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JP3853364B2 - 音波切除 - Google Patents

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Publication number
JP3853364B2
JP3853364B2 JP52974296A JP52974296A JP3853364B2 JP 3853364 B2 JP3853364 B2 JP 3853364B2 JP 52974296 A JP52974296 A JP 52974296A JP 52974296 A JP52974296 A JP 52974296A JP 3853364 B2 JP3853364 B2 JP 3853364B2
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
sonic
catheter
ablation
sheath
transducer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
JP52974296A
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English (en)
Other versions
JPH10502290A (ja
Inventor
クローリー,ロバート・ジェイ
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Boston Scientific Ltd Barbados
Original Assignee
Boston Scientific Ltd Barbados
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Boston Scientific Ltd Barbados filed Critical Boston Scientific Ltd Barbados
Publication of JPH10502290A publication Critical patent/JPH10502290A/ja
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP3853364B2 publication Critical patent/JP3853364B2/ja
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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    • A61B8/12Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves in body cavities or body tracts, e.g. by using catheters
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    • A61B17/22Implements for squeezing-off ulcers or the like on inner organs of the body; Implements for scraping-out cavities of body organs, e.g. bones; for invasive removal or destruction of calculus using mechanical vibrations; for removing obstructions in blood vessels, not otherwise provided for
    • A61B17/22004Implements for squeezing-off ulcers or the like on inner organs of the body; Implements for scraping-out cavities of body organs, e.g. bones; for invasive removal or destruction of calculus using mechanical vibrations; for removing obstructions in blood vessels, not otherwise provided for using mechanical vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic shock waves
    • A61B17/22012Implements for squeezing-off ulcers or the like on inner organs of the body; Implements for scraping-out cavities of body organs, e.g. bones; for invasive removal or destruction of calculus using mechanical vibrations; for removing obstructions in blood vessels, not otherwise provided for using mechanical vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic shock waves in direct contact with, or very close to, the obstruction or concrement
