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JP3893161B2 - Converter operation method - Google Patents

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Publication number
JP3893161B2
JP3893161B2 JP10037895A JP10037895A JP3893161B2 JP 3893161 B2 JP3893161 B2 JP 3893161B2 JP 10037895 A JP10037895 A JP 10037895A JP 10037895 A JP10037895 A JP 10037895A JP 3893161 B2 JP3893161 B2 JP 3893161B2
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
converter
refractory
magnesia
furnace
refining
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
JP10037895A
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Japanese (ja)
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JPH08269528A (en
Inventor
久樹 加藤
茂 井上
秀栄 田中
悟史 小平
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JFE Steel Corp
Original Assignee
JFE Steel Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Priority to JP10037895A priority Critical patent/JP3893161B2/en
Publication of JPH08269528A publication Critical patent/JPH08269528A/en
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Description

【0001】
【産業上の利用分野】
この発明は、内張り耐火物の損耗プロフィールを均一になし、炉体コストを低減することができる転炉の操業方法に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
精錬用転炉の内張り耐火物には、化学的な耐食性、溶鋼およびスラグの攪拌に対する耐摩耗性、急激な温度変化に対する耐スポーリング性等が要求されている。そこで、従来、転炉の内張り耐火物は、図2に示されているように、転炉1の、溶鋼およびスラグと接触する内表面から鉄皮2側の背面まで、同一材質の例えばマグネシアカーボン煉瓦3によって構成されている。
【0003】
このように、転炉1の内張りを同一材質の耐火物によって構成することは、当該転炉の使用初期から末期まで、その1炉代全期間にわたり脱炭精錬操業を行う場合に、損耗速度が一定し、炉体の使用回数および使用期間を容易に推定することができ、安定した操業を行うことが可能になる利点がある。
【0004】
近時、1つの転炉において、その1炉代即ち全使用期間の前半において溶銑の脱炭精錬を行い、そして、その後半において溶銑の脱燐精錬を行うことが実施されるようになってきた。
【0005】
このような脱炭精錬および脱燐精錬を行う転炉における、内張り耐火物の損耗速度は、両者の操業温度の相違により、特にスラグライン部において、図3に示すように、その溶銑脱燐精錬時に比べ、脱炭精錬時の方が顕著に大である。即ち、脱燐精錬操業時における、溶銑と接触する部分の耐火物の溶損量は、脱炭精錬時の場合の溶損量の60〜80%であり、且つ、炉壁のスラグライン部の損耗速度は、通常の脱炭精錬時の場合の損耗速度の約3分の1に低減する。
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
上述したように、脱炭精錬と脱燐精錬とでは、転炉内張り耐火物の溶損量に差が生ずる結果、脱燐精錬時には、炉内側壁のスラグライン部よりも上側の耐火物の溶損が少なく、炉底部耐火物の残厚が使用限界になっても、スラグライン部よりも上側の側壁耐火物の残厚は、未だ使用可能状態の厚さになっている。
【0007】
従って、転炉の内張り耐火物の損耗プロフィールが不均一になり、使用後の転炉の炉体側壁には、溶損の少ない使用可能部分が残存する結果、極めて無駄が多く、耐火物原単位が大になって、経済的な不利益をもたらしている。
【0008】
特開昭60-54969号公報には、同一炉代中に低合金鋼精錬およびステンレス精錬を行う場合の転炉の内張り構造を、スラグライン周辺と、スラグライン周辺以外の部分とで、異なる材質の耐火物により構成したライニング方法が開示されている。
しかしながら、この方法は、転炉の炉内側壁を、炉体の高さ方向に異なる材質の耐火物によって構成したものであり、側壁の稼働面から背面に向けた炉壁幅方向は同一材質であることから、上記問題を解決するには至っていない。
【0009】
従って、この発明の目的は、上述した問題を解決し、炉体内張り耐火物の損耗プロフィールを均一となし、使用後の炉体に無駄がなく、耐火物原単位を低減させることができる転炉の操業方法を提供することにある。
【0010】
【課題を解決するための手段】
この出願の請求項1に記載の発明は、転炉の炉底部および側壁の湯溜り部は1層構造の耐火物によって構成され、そして、前記転炉の炉底部および側壁の湯溜り部以外の側壁部は、その厚さ方向に異なる材質からなる2層構造の耐火物によって構成され、前記1層構造部分、および、前記2層構造部分の溶湯およびスラグと接触する稼働面側は、電融マグネシアを含有するマグネシア・カーボン質の高品位耐火物によって構成され、そして、前記2層構造部分の背面側は、電融マグネシアを含有しないマグネシア・カーボン質の低品位耐火物によって構成されていることに特徴を有する転炉を使用した転炉の操業方法であって、その1炉代の前半は溶銑の脱炭精錬を行い、そして、その1炉代の後半は溶銑の脱燐精錬を行うことに特徴を有するものである。
【0012】
【作用】
この発明によれば、転炉の側壁部が、その厚さ方向に異なる材質の2層構造になっており、溶湯およびスラグと接触する稼働面側が、電融マグネシアを含有するマグネシア・カーボン質の高品位耐火物によって構成され、そして、その背面側が、電融マグネシアを含有しないマグネシア・カーボン質の低品位耐火物によって構成されている。
従って、転炉の1炉代前半において通常の脱炭精錬を行い、そして、その後半において溶銑の脱燐精錬を行うことにより、耐火物の損耗速度が部分的に低減しても、炉体内張り耐火物の損耗プロフィールはほぼ均一になり、使用後の炉体に無駄がなく、耐火物原単位を低減させることができる。
【0013】
【実施例】
次に、この発明を図面を参照しながら説明する。図1はこの発明の転炉の一実施例を示す概略垂直断面図である。図面に示すように、例えば容量 250屯の転炉1の、底吹き羽口7が形成された炉底部4および側壁の湯溜り部5は、電融マグネシアを含有するマグネシア・カーボン質の1層構造の高品位耐火物によって構成されている。
【0014】
転炉1の炉底部4および湯溜り部5以外の側壁部6は、その厚さ方向に異なる材質からなる2層構造の耐火物によって構成されている。即ち、側壁部6の、溶湯およびスラグと接触する稼働面側6aは、電融マグネシアを含有するマグネシア・カーボン質の高品位耐火物によって構成されており、そして、鉄皮2に接する背面側6bは、電融マグネシアを含有しないマグネシア・カーボン質の低品位耐火物によって構成されている。8は、転炉1内にその炉口1aから実質的に垂直に炉内に挿入された上吹きランスである。
【0015】
表1に、上記高品位耐火物および低品位耐火物の材質、化学成分および物性値の一例を示す。
【0016】
【表1】

