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JP3845237B2 - Elution device for optical fiber bundle manufacturing - Google Patents

Elution device for optical fiber bundle manufacturing Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3845237B2
JP3845237B2 JP33623099A JP33623099A JP3845237B2 JP 3845237 B2 JP3845237 B2 JP 3845237B2 JP 33623099 A JP33623099 A JP 33623099A JP 33623099 A JP33623099 A JP 33623099A JP 3845237 B2 JP3845237 B2 JP 3845237B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
elution
sig
conduit
groove
optical fiber
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JP2001151527A (en
Inventor
和之 五十嵐
幸男 野口
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Olympus Corp
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Olympus Corp
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03CCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C25/00Surface treatment of fibres or filaments made from glass, minerals or slags
    • C03C25/66Chemical treatment, e.g. leaching, acid or alkali treatment
    • C03C25/68Chemical treatment, e.g. leaching, acid or alkali treatment by etching

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Optical Fibers, Optical Fiber Cores, And Optical Fiber Bundles (AREA)
  • Manufacture, Treatment Of Glass Fibers (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、SIGコンジットから酸溶出法によって光学繊維束(イメージバンドル)を製造する場合に使用する光学繊維束製造用溶出装置に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、SIG(Soluble Image Guide:溶出イメージガイド)コンジットから酸溶出法によって光学繊維束を製造する場合に、SIGコンジットの長さが長いもの(2000mmを越えるもの)については、垂直に保持するのが困難であるため、図6に示すように、断面が略半円形の溶出溝1を傾斜を付けて置き、上流側に溶出液2のタンクや供給バルブなどを設け、下流側に液位調整用板や廃液受け槽などを設け、溶出溝1内に寝かせたSIGコンジット3に溶出液2を流しながら溶出処理するものが知られている。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
従来の技術においては、SIGコンジット3が溶出溝1に直接置かれているため、溶出溝1と接触している部分で溶出が十分に行われず、一部溶け残ってしまう場合があり、可撓性が得られずハンドリングの際に溶出後の光学繊維束の一部に折れや切れ(光学繊維束の最外周の繊維1又は2本の折れ)が発生するという問題点を有していた。
【0004】
また、溶出液2をオーバフローさせているため、SIGコンジット3が置かれた溶出溝1の底の部分は、溶出液2の流れが遅く繊維から発生する溶出カスが完全に流れず、最後まで残ってしまうため乾燥後の光学繊維束が硬く、固体潤滑剤塗布時に光学繊維束がばらけ難く固体潤滑剤が付き難く、また折れも発生し易いという問題点を有していた。
【0005】
本発明は、従来の技術が有するこのような問題点に鑑みてなされたものであり、その目的とするところは、SIGコンジットの周囲の溶出液の流れを良くして溶出カスが繊維に残らない光学繊維束製造用溶出装置を提供しようとするものである。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記課題を解決すべく本発明は、SIGコンジットが配置可能な長さを備えた溝部と、
前記SIGコンジットの周壁を所定の間隔で支持するとともに、前記溝部の底部に対して前記SIGコンジットを離間させる支持部材と、前記溝部内で前記支持部材に支持された前記SIGコンジットに対して溶出液を供給する供給手段と、前記供給手段で供給された溶出液を回収する回収手段とを具備して光学繊維束製造用溶出装置を構成した
【0007】