    • A61B17/2202Implements for squeezing-off ulcers or the like on inner organs of the body; Implements for scraping-out cavities of body organs, e.g. bones; for invasive removal or destruction of calculus using mechanical vibrations; for removing obstructions in blood vessels, not otherwise provided for using mechanical vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic shock waves in direct contact with, or very close to, the obstruction or concrement the ultrasound transducer being inside patient's body at the distal end of the catheter
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    • B06B1/02Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy
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    • B06B1/0607Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using multiple elements
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Description

発明の分野
本発明は音波エネルギーを用いる組織切除に関する。
発明の背景
現在、不整脈に対して、薬剤、凍結切除、手術、ペースメーカー、高周波(RF)切除、レーザー切除を含む多数の医学的および外科的治療が存在する。これらの方法のいくつかは、末端近くに1つまたはそれ以上の切除要素を有するカテーテルを脈管系を通って心臓に入れるというものである。例えば、Marcusらの米国特許第5295484号は、半円筒形切除変換器の配列を有する心臓切除カテーテルを開示している。これらのカテーテルは、不整脈に関係する心臓の個々の領域を捜し当てるために、心臓の組織を通る信号伝達をマッピング(mapping)するための電極を1つまたはそれ以上有する場合もある。
発明の要旨
1つの要旨において、本発明は、カテーテルの円周を取り囲む放射パターンに放射する組織切除のための音波エネルギーを発生するカテーテルシステムを特徴とする。このカテーテル胴体は、細長く、生体内の位置への送達のため、および電源への接続のための構成にされている。音波変換器の配列は、電源から電力を受け取るように、および、電源から受け取る電力に応じて組織を切除するのに充分な音波エネルギーを発生するように構成されている。切除変換器の1つまたはそれ以上を独立して制御するメカニズムによって、カテーテルから離れた選択位置で組織を切除するのに所望される音波エネルギーパターンを生じさせる。音波変換器は、カテーテル胴体の円周を取り囲む放射パターンに放射する音波エネルギーを発生するようにデザインされた環状形態を有している。
変換器は環状形態であるので、有効カテーテル表面積を最大にし、カテーテルシース内に容易に装着される。さらに、変換器の環状形態によって発生される音波エネルギーの放射パターンによって、医師はカテーテルを回転させずに360°(即ち、リング形)に切除を行い、冷却液を通すことができる通路(即ち、内腔540)を得る。さらに、そのような環状変換器は、安価であり、容易に製造でき、機械的に強い。
他の要旨において、本発明は、音波切除デバイスおよび液体口と連絡する内腔を有する組織切除用のカテーテルシステムを特徴とし、この液体口は、内腔とカテーテル胴体の外部空間との間を液体が通過するように構成される。内腔は、カテーテル胴体に対して縦方向に、および音波切除デバイスに近接して、液体を通過させるように構成されて、音波切除デバイスを冷却する。
音波切除デバイスに近接して、縦方向に液体を通過させることによって、音波切除デバイスを効率的に冷却する。切除変換器が組織切除に充分な音波エネルギーを発生するように、大量の電力を切除変換器に適用することができる。変換器は、音波エネルギーを発生させるときに熱も発生させる。効率的な冷却によって、変換器およびカテーテルシステムに対する熱損傷が防止され、変換器により多量のエネルギーが適用されるようにする。
他の要旨においては、本発明は、音波切除デバイス、および切除される組織に近接して音波切除デバイスを配置するための音波透過性スタンドオフバルーンを有する組織切除のためのカテーテルシステムを特徴とする。バルーンを通過する音波エネルギーによって組織を切除するように、音波切除デバイスが配置される。
