JP3861235B2 - Process liquid supply method and apparatus for machine tool - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a processing liquid supply method and apparatus for a machine tool. Here, the treatment liquid refers to one for washing away chips .
[0002]
[Prior art]
FIG. 4 shows an example of a processing liquid supply apparatus in a conventional machine tool, and a tank for recovering the processing liquid s supplied to a workpiece fixing base and a processing liquid supply required portion such as a workpiece w fixed thereto. 19, a pump 21 for transferring the processing liquid s in the tank 19, and a liquid passage means 22a for supplying the processing liquid s transferred from the pump 21 to the processing liquid supply necessary portion at any time. It has.
[0003]
Chips generated by machining with a machine tool adhere to or accumulate on the workpiece w or workpiece fixing base, but these chips accurately fix the next workpiece w on the workpiece fixing base. When machining of w is completed, it is necessary not to remain on the work fixing base, and in order to meet this requirement, chips generated by machining are removed from the inflow portion of the tank 19 during or after machining of the workpiece w. to wash away towards a maximum flow rate or more flow moments required processing liquid s of appropriate pressure, the continuously fed through the pump 21 and fluid passage means 22a is.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the supply of the treatment liquid s by the conventional pump 21 and the liquid passage means 22a described above, the discharge capacity of the pump 21 is continuously supplied at a flow rate that is at least the instantaneous maximum flow rate that is required to wash away the chips. It is required to have a size that can be handled.
[0005]
Now, the instantaneous maximum flow rate is Q1, the pressure when flowing out from the tip of the processing liquid passage means 22a is P0, and the pressure loss from the outlet of the pump 21 to the end of the liquid passage means 22a is P1. Then, the power consumption W1 of the pump 21 is represented by the following formula, that is, w1 = k · Q1 · (P0 + P1). Here, k is a constant, and (P0 + P1) is the discharge pressure of the pump 21.
[0006]
In an actual machine tool example, the Q1 is about 200 L / min and the (PO + P1) is about 0.3 MPa. Therefore, the power consumption of the pump is relatively large, and the entire machine tool is In many cases, it exceeds 25% of the consumption power.
[0007]
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, in terms of maintaining the wash capacity of the chip caused by machining, it is an object to reduce the power required to supply the treatment liquid.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
To achieve the above object, in the method of the present invention, as described in claim 1, treatment liquid for flushing debris cut into necessary portions, such as a machine tool fixed work fixing table and to work the When intermittently supplying, a sub tank is provided at an appropriate height on the work fixing base, and an amount of the processing liquid that roughly matches the single supply amount necessary for washing away chips is stored in the sub tank. with wash debris at a maximum flow rate instantaneous required wash chip-away to more caused to flow down into the required position in the action of gravity and collected in the main tank, so as to transfer to the sub-tank treatment liquid in the main tank by a pump carry out.
[0009]
In this invention, the sub-tank stores the amount of processing liquid that roughly matches the one-time supply amount at the start of each processing liquid supply. Then, under the state where the stored processing liquid retains the total head (for example, about 0.5 to 10 m) corresponding to the required discharge pressure on the work fixing base or the work fixed to the work fixing table due to the gravity action. And it supplies, maintaining the state which flows more than the required instantaneous maximum flow rate. Such supply is particularly effective in washing away the chips fixed to the work fixing base and the work.
[0010]
Even when the supply of the processing liquid from the sub tank to the work fixing base or work is stopped, the processing liquid can be transferred to the sub tank by the pump. The processing liquid is transferred into the sub tank by the time it is necessary.
[0011]
Therefore, in the present invention, even if the pump has a relatively small discharge capacity and the total lift of the treatment liquid at an arbitrary point in the sub-tank is relatively small, the chips can be washed away as accurately as in the past. . As a result, the utility of the conventional processing liquid is maintained and the power consumption of the pump is greatly reduced compared to the conventional case.
[0012]
At this time, as described in claim 2, when the amount of the processing liquid that substantially matches the one-time supply amount necessary for washing the chips is stored in the sub tank, the transfer of the processing liquid by the pump is stopped. It is good to make it. In this way, excess processing liquid is not transferred into the sub tank, and the power consumption of the pump can be further reduced.
[0013]
Next, in the present invention, as described in claim 3, the instantaneous maximum flow rate required when supplying the processing liquid for scouring the chips to the processing liquid supply required point is Q1, and the single supply amount of the processing liquid When T1 is an outflow time for the sub-tank to flow out toward the work, and T2 is a time from the outflow of the processing liquid of the one-time supply amount to the outflow of the processing liquid of the next one-time supply amount, The discharge flow rate Q is equal to or greater than the value calculated by the mathematical formula Qmin = Q1XT1 / T2, and the discharge flow rate Q is set to be smaller than the instantaneous maximum flow rate of the treatment liquid of one supply amount.