前記支持部材は、複数の円形孔を有する板状部材を略等脚台形状に形成するとよい。
【0008】
また、前記支持部材は、ネット状部材を前記溶出溝の形状に沿うように形成してもよい。
【0009】
また、前記支持部材は、略U字型の線状部材を所定間隔で並列に前記溶出溝に沿って配設してもよい。
【0010】
光学繊維束製造用溶出装置は、前記溶出溝は複数個並列に配置され、これら溶出溝の上流側には溶出液のタンクと供給バルブを、下流側には液位調整用板と廃液受け槽を備えるとよい。
【0011】
(作用)
SIGコンジットが支持部材を介して溶出溝内に置かれ、溶出溝と直接接触することなく溶出液中に浮いている状態になるため、SIGコンジット周辺の溶出液の流れが良くなる。そして、タンクから供給バルブを介して複数の溶出溝に供給された溶出液が夫々の溶出溝内に支持部材を介して置かれたSIGコンジットが万遍なく溶出処理される。
【0012】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下に本発明の実施例を添付図面に基づいて説明する。ここで、図1は本発明に係る光学繊維束製造用溶出装置の斜視図、図2は図1の一部拡大図、図3は図2のA−A線断面図、図4及び図5は支持部材の別実施例の斜視図である。
【0013】
図1に示すように、光学繊維束製造用溶出装置は、3本の溶出溝1を傾斜を付けて平行に配設し、溶出溝1の上流側に溶出液(硝酸や苛性ソーダなど)2のタンク4や供給バルブ5などを設け、下流側に液位調整用板(不図示)や廃液受け槽7などを設けている。
【0014】
溶出溝1には、SIGコンジット3を溶出溝1の内曲面に接触させることなく、溶出溝1に満たされた溶出液2中に支持する支持部材8が配設され、支持部材8の上にSIGコンジット3を置くようにしている。なお、従来技術と同様な構成要素には、同一符号を付した。
【0015】
支持部材8は、図2及び図3に示すように、円形孔8aが一面に所定の間隔で開けられた板材を用い、互いに平行な2箇所を所定の角度θ(例えば、θ=120°)で曲げ加工し、底面8bと側面8c,8cから成る略等脚台形状に形成したものである。支持部材8は、2箇所の曲げ部を溶出溝1の内曲面に当接することで支持される。また、溶出溝1の上縁部に支持部材8の両側端部を掛けるようにしても良い。
【0016】
ここで、支持部材8の底面8bの幅Wは、例えば溶出溝1の曲率を考慮して底面8bと溶出溝1との隙間dが、少なくとも5mm以上になるように設定される。また、円形孔8aの大きさは直径8〜20mm、円形孔8aの間隔は2〜5mm程度が望ましい。円形孔8aの大きさが20mmより大きいと繊維束が撓み折れにつながるからであり、8mmより小さいと溶出カスの流れが悪くなる。円形孔8aの間隔についても、同様である。
【0017】
支持部材8の材質については、酸やアルカリに浸食されることがなく、また熱に対して少なくとも50〜100℃の範囲で変形しないものが良い。例えば、金属、プラスチック、好ましくはSUSパンチング板である。また、底面8bの表面状態は、繊維が引掛かるようなバリが生じないように孔加工の仕方を考慮する必要がある。例えば、円形孔8aをパンチ加工する場合には、SIGコンジット3が置かれる面の方からパンチングすれば良い。
【0018】
なお、本実施例では、支持部材8の底面8b及び側面8cに円形孔8aを開けているが、底面8bのみに円形孔8aを開けても良い。また、支持部材8を円形孔8aを開けた平板状の底面8bのみで形成しても良い。また、孔の形状は、円形だけではなく、四角や三角などでもいい。
【0019】
以上のように構成した光学繊維束製造用溶出装置の作用について説明する。
支持部材8を介して溶出溝1内に酸溶出の対象となるSIGコンジット3が置かれる。次いで、タンク4から供給バルブ5を介して溶出溝1に溶出液2が供給される。
【0020】
すると、溶出液2が溶出溝1を流れてSIGコンジット3を溶出処理する。この溶出処理に際してSIGコンジット3は、溶出溝1と直接接触することなく溶出液2中に浮いている状態になるため、SIGコンジット3周辺の溶出液2の流れが良く、溶出カスや酸溶出部の溶け残りが溶出処理された繊維束に生じることがない。
【0021】
そして、溶出処理を行った溶出液2は、溶出溝1の下流端部に設けられた液位調整用板を越えて廃液受け槽7に達する。
なお、図3に示す溶出液2の液位は、液位調整用板の設置位置によって調整される。
【0022】
図4及び図5は、夫々支持部材の別実施例を示し、図4に示す支持部材10は、耐酸性及び耐アルカリ性の金属又はプラスチック製でネット状に形成された部材が溶出溝1の曲面形状に沿うように丸めて加工され、網目10aが所定間隔で溶出溝1に沿って形成されるようにしたものである。
【0023】
図5に示す支持部材11は、耐酸性及び耐アルカリ性の金属又はプラスチック製で、はしご状に形成された部材が溶出溝1の曲面形状に沿うように丸めて加工され、略U字型の線状部材11bが所定間隔で並列に溶出溝1に沿って配設されるようにしたものである。
【0024】
これらの支持部材10,11における網目10a,11aの大きさは、円形孔8aの場合と同様に、溶出処理によって製造される繊維束が撓み折れないような大きさにすれば良い。
【0025】
SIGコンジット3の溶出処理に際し、SIGコンジット3が支持部材10,11を介して溶出溝1内に置かれると、SIGコンジット3は、溶出溝1と直接接触することなく溶出液2中に浮いている状態になるため、SIGコンジット3周辺の溶出液2の流れが良く、溶出カスや酸溶出部の溶け残りが溶出処理された繊維束に生じることがない。