音波切除デバイスを配置するために音波透過性スタンドオフバルーンを用いることによって、精密な切除を行うための音波デバイスの精密移動を可能にする。さらに、バルーンの安定性が、カテーテル胴体の予め決められた動きによって、音波切除デバイスが生体内の特定の位置に配置または再配置されるのを可能にする。さらに、カテーテルがバルーン無しで生体内で前後に移動する場合に生じることがある組織または弁への損傷の可能性が、バルーン内でカテーテル胴体を前後に滑らせることによって減少される。
他の要旨において、本発明は、音波切除デバイスによって発生される音波エネルギーを切除される組織に向けて再方向付けするように構成される、音波切除デバイスに近接して位置する音波エネルギー再方向付けデバイスを有する組織切除用のカテーテルシステムを特徴とする。
音波エネルギーの再方向付けは、再方向付けされる組織に音波エネルギーを増加および集中させる。その結果、音波デバイスによって発生される音波エネルギーの全てが特定の組織部分を切除するのに使用され、切除される組織からエネルギーが離れることによるエネルギーの浪費がない。
実施には、下記特徴が含まれてもよい。再方向付けデバイスは、音波切除デバイスの一部のまわりに位置する反射シールドであってもよい。カテーテルシステムは、カテーテルをその軸のまわりに回転させるためにカテーテルに連結された回転機構を有していてもよい。
他の要旨において、本発明は、音波変換器の配列、およびカテーテルから離れた選択位置での組織切除のために所望の音波エネルギーパターンを生じさせるために各切除変換器を選択的に制御する機構、を有する組織切除用のカテーテルシステムを特徴とする。この機構は、他の変換器から独立して変換器の1つまたはそれ以上に電力を供給するように形成された電力アプリケーター、および他の変換器から独立して変換器の1つまたはそれ以上に供給された電力の位相をシフトするように形成された位相シフターを有して成る。
電力アプリケーターおよび位相シフターを有する機構を使用することによって、変換器から伝送される音波エネルギーが特定の音波エネルギー放射パターンを形成するように調節される。これらの特定パターンは、カテーテルシステムを移動させずに、線状および環状切除を含む種々の形の切除を行うのに使用することができる。
他の利点および特徴が下記の記載から明らかである。
発明の説明
図1は、先端電極、音波切除変換器配列、およびリング電極を有する音波切除電気生理学カテーテルの遠位末端の側面図である。
図2は、図1の線2−2の拡大側断面図である。
図3は、図2の変換器配列と制御エレクトロニクスとの間の接続を示す模式図図である。
図4は、組織に当てられた音波エネルギー放射パターンを説明する、音波切除電気生理学カテーテルの遠位末端の側断面図である。
図5は、他の音波エネルギー放射パターンを説明する、音波切除電気生理学カテーテルの遠位末端の側面図である。
図6は、組織に当てられた他の放射パターンを説明する、音波切除電気生理学カテーテルの遠位末端の側断面図である。
図7は、心房に使用されている音波切除電気生理学カテーテルの模式図である。
図8は、心室に使用されている音波切除電気生理学カテーテルの模式図である。
図9は、カテーテルシース、液体ポンプ、および調節器を有して成る、音波切除カテーテルを収容するためのアセンブリの側面図である。
図10は、末端開口を有するシースを有して成る音波切除電気生理学アセンブリの側断面図である。
図11は、バルーンを有するカテーテルシース、並びに音波切除変換器配列およびリング電極を有する音波切除電気生理学カテーテルを有して成る音波切除電気生理学アセンブリの側断面図である。
図12は、カテーテルシース、並びに音波切除変換器配列、リング電極、および音波画像変換器を有する音波切除電気生理学カテーテルを有して成る音波切除電気生理学アセンブリの側断面図である。
図13は、カテーテルシース、並びに、リング電極、音波切除変換器配列、および反射シールドを有する音波切除電気生理学カテーテルを有して成る音波切除電気生理学アセンブリの側断面図である。
図14は、図13の線14−14の横断面図である。
図15は、先端電極、音波切除変換器配列、およびリング電極を有する音波切除電気生理学カテーテルの遠位末端の側断面図である。
図16は、図15の線16−16の横断面図である。
構造
図1を参照すると、音波切除電気生理学カテーテル500は、組織切除のための環状音波要素504−514の配列502を有する。カテーテル500は、高周波(RF)電流組織切除のための先端電極516、および組織マッピングのためのリング電極518−522をも有する。図2を参照すると、矢印538で示される冷却液が、カテーテルシャフト524の内腔540を通過して液体口542に出る。
図2および3を参照すると、各音波切除要素504−514が金属被覆変換器リング526を有する。血液の音波インピーダンスと実質的に同等の音波インピーダンスを有する導電性面整合536を介して、音波エネルギーが周囲の血液および組織に伝送される。吸音材534が隣接する変換器リング526の間に配置されて、電気的および音波的に変換器リング526を互いに絶縁することによって、音波方向性を向上させる。このリングは、縦断面積を小さくするようにカテーテルの壁にはめ込まれ、それによって、カテーテルの軸に対して実質的に半径方向にのみ音波エネルギーを発する。
カテーテルは一般に円筒形である。従って、環状変換器が有効カテーテル表面積を最大にし、カテーテルシース内に容易に装着される。さらに、変換器の環状形態は、医師がカテーテルを回転することなく360°(即ち、リング形)の切除を行うことを可能にし、冷却液が通過できる通路(即ち、内腔540)を与える。