Figure 0003893161
【0017】
次に、上述した構造の転炉による操業方法について述べる。
上記構造の転炉を使用し、その築炉後、1〜4500回の脱炭精錬を行った。この脱炭精錬は、脱燐および脱硫処理が施された溶銑 250屯を炉内に装入し、上吹きランス8から溶銑に向けて02ガスを吹込み、そして、底吹き羽口7からN2ガスを吹込むことによるスラグレス吹錬により行った。
【0018】
このようにして1炉代前半の4500回の脱炭精錬を行った後の転炉を使用し、その1炉代の後半は、2000回の溶銑脱燐精錬を行った。この脱燐精錬は、高炉から出銑された溶銑 250屯を炉内に装入し、上吹きランス8から溶銑に向けて02ガスを吹込み、CaO およびミルスケールを溶銑中に投入し、そして、底吹き羽口7からN2ガスを吹込むことにより行った。
【0019】
上述したように転炉の操業形態が変化しても、炉体内張り耐火物の損耗プロフィールは、ほぼ均一になり、使用後の炉体側壁に、溶損の少ない使用可能部分が残存することがなく、従って極めて無駄が少なく、耐火物原単位は低減し、炉体コストを約25%減少させることができた。
【0020】
【発明の効果】
以上述べたように、この発明によれば、炉体内張り耐火物の損耗プロフィールをほぼ均一となし、使用後の炉体に無駄がなく、耐火物原単位を低減させることができる工業上有用な効果がもたらされる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】この発明の転炉の一実施例を示す概略垂直断面図である。
【図2】従来の転炉の一例を示す部分概略垂直断面図である。
【図3】転炉の内張り耐火物の損耗速度を、脱炭精錬と脱燐精錬とで比較して示すグラフである。
【符号の説明】
1 転炉
2 鉄皮
3 マグネシアカーボン煉瓦
4 炉底部
5 湯溜り部
6 側壁部
6a 稼働面側
6b 背面側
7 底吹き羽口
8 上吹きランス[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention relates to a method for operating a converter capable of uniformly forming a wear profile of a lining refractory and reducing a furnace cost.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The refractory lining of a smelting converter is required to have chemical corrosion resistance, wear resistance against stirring of molten steel and slag, spalling resistance against rapid temperature changes, and the like. Therefore, conventionally, as shown in FIG. 2, the lining refractory of the converter is, for example, magnesia carbon of the same material from the inner surface of the converter 1 in contact with the molten steel and the slag to the back surface of the iron shell 2 side. It is made up of bricks 3.
[0003]
In this way, the lining of the converter 1 is made of a refractory material of the same material, so that when the decarburization refining operation is performed over the entire period of the furnace, from the initial use to the end of the converter, the wear rate is reduced. There is an advantage that the number of times of use and the period of use of the furnace body can be easily estimated, and stable operation can be performed.
[0004]
Recently, in one converter, hot metal decarburization and refining has been carried out in the first half of the furnace, that is, in the first half of the entire use period, and hot metal dephosphorization and refining has been carried out in the second half. .
[0005]
In the converter that performs such decarburization and dephosphorization, the wear rate of the lining refractory is different from the operating temperature of both, especially in the slag line part, as shown in FIG. Compared to the time, decarburization refining is significantly larger. That is, during the dephosphorization refining operation, the refractory amount of the refractory in contact with the hot metal is 60 to 80% of the refractory amount at the time of decarburization refining, and the slag line portion of the furnace wall The wear rate is reduced to about one third of the wear rate during normal decarburization refining.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As described above, decarburization refining and dephosphorization refining result in a difference in the amount of erosion loss in the converter lining refractory. Even if the loss is small and the remaining thickness of the bottom refractory reaches the service limit, the remaining thickness of the side wall refractory above the slag line portion is still in a usable state.
[0007]
Therefore, the wear profile of the refractory lining the converter becomes non-uniform, and as a result of the useable part with little melting loss remaining on the furnace body side wall of the converter after use, it is extremely wasteful and the refractory unit Has become an economic disadvantage.
[0008]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 60-54969 describes the lining structure of a converter when low alloy steel refining and stainless steel refining during the same furnace cost, with different materials around the slag line and other parts around the slag line. A lining method composed of refractories is disclosed.
However, in this method, the inner wall of the converter is constructed of refractories made of different materials in the height direction of the furnace body, and the width of the furnace wall from the working surface of the side wall toward the back is the same material. Therefore, the above problem has not been solved.
[0009]
Therefore, object of the present invention to solve the problems described above, no uniform wear profile of the furnace refractory lining, no waste furnace body after use, the converter capable of reducing the refractory MonoHara units Is to provide a method of operation .
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In the invention according to claim 1 of this application, the bottom of the converter and the sump on the side wall are constituted by a refractory having a single-layer structure, and other than the sump on the bottom and the side of the converter The side wall portion is composed of a refractory material having a two-layer structure made of different materials in the thickness direction, and the one-layer structure portion and the working surface side in contact with the molten metal and slag of the two-layer structure portion are fused. It is composed of a magnesia-carbonaceous high-quality refractory containing magnesia, and the back side of the two-layer structure is composed of a magnesia-carbonaceous low-grade refractory that does not contain electrofused magnesia. A converter operation method using a converter characterized by the above , in which the first half of the first furnace cost is decarburizing and refining hot metal, and the second half of the first furnace cost is dephosphorizing and refining hot metal Has characteristics It is intended.