【0026】
本発明は以下の項目に示す形態によっても把握できる。
【0027】
2.請求項1に記載の光学繊維束製造用溶出装置において、前記支持部材は複数の孔を有する板状部材を略等脚台形状に形成してなることを特徴とする光学繊維束製造用溶出装置である。
【0028】
3.請求項1に記載の光学繊維束製造用溶出装置において、前記支持部材はネット状部材を前記溶出溝の形状に沿うように形成してなることを特徴とする光学繊維束製造用溶出装置である。
【0029】
4.請求項1に記載の光学繊維束製造用溶出装置において、前記支持部材は略U字型の線状部材を所定間隔で並列に前記溶出溝に沿って配設してなることを特徴とする光学繊維束製造用溶出装置である。
【0030】
5.請求項1及び上記項目2ないし4に記載の光学繊維束製造用溶出装置において、前記溶出溝は複数個並列に配置され、これら溶出溝の上流側には溶出液のタンクと供給バルブを、下流側には液位調整用板と廃液受け槽を備えたことを特徴とする光学繊維束製造用溶出装置である。
【0031】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように本発明によれば、SIGコンジットが、溶出溝と直接接触することなく溶出液中に浮いている状態になるため、SIGコンジット周辺の溶出液の流れが良くなり、溶出カスや酸溶出部の溶け残りが溶出処理された光学繊維束に生じることがないので、光学繊維束の切れや集中折れがなくなる。
また、SIGコンジットが曲面状の溶出溝に直接置かれるのではなく、支持部材を介して置かれるので、繊維が横に広がり易く繊維の表面状態が良くなって繊維束が柔らかくなり、苛性ソーダ内での繊維束の液中もみほぐしの作業性が向上する。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明に係る光学繊維束製造用溶出装置の斜視図
【図2】図1の一部拡大図
【図3】図2のA−A線断面図
【図4】支持部材の別実施例の斜視図
【図5】支持部材の別実施例の斜視図
【図6】従来の光学繊維束製造用溶出装置に用いる溶出溝の斜視図
【符号の説明】
1 溶出溝
2 溶出液
3 SIGコンジット
4 タンク
5 供給バルブ
7 廃液受け槽
8,10,11 支持部材
8a 支持部材の円形孔
10a,11a 網目
8b 支持部材の底面
8c…支持部材の側面
11b…略U字型の線状部材
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an optical fiber bundle manufacturing elution apparatus used when an optical fiber bundle (image bundle) is manufactured from an SIG conduit by an acid elution method.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, when an optical fiber bundle is produced from a SIG (Soluable Image Guide) conduit by an acid elution method, a long SIG conduit (over 2000 mm) is held vertically. Since it is difficult, as shown in FIG. 6, the elution groove 1 having a substantially semicircular cross section is placed with an inclination, a tank or supply valve for the eluate 2 is provided on the upstream side, and the liquid level is adjusted on the downstream side. It is known that a plate, a waste liquid receiving tank, and the like are provided and an elution process is performed while flowing the eluate 2 through a SIG conduit 3 laid in the elution groove 1.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the conventional technology, since the SIG conduit 3 is directly placed in the elution groove 1, the elution is not sufficiently performed at the portion in contact with the elution groove 1, and a part of the elution may be left undissolved. However, there is a problem that the optical fiber bundle after the elution is broken or broken (one or two fibers on the outermost periphery of the optical fiber bundle are broken) during handling.