[0014]
According to this, the pump transfers the processing liquid in the tank to the sub-tank before the next supply start after the supply of the processing liquid of one supply amount. At this time, the fact that the discharge flow rate Q of the pump is smaller than the instantaneous maximum flow rate of the processing liquid that is supplied once, contributes to reducing unnecessary power consumption of the pump.
[0015]
The present invention can be embodied as follows. That is, as described in claim 4, a tank in which a processing liquid for chip washing supplied to a work fixing base and a processing liquid supply necessary place of a work fixed to the work fixing table flows, and a work fixing A sub-tank that stores an amount of processing liquid that roughly matches the amount supplied once at an appropriate height of the table, a pump for feeding the processing liquid in the tank to the sub-tank, and a processing liquid in the sub-tank And a liquid passage opening / closing means that is allowed to flow out by gravity action toward a necessary location.
[ 0016]
In the present invention, an amount of processing liquid substantially matching the one-time supply amount stored in the sub-tank passes through the liquid passage means, so that the necessary instantaneous maximum flow rate is obtained under a state having a relatively small total head. In the state where it flows out as described above, it is supplied to the place where the processing liquid supply is required. As described above, such a supply effectively acts to wash away chips adhering to the workpiece fixing base and the workpiece.
[0017]
After the supply of the processing liquid in the sub-tank has flowed out, the supply of the processing liquid from the sub-tank is temporarily stopped. The liquid is transferred continuously or discontinuously into the sub tank. At this time, the pump can be transferred into the sub tank even when the supply of the processing liquid from the sub tank is stopped. Therefore, even if the pump has a relatively small discharge capacity, the sub tank is supplied more than once by the pump. This processing liquid is transferred by the start of the supply thereof.
[0018]
Therefore, in this invention as well, as in the case of the invention described in claim 1, even if the pump has a relatively small discharge capacity and the total head of the processing liquid in the sub tank is relatively small, the chips can be washed away. As a result, the power consumption of the pump is greatly reduced as compared with the prior art while maintaining the utility of the conventional processing liquid.
[0019]
In the embodiment of the present invention, the sub-tank is installed such that the bottom surface of the sub-tank is about 0.5 m to 10 m higher than the upper surface of the work fixing base. In this way, the discharge pressure when the pump transfers the processing liquid from the tank to the sub tank is reduced to, for example, about 1/10 of the conventional level. The treatment liquid is supplied without any trouble. At this time, the reduction of the discharge pressure of the pump greatly contributes to the reduction of power consumption.
[0020]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
1 to 3 show a processing liquid supply apparatus in a machine tool according to the present invention, FIG. 1 is a front view with a part omitted, FIG. 2 is a side view, and FIG. 3 shows a processing liquid supply system. .
[0021]
In these drawings, 1 is a base, 2 is a work fixing base fixed on the base 1, 3 is a jig for fixing the work w on the work base 2, and 4 is a base 1. It is the workpiece processing means formed on the top.
[0022]
The work fixing base 2 has a structure in which receiving members 5 and 5 for supporting the work w are fixed on the upper surface, and the processing liquid, which is the processing liquid s flowing down on the upper surface, is collected by gravity and flows out to another place. .
[0023]
The jig 3 forms a portal-type presser structure with left and right upright members 6 and 6 and a horizontal member 9 installed between the upper ends of these members 6 and 6 via a shaft 7 and fastening means 8, A holding beam member 10 facing in the front-rear direction is attached to the lower surface of the center of the length of the horizontal member 9, workpiece contact members 11, 11 are pivotally attached to the front and rear ends of the holding beam member 10, and the workpiece w is fixed to the workpiece fixing base. When the workpiece w is fixed on the workpiece 2, the workpiece abutting members 11 and 11 are pressed against the upper surface of the workpiece w while the workpiece w is loaded onto or unloaded from the workpiece fixing table 2. The member 9 is swung around the shaft 7 so that the workpiece w can be suspended and moved.
[0024]
The workpiece machining means 4 includes a longitudinal guide track 12 fixed on the base 1 and a gang head 13 that is guided by the guide track 12 and moved back and forth. A large number of front and rear spindles 14 are rotatably mounted, a motor 15 is provided for rotating the spindles 14 at the same time, and a cutting tool 16 is fixed to each spindle 14.