前記具体例においては、環状形態が完全な円筒であるが、別の具体例においては、環状形態が幾分かは完全な円筒でなくてもよく、但し、変換器によって発生する音波エネルギーがカテーテル胴体の円周のまわりに放射パターンを形成することを条件とする。
変換器リング526は、メタニオブ酸鉛またはジルコン酸−チタン酸鉛(例えば、Vernitron,corp.製造のPZT5a、)のような圧電材料から製造され、孔あけ、旋削および/または研削によってリングに成形される。このような環状変換器は安価で、容易に製造でき、耐久性である。音波切除に対しては、変換器リング526は強く、幅、W1が、約0.010−0.100インチであり、厚さ、T1が、約0.010−0.100インチである。変換器によって生じるビーム角度(ビーム幅を示す)は一般に20°またはそれ以上である(0から−3dBまでを測定)。整合層536は厚さ、T2が、約0.010インチであり、変換器リングの外部表面を覆っている。整合層536は、銀充填エポキシから製造される(Emerson and Cummings,Corp.から入手)。吸音材534は、幅、W2が、約0.001−0.010インチであり、強化エポシキから製造される(Devcon,corp.から入手)。リングは、吸音エポシキの薄層によってカテーテルに保持される。または、リングをカテーテルポリマー、例えば、ナイロンまたはポリエチレンにはめ込むこともできる。変換器は、約1−30MHzの高周波を約1〜100ワットの平均切除電力レベルで発生する超音波発生器からの連続正弦波によって駆動される。
通例、音波画像変換器配列は、平均画像電力レベル1ワット未満における超音波発生器からのパルスエコーモード(即ち、短音波パルス)で駆動される。画像変換器によって生じるビーム角度は一般に3°未満である。短いパルス、狭いビーム音波エネルギーパターンが、横方向および軸方向の高解像度を与える。変換器の既知の角度位置および反射の範囲(距離)を用いて、映される面積を掃引することによって受け取られる反射から、画像が形成される。
特に図3を参照すると、変換器526の外部表面に接続されている外部リード線530および変換器526の内部表面に接続されている内部リード線532によって、各変換器リング526が、電気的に電源528に連結されている。リード線530、532は、絶縁層(図示せず)で覆われている。電力は、増幅器の利得の変化によって変化される。電力が大きいほど、変換器によって発生するダイポールパターンの振幅が大きくなる。しかし、長時間の高電力は、過度の組織切除を引き起こし、音波切除変換器の配列を損傷させることがある。
スイッチ544および遅延線554が、リード線530、532の各セットを発生器528に連結させる。スイッチ544は、対応する変換器に電力を供給するかしないかを調節する。遅延線554は、発生器528からの電力を対応する変換器に供給するのを遅らせることによって、対応する変換器526によって発生する音波エネルギー波形の位相を調節する。使用者がスイッチ544および遅延線554の設定を手動で調節してもよいし、または、設定を調節するためにコントローラー529を使用することもできる。
一旦、音波切除電気生理学カテーテル500が配置されると、変換器526のいくつか、または全てが、スイッチ544によって作動されるか、あるいはどれもが作動されず、変換器のいくつか、または全ての位相が遅延線554によって遅延されるか、あるいはどれもが遅延されずに、切除される組織の特定部分に向かう放射パターンを与える。さらに、変換器526によって発生する波形の位相は、発生器528とリード線530、532との間の電気的接続を逆にするためにスイッチ544が使用されるときに、例えば180°シフトさせることができる。変換器526の異なる組み合わせに電力を供給し、次にこれらの変換器によって発生される波形の位相をシフトすることによって、異なる放射パターンを発生させることができる。
各変換器によって伝送される音波エネルギーの波長が放射表面(即ち、変換器表面)よりも短いときに、自然焦点効果が得られる。従って、放射パターンの形を変化させる以外に、音波エネルギー放射パターンの極大部の深さ(即ち、焦点)を、変換器リングに適用される位相および周波数を変えることによって変化させることができる。一般に、周波数が高いほど、その極大部がカテーテルからより遠くに離れる。所望のパターンを形成するための配列の制御について、Acoustic Wave Device Imaging & Analog Signal Processing,by Gordon S.Kino pp.227-271(1987 Prentice-Hall Publishing)に記載されている。
図4を参照すると、配列に隣接する個々の組織部分を、カテーテルを動かさずに切除することができる。例えば、組織548の部分546を切除するために、対応するスイッチ544(図示せず)によって最も近い変換器526aに電力が供給される。作動されたとき、変換器526aが音波放射パターン550を発生させる。組織548において、音波放射パターン550の面積552が加熱される。しかし、面積552内の極大部においてのみ、組織を切除するのに充分な熱さである。一般に、変換器526に適用される位相および周波数が、面積552内のどこに極大部が位置するかを決定する。従って、組織部分546を切除するために、極大部が部分546に位置するように周波数が選択される。