[0004]
In addition, since the eluate 2 overflows, the elution residue generated from the fiber does not flow completely at the bottom of the elution groove 1 where the SIG conduit 3 is placed, and the eluate generated from the fiber does not flow completely. As a result, the optical fiber bundle after drying is hard, and the optical fiber bundle is difficult to be scattered when the solid lubricant is applied, so that the solid lubricant is difficult to be attached, and breakage is likely to occur.
[0005]
The present invention has been made in view of such problems of the prior art. The object of the present invention is to improve the flow of the eluate around the SIG conduit so that the eluate remains on the fiber. An elution apparatus for producing an optical fiber bundle is to be provided.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a groove portion having a length in which the SIG conduit can be disposed,
A support member for supporting the peripheral wall of the SIG conduit at a predetermined interval and separating the SIG conduit from the bottom of the groove, and an eluent for the SIG conduit supported by the support member in the groove And an elution apparatus for producing an optical fiber bundle . The elution apparatus is configured to recover the eluate supplied by the supply means .
[0007]
The support member may be formed of a plate-like member having a plurality of circular holes in a substantially isosceles trapezoidal shape.
[0008]
Moreover, the said supporting member may form a net-like member so that the shape of the said elution groove may be met.
[0009]
In addition, the support member may be provided with substantially U-shaped linear members arranged in parallel at predetermined intervals along the elution groove.
[0010]
In the elution apparatus for manufacturing optical fiber bundles, a plurality of the elution grooves are arranged in parallel, an elution liquid tank and a supply valve are provided upstream of these elution grooves, and a liquid level adjusting plate and a waste liquid receiving tank are provided downstream. It is good to have.
[0011]
(Function)
Since the SIG conduit is placed in the elution groove through the support member and floats in the elution liquid without directly contacting the elution groove, the flow of the elution liquid around the SIG conduit is improved. Then, the SIG conduit in which the eluate supplied from the tank to the plurality of elution grooves via the supply valve is placed in each elution groove via the support member is uniformly eluted.
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Here, FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an elution apparatus for manufacturing an optical fiber bundle according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. FIG. 7 is a perspective view of another embodiment of the support member.
[0013]
As shown in FIG. 1, the elution apparatus for manufacturing an optical fiber bundle has three elution grooves 1 arranged in parallel with an inclination, and an eluate (nitric acid, caustic soda, etc.) 2 is disposed upstream of the elution groove 1. A tank 4 and a supply valve 5 are provided, and a liquid level adjusting plate (not shown) and a waste liquid receiving tank 7 are provided on the downstream side.
[0014]
The elution groove 1 is provided with a support member 8 that supports the elution liquid 2 filled in the elution groove 1 without bringing the SIG conduit 3 into contact with the inner curved surface of the elution groove 1. SIG conduit 3 is placed. In addition, the same code | symbol was attached | subjected to the component similar to a prior art.