[0012]
[Action]
According to this invention, the side wall portion of the converter has a two-layer structure made of different materials in the thickness direction, and the working surface side in contact with the molten metal and the slag is made of magnesia-carbonaceous material containing fusing magnesia. It is made of a high-grade refractory, and its back side is made of a magnesia-carbonaceous low-grade refractory that does not contain electrofused magnesia.
Therefore, even if the wear rate of the refractory is partially reduced by performing normal decarburization refining in the first half of the converter, and dephosphorizing hot metal in the second half, The wear profile of the refractory becomes substantially uniform, the furnace body after use is not wasted, and the refractory unit consumption can be reduced.
[0013]
【Example】
Next, the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic vertical sectional view showing an embodiment of the converter of the present invention. As shown in the drawing, for example, the bottom 4 of the converter 1 having a bottom blowing tuyere 7 and the sump 5 on the side wall of the converter 1 having a capacity of 250 kg are one layer of magnesia-carbonaceous material containing electrofused magnesia. Consists of high-grade refractories with a structure.
[0014]
Side wall parts 6 other than the furnace bottom part 4 and the hot water sump part 5 of the converter 1 are constituted by refractories having a two-layer structure made of different materials in the thickness direction. That is, the working surface side 6a of the side wall 6 that contacts the molten metal and slag is made of magnesia-carbonaceous high-grade refractory material containing electrofused magnesia, and the back surface side 6b in contact with the iron skin 2 Is composed of a magnesia-carbonaceous low-grade refractory that does not contain electrofused magnesia. Reference numeral 8 denotes an upper blow lance inserted into the converter 1 substantially vertically from the furnace port 1a.
[0015]
Table 1 shows an example of the material, chemical composition, and physical property values of the high-grade refractory and the low-grade refractory.
[0016]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003893161
[0017]
Next, an operation method using the converter having the above-described structure will be described.
The converter having the above structure was used, and after the furnace was constructed, decarburization refining was performed 1 to 4500 times. In this decarburization refining, 250 kg of hot metal that has been subjected to dephosphorization and desulfurization treatment is charged into the furnace, 0 2 gas is blown from the top blowing lance 8 toward the hot metal, and from the bottom blowing tuyere 7 Performed by slagless blowing by blowing N 2 gas.
[0018]
The converter after decarburizing and refining 4500 times in the first half of the furnace was used in this way, and in the latter half of the first furnace, hot metal dephosphorizing and refining was performed 2000 times. The dephosphorization refining, the molten iron 250 ton, which is tapped from the blast furnace is charged into the furnace, it was charged with 0 2 gas toward the top lance 8 to the hot metal blow, CaO and mill scale during the hot metal, Then, it was carried out by blowing an N 2 gas from the bottom tuyeres 7.
[0019]
As described above, even if the operation mode of the converter changes, the wear profile of the refractories stretched in the furnace body becomes almost uniform, and usable parts with little erosion may remain on the side wall of the furnace body after use. Therefore, there was very little waste, the refractory unit consumption was reduced, and the furnace cost could be reduced by about 25%.
[0020]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the wear profile of the furnace lining refractory is almost uniform, the furnace body after use is not wasted, and the industrially useful refractory unit can be reduced. The effect is brought about.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic vertical sectional view showing an embodiment of a converter of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a partial schematic vertical sectional view showing an example of a conventional converter.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the wear rate of the refractory lining the converter in a decarburization refining process and a dephosphorizing process.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Converter 2 Iron skin 3 Magnesia carbon brick 4 Furnace bottom part 5 Reservoir part 6 Side wall part
6a Working side
6b Rear side 7 Bottom blowing tuyere 8 Top blowing lance