図5を参照すると、個々の位置および深さの組織の特定部分を切除するのに充分な音波エネルギー波形を発生させるために、電力を複数の変換器に適用することができる。例えば、広いパターン556が参考パターン(即ち、一般的ダイポールパターン)であり、全ての変換器526が位相中にある(例えば、各変換器に遅延がない、または等しい遅延である)ときに得られる結果である。最も近位および最も遠位の変換器(例えば、526aおよび526f)の波形の位相をいくらかシフト(即ち、遅延)させることによって、細長い(即ち、圧縮された)パターン558が発生する。特定の変換器に電力を供給し、それらの変換器の波形の位相をシフトすることによって、複数の突出した音波エネルギーパターン(図示せず)を発生させることもできる。
図6を参照すると、遠位変換器(例えば、526eおよび526f)の波形の位相をいくらかシフトすることによって、軸方向に配列を越えて位置する放射パターン560が発生する。また、面積562内の組織548全体が放射パターン560の中に存在するが、切除の極大部を組織部分564に配置するように周波数が選択される。
使用法
図7を参照すると、心房細動の治療のために、カテーテル500が心臓570の心房に挿入されている。長細い、スライス状の浅い切除が、心房細動治療に必要とされることが多い。従って、図5に関して記載したように、音波配列502の変換器が作動され、カテーテルのまわりの心臓組織の長細い浅い領域573を、カテーテルを移動させずに、または組織に直接触れずに、切除するために円板状放射パターン572を発生させるようにそれらの変換器の波形が調節される。
図8を参照すると、心室性頻脈の治療のために、ヒトの心臓570の右心室にカテーテル500が挿入されている。心室性頻脈は、心室の比較的厚い心筋に起こるので、治療には深く細い切除が必要とされる。従って、心臓組織の深く細い領域576を切除するために、音波配列502の変換器が、わずかに圧縮された放射パターン574を発生させる波形を生じるように制御される。より広い切除領域を形成するために、カテーテルを移動させずに切除領域を徐々に移動させる波形を形成するように、変換器が作動される。または、カテーテル500を、所望の治療方向(例えば、矢印578)に沿って移動する。
他の具体例
音波切除配列502の変換器526は、スイッチ544にのみ、または遅延線554にのみ、連結されていてもよい。さらに、遅延線554が、固定した、または変化し得る遅延期間を有することもできる。所望の音波エネルギー放射パターンを選択するために連続的に変化する設定は、変換器526をスイッチ544に、および変化する遅延期間を有する遅延線554に接続することによって得られる。固定放射パターンは、変換器526を、固定遅延期間を有する遅延線554にのみ接続することによって得られるが、一方、制限された数の予め決められた放射パターンは、変換器526を、スイッチ544、および固定遅延期間を有する遅延線554に接続することによって得られる。
図9を参照すると、シース582を、カテーテル600(図示せず)と共に使用することもできる。シース582が初めに患者の心臓に挿入され、例えば心臓の弁を通過した位置、または冠状静脈洞内の安定な位置に移動される。音波切除電気生理学カテーテル600が次にシース582内に挿入され、X線の誘導の下に、切除される組織の近くに配置される。調節器586および液体ポンプ588が、冷却液(図示せず)をシース582内から流出口583へ循環させて、変換器を冷却する。
または、冷却液が、カテーテルシャフト524中の内腔540(図2に示す)を、矢印538に沿って液体口542を通り、近位にシース582内を通過して循環される。カテーテルに対して縦方向に、内腔540およびシース582の両方を通過する冷却液が、内部表面(内腔540中の冷却液に接する)および外部表面(シース582中の冷却液に接する)の両方から熱を取り除くことによって、効率的に変換器を冷却する。変換器によって発生される熱の一部が、内腔540中の液体によって除去されるので、シース582中の液体が全ての熱を取り除く必要がなく、その結果、必要とされる液体の量が減少し、シース582のサイズを縮小し得る。
図10を参照すると、シース582は完全に音波透過性であるか、または音波透過性材料の部分584を有していてもよい。ポリエチレンのような音波透過性材料は、良好な音波伝送性を有し、音波配列602からの音波放射エネルギーを透過させて、前記のように組織を切除する。カテーテル600は、音波配列602が作動される間に、シース582内で前後にスライドさせることができる。
シース582の配置安定性は、配列602の精密移動を可能にして、精密な切除ができるようにする。さらに、シース582の安定性により、カテーテル600の予め決められた動きによって、配列602を、患者の体内の特定の位置に配置および再配置することができる。さらに、シース582内でカテーテル600を前後にスライドさせることによって、カテーテルがシース無しに患者の体内で前後に動かされる場合に起こる組織または弁の破損の可能性が減少し、カテーテル先端601を鈍くすることができる(即ち、先端601を丸くする必要がない)。
矢印590で示される塩水のような冷却液が、シース内腔592および流出口583を通って循環して、音波配列602によって発生する熱を除去することができる。カテーテル600が流出口583から突出させて、リング電極618−622を作動させるようにすることもできる。