[0015]
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the support member 8 uses a plate material in which circular holes 8a are opened at a predetermined interval on one surface, and two parallel points are set at a predetermined angle θ (for example, θ = 120 °). And is formed into a substantially isosceles trapezoidal shape consisting of a bottom surface 8b and side surfaces 8c, 8c. The support member 8 is supported by bringing two bent portions into contact with the inner curved surface of the elution groove 1. Further, both end portions of the support member 8 may be hung on the upper edge portion of the elution groove 1.
[0016]
Here, the width W of the bottom surface 8b of the support member 8 is set such that the gap d between the bottom surface 8b and the elution groove 1 is at least 5 mm or more in consideration of the curvature of the elution groove 1, for example. The size of the circular holes 8a is desirably 8 to 20 mm in diameter, and the interval between the circular holes 8a is preferably about 2 to 5 mm. This is because if the size of the circular hole 8a is larger than 20 mm, the fiber bundle is bent and bent, and if it is smaller than 8 mm, the flow of the elution residue becomes worse. The same applies to the interval between the circular holes 8a.
[0017]
About the material of the supporting member 8, what does not deform | transform in the range of at least 50-100 degreeC with respect to a heat | fever is not eroded with an acid and an alkali. For example, metal, plastic, preferably SUS punching plate. The surface state of the bottom surface 8b needs to take into account the way of drilling so as not to generate burrs where the fibers are caught. For example, when punching the circular hole 8a, punching may be performed from the surface on which the SIG conduit 3 is placed.
[0018]
In this embodiment, the circular hole 8a is formed in the bottom surface 8b and the side surface 8c of the support member 8, but the circular hole 8a may be formed only in the bottom surface 8b. Further, the support member 8 may be formed only by a flat bottom surface 8b having a circular hole 8a. Further, the shape of the hole is not limited to a circle but may be a square or a triangle.
[0019]
The operation of the elution apparatus for manufacturing an optical fiber bundle configured as described above will be described.
The SIG conduit 3 that is the target of acid elution is placed in the elution groove 1 via the support member 8. Next, the eluate 2 is supplied from the tank 4 to the elution groove 1 through the supply valve 5.
[0020]
Then, the eluate 2 flows through the elution groove 1 and the SIG conduit 3 is eluted. In this elution process, the SIG conduit 3 floats in the eluate 2 without coming into direct contact with the elution groove 1, so that the flow of the eluate 2 around the SIG conduit 3 is good, and the eluate residue and acid elution portion The undissolved residue does not occur in the fiber bundle subjected to the elution treatment.
[0021]
The eluate 2 that has been subjected to the elution process reaches the waste liquid receiving tank 7 beyond the liquid level adjusting plate provided at the downstream end of the elution groove 1.
In addition, the liquid level of the eluate 2 shown in FIG. 3 is adjusted by the installation position of the liquid level adjusting plate.
[0022]
4 and 5 show another embodiment of the support member, and the support member 10 shown in FIG. 4 is a curved surface of the elution groove 1 made of acid- and alkali-resistant metal or plastic and formed in a net shape. The mesh 10a is formed along the elution groove 1 at predetermined intervals by being rounded and processed so as to conform to the shape.
[0023]
The support member 11 shown in FIG. 5 is made of an acid and alkali resistant metal or plastic, and a member formed in a ladder shape is rounded and processed so as to follow the curved shape of the elution groove 1. The shaped members 11b are arranged along the elution groove 1 in parallel at predetermined intervals.
[0024]
The sizes of the meshes 10a and 11a in these support members 10 and 11 may be set so that the fiber bundle produced by the elution process does not bend and bend as in the case of the circular hole 8a.
[0025]
In the elution process of the SIG conduit 3, when the SIG conduit 3 is placed in the elution groove 1 via the support members 10 and 11, the SIG conduit 3 floats in the eluate 2 without directly contacting the elution groove 1. Therefore, the flow of the eluate 2 around the SIG conduit 3 is good, and the elution residue and undissolved residue of the acid elution portion do not occur in the fiber bundle subjected to the elution treatment.
[0026]
The present invention can also be grasped by the forms shown in the following items.