[0025]
Reference numeral 17 denotes a processing liquid supply device that supplies a processing liquid to the upper surface of the work fixing base 2 or to a portion where the processing liquid needs to be supplied to the work w fixed on the work fixing base 2. it is for performing a wash stream's waste.
[0026]
The processing liquid supply device 17 includes a filter box 18 into which the processing liquid s and chips supplied to the work w fixed to the work fixing base 2 flow, and a processing liquid s from which the chips are removed by the filter box 18. A main tank 19 that is to flow into, and a sub tank 20 that is installed at a position higher than the workpiece fixing base 2 by a specific distance and stores an amount of the processing liquid s that roughly matches the amount of processing liquid s supplied to the workpiece w once. And a pump 21 for feeding the processing liquid s in the main tank 19 to the sub-tank 20, and the processing liquid s in the sub-tank 20 is allowed to flow out at an arbitrary time toward the processing liquid supply necessary place by gravity. The liquid passage means 22 is provided.
[0027]
Then, 23 in conduit was communicating the filter box 18 and the main tank 19, and the process liquid s in the filter box 18 is made as to flow into the main tank 19 by gravity. Reference numeral 24 denotes a suction pipe of the pump 21 and reference numeral 25 denotes a bell mouth fixed to the lower end of the suction pipe 24.
[0028]
The discharge flow rate Q of the pump 21 is determined as follows, that is, the instantaneous maximum flow rate of the single supply amount of the processing liquid s when intermittent processing liquid supply is performed to the processing liquid supply required portion. Q1, an outflow time for the processing solution s of this one-time supply amount to flow out from the sub tank 20 toward the work w, T1, and the next one-time supply amount from the outflow of the one-time supply amount of the processing solution s. When the time until the outflow of the processing liquid s is T2, it is larger than the Qmin value calculated by the formula Qmin = Q1 × T1 / T2, and is smaller than the instantaneous maximum flow rate of the processing liquid of the one-time supply amount. Preferably, the size is substantially matched with the Qmin value.
[0029]
A pipe 26 is led from the discharge port of the pump 21 to the sub tank 20, and a float opening / closing valve 27 is attached to the end of the pipe 26. The float opening / closing valve 27 is for stopping the inflow of the processing liquid from the pump 21 into the sub tank 20 when the amount of the processing liquid s in the sub tank 20 reaches the one-time supply amount. Reference numeral 28 denotes a conduit for overflowing excess processing liquid s to the tank 19 when the processing liquid s is excessively supplied into the sub tank 20.
[0030]
The sub-tank 20 has an upper surface open to the atmosphere, and a bottom surface 20a through a pair of left and right support columns 29, 29 so that the bottom surface 20a is positioned higher than the upper surface of the work fixing base 2 by a distance h of about 0.5 m to 10 m. In practice, the distance h is about 2.5 m to 3 m in order to reduce the power consumption of the pump 21, and the capacity is about 10L to 100L.
[0031]
The liquid passage means 22 includes a liquid passage opening / closing means 30 formed on the bottom surface 20a of the sub tank 20, a pipe 31 extending downward from the outflow hole a of the liquid passage opening / closing means 30, and the pipe. A pair of branch conduits 32, 32 formed by branching the passage 31 into two branches, and a nozzle 33 formed at the end of each branch conduit 32, and when the liquid passage opening and closing means 30 is open, A single supply amount of the processing liquid s in the sub-tank 20 flows down through the pipeline 31 and the branch pipelines 32 and 32 by gravity and is ejected from each nozzle 33 for several tens of seconds. The treatment liquid s in the sub tank 20 is prevented from flowing out to the pipe line 31 when 30 is closed.
[0032]
At this time, the liquid passage opening / closing means 30 includes a valve body 34 for closing the outflow hole a formed in the bottom surface 20a of the sub tank 20, a rod 35 to which the valve body 34 is fixed, and the rod 35 up and down. A pneumatic cylinder device 36 for driving, and the valve body 34 is lifted and displaced by the shortening operation of the pneumatic cylinder device 36 to open the outflow hole a, and the valve is operated by the expansion operation of the pneumatic cylinder device 36. The body 34 is displaced downward, and the outflow hole a is closed.
[0033]
The pneumatic cylinder device 36 is supplied with compressed air through an air supply switching valve (not shown). This air supply switching valve is switched by a control operation of a control device 37 installed at the rear end of the base 1. Telescopic operation. Each nozzle 33 is a round nozzle having a circular nozzle having a diameter of 6 to 8 mm or a flat nozzle having a rectangular nozzle having a length of 4 mm and a width of 80 mm.