図11を参照すると、シース582が音波透過性スタンドオフバルーン624を有する。バルーン624は、例えば患者の心臓に、シース582をさらに配置し安定させるために使用される。また、前記の利点によりカテーテル600をシース582内で前後にスライドさせることができ、音波透過性冷却液をカテーテル内腔およびシース582に循環させるために液体ポンプ586および調節器588を使用することができる。
図12を参照すると、カテーテル600が音波画像変換器610を有する。そのような画像変換器についての詳細が、1993年7月1日出願の、「CATHETERS FOR IMAGING,SENSING ELECTRICAL POTENTIALS,AND ABLATING TISSUE」と題する米国特許出願第08/086523号に見い出だされる。画像変換器610は、例えば患者の心臓を映すために、および、カテーテル600をシース582内に配置するのに使用される。音波画像変換器610を有して成るカテーテル600は、シース582の有無にかかわらず使用することができる。
図13および14を参照すると、カテーテル600が音波反射シールド612を有する。音波配列602によって発生し、シールド612に向けられた音波エネルギーを、音波反射シールド612が、矢印614によって示される方向に放射状に反射し、方向付けする。反射方向のエネルギー(矢印614)が増加し、シールドの形に関連して集中する。1つの例として、シールドが配列の軸のまわりを約180°にわたって取り巻き(図14)、矢印615によって示される方向に音波エネルギーを集中させることができる。その結果、音波配列602によって発生する全音波エネルギーが特定の組織部分を切除するために用いられ、切除される組織からエネルギーが離れていくというエネルギーの無駄がなくなる。
音波反射シールド612は、厚さ、T3が約0.002−0.005インチのステンレス鋼であってもよく、音波配列602にエポキシで付着し得る。カテーテル600は、音波エネルギーが特定の位置に方向付けられるように、回転機構(図示せず)を有していてもよい。音波反射器612を有するカテーテル600は、シース582の有無にかかわらず使用することができる。
図15および16を参照すると、音波切除電気生理学カテーテル620が、音波要素624−634の配列622を有する。各音波要素624−634が、2つの半円筒音波変換器を有する:624a、624b;626a、626b;628a、628b;630a、630b;632a、632b;634a、634b。各音波要素の半円筒音波変換器が、各変換器の外部表面に接続されている外部リード線636および各変換器の内部表面に接続されている内部リード線638を介して電源(図示せず)につながれている。半円筒音波変換器の各対が、環状形態を有する音波要素を与え、各要素が、カテーテル胴体の円周を取り囲む放射パターンの音波エネルギーを発生させる。
音波要素が半円筒変換器の対から構成されるので、配列622が良好な柔軟性を有し、この柔軟性によってカテーテル胴体640の良好なつながりが可能となる。さらに、内部リード線638を各半円筒変換器の内部表面に接続するのが容易であり、半円筒変換器の対を中央コアー(即ち、カテーテル胴体640)のまわりに組合せるのが容易である。
他の具体例が、下記請求の範囲に記載されている。

Claims (4)

  1. 組織切除用のカテーテルシステムであって、
    生体内の位置に送達するために構成された細長いカテーテル胴体であって、電源への連結に適応したカテーテル胴体と、
    前記電源から電力を受け取るため、および、その受け取った電力に応じて、組織を切除するのに充分な音波エネルギーを放射させるために構成され、前記カテーテル胴体に配置された音波切除デバイスと、
    生体内の位置に送達するために構成され、前記カテーテル胴体を収容するために構成された細長い柔軟シースであって、少なくとも部分的に音波透過性であるとともにその末端において流出口を備えるシースと、
    前記カテーテル胴体内の内腔と、
    前記内腔および前記シースと通じている液体口と、
    を有して成り、
    前記液体口が、前記内腔と前記カテーテル胴体の外部空間との間、および前記シース内を液体が通過するように構成され、
    前記内腔および前記シースが、前記音波切除デバイスを冷却するために、前記カテーテル胴体に対して縦方向に、および前記音波切除デバイスに近接して、液体が通過し、さらに前記液体が前記流出口を通過するように構成されている、
    カテーテルシステム。
  2. 前記音波切除デバイスが、放射外部表面、および内部表面を有して成る請求項1に記載のカテーテルシステム。
  3. 前記内腔が、前記内部表面に近接して液体を通過させる請求項2に記載のカテーテルシステム。
  4. 前記音波切除デバイスが、一連に配列された環状の音波変換器を有して成る請求項2に記載のカテーテルシステム。
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US08/415,514 US5630837A (en) 1993-07-01 1995-03-31 Acoustic ablation
US08/415,514 1995-03-31
PCT/US1996/004455 WO1996029935A1 (en) 1995-03-31 1996-04-01 Acoustic ablation

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US5630837A (en) 1997-05-20
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