[0027]
2. 2. The elution apparatus for manufacturing an optical fiber bundle according to claim 1, wherein the support member is formed by forming a plate-like member having a plurality of holes into a substantially isosceles trapezoidal shape. It is.
[0028]
3. 2. The elution apparatus for manufacturing an optical fiber bundle according to claim 1, wherein the support member is formed by forming a net-like member along the shape of the elution groove. .
[0029]
4). 2. The optical fiber bundle manufacturing elution apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the support member is formed by arranging substantially U-shaped linear members in parallel at predetermined intervals along the elution groove. This is an elution apparatus for producing fiber bundles.
[0030]
5). 5. The elution apparatus for manufacturing an optical fiber bundle according to claim 1 and items 2 to 4, wherein a plurality of the elution grooves are arranged in parallel, and an elution liquid tank and a supply valve are arranged downstream of the elution grooves. An elution apparatus for producing an optical fiber bundle, comprising a liquid level adjusting plate and a waste liquid receiving tank on the side.
[0031]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, since the SIG conduit floats in the eluate without directly contacting the elution groove, the flow of the eluate around the SIG conduit is improved. Since the undissolved residue of the acid elution part does not occur in the optical fiber bundle that has been subjected to the elution treatment, the optical fiber bundle is not cut or concentrated.
In addition, since the SIG conduit is not placed directly in the curved elution groove, but is placed through the support member, the fibers easily spread sideways, the fiber surface condition is improved, and the fiber bundle is softened. The workability of mashing in the fiber bundle is improved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
1 is a perspective view of an elution apparatus for manufacturing an optical fiber bundle according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. FIG. 5 is a perspective view of another embodiment of the support member. FIG. 6 is a perspective view of an elution groove used in a conventional elution apparatus for manufacturing an optical fiber bundle.
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Elution groove 2 Elution liquid 3 SIG conduit 4 Tank 5 Supply valve 7 Waste liquid receiving tank 8, 10, 11 Support member 8a Circular hole 10a, 11a of support member Net 8b Bottom surface 8c of support member ... Side surface 11b of support member ... substantially U Shaped linear member

Claims (2)

SIGコンジットが配置可能な長さを備えた溝部と、
前記SIGコンジットの周壁を所定の間隔で支持するとともに、前記溝部の底部に対して前記SIGコンジットを離間させる支持部材と、
前記溝部内で前記支持部材に支持された前記SIGコンジットに対して溶出液を供給する供給手段と、
前記供給手段で供給された溶出液を回収する回収手段と、
を具備することを特徴とする光学繊維束製造用溶出装置。
A groove portion having a length in which the SIG conduit can be disposed;
While supporting the peripheral wall of the SIG conduit at a predetermined interval, a support member that separates the SIG conduit from the bottom of the groove,
Supply means for supplying an eluate to the SIG conduit supported by the support member in the groove;
A recovery means for recovering the eluate supplied by the supply means;
The optical fiber bundle for producing dissolution apparatus characterized by comprising a.
前記溝部は水平に対して傾斜して配置され、前記供給手段は前記溝部の上流側に、前記回収手段は前記溝部の下流側に配置されたことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の光学繊維束製造用溶出装置。2. The optical fiber according to claim 1, wherein the groove portion is disposed to be inclined with respect to the horizontal, the supply unit is disposed on the upstream side of the groove portion, and the recovery unit is disposed on the downstream side of the groove portion. Elution device for bundle production.
JP33623099A 1999-11-26 1999-11-26 Elution device for optical fiber bundle manufacturing Expired - Lifetime JP3845237B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP33623099A JP3845237B2 (en) 1999-11-26 1999-11-26 Elution device for optical fiber bundle manufacturing

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP33623099A JP3845237B2 (en) 1999-11-26 1999-11-26 Elution device for optical fiber bundle manufacturing

Publications (2)

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JP3845237B2 true JP3845237B2 (en) 2006-11-15

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