[0034]
Next, usage examples and operations of the above-described apparatus of the present invention will be described. In this example, it is assumed that a plurality of workpieces w are sequentially processed. In addition, the operation of each operation unit may be performed automatically or manually by the control operation of the control device 37. After fixing the first workpiece w to the workpiece fixing base 2 via the jig 3, the pump is always rotated and the operation for workpiece processing is started. Thereby, each spindle 14 is rotated, and the gang head 13 is displaced leftward in FIG. 2, and the cutting tool 16 fixed to each spindle 14 starts cutting the workpiece w.
[0035]
Immediately before the cutting tool 16 starts cutting the workpiece w, the fluid passage opening / closing means 30 of the fluid passage means 22 is opened. As a result, the processing liquid s stored in advance in the sub-tank 20 flows out from each nozzle 33 through the outflow hole a, the pipe line 31 and the branch pipe lines 32 and 32 by the gravitational action, and is fixed to the work fixing base 2 and this. The workpiece w is continuously supplied toward the portion where the processing liquid needs to be supplied. Here, the treatment liquid supply necessary part refers to箇plant supply is required for the processing liquid s to flush chips produced by the cutting of the workpiece w by the cutters 16. The flow rate during the supply of the treatment liquid s is always consistent with the instantaneous maximum flow rate required for the supply of the treatment liquid s to the conventional treatment liquid supply necessity portion. Is continuously performed during cutting of the workpiece w by the blade 16.
[0036]
The supplied process liquid s becomes even wash stream to a chip adhering as a work w fixed thereto and the work fixing table 2 in the filter box 18 of. The chips and the processing liquid s flowing into the filter box 18 are separated and removed here, and the processing liquid s after the chips are removed flows into the main tank 19 and is again pump 21. Is transferred into the sub tank 20.
[0037]
When the cutting of the workpiece w by the cutting tool 16 is completed, the liquid passage opening / closing means 30 is closed and the supply of the processing liquid s in the sub tank 20 is stopped. In the supply of the processing liquid s as described above, the processing liquid s in the sub tank 20 continuously flows out from the opening operation to the closing operation of the liquid passage opening / closing means 30 described above. The amount of spilled out means the one-time supply amount. When the supply of the processing liquid s is stopped, the workpiece w is fixed by the jig 3 and the processed workpiece w is carried out to the next process, and then the next workpiece w is carried onto the workpiece fixing table 2. The workpiece w is fixed via the jig 3 in the same manner as the previous workpiece w. Thereafter, the same processing is repeated.
[0038]
In the above embodiment, the required instantaneous maximum flow rate Q1 of the processing liquid s flowing out from the sub tank 20 is 200 L / min, and a single supply amount of the processing liquid s flowing out from the sub tank 20 is required to flow out of the sub tank 20. It is assumed that the time T1 is 20 seconds, and the time T2 from the outflow of the one-time supply amount of processing liquid to the next outflow of the one-time supply amount of processing liquid is 100 seconds. The discharge capacity Q of the pump 21 matches the Qmin value calculated by the formula Qmin = Q1 × T1 / T2, that is, 40 L / min, and the discharge pressure of the pump 21 (including the resistance of the pipe line). ) Is 0.06 MPa.
[0039]
On the other hand, in the conventional processing liquid supply apparatus shown in FIG. 4 corresponding to the above-described embodiment, the flow rate when supplying the processing liquid s to the processing liquid supply required portion is always 200 L / min, which is the instantaneous maximum flow rate Q1. The discharge pressure of the pump 21 is about 0.3 MPa.
[0040]
Under such conditions, the power consumption of the pump 21 is compared between the above embodiment and the conventional case as follows. The power consumption W (kw) of the pump 21 is expressed by the equation W = k · Pt · Qt where the discharge pressure of the pump 21 is Pt (MPa) and the flow rate is Qt (L / min).
[0041]
Therefore, the ratio between the power consumption W1 of the conventional pump and the power consumption W2 of the pump of the above embodiment is W1: W2 = (k × 0.3 × 200) :( k × 0.06 × 40) = 60 : 2.4. As is apparent from this result, the power consumption W2 of the pump of the above embodiment is only 4% of the power consumption W1 of the conventional pump.
[0042]
In dry cutting or the like in which the friction part between the workpiece w and the cutting tool 16 is not lubricated at all, it is not always necessary to use the processing liquid s with an emphasis on lubricity for washing off the chips. In this case, cleaning is performed as the processing liquid. It is also possible to use a known cleaning liquid that places importance on the property.
