from the hopper (4) to the supply plate (8) through the shooter (10) to each pot section (1a) of the tray (1) for seeding. It is composed.
[0012]
  As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the supply plate (8) has nozzle holes (13) for adsorbing seeds corresponding to the pot portions (1a) in a horizontal row of the tray (1), and each A suction passage (14) communicating with the nozzle hole (13) is formed in the suction case (15) and supplied by the vacuum suction force of a suction machine (16) such as a vacuum pump communicating with the suction passage (14). It is comprised so that the seed (A) for every grain may be made to adsorb | suck to the nozzle hole (13) of a board (8).
[0013]
  The seed (A) adsorption in the nozzle hole (13) is as shown in FIG. 5 when the hopper (4) is moved from the front low to the high after the supply plate (8) is closed. Adsorption is performed with the suction force from the suction device (16) while swinging once or twice at the front, rear, and rear heights, and the hopper (4) is held in the front, rear, and rear state as shown in FIG. When the plate (8) is opened, the suction of the nozzle hole (13) is stopped and the seed (A) of the supply plate (8) is put into the shooter (10).
[0014]
  As shown in FIG. 7, the shooter (10) has a rectangular section in plan view and is tapered at the lower end. The longitudinal width (T) before and after the lower end section is slightly larger than the short diameter portion of the seed (A). The horizontal width (W) is larger than the vertical width (T) (W> T) and slightly larger than the long diameter portion of the seed (A), and the seed (A) is dropped during the dropping of the shooter (10). ) Is aligned to some extent in the horizontal direction, and when the seed (A) is released from the shooter (10) with the shutter (11) opened, it is substantially orthogonal to the horizontal width (W). By bringing the seed (A) into contact with the inner surface of the rear side of the shooter (10) with the sliding opening force of the shutter (11) to be caused, seeds that are not uniform only with the shooter (10) (for example, seeds in a rising position) Are arranged in a substantially uniform state in the horizontal direction. The shooter (10) may be any one having a longitudinal and short direction such as an ellipse in addition to a rectangular cross section.
[0015]
  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 8, on the surface of the soil (B) filled in each pot portion (1a) of the seeding tray (1), a side-viewing V-shaped seeding groove (C) is preliminarily used with a pressure reducer or the like. The alignment accuracy is further improved by promoting the maintenance of the lateral posture of the seed (A) released from the shooter (10).
[0016]
  The seed shooter (10) is integrally attached to the mounting plate (17) by the number corresponding to the nozzle hole (13), and can be replaced with a shooter (10) having a different shape depending on the type of seed (A). 18) and fixed to the cradle (6).
[0017]
  As shown in FIG. 1, the shutter opening / closing control motor (12) changes the rotation speed of the shutter (11) as appropriate by changing the rotational speed by voltage, resistance or field control. The shutter (11) is moved at a low speed. A shutter low-speed opening setting device (19) for setting a low-speed value for opening, and a shutter high-speed opening setting device (20) for setting a high-speed value for opening the shutter (11) at high speed. And a speed switching position sensor (21) for switching from a low opening speed of the shutter (11) to a high speed based on the detection of the opening degree of the shutter (11), and these setting devices (19) (20) and position A sensor (21) is connected to the motor (12) via a controller (22), and is shut down via the pinion (23) and the rack gear (24) by shifting the motor (12). Constitute the opening and closing speed (11) so as to suitably changed.
[0018]
  Thus, in the closed state of the supply plate (8), when the cylinder (7) is expanded and contracted around the fulcrum shaft (5) and the seed hopper (4) is swung back and forth once or twice, the nozzle hole The seed (A) is adsorbed on (13), and by such a swinging operation, the seed (A) can be surely adsorbed to all the nozzle holes (13).
[0019]
  Then, the posture of the hopper (4) is changed from front to rear and low, the supply plate (8) closing the opening of the hopper (4) is opened, and the suction of the suction device (16) with respect to the nozzle hole (13) When the shooter is stopped, the seed (A) on the supply plate (8) is dropped into the shooter (10), and when the shutter (11) is opened, each pot portion (1a) of the sowing tray (1) is opened. ) So that the longitudinal direction of the seed (A) is set to the lateral direction by the restriction by the rectangular shape of the shooter (10) and the pulling force when the shutter (11) is opened. The posture is aligned and aligned sowing is performed.