Claims (1)

転炉の炉底部および側壁の湯溜り部は1層構造の耐火物によって構成され、そして、前記転炉の炉底部および側壁の湯溜り部以外の側壁部は、その厚さ方向に異なる材質からなる2層構造の耐火物によって構成され、前記1層構造部分、および、前記2層構造部分の溶湯およびスラグと接触する稼働面側は、電融マグネシアを含有するマグネシア・カーボン質の高品位耐火物によって構成され、そして、前記2層構造部分の背面側は、電融マグネシアを含有しないマグネシア・カーボン質の低品位耐火物によって構成されていることを特徴とする転炉を使用し、その1炉代の前半は溶銑の脱炭精錬を行い、そして、その1炉代の後半は溶銑の脱燐精錬を行うことを特徴とする、転炉の操業方法。 The bottom of the converter and the sump on the side wall are composed of a refractory having a single-layer structure, and the side walls other than the bottom and the sump on the side of the converter are made of different materials in the thickness direction. The working surface side that is in contact with the molten metal and slag of the one-layer structure portion and the two-layer structure portion is made of magnesia-carbonaceous high-grade refractory material containing fusing magnesia. It is constituted by the object, and the back side of the two-layered portion using a converter which is characterized by being composed by a low-grade refractory magnesia-carbonaceous containing no fused magnesia, part 1 A converter operating method, characterized in that hot metal decarburization refining is performed in the first half of the furnace charge, and dephosphorization refining of hot metal is performed in the second half of the furnace charge.
JP10037895A 1995-03-31 1995-03-31 Converter operation method Expired - Fee Related JP3893161B2 (en)

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JP3893161B2 true JP3893161B2 (en) 2007-03-14

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