[0043]
Further, when the discharge flow rate of the pump 21 is larger than the above Qmin, it is not necessary to always rotate the pump 21 during use of the machine tool. In this case, the processing liquid s stored in the sub tank 20 is discharged from the sub tank 20. The rotation operation is automatically stopped when it reaches an appropriate amount larger than the single supply amount of the processing liquid supply, and the rotation operation is automatically started when the supply amount becomes smaller than the single supply amount. It can also be. In this case, the float opening / closing valve 27 is unnecessary.
[0044]
【The invention's effect】
According to the first aspect of the present invention configured as described above, even if the pump has a relatively small discharge capacity and the total lift of an arbitrary point of the processing liquid in the sub-tank is relatively small, the chips flushing is of being conventionally Similarly accurately performed, thus, in terms of maintaining the washout effect of conventional treatment liquid, it is greatly reduced compared with the rated output and the power consumption and the power consumption of the pump with the conventional Can do.
[0045]
According to the second aspect of the present invention, excess processing liquid is not transferred into the sub tank, so that the power consumption of the pump can be further reduced.
[0046]
According to the third aspect of the present invention, the processing liquid of a single supply amount or more is transferred from the tank to the sub tank from the outflow of the processing liquid of the single supply amount in the sub tank to the start of the outflow of the next processing liquid. And wasteful power consumption of the pump can be reduced. At this time, the power consumption can be greatly reduced as the discharge flow rate of the pump approaches Qmin.
[0047]
According to the invention described in claim 4, as in the case of the invention described in claim 1, while maintaining the utility of the conventional processing liquid, the rated output of the pump, the power consumption and the power consumption are conventionally set. Compared to this, it can be greatly reduced.
[0048]
The discharge pressure at which further pumps to transfer the treatment liquid to the sub tank from the main tank, without causing a trouble in and chip wash stream with a processing solution, it is possible to reduce to a conventional example, about 1/10 Yes, this greatly reduces the rated output of the pump, its power consumption and power consumption.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front view in which a part of a processing liquid supply apparatus in a machine tool according to the present invention is omitted.
FIG. 2 is a side view of a processing liquid supply apparatus in the machine tool.
FIG. 3 is a view showing a processing liquid supply system of the machine tool.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a processing liquid supply system of a conventional machine tool.
[Explanation of symbols]
2 Work fixing base 19 Main tank 20 Sub tank 21 Pump Q Pump discharge flow rate Q1 Instantaneous maximum flow rate T1 Time T2 Time s Treatment liquid w Workpiece

Claims (4)

When intermittently supplying a treatment liquid for the chips washed away necessary portions, such as a fixed workpiece to the work fixing table and which in a machine tool, provided a sub-tank proper height above the work fixing table, the sub-tank a generally matched the amount of the processing liquid at a time supply volume necessary for rinse debris off the inner is stored, outright by more flow down into the required position in the gravity with the maximum instantaneous flow rate required to wash away debris off the process solution A processing liquid supply method in a machine tool, characterized in that the waste is washed away and collected in the main tank, and the processing liquid in the main tank is transferred to the sub tank by a pump. 2. The processing in a machine tool according to claim 1, wherein when the amount of processing liquid that substantially matches the one-time supply amount required for washing away chips is stored in the sub-tank, transfer of the processing liquid by the pump is stopped. Liquid supply method. Q1 is the instantaneous maximum flow rate required when supplying the processing liquid for scouring away the chips to the processing liquid supply necessary place, and T1 is the outflow time for the single supply of the processing liquid to flow out from the sub tank to the workpiece. , And T2 is the time from the outflow of the processing liquid of the one-time supply amount to the outflow of the processing liquid of the next one-time supply amount, the discharge flow rate Q of the pump is expressed by the formula Qmin = Q1XT1 / 3. The processing liquid supply method for a machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the processing liquid supply method is a value greater than or equal to a value calculated by T2 and smaller than an instantaneous maximum flow rate of the processing liquid of one supply amount. The main tank in which the processing liquid for washing the chips supplied to the work fixing base and the work liquid supply required place of the work fixed to this flows into the work tank and the chip at the appropriate height position on the work fixing base. A sub-tank that stores an amount of processing liquid that roughly matches the one-time supply amount required for flushing, a pump for feeding the processing liquid in the main tank to the sub-tank, and a processing liquid in the sub-tank A processing liquid supply apparatus in a machine tool, comprising: a liquid passage opening / closing means that allows the liquid to flow out by gravity action toward a necessary portion.

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