[0020]
  That is, as shown in FIGS. 9 to 11, the shutter opening low speed and high speed values set by the setting devices (19) and (20) are input to the controller (22), and the seed (A) is input to the shooter (10). Is opened and the shutter (11) starts the opening operation immediately after that, the shutter (11) is gently opened at a low speed, and the shutter (11) is appropriately opened by the position sensor (21) during the opening operation. When (for example, half-open) is detected, the shutter (11) is switched to high speed to open the shutter (11) at a high speed in the second half of the opening operation, and seeding is completed by fully opening the shutter (11). The shutter (11) is driven to close at a high speed, and the seed (A) whose posture is not right on the shutter (11) immediately after being thrown as shown in FIG. 11) Open drive The posture is aligned in a laterally stable state along the inner wall surface of the shooter (10), and the shutter (11) is rapidly opened in the latter half of the opening operation immediately before the release as shown in FIG. It is intended to prevent the posture from being disturbed due to rotation, etc., and to discharge while maintaining the aligned posture, thereby improving the accuracy in this aligned sowing operation.
[0021]
  In this case, since there is an optimum shutter opening speed depending on the type of seed (A), etc., the setting devices (19) and (20) are continuously adjusted to the optimum low and high shutter opening speeds corresponding thereto. Is made possible.
[0022]
  Further, as shown by the broken line in FIG. 12, in addition to switching the opening speed of the shutter (11) between two steps of low speed and high speed, the opening speed of the shutter (11) is increased steplessly as it is changed from closed to open as shown by the peripheral solid line. Even if it is taken, the same effect can be obtained.
[0023]
  What is shown in FIG. 13 is a stationary seed hopper (4a) that stores a flat seed (A), which is a stationary seed hopper type seeding device (3a). A fixed-quantity seed stand (24) that raises a fixed amount (5-6 grains) of seeds (A) from within, a lift cylinder (25) that drives the seed stand (24) up and down, and a constant height A plurality of seed adsorbing nozzles (26) in a horizontal row for adsorbing and taking out each seed from the fixed seed (A) on the seed stand (24) to be sucked by vacuum suction, and the base end of each nozzle (26) is fixed A nozzle support pipe (27) that forms a suction passage (14) that communicates with each nozzle hole is formed inside, and seed (A) that adsorbs to the tip of the nozzle (26) adjacent to the hopper (4) is discharged. And the tip of the nozzle (26) is connected to the seed table (24) or A nozzle moving cylinder (29) for moving and switching upward of the charging rod (28), a shooter (10) for guiding the seeds (A) to be dropped downward facing the charging rod (28), and the above A seeding shutter (11) that opens and closes the lower end opening of the shooter (10) and a shutter opening / closing control motor (12) that opens and closes the shutter (11). The seed (A) is introduced into the shooter (10) through the introduction basket (28), and sowing is performed when the shutter (11) is opened.
[0024]
  And as shown in FIG. 15, the nozzle position sensor (29) which detects the movement position of the said nozzle (26), the seed stand position sensor (30) which detects the raising / lowering position of the said seed stand (24), and the said shutter ( 11) A seed sensor (31) for detecting the seed (A) on the top, and a suction device (16) for generating a vacuum suction force in the suction passage (14), each of these sensors (29) (30) (31), the position sensor (21) and the setting devices (19) and (20) are connected to the controller (22), and the suction machine (16), the cylinders (25) and (29), and the control motor ( 12) is connected to the controller (22).
[0025]
  Thus, as shown in FIG. 16, when the nozzle (26) is located at the nozzle suction position above the seed table (24), the nozzle (26) rises with a fixed amount of seed (A) placed on the seed table (24). When the seed (A) on the seed stand (24) comes closest to the nozzle (26) by raising to the highest position, the seed (A) is adsorbed to the tip of the nozzle (26) by the vacuum suction force. After the adsorption, the remaining seed (A) of the seed table (24) is lowered, and the nozzle (26) is moved to the loading basket (28) side to switch the adsorbed seed (A) to the loading basket (28). When the discharged seed (A) is on the shutter (11), the shutter (11) is opened at a low speed in the first half and at a high speed in the second half after the switching position. Seeded in an aligned state, and after the aligned sowing, return the shutter (11) to the closed state at high speed. Te, trays (1) 1 is advanced pitch of the pots, but to wait shooter (10) pot unit for performing next sowing downwardly (1a).
[0026]
  Further, as shown in FIG. 14, the shooter (10) is made of a soft and flexible material, and at least the lower end side is formed in a round pipe shape, and the shooter (10) is sandwiched and opposed to the lower end side of the shooter (10). The lower end side cross section of the shooter (10) is deformed into an oval shape by applying pressure to the pair of pressing members (32) to be arranged, so that the aligned sowing with the same posture of the seed (A) can be performed and added. By changing the pressure direction, vertical seeding in which the longitudinal direction (major diameter portion) of the seed (A) is set to the vertical direction as shown in FIG. 14 (1) with respect to each pot portion (1a) in a horizontal row, FIG. This makes it possible to facilitate horizontal sowing as shown in (2).
[0027]
  Further, in this case, by appropriately adjusting the pressing force of the pressing member (32), the oval shape of the lower cross section on the lower side of the shooter (10) is transformed into one having various dimensions, and the single shooter (10) is used for cucumber or It can be used for various types of seeds, such as for pumpkins. Even if the flatness and size of seeds (A) differ depending on the type of seeds (A), each child (A) can be handled appropriately. Due to the shape of the mouth, the single shooter (10) can be used in a wide range without causing the inconvenience that the longitudinal direction (major diameter portion) of the seed (A) is caught in the shooter (10). Is.
[0028]
  The shooter (10) may be formed of a soft and flexible material only at the lower end side, and the shooter (10) formed of such a soft and flexible material is used in the seeding device (3). May be.
[0029]
  As described above, in the embodiment, the relationship in which the seed (A) having a variation in size and shape is aligned in a certain direction by the relative movement of the shooter (10) and the shutter (11) is shown. Other than A), it can also be used effectively for the alignment of agricultural products such as cucumbers and pumpkins that vary in size and shape. For example, sorting by sorting vegetables and fruits in a sorting facility. Boxing work by aligning vegetables and fruits in a certain direction in work, packaging (packing) equipment, processing work by aligning vegetables and fruits in food processing facilities in a certain direction, or threshing brown rice in rice huller These are used for removal rate, grade determination work, etc. by aligning in a certain direction.
[0030]
  As an example of the configuration, a cucumber boxing device (33) for aligning cucumbers (K), which are objects to be aligned, in a fixed direction and packing the cucumber is shown in FIGS. 17 and 18, and the cucumber boxing device (33) is harvested. A supply conveyor (34) for supplying the cucumber (K), an endless circular conveyor (37) for storing the cucumber (K) from the conveyor (34) in the tray (35) and sequentially transporting it to the boxing position; A box transport conveyor (39) for transporting the packaging box (38) to the boxing position, a boxing machine (40) for packing cucumber (K) into the box (38) at the boxing position, and a box (38) packed in the box An unloading conveyor (41) for unloading, and a shooter (10a) as a guide member and a shutter as a mounting member at a joint between the supply conveyor (34) and the circulating conveyor (37) 11a) from the composed alignment device provided with a (42), and configured to align accommodated in the tray (35) by aligning orientation cucumbers (K) from the supply conveyor (34) in a certain direction. The shooter (10a) and the shutter (11a) of the alignment device (42) are similar to the relationship between the shooter (10) and the shutter (11) of the previous embodiment, and the shooter (10a) that varies the opening speed of the shutter (11a). ) And the shutter (11a) relative to each other, the posture of the cucumber (K) is aligned in a certain direction (in the case of FIG. 18, the longitudinal direction of the cucumber (K) is orthogonal to the opening direction of the shutter (11a)). The shapes and sizes of the shuter (10a) and the shutter (11a) correspond to the object and are used appropriately.
[0031]
  Further, in FIG. 19, the cucumbers (K) are partitioned in a plurality of rows and guided in a vertical posture on a supply conveyor (34a) (34b) which is a mounting member for supplying the harvested cucumber (K). A guide member (43) is provided, and shutters (44) (45) before and after the cucumber (K) in each row are retained on the transport surface of the conveyor (34a) on the feed end side are provided. 34a) The entire apparatus 34a is provided so as to be movable (forward or reciprocate) in a direction orthogonal to the conveying direction to constitute the aligning device (42). The front and rear shutters (44) (45) on the conveyor (34a) When the cucumber (K) stays in between, the conveyor (34) is moved in the direction perpendicular to the conveying direction so that the longitudinal direction of the cucumber (K) is aligned with the stationary stationary guide member (43). This posture When the shutters (44) and (45) are opened, the cucumbers (K) that are arranged side by side in a vertical orientation in each row on the conveying surface of the conveyor (34a) are sent to the circulating conveyor (37). .
[0032]
  20 and 21 show a configuration in which a two-stage opening operation is performed when the sowing shutter (11) is opened. The seed (A) in the seed hopper (4) is guided to the upper cylindrical guide. A cylindrical seed shooter (10b) to be inserted through the body (46) and a seeding shutter (11) for opening and closing a lower end opening of the shooter (10b) with an opening / closing cylinder (47), ) So as to drop the seed (A) released from the shooter (10b) when the shutter (9) is opened into the V-shaped seeding groove (C) formed by the pressure suppressor (49) that is lifted and lowered by Yes. Then, as shown in FIG. 21, in the first stage of the opening of the shutter (9), the shutter (11) is slightly opened, and the seed (A) is brought into contact with the inner wall of the cylindrical shooter (10b) for alignment. When the shutter (11) is returned to the original fully closed position, the inverted seed (A) is also tilted sideways and the seed (A) is removed by the shooter (10b) during the second full-opening operation. The seeds (A) are aligned, and the seed (A) fall position is regulated, and the seeds (A) aligned in the horizontal orientation are dropped into the seeding grooves (C) in the soil (B) in the fixed position tray (1). And sowing with improved alignment accuracy. That is, the seeding shutter (11) is moved in one direction on the opening / closing side and then moved in the opposite direction (first stage) and then fully opened (second stage) to improve alignment accuracy. May be repeated several times.
[0033]
【The invention's effect】
  As is apparent from the above embodiments, the present invention provides an object to be aligned.SeedsGuide the drop and align objectsSeedsGuide member for determining the direction of the guide member, opening and closing the lower end outlet of the guide member, and an object to be aligned on the mounting surfaceThe seedsAn object to be aligned on the mounting member.The seedsWhen the mounting member is mounted and the mounting member is opened, the alignment object is released from the guide member by the relative movement between the guide member and the mounting member.Of the seed that isConfigure the posture to align in a certain directionThe opening / closing operation speed of the mounting member can be changed, and the opening / closing operation speed can be changed according to the type of seeds to be aligned.So aligned objectsSeedsGuide members (10) and (10a) for determining the direction of (A), and objects to be aligned on the placement surfaceSeeds(A) It is provided with the mounting member (11) (11a) which mounts, and it is a target object by relative movement of a guide member (10) (10a) and mounting member (11) (11a).Seeds(A) is aligned in a certain direction, the posture is adjusted by the guide members (10) and (10a), and the objectEven if the type of seed (A) is changed,The alignment can be easily performed, and the alignment accuracy can be improved with a very simple means.
  Also, there are optimum shutter opening speeds depending on the type of seed (A), etc., but each setting device (19) (20) is adjusted to the optimum low speed and high shutter speed. It can be made possible.
[0034]
  Moreover, the guide members (10) and (10a) for guiding the fall of the alignment target object (A) and the alignment target object for opening and closing the lower end outlet of the guide members (10) and (10a).Seeds(A) mounting members (11) and (11a), and objects to be alignedSeedsThe guide members (10) and (10a) are moved by relative movement between the guide members (10) and (10a) and the placement members (11) and (11a) at the time of placing (A) on the placement members (11) and (11a). ) To align the posture of the alignment object (A) emitted from the guide member (10) (10a) on the inner wall.SeedsAlong with the posture of (A) well, it is possible to release while maintaining the good posture without breaking this posture, improving the accuracy of the alignment posture of the target object, work efficiency in the subsequent process Can be improved.
[0035]
  And a seed shooter (10) for charging seeds (A) from the seed hopper (4), and a seeding shutter (11) for opening and closing the lower end outlet of the seed shooter (10). In the sowing apparatus that performs sowing by the opening operation of (11), the opening operation speed of the sowing shutter (11) is provided so as to be slow in the first half and fast in the second half. In the first half, the flat seed (A) is placed in a stable and good condition along the inner wall of the shooter (11), and the seed sowing posture is adjusted in a substantially constant direction (the long diameter part of each child is in the horizontal or vertical direction). In the latter half, the seeds (A) can be released while maintaining their arranged posture without rotating, and the alignment accuracy can be improved.
[0036]
  Furthermore, a seed shooter (10) for charging seeds (A) from the seed hopper (4) one by one and a seeding shutter (11) for opening and closing the lower end outlet of the seed shooter (10) are provided, sowing In the sowing apparatus that performs sowing by opening the shutter (11), when the sowing shutter (11) is opened, the sowing shutter (11) is moved in one direction on the opening / closing side and then moved in the opposite direction. After that, for example, when the shutter (11) at the initial stage of the opening operation is moved slightly in one direction, the seed is aligned by contacting the inner wall of the shooter (10b) in the opposite direction. The seed (A) that is inverted when moving back to the closed position is also laid sideways, and when fully opened thereafter, seeding is performed with the seed direction aligned at a substantially predetermined position to improve the seed alignment accuracy. It is those that can be.
[0037]
  Moreover, a seed shooter (10) for introducing seeds (A) from the seed hopper (4) one by one and a seeding shutter (11) for opening and closing the lower end outlet of the seed shooter (10) are provided. (11) In the sowing apparatus that performs sowing by the opening operation, the outlet shape of the sowing shooter (10) is provided so as to be deformable so that the sowing direction of the seed (A) is changed vertically and horizontally. Therefore, it is possible to perform sowing in either the vertical sowing direction or the horizontal sowing direction with a simple operation by simply changing the outlet shape of the single shooter (10). Can be improved.
[0038]
  And a seed shooter (10) for charging seeds (A) from the seed hopper (4), and a seeding shutter (11) for opening and closing the lower end outlet of the seed shooter (10). (11) In the sowing apparatus that performs sowing with the opening operation, the outlet shape of the sowing shooter (10) is provided in a deformable manner corresponding to the seed shape of each child (A), Accuracy that properly corresponds to various seed shapes with a single shooter (10) without causing inconvenience such as catching even when the flat state of seed (A) or the size of seed (A) is different. It is possible to enable good aligned sowing.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a control circuit diagram.
FIG. 2 is a plan view of the whole.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory side view of a seeding unit.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory plan view of a seeding unit.
FIG. 5 is an operation explanatory diagram of a seeding unit.
FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a nozzle suction unit.
FIG. 7 is an explanatory side view of a shutter unit.
FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of a sowing tray.
FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the shutter unit.
FIG. 10 is a flowchart.
FIG. 11 is an operation diagram of a shutter.
FIG. 12 is a velocity diagram when the shutter is open.
FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram of a quantitative seeding device.
FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram of a shooter.
FIG. 15 is a control circuit diagram.
FIG. 16 is a flowchart.
FIG. 17 is an explanatory view of a cucumber boxing device.
FIG. 18 is an explanatory diagram of a shooter and a shutter in the cucumber boxing device.
FIG. 19 is another explanatory view of the cucumber boxing device.
FIG. 20 is an explanatory side view showing an example of a two-stage opening operation of the shutter.
FIG. 21 is an explanatory plan view showing an example of a two-stage opening operation of the shutter.
[Explanation of symbols]
(4) Seed hopper
(10) (10a) (10b) Shuta (guide member)
(11) (11a) Shutter (mounting member)
(43) Guide member
(A) Seeds (objects to be aligned)
(K) Cucumber (target object)

Claims

Seeds aligned as an object to drop guide, and a guide member which determines the direction of the seed is aligned objects, open and close the lower end outlet of said guide member, and the seeds are aligned object on the placement surface A placement member to be placed, and when the seeds to be aligned are placed on the placement member and the placement member is opened, the guide member and the placement member are moved relative to each other to move the guide. It is configured so that the posture of the seed that is the alignment target discharged from the member is aligned in a certain direction, the opening / closing operation speed of the mounting member can be changed, and the opening / closing operation according to the type of the seed that is the alignment target A seeder alignment apparatus characterized in that the speed can be changed .

The seeding machine alignment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the seed shooter (10) for charging seeds from the seed hopper (4) is used as a guide member, and the lower end outlet of the seed shooter (10) is opened and closed. In the seeding machine aligning apparatus in which the shutter (11) is a mounting member and sowing is performed by the opening operation of the seeding shutter (11), the opening operation speed of the seeding shutter (11) is slow in the first half, An arrangement device for a seeding machine, which is provided so as to be fast in the latter half.

The seeding machine alignment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the seed shooter (10) for charging seeds from the seed hopper (4) is used as a guide member, and the lower end outlet of the seed shooter (10) is opened and closed. In an aligning device of a seeding machine in which the shutter (11) is used as a mounting member and sowing is performed by the opening operation of the seeding shutter (11), the seeding shutter (11) is at the time of the opening operation of the seeding shutter (11). A seeding machine aligning device, wherein the device is moved in one direction on the opening and closing side, then moved in the opposite direction, and then fully opened.

The seeding machine alignment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the seed shooter (10) for charging seeds from the seed hopper (4) is used as a guide member, and the lower end outlet of the seed shooter (10) is opened and closed. In a seeding machine aligning apparatus in which the shutter (11) is a mounting member and sowing is performed by opening the sowing shutter (11), the sowing shooter is adapted to change the seed sowing direction vertically and horizontally. An arrangement device for a seeding machine, wherein the shape of the outlet of the seeder is configured to be deformable.

The seeding machine alignment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the seed shooter (10) for charging seeds from the seed hopper (4) is used as a guide member, and the lower end outlet of the seed shooter (10) is opened and closed. The seed shooter (10) has an outlet shape corresponding to various seed shapes in the seeding machine alignment apparatus in which the shutter (11) is used as a mounting member and seeding is performed by opening the seeding shutter (11). An arrangement device for a seeding machine, characterized in that it is configured to be deformable.